MAE 308 HW3 Solution

Assigned Feb 11, 2013

Due: Feb 18, 2013
P1. Water at 20 flows through the elbow in the figure and exits to the atmosphere. The pipe
diameter is D1 = 10 cm, while D2=3cm. At a weight flow rate of 150 N/s, the pressure p1 = 2.3
atm (gage). Neglecting the weight of water and elbow, estimate the force on the flange bolts at
Section 1.



P2. For the pipe-flow reducing section in the figure. D
1
= 8 cm, D
2
= 5 cm, and P
2
=1 atm. The
fluid specifit weight are mercury: 133100 N/m
3
, and water: 9790 N/m
3
. If V
1
= 5 m/s and the
manometer reading is h=58 cm, estimate the total horizonal force resisted by the flange bolts.



P3. As shown in the figure, the jet strikes a vane which moves to the right at a constant velocity
V
c
on a frictionless cart. Compute: (a) the force F
x
required to restain the cart; (b) the power P
delivered to the cart; (c) find the cart velocity for which the force F
x
is a maximum and (d) find
the cart velocity for which the power P is a miximum. Note: power P= force * velocity.


P4. The water tank shown in the figure stands on a frictionless cart and feeds a jet of diameter 4
cm and velocity 8 m/s, which is deflected 60 by a vane. Compute the tension in the supporitng
cable.

Solution: The CV should surround the tank and wheels and cut through the cable and the exit
water jet. Then the horizontal force balance is


P5. Water flows through the duct in the figure, which is 50 cm wide and 1 m deep into the paper.
Gate BC completely closes the duct when = 90. Assuming one-dimensional flow, for what
angle will the force of the exit jet on the plate be 3 kN?

Solution: The steady flow equation applied to the duct, Q1 = Q2, gives the jet velocity as V2 =
V1(1 sin). Then for a force summation for a control volume around the jets impingement
area,



P6. The pump in the figure draws 220 m3/h of water (specific weight 9790 N/m3) from the
reservoir. The flow discharges through a nozzle to the atmosphere. Estimate the pump power in
kW delivered to the water. (Ignore the friction loss)


Solution: Choose the control volume to include the reservoir, the pump and the pipe exit. Let 1
be at the reservoir surface and 2 be at the nozzle exit, as shown. We need to know the exit
velocity:

V2=Q/A2=

and V1 (because reservoir is very large)

Now apply the steady flow energy equation from (1) to (2)

Assume isothermal process, which gives

. Then we have

Then we obtain

The - sign means pump work is supplied to the system.