Select the most suitable option.

1. Which is not a source of existing statistics?

A. Government
B. International agencies
C. Personal interviews
D. Private sources
2. Followings are the advantages of secondary data except
A. Non-Reactivity
B. Selective survival
C. Low cost
D. Sontaneity
3. Following are the disadvantages of secondary data except
A. Longitu!inal analysis
B. Samling "ias
C. Co!ing !i##icult
D. Incomleteness
4. he coding of the secondary data may be difficult because of
A. Di##erences in content or su"$ect matter
B. Lac% o# stan!ar!i&ation
C. Di##erences in lengt' an! #ormat
D. All o# t'ese
!. he researcher must be concerned about the following problems while using
secondary data in research.
A. (ali!ity
B. Relia"ility
C. Bot' o# t'ese
D. None o# t'ese
"esearch #ethods $S%&3'(
Fall Semester )''&
$Solution( *ui+ , '1
#ar-s 1'
&. /ypothesis refers to
A. )'e outcome o# an e*eriment
B. A conclusion !rawn #rom an e*eriment
C. A #orm o# "ias in w'ic' t'e su"$ect tries to outguess t'e e*erimenter
0. % tentative statement about the relationship
+- Statistics is use! "y researc'ers to
%. %naly+e the empirical data collected in a study
B. ,a%e t'eir #in!ings soun! "etter
C. -erationally !e#ine t'eir varia"les
D. .nsure t'e stu!y comes out t'e way it was inten!e!
/- A literature review re0uires
A. Planning
B. Goo! 1 clear writing
C. Lot o# rewriting
0. %ll of the above
2- A literature review is "ase! on t'e assumtion t'at
A. Coy #rom t'e wor% o# ot'ers
1. 2nowledge accumulates and learns from the wor- of others
C. 3nowle!ge !isaccumulates
D. None o# t'e a"ove otion
1'. % theoretical framewor-
A. .la"orates t'e r4s among t'e varia"les
B. .*lains t'e logic un!erlying t'ese r4s
C. Descri"es t'e nature an! !irection o# t'e r4s
0. %ll of the above
11. 5'ic' o# t'e #ollowing statement is not true6
A. A researc' roosal is a !ocument t'at resents a lan #or a ro$ect
B. A researc' roosal s'ows t'at t'e researc'er is caa"le o# success#ully
con!ucting t'e roose! researc' ro$ect
3. % research proposal is an unorgani+ed and unplanned pro4ect
D. A researc' roosal is $ust li%e a researc' reort an! written "e#ore t'e
researc' ro$ect
1). Preliminary !ata collection is a art o# t'e
A. Descritive researc'
1. 5xploratory research
C. Alie! researc'
D. .*lanatory researc'
13. Con!ucting surveys is t'e most common met'o! o# generating
%. 6rimary data
B. Secon!ary !ata
C. 7ualitative !ata
D. None o# t'e a"ove
14. A#ter i!enti#ying t'e imortant varia"les an! esta"lis'ing t'e logical reasoning in
t'eoretical #ramewor%8 t'e ne*t ste in t'e researc' rocess is
A. )o con!uct surveys
1. o generate the hypothesis
C. )o #ocus grou !iscussions
D. )o use e*eriments in an investigation
1!. )'e aroriate analytical tec'ni0ue is !etermine! "y
A. )'e researc' !esign
B. Nature o# t'e !ata collecte!
C. Nature o# t'e 'yot'esis
0. 1oth % 7 1
16-Personal interviews conducted in shopping malls are known as:
A. Mall interviews
B. Mall intercept interviews
C. Brief interviews
. !one of the given options
1"-#A$% lines provided &' long distance telephone service at fi(ed rates. )n
this regard* #A$% is the a&&reviation of:
+. #est Africa $heological %eminar'
,. #ashtenaw Area $ransportation %tud'
G. Wide Area Telecommunications Service
-. #orld Air $ransport %tatistics
1.-A list of /uestions which is handed over to the respondent* who reads the
/uestions and records the answers himself is known as the:
). )nterview schedule
J. Questionnaire
0. )nterview guide
1. All of the given options
12-3ne of the most critical stages in the surve' research process is:
M. 4esearch design
N. Questionnaire design
3. )nterview design
P. %urve' design
56-7uestion that consists of two or more /uestions 8oined together is called a:
Q. Double barreled uestion
4. 9eneral /uestion
%. Accurate /uestion
$. Confusing /uestion
51-$he num&er of /uestionnaires returned or completed divided &' the total
num&er of eligi&le people who were contacted or asked to participate in the
surve' is called the:
!. "esponse rate
:. Participation rate
#. )nflation rate
;. !one of the given options
55-$o o&tain the freest opinion of the respondent* when we ask general
/uestion &efore a specific /uestion then this procedure is called as the:
<. 4esearch techni/ue
=. 7ualitative techni/ue
AA. #unnel tec$niue
BB. 7uantitative techni/ue
5>-A small scale trial run of a particular component is known as:
CC. Pilot testing
. Pre-testing
++. 1a& e(periments
##.Bot$ A % B
5?-,ield testing of the /uestionnaire shows that:
GG. "espondents are willing to co&operate
--. 4espondents are not willing to co-operate
)). 4espondents do not like an' participation
@@. All of the given options
5A- %ervice evaluation of hotels and restaurants can &e done &' the:
''. Sel(&administered uestionnaires
11. 3ffice assistant
MM. Manager
!!. !one of the given options
)&. 88888888888research is based on naturalism.
A. 9iel! researc'
B. Descritive researc'
C. Basic researc'
D. Alie! researc'
)9. 6ersonal interviews conducted in shopping malls are -nown as888888888
A. ,all interviews
B. ,all intercet interviews
C. Brie# interviews
D. None o# t'e given otions
):. 888888888888is used to obtain the freest opinion of the respondent; by as-ing
general <uestion before a specific <uestion.
A. Researc' tec'ni0ue
B. 7ualitative tec'ni0ue
C. 9unnel tec'ni0ue
D. 7uantitative tec'ni0ue
)=. >n; 888888888888the interviewer and members 4ointly control the pace and
direction of the interview.
A. 9iel! interview
B. )ele'onic interview
C. Bot' A an! B
D. None o# t'e given otions
3'. "andomi+ation of test units is a part of 88888888888888
A. Pretest
B. Posttest
C. ,atc'ing
D. .*eriment
31. Which one of the following sets is the measure of central tendency?
a. ,ean8 stan!ar! !eviation8 mo!e
". ,ean8 me!ian8 stan!ar! !eviation
c. Arit'metic mean8 me!ian8 mo!e
!. Stan!ar! !eviation8 internal vali!ity8 mo!e
3). >nternal validity refers to .
a. Researc'er:s !egree o# con#i!ence.
". Generali&a"ility
c. -erationali&ation
!. All o# t'e a"ove
33. /ow many times the students appear in the research class is the example of
888888888.
a. Intensity
". Sace
c. 9re0uency
!. Direction
34. ime consumed in mall intercept interview is .
a. ;ig'
". ,o!erate
c. Low
!. Nil
3!. 0epartmental stores selected to test a new merchandising display system is
the example of .
a. 7uota samling
". Convenience samling
c. <u!gmental samling
!. Purosive samling
3&. In ===========8 t'e researc'er attemts to control an!4 or maniulate t'e varia"les
in
t'e stu!y.
1. 5xperiment
2. ;yot'esis
>. )'eoretical #ramewor%
?. Researc' !esign
3&. In an e*erimental researc' stu!y8 t'e rimary goal is to isolate an! i!enti#y t'e e##ect
ro!uce! "y t'e ====.
@. Deen!ent varia"le
2. .*traneous varia"le
39. >ndependent variable
?. Con#oun!ing varia"le
>. A measure is relia"le i# it rovi!es consistent ===========.
@. ;yot'esis
). "esults
>. Proce!ure
?. Sensitivity
3:. )'e interview in w'ic' 0uestions are alrea!y reare! is calle! ========.
@. )ele'onic interview
2. Personal interview
>. Anstructure! interview
4. Structured interview
3=. )'e numerical !escrition t'at !escri"e samle may "e e*ecte! to !i##er #rom t'ose
t'at !escri"e oulation "ecause o# ran!om #luctuations in'erent in samling rocess.
@. Samling !esign
2. Non-ro"a"ility samling
3. Sampling error
?. Pro"a"ility samling
4'. In ============== 8 eac' oulation element 'as a %nown an! e0ual c'ance o#
selection.
@. Purosive samling
2. 7uota samling
>. Strati#ie! samling
4. Simple random sampling
41. ====== is t'e evi!ence t'at t'e instrument8 tec'ni0ues8 or rocess use! to measure
concet !oes in!ee! measure t'e inten!e! concets.
@. Relia"ility
2. Relica"ility
>. Scaling
4. ?alidity
4). A researc'er is intereste! in stu!ying w'y t'e Bnew mat'C o# t'e @2DEs #aile!. S'e
interviews several teac'ers w'o use! t'e new mat' !uring t'e @2DEs. )'ese teac'ers are
consi!ere! asF
1. 6rimary sources
2. Secon!ary Sources
>. .*ternal critics
?. Internal critics
4). 5'ic' o# t'e #ollowing is N-) true a"out strati#ie! ran!om samling6
@. It involves a ran!om selection rocess #rom i!enti#ie! su"grous
). 6roportions of groups in the sample must always match their population
proportions
>. Disroortional strati#ie! ran!om samling is esecially 'el#ul #or getting large
enoug' su"grou samles w'en su"grou comarisons are to "e !one
?. Proortional strati#ie! ran!om samling yiel!s a reresentative samle
?>. .*erimental !esign is t'e only aroriate !esign w'ere========= relations'i can
"e esta"lis'e!.
@. Strong
2. Linear
>. 5ea%
4. 3ause and 5ffect
4!. All t'e ersons involve! in t'e collection o# !ata an! suervision o# !ata collection
rocess are calle!
i. 9iel!wor%ers
ii. Researc'ers
iii. Researc' assistants
iv. None o# t'e given otions
4&. 5'ile terminating t'e interview8 t'e #iel!wor%er s'oul! not !o one o# t'e #ollowingF
i. ;e s'oul! recor! all t'e resonses ma!e "y t'e interviewee "e#ore leaving.
ii. ;e s'oul! t'an% t'e interviewee.
iii. ;e s'oul! close t'e interview 'astily.
iv. ;e s'oul! answer all t'e 0uestions t'e reson!ent as%s concerning t'e nature
an! urose o# t'e stu!y.
49. 5'ic' one o# t'ese is a tye o# Interviewee "ias6
i. )'e reson!ent !oes not tell 'is true income8 age8 or contact in#ormation.
ii. )'e #iel!wor%er #ails to ro"e t'e interviewee roerly.
iii. )'e #iel!wor%er contacte! t'e wrong erson #or interview.
iv. )'e #iel!wor%er as%s t'e 0uestions in wrong or!er.
4:. A maga&ine con!ucts a survey an! as%s its rea!ers to cut t'e 0uestionnaire #rom t'e
maga&ine8 #ill it an! sen! it via mail. It is a tye o#
i. Purosive samling
ii. Snow"all samling
iii. Se0uential samling
iv. Convenience samling
4=. )'e 'eig't !istri"ution o# a #ew stu!ents in a sc'ool is an e*amle o#
i. Statistic
ii. Poulation
iii. Parameter
iv. .lement
!'. A researc'er wants to con!uct a survey o# t'e !rug users. 5'ic' tye o# samling
tec'ni0ue will "e most aroriate 'ere6
i. Se0uential samling
ii. Snow"all samling
iii. 7uota samling
iv. Convenience samling
!1. 5'en t'ere is a nee! to aly !i##erent !ata collection met'o!s to !i##erent arts o#
t'e oulation8 t'e "est samling met'o! woul! "e
i. Dou"le samling
ii. Cluster samling
iii. Strati#ie! ran!om samling
iv. Systematic ran!om samling
!). )'e samling tec'ni0ue in w'ic' every element o# t'e oulation 'as an e0ual8
non&ero
ro"a"ility o# "eing selecte! in a samle8 is calle!
i. Pro"a"ility samling
ii. Convenience samling
iii. Purosive samling
iv. 7uota samling
!3. )arget oulation is also calle!
i. Poulation
ii. Survey oulation
iii. Poulation element
iv. Poulation #rame
!4. 5'ic' one o# t'em is t'e met'o! #or ro"ing t'e reson!ent6
i. Reeat t'e 0uestion
ii. Give an e*ectant ause
iii. Reeat t'e reson!ent:s rely
iv. All o# t'e given otions
@oteA he correct options are highlighted in blue.
!!. Which one of the following sets is the measure of central tendency?
a. ,ean8 stan!ar! !eviation8 mo!e
". ,ean8 me!ian8 stan!ar! !eviation
c. Arit'metic mean8 me!ian8 mo!e
!. Stan!ar! !eviation8 internal vali!ity8 mo!e
!&.>n lab experiment the effect of ?ariables is controlled to evaluate the
causal relationship.
a. .*traneous
". ,o!erate
c. Intervening
!. All o# t'e a"ove
!9.>nternal validity refers to .
a. Researc'er:s !egree o# con#i!ence.
". Generali&a"ility
c. -erationali&ation
!. All o# t'e a"ove
!:.Which of the following is the wea-est experimental design?
a. -ne grou retest-osttest !esign
". 7uasi- e*erimental !esign
c. )wo grou osttest only !esign
!. .* ost #acto !esign
!=./ow many times the students appear in the research class is the example of
888888888.
a. Intensity
". Sace
c. 9re0uency
!. Direction
&'.0isadvantage of content analysis is .
a. Researc'er can increase t'e samle si&e
". Provi!es access on t'e su"$ects to w'ic' researc'er !oes 'ave 'ysical access.
c. Sometime !ocuments rovi!e incomlete account to t'e researc'er
!. Sontaneous #eelings can "e recor!e! w'en t'ey occurre!
&1.. Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to B%n
experimental design is a set of procedures specifyingAC
a. ;ow t'e test units Gsu"$ectsH are to "e !ivi!e! into 'omogenous su" samles.
". 5'at in!een!ent varia"les or treatments are to "e measure!6
c. 5'at !een!ent varia"les are to "e measure!6
!. ;ow t'e e*traneous varia"les are to "e controlle!6
&).. ime consumed in mall intercept interview is .
a. ;ig'
". ,o!erate
c. Low
!. Nil
&3.. Beacher should create a friendly environment in the classroomC this
is the type of .
a. Lea!ing 0uestion
". Loa!e! 0uestion
c. Dou"le Barrele!
!. Bur!ensome 0uestion
&4.. 0epartmental stores selected to test a new merchandising display
system is the example of .
a. 7uota samling
". Convenience samling
c. <u!gmental samling
!. Purosive samling
&!.0iscrete variable is also calledDDD.
A. Categorical varia"le
B. Discontinuous varia"le
C. 1oth % 7 1
D. None o# t'e a"ove
&&BEfficers in my organi+ation have higher than average level of commitmentC
Such a hypothesis is an example ofDDD.
A. 0escriptive /ypothesis
B. Directional ;yot'esis
C. Relational ;yot'esis
D. All o# t'e a"ove
&9.FScienceG refers toDDD.
A. A system #or ro!ucing %nowle!ge
B. )'e %nowle!ge ro!uce! "y a system
C. 1oth % 7 1
D. None o# t'e a"ove
&:.Which one of the following is not a characteristic of scientific method?
A. Deterministic
B. Rationalism
C. .mirical
D. %bstraction
&=.he theoretical framewor- discusses the interrelationships among theDDD.
A. ?ariables
B. ;yot'esis
C. Concet
D. )'eory
9'.DDDresearch is based on naturalism.
A. Field research
B. Descritive researc'
C. Basic researc'
D. Alie! researc'
91.6ersonal interviews conducted in shopping malls are -nown asDDD
.. ,all interviews
9. #all intercept interviews
G. Brie# interviews
;. None o# t'e given otions
9).DDD is used to obtain the freest opinion of the respondent; by as-ing
general <uestion before a specific <uestion.
I. Researc' tec'ni0ue
<. 7ualitative tec'ni0ue
3. Funnel techni<ue
L. 7uantitative tec'ni0ue
93.>n; DDD the interviewer and members 4ointly control the pace and
direction of the interview.
,. Field interview
N. )ele'onic interview
-. Bot' A an! B
P. None o# t'e given otions
94."andomi+ation of test units is a part of DDD
7. Pretest
R. Posttest
S. ,atc'ing
). 5xperiment
9!. 88888888888research is based on naturalism.
A. 9iel! researc'
B. Descritive researc'
C. Basic researc'
D. Alie! researc'
9&. 6ersonal interviews conducted in shopping malls are -nown as888888888
A. ,all interviews
B. ,all intercet interviews
C. Brie# interviews
D. None o# t'e given otions
99. 888888888888is used to obtain the freest opinion of the respondent; by as-ing
general <uestion before a specific <uestion.
A. Researc' tec'ni0ue
B. 7ualitative tec'ni0ue
C. 9unnel tec'ni0ue
D. 7uantitative tec'ni0ue
9:. >n; 888888888888the interviewer and members 4ointly control the pace and
direction of the interview.
A. 9iel! interview
B. )ele'onic interview
C. Bot' A an! B
D. None o# t'e given otions
9=. "andomi+ation of test units is a part of 88888888888888
A. Pretest
B. Posttest
C. ,atc'ing
D. .*eriment
:'. Which one of the following sets is the measure of central tendency?
a. ,ean8 stan!ar! !eviation8 mo!e
". ,ean8 me!ian8 stan!ar! !eviation
c. Arit'metic mean8 me!ian8 mo!e
!. Stan!ar! !eviation8 internal vali!ity8 mo!e
:1. >nternal validity refers to .
a. Researc'er:s !egree o# con#i!ence.
". Generali&a"ility
c. -erationali&ation
!. All o# t'e a"ove
:). /ow many times the students appear in the research class is the example of
888888888.
a. Intensity
". Sace
c. 9re0uency
!. Direction
:3. ime consumed in mall intercept interview is .
a. ;ig'
". ,o!erate
c. Low
!. Nil
:4. 0epartmental stores selected to test a new merchandising display system is
the example of .
a. 7uota samling
". Convenience samling
c. <u!gmental samling
!. Purosive samling
/I. In ===========8 t'e researc'er attemts to control an!4 or maniulate t'e varia"les
in
t'e stu!y.
1. 5xperiment
2. ;yot'esis
>. )'eoretical #ramewor%
?. Researc' !esign
/D. In an e*erimental researc' stu!y8 t'e rimary goal is to isolate an! i!enti#y t'e e##ect
ro!uce! "y t'e ====.
@. Deen!ent varia"le
2. .*traneous varia"le
3. >ndependent variable
?. Con#oun!ing varia"le
/+. A measure is relia"le i# it rovi!es consistent ===========.
@. ;yot'esis
). "esults
>. Proce!ure
?. Sensitivity
//. )'e interview in w'ic' 0uestions are alrea!y reare! is calle! ========.
@. )ele'onic interview
2. Personal interview
>. Anstructure! interview
4. Structured interview
/2. )'e numerical !escrition t'at !escri"e samle may "e e*ecte! to !i##er #rom t'ose
t'at !escri"e oulation "ecause o# ran!om #luctuations in'erent in samling rocess.
@. Samling !esign
2. Non-ro"a"ility samling
3. Sampling error
?. Pro"a"ility samling
2E. In ============== 8 eac' oulation element 'as a %nown an! e0ual c'ance o#
selection.
@. Purosive samling
2. 7uota samling
>. Strati#ie! samling
4. Simple random sampling
2@. ====== is t'e evi!ence t'at t'e instrument8 tec'ni0ues8 or rocess use! to measure
concet !oes in!ee! measure t'e inten!e! concets.
@. Relia"ility
2. Relica"ility
>. Scaling
4. ?alidity
22. A researc'er is intereste! in stu!ying w'y t'e Bnew mat'C o# t'e @2DEs #aile!. S'e
interviews several teac'ers w'o use! t'e new mat' !uring t'e @2DEs. )'ese teac'ers are
consi!ere! asF
1. 6rimary sources
2. Secon!ary Sources
>. .*ternal critics
?. Internal critics
2>. 5'ic' o# t'e #ollowing is N-) true a"out strati#ie! ran!om samling6
@. It involves a ran!om selection rocess #rom i!enti#ie! su"grous
). 6roportions of groups in the sample must always match their population
proportions
2?. Disroortional strati#ie! ran!om samling is esecially 'el#ul #or getting large
enoug' su"grou samles w'en su"grou comarisons are to "e !one
?. Proortional strati#ie! ran!om samling yiel!s a reresentative samle
2I. .*erimental !esign is t'e only aroriate !esign w'ere========= relations'i can
"e esta"lis'e!.
@. Strong
2. Linear
>. 5ea%
4. 3ause and 5ffect
=&. "ationalism is the application of which of the following?
A. Logic an! arguments
B. Researc' solution
C. Reasoning
D. Previous #in!ings
=9 En which of the following; scientific -nowledge mostly relies?
A. Logical un!erstan!ing
B. I!enti#ication o# events
C. Prior %nowle!ge
D. All o# t'e given otions
=:. Which of the following refers to research supported by measurable
evidence?
A. -inion
B. .miricism
C. Seculation
D. Rationalism
==. "esearch method is applicable in all of the following fields; 5H356I
A. ;ealt' care
B. Religion
C. Business
D. Government o##ices
1''. %ll of the following are true statements about action research; 5H356I
A. Data are systematically analy&e!
B. Data are collecte! systematically
C. Results are generali&a"le
D. Results are use! to imrove ractice
1'1. Which of the following is characteristic of action research?
A. (aria"les are tig'tly controlle!
B. Results are generali&a"le
C. Data are usually 0ualitative
. Results !emonstrate cause-an!-e##ect relations'is
1'). >f a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to
ascertain their merit and worth; he is li-ely conducting which of the
following types of research?
A. .*erimental
B. Alie!
C. Basic
D. .valuation
1'3. 5xploratory research addresses which of the following types of
<uestion?
A. I#
B. ;ow
C. 5'y
D. 5'at
1'4. Which of the following is not the source for getting information for
exploratory research?
A. Content analysis
B. Survey
C. Case stu!y
D. Pilot stu!y
1'!. Which of the following is the main <uality of a good theory?
A. A t'eory t'at 'as survive! attemts at #alsi#ication
B. A t'eory t'at is roven to "e rig't
C. A t'eory t'at 'as "een !isrove!
. A t'eory t'at 'as "een #alsi#ie!
1'&. Which of the following is not a concept?
A. Lea!ers'i
B. )otal 7uality ,anagement
C. Intelligence 7uotient GI7H
D. ;uman Resource ,anagement
1'9. % variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is
-nown asA
A. Discontinuous varia"le
B. Deen!ent varia"le
C. In!een!ent varia"le
. Intervening varia"le
1':. Which of the following is the opposite of a variable?
A. An e*traneous varia"le
B. A !een!ent varia"le
C. A !ata set
. A constant
1'=. Which of the following can best be described as a categorical
variable?
A. Age
B. Annual income
C. Gra!e oint average
. Religion
11'. B>ncome distribution of employeesC in a specific organi+ation is an
example of which of following type of variable?
A. Discontinuous varia"le
B. Continuous varia"le
C. Deen!ent varia"le
. In!een!ent varia"le
111. Bhere is no relationship between higher motivation level and higher
efficiencyC is an example of which type of hypothesis?
A. Alternative
B. Null
C. Co relational
. Researc'
11). Which of the following is not a role of hypothesis?
A. Gui!es t'e !irection o# t'e stu!y
B. Determine #easi"ility o# con!ucting t'e stu!y
C. I!enti#ies relevant an! irrelevant #acts
. Provi!es #ramewor% #or organi&ing t'e conclusions
113. /ypothesis test may also be called asA
A. In#ormal test
B. Signi#icance test
C. ,o!erating test
D. )-test
114. Which type of review compares how different theories address an issue?
A. Conte*t review
B. Integrate! review
C. )'eoretical review
D. ,et'o!ological review
11!. %fter you locate a source; you should write down all details of the
reference; 5H356I
A. (olumes
B. )itles
C. Price
D. 9ull names o# t'e aut'ors