1. PlaWhich one of the following is not consistent with the acid growth hypothesis?

A. Applying acid to internal segments can introduce growth

B. Bothing tissues in neutral buffers precent IAA-induced growth
C. Auxin-induced growth occurs within three minutes of IAA application in grass seedlings
D. IAA induced growth can be separated from acid-induced growth

2. Gibberellins
A. are produced by some fungal pathogens of rice
B. are detoxified in plants through the methanoic acid pathway
C. Promote random deposition of microfibers in the cell
D. Prevent grape fruit growing

3. The tobacco calli are treated with a mixture of auxin and kinetin. Consequently, a lot of shoots
generate from calli because
A. The ratio of auxin/kinetin is higher than before
B. Lower
C. Unchanged
D. MS medium runs out of sugar
E. Roots have developed first

4. Ethylene causes ________ longitudinal growth, _____ radial expansion of hypocotyls, and
_____in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings.
A. increase ; increase ; horizontal growth
B. increase ; decrease ; horizontal growth
C. decrease ; increase ; exaggerated hook
D. decrease ; increase ; loss of root hair
E. increase ; decrease ; abscission of cotyledon

5. A dwarf or stockier shape light-grown Arabidopsis mutant seedlings in most likely
a. Short of gibberellin
b. Short of abscisic acid
c. Short of ethylene
d. Too much of ethylene (an ethylene over-producer)
e. Hypersensitive to cytokinin

6. In germinating barely seeds, the ____ releases gibberellins, which then diffuse to the ___
where they stimulate the synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes
A. endosperm ; aleurone layer
B. embryo; aleurone layer
C. aluerone layer; embryo
D. aleurone layer; endosperm
E. embryo; seed coat
7. which of the following proteins are likely to serve as the secondary signaling messengers?
a. ETR1
b. Expansin
c. Calcium
d. EGY1
e. Cellulase

8. In the ABA-induced closing od stomata, the following ion fluxes occurs guard cell plasma
membranes: first calcium ions flow ___, then anions flow ___, and finally potassium ions flow
___.
a. In ; out ; out
b. In ; in ; in
c. Out ; in ; out
d. Out ; out ; in
e. Out ; out ; out

9. When a cytokinin biosynthesis-regulating
a. Tomato fruit premature ripening occurs
b. Flower petal wilting is promoted
c. A tumor-like growth is formed in leaf
d. Leaf yellowing is stimulated
e. Leaf senescence is delayed.

10. Which of the following statements about tropic response is FALSE
a. They are growth response
b. Positive responses are away from the stimulus
c. They are responses to an external stimulus
d. They are directional responses
e. Responses involve bending or curving

11. In root apex, gravity-sensing organelles are localized in the
a. epidermal cells
b. fibre
c. specialized endodermal cells surrounding the vas
d root hairs
f. columella

12. In contrast to the protoplast pressure hypothesis, the starch-statolith hypothesis proposes
that gravity is sensed by:
a. mitochondria
b. amyloplasts
c. the pressure of cell vacuole
d. tension exerted on the plasma membrane by the cytoskeleton
e. tension exerted on the plasma membrane by the nucleus

13. Photoperioodism is a biological response to changes in
a. rain drop
b. CAB2 gene expression
c. day length
d. wavelength of light
e. number of touch

14. Photoreceptors responsible for the both phototropic and photoperiodic response is
a. Protein plus chlorophyll
b. Protein plus flavin
c. Protein plus chromophore
d. Chromophore
e. B and c respectively

15. If a short-day plant receives an on-minute exposure to light in the middle of the dark period
rather than continues darkness, it will
a. produce more flowers
b. produce smaller flowers
c. produce larger flowers
d. flower at a lower temperature
e. not flower

16 After etiolated plant has been exposed to noontime sunlight for a few minutes
a. all of the P
fr
has been converted to Pr
b. all of the Pr has been converted to Pfr
c. Pr is converted to Pfr faster than Pfr is converted to Pr
d. Pfr is converted to Pr faster than Pr is converted to Pfr
e. none of the above

17. there are two groups of Arabidopsis light signaling mutants. Group A mutant display
photomorphogenic morphology ( greener and stockier phenotype) when they are grown in
darkness and the other group B exhibit slender, taller and pale-looking seedlings when they are
grown under light.
a. The defective phytochrome gene is most likely found in group A
b. The defective phytochrome gene is most likely found in group B
c. Chloroplast has fully developed in group B mutant
d. Group A mutant are most likely lost their phototropic
e. Both b and d

18. In the auxin transport experiment, the excised section of hypocotyls was placed between
two blocks. One agar block is in contact with the apical end of this hypocotyl segment, while the
other with the basal end.
a. the radioactive IAA will transport acropetally if the radioactive IAA-containing agar block is
placed at the apical end
b. the radioactive IAA will move basipetallly if the radioactive IAA-donor agar block is placed at the
basal end of the segment
c. the radioactive IAA will move acropetally if the donor agar block is placed at the basal end
D the radioactive IAA is non-polarly transported in phloem of hypocotyl stem segment.
E. the radioactive IAA will be transported towardboth directions ( both acropetally and basipetally)
in hypocotyls stem segment.

19. In root
A. AUX1 protein is involved in auxin efflux during the polar transport in parenchyma cells
B. PIN protein is involved in auxin nonpolar transport in parenchyma cells
C. AUX1 carrier regulates the export of protonated auxin molecules from the inside of parenchyma
cells to outside
D. IAAH is transported only in phloem
E. auxin is transported both acropetally in phloem and basipetally in cortical parenchyma cells. This
bidirectional transport is non-polar and polar, respectively

20 the naturally occurring IAA is synthesized from ___ and primarily in ___
A. tryptophan. Apex of shoot/developing seed
B. methionine, old leaf
C. NAA, leaf primordia
D. ATP, apical end of shoot
E. Tyrosine, root tip

21. cytokinins are largely synthesized in ___ and from ___
A. root tip, ATP
B. shoot apical meristems ; polypeptide
C. flower petal, DNA
D. leaves, lipid
E. xylem, tryptophan

22. In which one of the following situation, cytokinin has an antagonistic effect to ethylene?
a. leaf yellowing
b. shoot regeneration from calli
c. releasing lateral bud from dormancy
d. in stem gravicurvature
e. both a and d

23 Trytophan- dependent IAA biosynthetic pathways include
a. tryptophan decarboxylase
b. cytochrome P450 hydroxylase
c. tryptophan transaminase
d. none of the above
e. all of the above

24. Which pair of the following enzymes regulate ethylene production in higher plants from SAM
( assuming plants have excessive amount of SAM)
A. ATP synthetase and SAM decarboxylase
b. ACC oxidase and ACC synthease
c. aspartic and glumatic aminotransferase
d. ACC deaminase and ATP synthetase
E.B and d

25. the phenotypes of viviparous mutant results from dramatically reduced level of ___ in seeds
a. starch
b. systemin
c. Brassinolides
d. ABA
e. Gibberellin

26. To knock out a gene expression from a plant , the corresponding antisense mRNA is
expressed. It is transcribed from
a. coding strand of DNA double helix with introns in the coding region
b. coding strand of DNA double helix with introns in the coding region
c. a fragment of cDNA with its 3 end ligated to promoter
d. cis-acting regulatory sequences at 3 end flanking region
e. 3 untranslated region

27. which one of the following function is not played by ethylene
A promotion of flower petal abscission
b. promotion of leaf abscission
c. promotion of transverse orientation of microfibrils and longitudinal cell expansion
d. loss of gravitropic response in etiolated pea seedlings
e. stimulation of the onset of climacteric fruit ripening

28. All tropic responses are associated with
A. Asymmetric redistribution of auxin
B. Calcium movement
C. Differential growth
D. Moving toward external stimuli
E. All of the above

29. Light-grown eg1 mutant on a sugar-free MS solid medium, which fails to attain full
gravicurvature following gravistimulation. When this mutant is grown on 1% sucrose MS
medium under light,
a. Statolith in endodermal cells are developed to a full size which is necessary for gravity
perception in Arabidopsis hypocotyl stem
b. full size amyloplasts have been observed and they play a role in gravity-sensing in hypocotyl
c. the pressure exerted from the weight of protoplast
D. Lack of full size amyloplasts in root makes it agravitropic
E.both b and a are correct

30 which one of the following statement is correct:
a. Long day plants flower under long night condition
b. Long day plants flower under short day condition
c. Short day plants flower under a long night condition
d. Short-day plant flower under a long night condition with a pulse of red light interruption at
midnight
e. a and C

31. If a gene that up-regulates biosynthesis of cytokinin is transformed into tobacco plant and
the expression of this gene occurs at leaf sensing stage,
a. the transgenic tobacco grows three times taller than the control tobacco plant
b. tobacco flowering is promoted
c. calli develop on the leaf of tobacco
d. root grows longer than non-transformed control plants
e. leaf senescence was delayed

32. The cis-acting element
a. is a short stretch of RNA sequence to which RNA polymerase II binds
b. is a part of NOS terminator
c. locates inside of an intron of a gene
d. interacts with trans-acting factors
e. none of the above

33. P
ft
form of phytochrome
a. is converted to Pr form by dark-reversion
b. reverts to Pr form by photosynthesis
c. is degraded by a proteases over several hours
D. is the active form
E. all of the above

34. Plants that flower in the summer are most likely
a. short day plants
b. long day plants
c. lack of heliotropism
d. are deficient in phytochrome
e. insensitive to UV light

35. The bending of a pea shoot toward light source is called
a. negative phototropism
b. positive tropic movement
c. negative gravitropism
d. positive nastic movement
e. negative nastic movement

36. which pair of the following hormones is antagonistic to each other in regulation of auxiliary
bud growth
a. Gibberellins and ethylene
b. systemin an ABA
C. ethylene and auxin
D. IAA and zeatin
E. kinetin and BR


1. How to differentiate the ethylene biosynthesis-deficient mutant eto1 from a constitutive
ethylene response mutant, or ethylene-sensing mutant, ctr1 ( 8marks)
If both of them have smaller sizes of rosette ?
2. Describe the primary biological functions of the five major plant hormones. (the satisfactory
answer to this question will be awarded with 8 points)

37. the naturally occurring auxin IAA was isolated by
1) Charles Darwin
2) frits W went
3) boysen Jensen
4) paal
5) Tike skoog

38. What experiment will provide the definite evidence for IAA biosynthesis pathway in plant
cell
1) treat plants with the inhibitors to tryptophan transaminase
2) radioactive labeling of plant cells with labeled tryptophan
3. grow plants on tryptophan-containing medium
4. identification of IAA response mutant
5. all of the above

39. IAA biosynthesis from tryptophan involves
a. removal of CO2 only
b. removal of NH3 only
c. removal of both CO2 anf NH3
d. oxidation
e. both c and d

40. Auxin
1. promotes growth of young tissue
2. Promotes the cell death
3. inhibits formation of xylem
4. inhibits fleshy fruit development
5) both 1 and 2

41. Auxin
a. promotes root growth
b. inhibits root elongation
c. have dual effects on primary root elongation
d. inhibits root growth at higher concentration
e. all of above

42. Triple response of etiolated plant upon ethylene treatment refers to
1) fall of leaf, ripening of fruits and shorter seedlings
2) division of cell, elongation of cell and degradation of cell wall
3) senescence of leaf, yellowing of leaf and stockier of seedling
4. loss of gravitropism, shorter and stockier hypocotyls
5. unable to bend woard light, fat seedlings and shorter root

43. Ethylene
a. stimulates degradation of cell wall
b. promotes synthesis of cell wall
c. promotes longitudinal expansion of newly formed cell
d. lateral expansion of cell
e. both a and d

44. Abscission zone
1. locate between petiole and leaf
2. has reduced break-strength upon ethylene treatment
3. has increase break-strength upon ethylene treatment
4. does not contain separation layer of cell
5. Both 1 and 4

ABA promote
1. Potassium ion efflux out of guard cell
2. K+ Influx into guard cell
3. Water move into guard cells
4. Flow out of stomata surrounding parenchyma cell
5. Both 1 and 3

45. ABA regulated stomata closure involves
1) binding to ABA receptor
2) calcium receptor
3) Cl ion
4) potassium ion
5) all of the above

46. which one of the following phenotype is more powerful for genetic screening of this ABA
sensing mutant
1) viviparous phenotype observed on maize
2) inhibition of seed germination by ABA on petri dish
3) stimulating leaf yellowing on bean leaf
4. promoting closure of stomata on maize leaf
5. none of the above

47. ABA biosynthesis shares which precursor with the biosynthesis of cytokinin
a. IPP
b. tryptophan
c. ATP
d. Methionine
e. Ribose

48. The 7mG is linked to the premRNA via
a) 5 to 3 linkage
b) 5 to 5 linkage
c) polyA tail
d) 5end of an intron
e) 5end of an exon

49. A promoter consists of
A. CAAT box only
B. TATA box only
C. cis-acting enhancers, CAAT and TATA boxes
D. Trans-acting enhancer
E. All of above

50. Northern blot is
1) invented by people from northern part of USA
2) used for detecting the copy number of gene in a genome
3) is made of cotton
4) a nitrocellulose paper bound with RNA
5) a nitrocellulose paper bound with DNA

51.




Ren : 25mc + short Q
Li : 37mc