APPLICATIONS OP RADIANT ENERGY 16-17

1. Increase egg production.

2. Increase the vitamin D content of the eggs.
3. Increase the hatchability of the eggs.
4. Decrease the shell breakage attributable to thin shells.
5. Eliminate loss caused by rickets.
6. Increase the chick growth rate.
7. Produce larger and stronger pullets.
The Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station at Wooster has conducted
several experiments comparing the results of sunlamp irradiation and
cod-liver-oil feeding of poultry. The average results of one such test are
shown in Table 16-7.
Table 16-7. Comparison between Average Results Achieved Through
Cod-Liver-Oil Feeding and Sunlamp Irradiation of Poultry
Average per cent hatchability, White Leghorn eggs.. . .
Average per cent hatchability, Rhode Island Red eggs
Average growth of pullets, White Leghorns
weight18 weeks
mortality18 weeks
Average growth of pullets, Rhode Island Reds
weight16 weeks
mortality16 weeks
Average egg production, White Leghorns
production (per cent)
mortality
Average egg production, Rhode Island Reds
production (per cent)
mortality
COD
LIVER OIL
S-4 SUN
LAMP
85.3
73.0
89.9
78.2
2.38 lb
13
2.46 lb
8
2.95 lb
14
3.11 lb
6
44.1
24
52
30
42.6
45.6
47.3
44.7
Photochemical Lamps and Their Uses
Many radiant energy applications in the photochemical field require
radiators of near-visible ultraviolet energy. The uses include such diverse
operations as production of uranium, of "smoke gases" for military con-
cealment, of synthetic rubbers and some plastic preparations, and processes
in photography, blueprinting, and photolithography (see Section 14).
Photochemical applications merge with laundry bleaching, the treatment
of wood-pulp and textile fibers, and the fixation of hydrocarbons.
In addition to an output in the near-visible ultraviolet spectral region,
photochemical lamps often are required to emit light and infrared energy
also. The near-ultraviolet wavelengths between 0.3 and 0.4 micron are
useful in chlorination. Hydrogenation utilizes shorter wave lengths and
oxygenation still shorter wave lengths than for chlorination.
In addition to control effected by the bulb transmittance, the spectral
character of the emission is largely governed by the vapor pressure. In-
creasing vapor pressure broadens the spectral lines and causes a shift of
energy output toward the longer wavelengths.