Mitigation Measures

MITIGATION MEASURES
7.1 During Investigation and Preparation (a) Main Trace b) Galle Port Access Road
Separatel)
7.1.1 Social and Socio!"cono#ic I#pacts
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%ote to So&an' Displace#ent o( people (sa#e te)t b *inapala) &as been included under
investigation + preparation and construction stages as I ,as not sure to ,&ic& stage it is
applicable.
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ADB & GPAR
Displacement of people
T&e RDA &as been #a.ing all atte#pts to reduce t&e nu#ber o( (a#ilies t&at ,ill &ave
negative i#pacts due to various pro/ect interventions. As a result o( suc& atte#pts #ade
t&roug& various studies t&e nu#ber o( (a#ilies to be displaced ,as broug&t do,n to 071 at
t&e present condition. All t&ese 071 (a#ilies &ave been no, resettled under t,o #itigator
#easures alread i#ple#ented.
2reating RDA sponsored resettle#ent sites and resettled 334 (a#ilies
Given opportunities (or t&e (a#ilies ,&o ,anted to select t&eir o,n locations (or
resettle#ent and get resettled ,it& t&eir o,n initiatives (561 (a#ilies).
T&e policies suggested on involuntar resettle#ent b t&e govern#ent o( Sri -an.a and
AD78s policies on involuntar resettle#ent ,ere (ollo,ed b t&e RDA in t&e ,&ole
resettle#ent process. T&e RDA &as obtained t&e services o( various parties to assist t&e
resettle#ent process beside t&e activities o( its o,n pro/ect sta((.
About 3949 (a#ilies in total &ad various i#pacts and all o( t&e# &ave been co#pensated
according to t&e Sri -an.en govern#ent and AD78s policies and guidelines on social i#pact
#anage#ent (ra#e ,or.. :ut o( 3949 (a#ilies 711 &ouses (p&sical structures) &ad negative
i#pacts and t&e all ,ere de#olis&ed (or allo,ing t&e road construction ,or.s to ta.e place.
:nl 071 o( 711 &ouses ,ere occupied b people and t&ere(ore; t&e ,ere relocated. T&e
ot&er 54 &ouses a((ected ,ere /ust p&sical structures partiall constructed or not occupied b
people. T&e o,ners o( t&ese 54 &ouses ,ere given co#pensation alt&oug& t&ere ,as no need
to relocate people (but t&e structures ,ere de#olis&ed to ac<uire lands to carr out pro/ect
construction ,or.). T&e tpes o( properties a((ected and t&e nature co#pensation paid to
t&e# are su##ari=ed in table 9.
Table 9! T&e tpes o( p&sical properties a((ected and t&e nature o( co#pensation paid to
t&e#.
Type of properties Compensation paca!e
Di((erent tpes o( land 2o#pensation based on t&e #ar.et values
o( di((erent categor o( lands;
2o#pensation to t&e crops.
A((ected &ouses Paid co#pensation (or all. 334 (a#ilies
,ere provided ,it& resettle#ent sites and
&elped to build &ouses. T&e cost o( t&e land
and ne, &ouses ,ere paid b t&e a((ected
(a#ilies out o( t&e a#ount paid to t&e# b
RDA as co#pensation. T&e certain
co##on (acilities suc& as electricit; ,ater;
access and so on ,ere provided b RDA
(ro# its resettle#ent (unds. >ntil RDA
provided ne, &ouses t&e a((ected (a#ilies
,ere given #one (or renting &ouses.
Anot&er 561 (a#ilies ,&o ,anted to
resettle in t&eir o,n locations ,ere paid
co#pensation and Anot&er additional
allo,ance (Rs. 144444 (or eac& (a#il) to
get resettled b t&e#selves. All t&e a((ected
(a#ilies ,&o ,ere to be resettled ,ere
given s&i(ting allo,ances to transport t&eir
belonging to ne, places.
2o##ercial establis&#ents So#e o( t&e (a#ilies a#ong 071 ,ere
s#all business &olders and t&e ,are given
additional #one to co#pensate t&e
inco#e t&e &ad to (orgo during
resettle#ent period. T&is group ,as also
paid all ot&er tpes o( co#pensation given
to ot&er a((ected &ouse &olders suc& as
&ouse rent; s&i(ting allo,ances and so on.
At t&e (ocus group discussions &eld b t&e consultant ,it& t&e a((ected and alread resettled
co##unities t&e participants e)pressed (ollo,ing vie,s on t&e resettle#ent process t&e &ad
under gone'
Positi"e "ie#s$
T&e a((ected (a#ilies ,ere given uni(or# si=e o( lands in t&e RDA initiated
resettle#ent sites ( 34 perc& to eac& (a#il)
T&e in(rastructure (acilities re<uired to t&e resettle#ent sites (access; electricit and
,ater) ,ere provided b t&e RDA in addition to t&e co#pensation paid to t&e a((ected
properties.
T&e values assessed and reco##ended b t&e valuation sta(( ,ere paid to t&e a((ected
properties ( land and &ouses)
Some %re# &acs of t'e resettlement process accor%in! to t'e comm(nities$
T&ere are so#e proble#s re#aining to be solved in resettle#ent sites ( land
develop#ent)
So#e resettle#ent sites &ave not been given drin.ing ,ater (acilities et. (In so#e
sites t&e capacit o( t&e ,ater suppl sc&e#es is not ade<uate to cater t&e ,&ole
(a#ilies resettled).
So#e (a#ilies are o( t&e opinion t&at location o( settle#ent sites and also t&e land
lots given to t&e# are not t&e pre(erred ones b t&e# ( T&e opinion o( so#e resettled
(a#ilies not all)
T&e all suggested t&at i( active participation o( t&e a((ected parties ,ere soug&t in t&e entire
resettle#ent process to i#ple#ent it ,ould &ave been able to raise t&e satis(action o( t&e
co##unities

T&e pro/ect developer plaed so#e roles in post resettle#ent actions ,it& t&e co##unities
resettled in RDA sponsored sites. T&e a((ected co##unities ,ere provided ,it& training on
entrepreneurs&ip develop#ent and ot&er liveli&ood reestablis&#ent activities. T&e 2entral
7an. training sta(( provided suc& training. A develop#ent credit progra# ,as initiated to use
as revolving (unds to start inco#e generation activities.
T&e resettle#ent process s&ould not be /ust con(ined to relocation o( a((ected people in
anot&er location. A ,ell designed progra# s&ould be i#ple#ented in t&e post ?resettle#ent
p&ase to assist t&e a((ected people to reestablis& t&eir disturbed liveli&ood sste#s using
ade<uate co#pensation paid under t&e pro/ect. :t&er,ise t&ere can be pat&etic cases t&at
so#e &ouse&olders #a spend t&eir ,&ole #one (or unnecessar t&ings and get into
sorro,(ul conditions o( t&eir lives. T&e post ?resettle#ent actions also #a not be con(ined
onl to t&e co##unities resettled in RDA sponsored sites. Actions #a be launc&ed to
#onitor t&e process (ollo,ed b t&e co##unities ,&o &ave resettled ,it& t&eir o,n
initiatives. T&oug& t&e RDA #a not be legall bound to pa t&eir attentions to t&ese aspects
,e reco##end t&at it ,ould be a social obligation o( t&e pro/ect developers to veri( t&e
situation o( t&e co##unities a((ected due to develop#ent actions i#ple#ented (or t&e bene(it
o( t&e countr as ,&ole not (or creating speci(ic bene(its to t&e a((ected co##unities.
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7.1.3 Adrological I#pacts
7.1.3.1 @ater
7.1.3.1.1 Sur(ace @ater Buantit
Main Cinal Trace
General
As t&ere is no signi(icant i#pact on t&e sur(ace ,ater <uantit no special #itigator #easures
are necessar.
Galle Port Access
are necessar.
General
are necessar
7.1.3.1.3 Ground @ater Buantit
Main Cinal Trace
As t&ere is no i#pact caused b t&e e)ploitation o( ground,ater (or t&e pro/ect activities no
special #itigator #easures are necessar.
Galle Port Access
As t&ere is no i#pact caused b t&e e)ploitation o( ground,ater (or t&e pro/ect activities no
special #itigator #easures are necessar.
7.1.D I#pacts on Road Trace Design
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T&e sun!s&ine e((ect; ,&en t&e road section traverses ,it&in t&e stretc& in t&e "ast to @est
direction; &as not been considered in t&e previous studies and detailed design stage. T&e
(ollo,ing #easures are applicable to reduce t&is e((ect.
T&is e((ect can be #itigated to a great e)tent b planting so#e trees along t&e centre
#edian at close interval during construction stage. T&is is to be i#ple#ented to t&e
sections o( t&e ")press,a ,&ic& (lies in "ast ? @est direction.
Curt&er; t&e road users are advised to .eep t&e (ollo,ings in #ind to reduce t&e e((ect.
Drive cautiousl and leave a proper distance to ensure a#ple reaction ti#e.
Ma.e it a &abit to lo,er visors; to &elp bloc. so#e o( t&e re(lected lig&t.
Avoid using &ig&!gloss vinl cleansers on das&boards.
Eeep t&e car ,inds&ield clean and t&e ,inds&ield ,as&er (luid (ull.
@&en possible; ta.e an alternate route lined ,it& tress or tall buildings in lieu o( one
,it& e)tre#e glare.
Turn on &eadlig&ts to assist t&e possible poor visibilit o( onco#ing drivers.
Most i#portantl; ,ear sunglasses at all ti#es. "ven #ore i#portant is to ,ear
sunglasses ,it& polari=ed lenses and >F protection.
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7.3 During 2onstruction (a) Main Trace b) Galle Port Access Road Separatel)
7.3.1 Adrolog and Drainage Aspects
7.3.1.1 @ater
7.3.1.1.1 Sur(ace @ater Buantit
Main Cinal Trace
General
are necessar.
2&anges o( Adrograp& Pattern
Te#porar i#pacts on &drograp& ti#e caused o,ing to t&e c&ange o( runo(( coe((icient ,ill
be #itigated to a great e)tent once t&e road,or. is co#pleted ,it& sur(acing; paving and
associated drainage ,or.s.
Galle Port Access
General
are necessar
7.3.1.1.3 Ground @ater Buantit
Main Cinal Trace
Mitigator Measures (or :t&er I#pacts
1. Increase in ground,ater table because o( t&e uprooting o( t&e deep rooted trees.
T&is i#pact is not a ver intense i#pact. Also t&e raise in t&e ground,ater table ,ill be
#arginal. In t&e process o( landscaping t&e road trace and its environs trees ,ill be planted
and t&ese trees ,ill o((set t&e i#pact to a certain e)tent. Apart (ro# t&ese #easures no special
#itigator #easures are necessar.
3. Si#ultaneous reduction in ground,ater elevations in cut areas to #atc& t&e ulti#ate
(inis& ground levels.
As t&e construction is ongoing and #ost o( t&e deep cuts are co#plete t&e i#pact &as alread
ta.en place. @&ere t&ere are co#plaints about t&e reduction o( ground,ater levels in t&e
,ells are #onitored to (ind suc& i#pacts &ave ta.en place. PI> o( t&e RDA &as started suc& a
ground,ater #onitoring progra##e and it s&ould be continued (or a considerable lengt& o(
ti#e to arrive at clear!cut conclusions.
It s&ould also be noted t&at t&e sta.e&older co#plaints s&ould be care(ull &andled in(erring
its genuineness . T&e "nviron#ental :((icers in t&e PI> could assess t&e individual
co#plaints.
D. Seepage o( ground,ater (ro# deep cuts and causing loss to t&e ground,ater ,ells on
&ills ,&ere deep cut o( t&e road run t&roug&.
T&e description given above applies.
5. Reduction o( ground,ater levels in t&e reclai#ed areas (or road e#ban.#ent + ot&er
boarder develop#ent ,or.s.
T&is reduction #ainl ta.es place on t&e road trace itsel( ,&ere (illing is underta.en. T&ere is
no &eav ground,ater usage in t&e trace and &ence even t&oug& t&is cannot be #itigated
t&ere are no serious adverse e((ects.
6. Increase o( t&e ground,ater levels in t&e e#ban.#ent areas and conse<uent
reduction in ground,ater levels in t&e do,nstrea# areas.
T&is i#pact can be #itigated b t&e provision o( ade<uate drainage (acilities t&roug& t&e road
trace. :pening si=es o( t&e culverts and bridges s&ould be su((icient to pass t&e (lo,s t&roug&
t&e trace #ini#i=ing te#porar retention. A #arginal increase o( retention o( ,ater is
bene(icial to padd gro,n areas.
0. Increase o( t&e ground,ater levels in t&e te#porar ponding areas created b
te#porar crossing ,&ic& &ave not connected to do,nstrea# strea# pat&s and
conse<uent reduction o( ground,ater in t&e do,nstrea# areas.
All t&e te#porar and per#anent crossings s&ould be sste#aticall connected to t&e strea#
pat&s in t&e do,nstrea# areas. Do,nstrea# continuation drainage pat& (or all t&e drainage
crossings suc& as #inor culverts; #a/or culverts; #inor + #a/or bridges s&ould be identi(ied.
As t&is i#pact is (airl critical (or #inor crossings proper do,nstrea# connections s&ould be
especiall establis&ed (or t&ose.
Galle Port Access
Since t&e ,or. o( t&e Galle Port Access &as not been started in earnest #ost o( t&e #itigator
#easures described above could be applied to #itigate t&e li.el i#pacts. All t&e possible
drainage pat&s s&ould be identi(ied be(ore&and. Do,nstrea# connection drainage pat&s (or
all t&e proposed crossings s&ould be pre identi(ied and t&e present proposed crossing si=es
and locations could be #odi(ied accordingl.
7.3.1.3 Processes
7.3.1.3.1 CloodsGAdrolog and Drainage Patterns
Adrolog + Drainage
I#pacts on Retention Areas
Deviated Cinal Trace
As it is evident t&at t&e Cinal Trace causes less i#pact t&an t&e :riginal Trace + 2o#bined
Trace in ter#s o( t&e retention area transecting and t&e road,or. in t&e AD7 section is
alread in progress. T&e #ain i#pact on t&e retention areas is (looding + ,ater logging.
Provision o( culverts ,ill convert t&e e)isting s&eet (lo, to converged (lo,. Ao,ever as a
#itigator #easure culvert ,ater pro(ile calculations &ave been done and culvert si=es &ave
been opti#i=ed to #ini#i=e t&e ,ater level rise.
T&e #ain #itigator #easure (or t&is i#pact is to provide openings according to t&e design.
Approvals (ro# t&e aut&orities suc& as t&e Depart#ent o( Irrigation + Sri -an.a -and
Recla#ation + Develop#ent 2orporation s&ould be obtained. Ao,ever during t&e approval
process (urt&er design c&anges s&ould be done to (ul(ill t&eir re<uire#ents. Cor e)a#ple so#e
openings &ave to be (urt&er enlarged to li#it t&e velocities to an appreciable range ( e.g. (lo,
velocit H 3.6 #Gsec) . Also in long (lood retention areas #an culverts are needed (or (lood
balancing rat&er t&an a single culvert (or t&e ,&ole catc&#ent. All t&ese aspects are being
loo.ed into especiall during t&e approval process b S--RD2.
Galle Port Access
It is seen t&at t&e I(lood detention per unit lengt&J and Isigni(icant drainage structures per
unit lengt&J t&ere(ore it could be in(erred t&at t&e i#pact on drainage because o( t&e Galle
Port Access is relativel &ig&er. Also t&e road trace is (i)ed and resettle#ent o( persons &as
alread been done. T&e environs o( t&e present trace is generall lo, ling padd areas
t&ere(ore #inor deviations cannot be a((ected to #itigate i#pacts. To #itigate t&e i#pacts on
retention areas and (looding t&e openings in t&e (or#s o( culverts bridges etc. s&ould be
constructed during t&e construction. So#e o( t&e opening si=es ( e.g -unu,il "la crossing as
outlined belo,) &as to be increased on (urt&er (lood studies.
Clood I#pacts
Deviated Cinal Trace
Flood of Gin Ganga
Curt&er &draulic studies s&ould be carried out regarding t&e upstrea# (looding in
collaboration ,it& t&e irrigation Depart#ent and t&e solutions agreeable to t&e# s&ould
i#ple#ented. T&is #a include curtailing t&e e#ban.#ents near t&e bridge abut#ents;
provision o( additional (lood bunds (or possible inundation areas. 7ac.,ater calculations
&ave to be done in order to assess t&e i#pacts on t&e upstrea# to (ul(ill t&e re<uire#ents o(
t&e Irrigation Depart#ent.
Floods of Polwatte Ganga & its Flood Plane
T&e reco##endations given above (or Gin Ganga appl. :ne o( t&e #a/or considerations
&ere (or t&e #itigation o( (lood i#pact is t&e nu#ber o( (lood balancing culverts provided in
t&e trace in t&e Deegoda Kaa area (53L44! 59L444).
Flooding at Other Segments
Clooding in #ost o( t&e ot&er places &as ta.en place because o( t&e absence o( leada,a
drainage pat&s (ro# t&e crossings alread provided. As described in t&e sections above all
leada,a drainage pat&s (ro# t&e culvert crossings s&ould be properl connected to t&e
do,nstrea# pat&s to ensure drainage continuit. T&is i#pact is ver co##on and t&e
e)ecution o( t&e #itigator #easures is a pri#e and urgent need.
Galle Port Access
I#pacts on -unu,ila "la 2rossing
To #itigate t&e i#pacts an ade<uate nu#ber o( crossings over t&e lo, ling area s&ould be
provided. It is understood t&at in t&e ICinal Design Report Cebruar 3441J t&e return period
used (or all t&e culvert structures in t&e relevant area is 36 ears. 7ecause o( t&e #agnitude o(
t&e (looding proble#s and t&e anticipated i#pact it is proposed to increase t&e return period
(or t&e #ain -unu,il "la crossing to 64 ears. T&e overall ade<uac o( t&e #ain -unu,ila
culverts and its entourage culverts s&ould be best decided t&roug& &draulic studies ta.ing
into account t&e (lood plane areas. @&en t&e return period (or t&e #ain -unu,ila "la culverts
is increased to 64ear return period its si=e s&ould be correspondingl increased.
7.3.1.3.3 Irrigation and Clood Protection Structures
Main Cinal Trace
(a) Probable upstrea# inundation in Gin Ganga Sc&e#e because o( t&e road e#ban.#ent
abutting t&e bridge at %aapa#ula.
Mitigator #easures &ave been discussed under I Ginganga CloodsJ.
(b) Te#porar inundation (drainage congestion); and ponding o( ,ater in padd areas in
t&e absence o( leada,a connections.
All culverts and crossings s&ould be properl connected to t&e do,nstrea# drainage
pat&s.

(c) Deposition o( eroded soil and t&e te#porar stoc.piled soil du#ps (peat soils); in
padd areas.
See #itigator #easures proposed under Section ? Soil "rosionM
(d) Road e#ban.#ents running on t&e e)isting #inor irrigation canals longitudinall.
"#ban.#ents on turnout structures ".g. Deegoda Irrigation 2&annel D9LD04)
RDA &as agreed to rela t&e canals in a ne, la out ; in collaboration ,it& t&e provincial
irrigation engineer so t&at irrigation ,ater could be delivered to padd areas ,it&out an
&indrance.
(e) 7isection o( t&e irrigation sc&e#es because o( t&e road e#ban.#ent (".g. Deegoda
Kaa. 55L444 ? 57L444. )
As described above alt&oug& t&e sc&e#e is bisected its drainage continuit s&ould be .ept
intact. Ade<uate culvert openings s&ould be provided (or (lood balancing. Also as stated
above t&e a((ect irrigation canals s&ould be re laid out to #itigate t&e i#pact.
(() 2losure o( irrigation c&annels to eroded + e#ban.#ent soils.( ".g. D0L144!
Dandu,ana;D7L944;D9L044; 54L914; )
T&ese canals s&ould be re e)cavated and t&e original canal capacit s&ould be restored. RDA
s&ould ,or. ver closel ,it& t&e Provincial Irrigation "ngineer to avoid suc& instances.
Galle Port Access
Clooding and drainage congestion near -unu,il "la crossing; Panaga#u,a Kaa and
Mana,ila lo, ling padd areas because o( t&e e#ban.#ents and non!continuit o(
t&e drainage pat&s..
Ade<uate openings s&ould be provided (or drainage continuit and (lood balancing. It is
reco##ended to increase t&e return period o( t&e culvert (or -unu,ila "la to 64 ears or
#ore.
Deposition o( eroded eart& during construction in t&e lo, ling padd areas in
Panaga#u,a Kaa and Mana,ila.
Reco##endations given (or t&e #ain trace (or si#ilar situations appl.
Deposition o( eroded eart& (ro# stoc.piles o( eart& and constructed untur(ed
e#ban.#ents in -unu,ila "la; %ugadoo,a "la and in so#e o( t&e #inor irrigation
canals in Panaga#u,a and Mana,ila padd areas.

Reco##endations given (or t&e #ain trace (or si#ilar situations appl
7.3.3 :rientation (or 2ontractor and @or.ers
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@or.ers s&ould be educated o( t&e good construction practices and sa(et #easures during
construction p&ase. "special attention s&ould be given to (ollo,ing aspects.
1. Special brie(ing and G or on!site training (or t&e contractors and ,or.ers on t&e
environ#ental re<uire#ents o( t&e pro/ect.
3. Agree#ent on critical areas to be considered and necessar #itigation #easures; a#ong all
parties ,&o are involved in pro/ect activities.
D. Training on proper construction practices and ,aste disposal to be i#ple#ented Suc& as'
(i) Proper co#paction o( t&e (illings (or t&e road e#ban.#entN
(ii) I#portance o( proper construction <ualit control #easuresN
(iii) Re#oval o( so(t soil and replace#ent ,it& good <ualit #aterial to reduce
long!ter# settle#ent o( t&e road sur(ace;
(iv) Te#porar storage o( construction spoil ,it&out conta#ination o( t&e ground
,ater and ,it&out obstruction o( t&e ,ater ,as
(v) Sa(et aspects to be observed during e)cavation (or t&e road,a and #aterial
e)ploitation (eg. 7lasting; stabilit o( e)cavations etc.)
(vi) Proper disposal o( solid ,aste (ro# construction activities and labor ca#ps.
5. :rientation o( ne, ,or.ers s&ould be done on a continuous #anner..
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7.3.D @ater Bualit
T&is section describes t&e general #itigator #easures re<uired to be i#ple#ented during
t&e construction p&ase o( t&e &ig&,a pro/ect in t&e AD7 section (i.e. (inal and co#bined
trace) and Galle Port Access Road section. T&e #easures to be i#ple#ented are applicable
to bot& AD7 section and Galle Port Access Road area. It s&ould be noted t&at ,it& re(erence
to t&e #itigator #easures to be ta.en into consideration during t&e construction p&ase all
t&e relevant #itigator #easures s&ould be included in t&e contractor docu#ents; so t&at t&e
contractor is &eld responsible (or carring t&e# out during construction and on co#pletion
o( t&e ,or..
7.3.D.1 Sur(ace @ater Bualit
Propose% Meas(res to A%%ress S(rface )ater *(ality Deterioration
ADB Section an% Galle Port Access Roa% Area
As e)plained earlier in section 5.1.2.3. Sur(ace @ater Bualit ? Anticipated 2onstructional
I#pacts t&e ,ater bodies 35S@; 36S@ and 30S@ in t&e AD7 section are not sub/ect to
pollution during construction and operational p&ase o( t&e &ig&,a since t&ese ,ater bodies
see#s to be not in t&e i##ediate vicinit o( t&e &ig&,a; &ence i#ple#entation o( #a/or
#itigator #easures and #onitoring is not re<uired. Ao,ever t&e (ollo,ing #easures &ave to
be i#ple#ented in order to avoid signi(icant deterioration o( t&e ,ater bod 37S@ in t&e
(inal trace and 31S@ in t&e co#bined trace o( t&e AD7 section and t&e 3 ,ater bodies 39S@
and D4S@ in t&e Galle Port Access Road area as a conse<uence o( soil erosion; disposal o(
,aste,aters and ot&er construction activities.
T&e use o( ,eedicides and pesticides containing &ig& levels o( &eav #etals suc& as As or
organo!c&loride ric& co#pounds (,&ic& are non!biodegradable and soluble in (at tissue)
(or an vegetation clearing (or construction; (or borro,; landscaping; etc. needs to be
re(rained in order to avoid ,ater <ualit deterioration and even ground,ater and
subse<uent bioaccu#ulation in biota.
Application o( approved pesticides (i.e. pesticides not containing &a=ardous #aterial)
s&ould be stopped during rain periods and an vegetation clearing activities needs to be
carried out using #anual labor or #ac&iner as #uc& as possible.
2learing o( vegetation cover needs to be #ini#i=ed in order to avoid erosion and even
salini=ation o( ground,ater. At eac& borro, area t&e stripped vegetative top soil s&ould
be piled and respreaded to an ade<uate dept& to ensure gro,t& o( land cover to #itigate
acceleration o( sur(ace (lo,s.
7orro, o( eart& and <uarring o( roc. #aterial (or construction activities s&ould be done
onl at care(ull selected sites. In ot&er ,ords t&ese sites selected (or <uarring activities
s&ould be (ar a,a (ro# t&e ,ater bodies in order to avoid i##ediate adverse i#pacts
suc& as colour and turbidit proble#s t&at could occur during rain periods. Also t&ese
sites s&ould be (ar a,a (ro# residential areas also in order to avoid disturbing e((ects
caused b &ig& noise and vibration levels.
At all ti#es during #aterial e)ploitation; clearing; cut and (ill operations t&e re#oval o(
land cover in natural slopes s&ould not be carried out to endanger t&e e)isting slope
stabilit and subse<uent collapsing and erosion proble#s. An e)cavated slopes s&ould be
#aintained at stable angles depending on t&e tpe o( soil encountered in t&e region.
Si#ilarl it is i#perative t&at an construction activities s&ould be carried out in ot&er
locations t&at #a be susceptible to landslides; &ence severe erosion during rain periods.
:nce an area is e)ploited (or (ill #aterial it is undesirable to leave t&at land in t&e (or# o(
an undulating plane; as suc& sur(aces are o(ten sub/ect to soil erosion. -and e)ploited (or
(ill #aterial s&ould be cut into pro(iles o( (lat sur(aces leaving no over burden.
A(ter co#pletion o( e)cavation (or (ill #aterial slope s&ould be #aintained to ensure
stabilit and benc&es and drains be provided to avoid erosion and slope (ailure.
In order to prevent erosion o( sites due to e)cavation; it needs to be eit&er &ard
landscaped ,it& retaining ,alls or so(t landscaped ,it& ground cover planting. T&atc&ing
o( e)posed soil areas ,it& dead or live vegetation and even replantation o( suc& areas
,&ere possible ,it& an stripped native vegetation is reco##ended to reduce t&e
generation o( sur(ace run!o(( during rain periods; intercept rain and also to reduce dust
e#ission scenarios.
Cor t&e du#ping o( cut #aterial a te#porar storage area #ust be selected.
2ut and (ill operations s&ould not be practiced on rain das. Si#ilarl ot&er in-situ
construction activities including vegetation clearing and e)cavation ,or.s (or
(oundations; etc. s&ould not be carried out during t&e rain periods to avoid t&e generation
o( sur(ace run!o(( and &ence subse<uent color and turbidit proble#s. Ao,ever i( t&e
ti#e sc&edules o( t&e construction activities cannot be e((ectivel coincided ,it& t&e
desired ,eat&er patterns in t&e area; t&en silt traps and interceptor drains s&ould be
incorporated in t&e construction sites as #uc& as possible to prevent erosion and siltation
o( nearb ,ater bodies in bot& traces. Also #aintaining suitable sur(ace covers in t&e
vicinit o( t&e ,ater bodies covered is reco##ended to reduce t&e e((ects o( rain(all
i#pact.
It is i#perative to re(rain (ro# t&e practice o( stoc.piling o( construction #aterial and
tipping e)cavated #aterial near ,ater bodies to prevent suc& #aterial (ro# entering
t&roug& erosion or b an ot&er #eans.
Sand #ining s&ould not be underta.en in t&e rivers occurring in t&e AD7 section
since re!suspension o( (locculated particles suc& as cla #aterial could result in intense
visual pollution in ter#s o( colour and turbidit and even spread out to considerable
distances depending on ,ind and ,ater circulation patterns. Moreover t&e re!suspended
particles could result in #ec&anical in/ur and clogging o( (is& gills and &ave s#ot&ering
e((ects on bent&ic a<uatic (auna; t&oug& e((ects #a be te#porar. T&ere(ore t&e use o(
river sand s&ould be li#ited to onl ,&ere it is not possible to substitute sea sand; even
using latest available tec&ni<ues ((or all ot&er purposes; o((!s&ore sea sand s&ould be
used. Ao,ever (urt&er studies are needed to identi( t&ose locations o( sea sand #ining
and all sea sand re#oval activities &ave to be carried out in accordance to guidelines
prescribed b t&e 2oast 2onservation Depart#ent o( Sri -an.a). In t&is respect necessar
approval &as to be obtained (ro# t&e Geological Surves + Mines 7ureau under t&e
provisions o( t&e Mine and Mineral Act %o. DD o( 1993. I( designated <uantities o( sand
(ro# selected river basins are allo,ed to be e)ploited; t&en it is also i#perative t&at suc&
activities are carried in accordance to guidelines prescribed b t&e 2oastal Oone
Manage#ent Plan; Corest :rdinance; 2ro,n -and :rdinance; Proposed @estern
Provincial 2ouncil Statute on Sand Mining and 2"A.
@aste,ater (ro# asp&alt or concrete plants s&ould not be directed to soil or to t&e ,ater
bodies unless treated using pA correction and p&sicoc&e#ical treat#ent suc& t&at t&e
treated ,aste,ater <ualit con(or#s to t&e 2"A stipulated ,aste,ater standards (or
inland sur(ace ,aters. :il and grease traps #ust be provided to curtail run!o(( carring
t&e# to ,ater bodies (i( suc& plants are to be located in t&e vicinit o( ,ater bodies). Also
t&ere needs to be &eav restrictions on ,as&ing o( construction and e)cavated #aterial
transporting ve&icles and ot&er #ac&iner involved in construction ,or.s to avoid
ground,ater conta#ination and pollution o( ,ater bodies ,it& dust #aterial; oil and
&eav #etals suc& as Pb. @as&ing o( ve&icles and construction associated #ac&iner &as
to be underta.en onl at designated areas (i.e. o((!site t&e pro/ect area pre(erabl in
ve&icular ,as&ing service stations &aving ,aste,ater treat#ent plants t&at are e((ectivel
(unctioning).
To #ini#i=e oil spills during t&e construction period; all #ac&iner including dredgers
s&ould be properl and regularl #aintained. Also t&ere needs to be &eav restrictions on
(uel storage (or an #ac&iner suc& as concrete #i)ers t&at #a be re<uired (or in-situ
construction ,or.s in order to prevent conta#ination o( soil; ground,ater and sur(ace
,ater bodies. Aeav restrictions &ave to be placed particularl in areas in t&e vicinit o(
t&e ,ater bodies. An storage o( oil or oil ric& products s&ould be allo,ed to be stored
onl in cans t&at are not corroded and &ave ,ell closing lids or in sel(!contained
enclosures. T&ese cans; etc. s&ould be stored in te#porar s&eds t&at are ,ell protected
against &eav rain. >sed or ,aste oil and lubricants s&ould not be disposed or burnt and
s&ould be stored securel in (ull co#pliance ,it& t&e national and local regulations.
T&e ,or. (orce involved in t&e construction activities &ave to be provided ,it& proper
acco##odation in suitable locations &aving good sanitar and solid ,aste disposal (acilities
,it& ade<uate clean drin.ing ,ater sste#s. T&e solid ,astes collected #a be disposed to
t&e nearest sanitar land(ill or site &aving and co#pling ,it& t&e necessar per#its.
7.3.D.3 Ground @ater Bualit
Propose% Meas(res to A%%ress Gro(n%#ater *(ality Deterioration
Deep e)cavations (or (oundations particularl (or t&e bridge and culvert construction ,or.s
s&ould be avoided to avoid an alterations in ,ater table. T&e e)cavations to be done s&ould
not reac& belo, #ean sea level to avoid saline ,ater intrusion. Alternative (oundation
tec&ni<ues including s&eet piling; in/ected bentonite ,alls #a be considered under suc&
circu#stances.
To #ini#i=e oil spills during t&e construction period; #ac&iner s&ould be properl and
regularl #aintained. Also t&ere needs to be &eav restrictions on (uel storage (or an
#ac&iner suc& as concrete #i)ers t&at #a be re<uired (or in-situ construction ,or.s in
order to prevent soil and ground,ater conta#ination.
In borro, areas ,&ere t&e pro/ect does not per#it t&e green land cover to be broug&t bac.
closer to t&e previous status; it is i#perative to plant ,it& suitable native trees in t&e
surrounding area to lo,er t&e ground ,ater levels so t&at earlier levels could be #aintained.
@&erever sur(ace cover is ta#pered ,it& during t&e pro/ect activities; suitable tree planting
s&ould be carried out to ensure lo,ering t&e possibilities o( t&e land beco#ing saline due to
rise in ground,ater. Aeav de(orestation s&ould not also be allo,ed to #ini#i=e salini=ation.
@ater needed (or construction ,or.s needs to be provided to t&e sites in tan.ers or bou=ers.

7.3.5 Air Bualit
o( t&e ,or..
All dust e#issions t&at could arise during t&e constructional p&ase needs #ini#i=ation
t&roug& #easures suc& as ,etting or ,et spraing o( dust sur(aces; roads and e)posed
eart&,or. sur(aces periodicall; transporting construction and e)cavated #aterial or spoil
,it& covers; regular cleaning o( t&e site and re#oval o( e)cessive or unnecessar e)cavated
#aterial (,&ic& could be reccled to bac. (ill (oundations and (or ot&er construction ,or.s);
screening and enclosing dust ,or.ing places; and even t&atc&ing o( e)posed soil areas ,it&
live or dead vegetation. "n(orcing li#itations to speeds o( construction ve&icles carring
#aterial is anot&er #easure t&at needs to be practiced in reducing dust e#issions. Transport
t&roug& #ore in&abited areas s&ould also be avoided ,&ere possible.
2are s&ould be ta.en in stoc.piling construction #aterial suc& as ce#ent to avoid
unnecessar dust e#issions and t&e construction #aterial needs to be ade<uatel covered
against ,ind and rain. Moreover care needs to be ta.en to avoid spillage o( construction
#aterial and dust e#issions t&at occur during loading o( construction #aterial to t&e pro/ect
site.
Aggregate piles (ro# asp&alt and concrete plants #ust be .ept in places ,&ere dust and
i#purities are #ini#u#. @atering o( stoc. piles o( sand and coarse aggregates s&ould be
carried out to avoid dust e#issions. >se o( ce#ent silos in &ig& elevations and t&e use o( dust
collectors especiall (abric bag (ilters ,&erever possible needs to be practiced. 2oncrete and
asp&alt (acilities s&ould be up,ind o( sensitive receptors (e.g. residential areas and sc&ools) a
#ini#u# o( 644 # and do,n,ind o( sensitive receptors #ini#u# 144 #.
During t&e construction p&ase it is also i#perative t&at t&e ve&icles and t&e #ac&iner to be
used are regularl and ,ell #aintained in order to avoid s#o.e e#issions. T&e s&all be
(itted in (ull co#pliance ,it& t&e national and local regulations (%ational "nviron#ental Air
"#issions Cuel and Fe&icle Standards ".:. Ga=ette 11D7GD6 o( *une 3444; updates b air
e#issions (uel and ve&icle standards (i#portation standards) 1301G11 Dece#ber 3443 and
1396G11 *une 344D)
7.3.6 %oiseGGround Fibration
o( t&e ,or..
During t&e construction p&ase operation o( an &ig& noise generating e<uip#ent s&ould be
restricted onl during dati#e. Percussion (pile driving) operations s&ould be avoided in
sensitive areas unless geotec&nical conditions re<uire t&is #et&od to be used. Aa##er tpe
pile driving operations s&ould be restricted to da ti#e.
T&e ve&icles to be used (or t&e construction p&ase needs to be regularl and ,ell #aintained
in order to avoid generation o( signi(icant noise levels also. Curt&er t&e #ac&iner to be used
(or t&e construction p&ase s&ould be regularl and ,ell #aintained to avoid irritating noise
levels ,&ic& #a include &u#s. Cor e)a#ple gear noise can be reduced b e)a#ining t&eir
teet& and (iling &ig& spots and b c&ec.ing t&e dept& o( engage#ent. Si#ilarl proper
lubrication o( t&e #oving parts o( t&e #ac&iner in contact ,ill reduce noise due to (riction.
@&erever possible atte#pts s&ould be #ade to #a.e use o( lo, noise generating #ac&iner.
7asicall all &eav e<uip#ent and #ac&iner s&ould be (itted in (ull co#pliance ,it& t&e
national and local regulations (")tra :rdinar Ga=ette %o. 935G13 Ma 1990 a#ended b
".:. Ga=ette 9D7G7 April 1999). Also proper tra((ic #anage#ent practices needs to be
i#ple#ented during o( transport o( #aterials; including <uarr #aterial in order to reduce
tra((ic noise.
@it& re(erence to t&e siting o( asp&alt and concrete plants; proper site planning toget&er ,it&
noise abate#ent #easures s&ould be practiced to reduce air!borne noise trans#ission.
2oncrete and asp&alt (acilities s&ould be up,ind o( sensitive receptors (e.g. residential areas
and sc&ools) a #ini#u# o( 644 # and do,n,ind o( sensitive receptors #ini#u# 144 #.
@it& re(erence to blasting activities ne,l developed blasting #et&ods s&ould be used
,&erever possible in order to reduce vibration e((ects on nearb structures. T&is #a include
special controlled vibrationless tec&ni<ues to avoid an da#age to e)isting buildings
including &ouses in t&e urbani=ed areas in bot& sections. Alternatel blasting activities could
be carried out using t&e nor#al tec&ni<ues i( t&ere is a possibilit o( using ne,l developed
blasting #et&ods. Ao,ever under suc& circu#stances blasting s&ould be done at regular
intervals and it is essential to #a.e people a,are about t&e places; dates and ti#es o(
blasting. Reasonable co#pensation s&ould also be given to an propert ,&ic& is da#aged b
blasting. Curt&er it is i#perative to carr out a care(ul continuous #onitoring o( nearb
building structures particularl in t&e urbani=ed areas to investigate an instabilit or da#age
(ollo,ing blasting. In ot&er ,ords regular #onitoring o( vibration levels in nearb building
structures is o( para#ount i#portance and special attention s&ould also be paid to t&e
develop#ent o( crac.s and crevices in nearb building structures.
Ao,ever t&e use o( e)plosives s&ould be strictl controlled or pro&ibited to avoid signi(icant
i#pacts on nearb structures especiall in t&e urbani=ed areas o( t&e road traces. Also t&e
sites o( <uarries s&ould not be close to transport routes and residential areas.
In addition to continuous #onitoring o( nearb building structures (or an instabilit or
da#age (ollo,ing blasting activities; t&ere needs to be an intensive #onitoring o( noise
levels especiall in nearb noise sensitive areas. I( predicted noise levels near noise sensitive
areas are e)cessive; t&en provision o( noise barriers is necessar (or t&ese locations.
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7.3.0 Soil "rosionGSur(ace Run!o((
Main Trace
2&ange o( t&e runo(( pattern on t&e cleared road trace as t&e vegetal cover &as been
denuded and t&e underling soil e)posed
T&e i#pact is s&ort ter# and once t&e tur(ing and road paving activities are started t&is
i#pact ,ill be #itigated.
>ndesirable stripped soils suc& as peat soils are piled ad/acent to t&e road trace and
because o( t&e intense rain t&ese soils gets ,as&ed o(( to t&e ad/acent lo, ling padd
areas.
All precautions s&ould be ta.en to avoid eroded soils invading t&e padd areas as (ar#ers are
a((ected. T&e i#pact could be #itigated i( t&e e#ban.#ents are properl co#pacted ,it&out
leaving loose soil in t&e open. Additional drains could be e)cavated to trap t&e silts so t&at t&e
soils ,ill not get ,as&ed o(( to t&e padd areas. T&ese are &ig&l site speci(ic issues and t&e
s&ould be addressed a(ter properl studing t&e site conditions
Peat soils s&ould not be .ept in t&e open areas ad/acent to t&e padd (ields. Peat soils once
e)cavated s&ould be i##ediatel transported to pre designated soil du#ps. All te#porar
peat soil du#ps s&ould be covered ,it& t&ic. polt&ene s&eets to #itigate te#porar
erosion.
Ponding o( ,ater upstrea# o( culverts because o( no leada,a connections
As #entioned earlier all culverts s&ould be properl connected to t&e do,nstrea# leada,a
drains.
So#e culvert openings &ave directl been connected to t&e padd area ,it&out being
connected to a do,nstrea# ,ater pat&.
As stated above culverts s&ould be properl connected to t&e do,nstrea# ,ater pat&s to
ensure drainage continuit.
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Galle Port Access Road
Sur(ace runo(( and t&e resulting soil erosion could cause nu#erous construction related
proble#s and environ#ental issues suc& as destroing t&e agricultural crops including tea and
padd. T&ere(ore; (ollo,ing #itigation #easures s&ould be i#ple#ented during t&e
construction p&ase'
1. 2onstruction sites (including borro, and disposal sites) s&ould be graded to original
contours; re!vegetated; and co#pacted properl in accordance ,it& design speci(ications
3. 2ut areas and stoc.piles ,ill be con(igured to #aintain stabilit o( t&e slopes.
D. Te#porar or per#anent drainage ,or.s s&all be installed and #aintained to #ini#i=e
erosion.
5. T&e 2ontractor s&ould consult Ag. Societies; Ag. Aut&orities in t&e area to solicit input on
#itigation #easures.
6. Stabili=ing vegetation to be planted and #aintained in a continuousGongoing #anner
0. -arge scale nurseries s&ould be located ,it& access to good suppl o( ,ater (or t&e care
and storage o( appropriate vegetation to be re!used on site.
7. >se o( te#porar or per#anent drainage sste#s to collect ,ater co#ing to t&e slope and
drain out ,it&out causing soil erosion.
1. 2onstruction activities suc& as site clearing; cut + (ill and #aterial e)ploitation s&ould be
planned during dr periods o( t&e ear. Ao,ever; i( it is not possible to carr out t&ese
operations during dr periods; silt traps and interceptor drains s&ould be provided.
7.3.7 Stabilit o( Slopes
Stabilit o( slopes o( t&e sides o( t&e e)cavation (or t&e road,a is a ver i#portant
consideration (or a road trace running t&roug& &ill and undulating terrain. T&ere(ore;
(ollo,ing #easures s&ould be adopted to reduce t&e possibilit o( slope (ailures.
1. :riginal designs s&ould be revie,ed in lig&t ,it& t&e ne, subsur(ace in(or#ation gat&ered
during e)cavation (or t&e road,a.
3. Increase o( t&e elevation o( t&e &eig&t o( t&e ,ater table; due to natural or #an#ade
reasons; at t&e top o( t&e slope s&ould be #onitored.
D. Additional -oading at t&e top o( t&e slope outside t&e R:@; due to construction o( ne,
structures etc.; s&ould be avoided
5. Si#ilarl unloading at t&e toe o( t&e slope even out side t&e R:@ could reduce t&e (actor
o( sa(et o( (ill slopes against stabilit.
6. Monitor ot&er indications o( slope instabilit suc& as' settle#ent o( t&e top o( t&e slope;
crac.ing o( t&e surrounding area including t&e road sur(ace; appearance o( springs at t&e
botto# o( t&e slope and elevation o( t&e ground,ater table near t&e top o( t&e slope
0. Gro,ing a suitable vegetation cover to #ini#i=e in(iltration o( sur(ace ,ater into t&e slope
and binding o( t&e subsur(ace soil ,it& t&e root net,or. o( suc& vegetation.
7. Provision o( ade<uate drainage (acilities to drain out ,ater (ro# suc& slopes ,it&out
in(iltration and sur(ace erosion.
7.3.1 Settle#ent and ground subsidence
Post construction settle#ent o( t&e road,a ,ill re<uire considerable a#ount o( road
#aintenance ,or.. T&ere(ore; (ollo,ing (actors s&ould be considered during construction
stage (or #ini#i=ation o( post construction road #aintenance due to settle#ent and ground
subsidence.
1. Proper construction practices and <ualit control progra##e during construction o( t&e
road e#ban.#ent over lo,!ling areas.
3. Ade<uate co#paction o( t&e (ill portions o( t&e cut + (ill sections to avoid large di((erential
settle#ent o( t&e (ill portion o( t&e cut + (ill sections.
3. Proper i#ple#entation o( t&e ground i#prove#ent #et&ods suc& as co#plete re#oval o(
t&e co#pressible so(t organic soil laers during replace#ent and ade<uate co#paction o( t&e
(ill.
D. Monitoring o( t&e settle#ent and pore ,ater pressure o( t&e pre!loaded sections to ensure
t&at t&e long ter# settle#ent o( t&e road sur(ace is ,it&in tolerable li#its.
7.3.9 ")ploitation Aandling; Transportation and Storage o( 2onstruction
Materials
I#proper e)ploitation; &andling; transportation and storage o( construction #aterial could
&ave so#e adverse e((ects on t&e surrounding environ#ent. T&ere(ore; (ollo,ing #itigation
#easures are proposed'
1. ")ploitation o( t&e construction #aterial and t&e subse<uent usage s&ould be planned in
suc& a ,a to #ini#i=e #aterial in te#porar storageN
3. Sites to be used as te#porar storage s&ould be selected on relativel (lat land ,ell a,a
(ro# drin.ing ,ater sources ,it&out obstructing natural drainage pattern o( t&e neig&bor&ood
area
D. @&en e)cavated #aterial ,it&in t&e trace are used as (ill #aterial; proper planning and
#anage#ent o( cut and (ill operations s&ould be practiced to #ini#i=e distance o( transport
and t&e volu#e o( #aterial in te#porar storage. 7e(ore t&e beginning o( t&e construction;
t&e cut sections and t&e corresponding (ill sections s&ould be #ar.ed on a #ap (or t&e entire
trace considering t&e distance o( transport; easiness o( transport; construction process etc.
5. Material generation and usage #ap; #entioned above; s&ould be regularl revised
depending on t&e progress o( construction
6. -icense (or borro, pits #ust be obtained (ro# t&e GS+M7 (or all #ining activities suc&
as <uarries and borro, pits.
0. To prevent dust blo,ing (ro# open!topped -orries; it is necessar to ensure t&at t&e loads
are covered; ,&en transported.
7. During dr periods it is necessar to da#pen t&e e)posed areas and t&e access roads at
regular intervals to prevent e#ission o( dust.
1. %ecessar approval s&all be obtained (ro# 2"A and t&e relevant -ocal Aut&orit (or t&e
operation o( t&e #etal crus&ers prior to co##ence#ent o( operations
9. @&en e)ploited roc.s ,it&in t&e trace are used to produce coarse and (ine aggregates;
<uarr sites s&ould be selected considering t&e location o( t&e predicted availabilit o( t&e
roc. and distance o( transport apart (ro# ot&er environ#ental issues suc& as e#ission o(
dust; noise and vibration.
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7.3.14 Spoil and 2onstruction @aste Disposal
o( t&e ,or..
Soli% )aste Mana!ement Tec'ni+(es
Solid ,astes s&ould not be disposed on t&e sides o( t&e road and an debris s&all not be le(t
a(ter construction ,or.s is co#plete since it #a be carried a,a b ,ater. -ocations o( sites
(or disposal o( spoil and ot&er construction ,astes and recla#ation needs to be care(ull
selected. It s&ould be noted t&at t&e reccling potential o( so#e o( t&e construction generated
,astes suc& as roc. #aterial; e)cess concrete and bric.s is good. T&ere(ore atte#pts s&ould
be #ade to trade o(( or sell suc& ,astes to relevant sta.e&olders. Cor e)a#ple concrete and
bric.s could be grinded up to #a.e aggregates re<uired in road repairs. Si#ilarl t&e
e)cavated #aterial suc& as sand could be reccled to bac. (ill (oundations and (or ot&er
construction ,or.s. Alternatel e)cavated soil #aterial could be used as dail covering and
(inal capping #aterial (or sanitar land(ills or trade o(( to t&e &orticulture industr. T&e
e)cavated peat #aterial s&ould not be le(t in t&e construction area or disposed to ,ater bodies
or le(t near ,ater bodies in order to avoid acidi(ication and &ardness proble#s in sur(ace
,aters and ground,ater during periods o( rain; but #a be du#ped in padd (ields provided
ade<uate drainage (acilities are supplied. Alternatel t&e peat #aterial #a be traded o(( to
t&e agricultural or &orticulture or gardening related industr and to sta.e&olders ,&o could
cut and dr t&e peat #aterial to #a.e (uel t&at burns or t&e peat #aterial #a be used (or t&e
construction o( noise barriers.
All scrap #aterials suc& as cables; #etal structures; steel ,ires; insulators involved in po,er
line construction ,or.s needs re#oval a(ter construction ,or.s and atte#pts be #ade to
evaluate t&eir reccling potential.
-e(t!overs including ,aste,ater treat#ent plant sludges (ro# asp&alt and concrete plants
s&ould be du#ped onl in pre!deter#ined places ,&ic& do not disturb public; a<uatic and
terrestrial biodiversit. %evert&eless t&ese le(t over #aterial needs to be sa(el disposed in
accordance to guidelines on disposal o( conta#inated #aterial and it is reco##ended to carr
out t&e >S "nviron#ental Protection Agenc (>S"PA) prescribed to)icit c&aracteristics
leac&ing protocol (T2-P) test prior to disposal. @&erever possible options s&ould be
evaluated in trading o(( t&e le(t over #aterial (or t&e construction industr. Cor e)a#ple
petroleu# ,aste,ater treat#ent plant sludges #a be utili=ed (or t&e #anu(acturing o(
#asonr bric.s (Sengupta et al.; 3443).
All #unicipal solid ,astes produced b t&e ,or. (orce s&ould be #anaged in accordance to
t&e principles o( #unicipal solid ,aste #anage#ent ,it& special e#p&asis on segregation
(separation) o( recclables (ro# biodegradable #aterial; ,&ic& could be sold to t&e
co#posting industr to #a.e soil (ertili=er or incinerated a(ter su((icient sun dring.
Alternatel arrange#ents #a be #ade ,it& -ocal Aut&orities in order to dispose o( t&e
collected ,astes provided t&e collected ,aste #aterial is ,ell segregated.
SAMA%$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
It is e)pected t&at a large <uantit o( ,aste #aterial ,ill be generated ,it&in t&e pro/ect area
due to construction activities. Te#porar storage places s&ould be selected (or collection o(
t&e spoil and construction ,aste be(ore transporting t&e# to per#anent disposal sites.
Collo,ing aspects s&ould be considered in selecting te#porar and per#anent spoil and
construction ,aste disposal sites'
1. :pti#u# nu#ber o( te#porar construction ,aste disposal sites s&ould be selected along
t&e trace considering t&e distribution o( generation o( construction ,aste along t&e trace
3. Depending on t&e volu#e o( construction ,aste in te#porar ,aste disposal sites and t&e
capacit o( t&e per#anent ,aste disposal sites; per#anent ,aste disposal sites s&ould be
selected to dispose ,aste (ro# one or #ore te#porar ,aste disposal sites. In practice;
construction ,aste (ro# t&e original location could be directl transported to per#anent
,aste disposal sites ,it&out .eeping it in te#porar storageN
D. Te#porar and per#anent ,aste disposal sites s&ould be located on relativel (lat lands to
#ini#i=e sur(ace erosion and slope stabilit proble#s. T&ose sites s&ould be located ,ell
a,a (ro# t&e drin.ing ,ater sources.
5. Te#porar construction ,aste disposal sites s&ould be located in suc& a #anner not to
obstruct natural ground ,ater (lo, resulting stagnation o( ,ater
6. 2onstruction ,aste consisting o( peat soil; placed in per#anent du#p sites; s&ould be
covered ,it& a suitabl selected soil cap to avoid e)posure to rain ,aster and a grass cover
s&ould be #aintained on t&e e)posed sur(ace o( suc& soil caps to avoid erosion..
0. Peat soils are &ig&l co#pressible and &ave ver lo, s&ear strengt& para#eters.
T&ere(ore; stabilit o( t&e e)posed slopes o( t&e per#anent ,aste disposal sites s&ould &ave a
reasonabl &ig& (actor o( sa(et against (ailure under t&e #ost critical condition
7. Anticipated or alread planned (uture develop#ents o( t&e surrounding area s&ould be
considered in location o( t&e per#anent construction ,aste disposal sites
1. I( a 1 ? 3# t&ic. laer o( inorganic soils could be placed over disposed peat soils at
per#anent du#psites; t&e underling &ig&l co#pressible peat soils ,ill be co#pressed and
i#proved.
9. Transportation o( peat soils i##ediatel a(ter e)cavation s&ould be avoided; as t&e
li<uid nature o( suc& ,aste at t&at stage ,ill pollute t&e environ#ent due to spilling during
transportation. Suc& #aterial s&ould be .ept in te#porar storage at near b places be(ore
transporting to distant per#anent storage sites.
7.3.11 @or. 2a#p :peration and -ocation
@or. ca#ps s&ould be located at selected places to reduce t&e i#pact on t&e environ#ent
during operation o( suc& ca#ps. Collo,ing #itigation #easures are suggested (or operation
and location o( ,or. ca#ps'
1. Identi( location o( ,or. ca#ps in consultation ,it& Gra#a %ilad&aries (G%s). T&e
location s&all be sub/ected to approval b t&e RDA. I( possible; ca#ps s&all not be located
near settle#ents or near drin.ing ,ater suppl inta.es.
3. 2utting o( trees s&all be avoided and re#oval o( vegetation s&all be #ini#i=ed.
D. Avoid; as #uc& as possible; use o( sloping lands (or ,or. ca#ps to avoid re#oval o(
vegetation cover on sloping lands to #ini#i=e soil erosion and slope stabilit proble#s.
5. @ater and sanitar (acilities s&all be provided (or e#ploees.
6. Solid ,aste and se,age s&all be #anaged according to t&e national and local regulations.
As a rule; solid ,aste #ust not be du#ped; buried or burned at or near t&e pro/ect site; but
s&all be disposed o( to t&e nearest sanitar land(ill or site &aving and co#pling ,it& t&e
necessar per#its.
0. T&e 2ontractor s&all organi=e and #aintain a ,aste separation; collection and transport
sste#.
7. T&e 2ontractor s&all docu#ent t&at all li<uid and solid &a=ardous and non!&a=ardous ,aste
are separated; collected and disposed o( according to t&e given re<uire#ents and regulations.
1. At t&e conclusion o( t&e pro/ect; all debris and ,aste s&all be re#oved. All te#porar
structures; including o((ice buildings; s&elters and toilets s&all be re#oved.
9. ")posed areas s&all be planted ,it& suitable vegetation.
14. T&e RDA and Supervising "ngineer s&all inspect and report t&at t&e ca#p &as been
vacated and restored to pre!pro/ect conditions.
7.3.13 -oss o( Fegetation 2over o( t&e Areas (or Te#porar @or. Space
MAA"SA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
T&e (ollo,ing #easures &ave to be i#ple#ented.
2learing o( green sur(ace cover (or construction; (or borro, or (or develop#ent; cutting
trees and ot&er i#portant vegetation &as to be #ini#i=ed.
-andscaping and road verges to be acco#plis&ed in continuousGongoing #anner.
Planting o( native treesGs&rubs and orna#ental plants to contribute to t&e aest&etic value
o( t&e area and co#pensate (or t&e lost capabilit o( t&e area to absorb 2:
3
and arrest dust
particles in t&e air.
At t&e conclusion o( t&e pro/ect; all debris and ,aste &as to be re#oved.
All te#porar structures; including o((ice buildings; s&elters and toilets s&ould be re#oved.
S>SIRA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
a) Main Trace
2learing o( green sur(ace cover (or construction and areas (or
te#porar ,or. spaces; (or borro, or (or develop#ent s&ould be piled and respreaded to an
ade<uate dept& to ensure gro,t& o( land cover to #itigate accelation o( sur(ace (lo,s
During t&e construction (ollo,ing #itigation #easures can be identi(ed
L T&e stripped areas ot&er t&an t&ose designated to be void o( trees s&ould be replanted ,it&
proper trees to ensure proper run o((
L Select t&e #ost suitable places (or #aterial storage and te#porar ,or. space site.
@&en ever sur(ace cover is te#pered ,it& during t&e pro/ect activities suitable tree planting
s&ould be carried out to ensure lo,ering t&e probabilit o( land be co#ing loss o( (ortilit
landscaping and road verges planting o( indigenous and ende#ic trees G s&rubs ground covers
contribute to t&e astatic value o( t&e area and co#pensate (or t&e lost capabilit o( t&e area to
absorb carbon dio)ide.
All te#porar structures including o((ice buildings; s&elters; toilets and e)tra &ard #aterial
s&all be re#oved.
Galle port access
Sa#e #itigation #easures are relevant Galle Port Access vegetation cover o( t&e area (or
te#porar ,or. spaces. 7ut t&e degree o( e((ectiveness is di((erent due to lo,
environ#ental i#pacts.
MAA-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
,a- Main Trace
In terrestrial areas ,&ere vegetation &as been re#oved can be replanted ,it& tree species
suitable (or ,et =one. S&ade trees are pre(erable (or t&e edges o( t&e &ig&,a ,&ile (ruit and
ti#ber trees #a be used (or t&e ot&er areas.
,&- Galle Port Access Roa%
Appropriate treesG plants can be introduced to suc& areas to re!vegetate t&e#.
SAMA%$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.3.1D Sa(et Precautions (or t&e @or.ers and General Public
Collo,ing sa(et aspects s&ould be (ollo,ed during t&e construction p&ase o( t&e pro/ect.
1. Ade<uate ,arning signs; barriers and lig&ting as appropriate s&ould be provided at t&e
construction sites
3. "special sa(et #easures suc& as road &u#ps and tra((ic diversion during construction
s&ould be adopted at locations ,&ere e)isting roads cross t&e trace.
D. Access o( general public to t&e construction sites s&ould be controlled
3. Providing ,or.ers ,it& s.ull guard or &ard &at
D. T&e 2ontractor s&all instruct &is ,or.ers in &ealt& and sa(et #atters; and re<uire t&e
,or.ers to use t&e provided sa(et e<uip#ent.
5. "stablis& all relevant sa(et #easures as re<uired b la, and good engineering practice
7.3.15 Salini=ation
1. As t&e ground level is lo,ered due to e)cavation (or t&e road ,a and e)ploitation o( t&e
construction #aterial; t&e ground ,ater table ,ill be lo,ered increasing t&e salinit level o(
t&e ground ,ater.
D. De(orestation #ust be discouraged to retard t&e process o( salini=ation.
5. T&e proper design o( &draulic and irrigation structures s&ould be adopted to curtail
(or#ation o( stagnant ,ater bodies; ,&ic& #a cause elevated levels o( salinit
MAA-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
a- Main Trace
I#pact due to leac&ing o( salt (ro# sea sand t&at #ig&t be used (or (illing can be #ini#i=ed
t&roug& t&e use o( ,as&ed sand (or t&e purpose.
Salini=ation o( soils beond t&e Galle Port Access Road (nort&ern side) is predicted i( t&e
area is insu((icientl (lus&ed due to construction o( t&e road across t&e drainage (lo, (ro# its
i##ediate catc&#ent. 2ulverts t&at allo, #a)i#u# (lus&ing and least obstruction to natural
drainage could #ini#i=e t&e e((ect.
7.3.16 I#pact on @etlands
,a- Main Trace
T&e i#pact o( construction o( bridges etc. on rivers and strea#s is te#porar and t&at too
could be #ini#i=ed t&roug& proper drainage (acilities and #easures to #ini#i=e soil erosion
(ro# e)posed sur(aces. Since trace does not traverses over large tracts o( natural ,etlands;
including (res&,ater ,etlands; estuaries and lagoons; but abandoned padd (ields in #ost
occasions; t&e i#pact on ,etlands b and large is #ini#al. Mitigation o( i#pacts t&ere(ore; is
less relevant in t&is conte)t.
T&is road trace traverses along t&e nort& ,estern boundar o( t&e #angrove area at Magalla;
across t&e strea#s t&at drain its i##ediate catc&#ent. Since (res&,ater input to a #angrove
area is as i#portant as t&e tidal e((ect (or its survival; it is vital to #aintain t&e (res&,ater
input to t&is #angrove area. 2ulverts o( appropriate si=e and nu#ber t&at (ul(ill t&is
re<uire#ent s&ould be incorporated in t&e construction design.
0.3.10 7io!Diversit
,a- Main trace
Speed reductions #a be appropriate to protect t&e (airl large but (rag#ented peacoc.
population t&at in&abits t&e area bet,een 65L444 and 60L444; and appears to cross t&e
&ig&,a.
*I%APA-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.3.17 Social and Socio "cono#ic I#pacts
ADB & GPAR
Displacement of people
T&e RDA &as been #a.ing all atte#pts to reduce t&e nu#ber o( (a#ilies t&at ,ill &ave
negative i#pacts due to various pro/ect interventions. As a result o( suc& atte#pts #ade
t&roug& various studies t&e nu#ber o( (a#ilies to be displaced ,as broug&t do,n to 071 at
t&e present condition. All t&ese 071 (a#ilies &ave been no, resettled under t,o #itigator
#easures alread i#ple#ented.
2reating RDA sponsored resettle#ent sites and resettled 334 (a#ilies
Given opportunities (or t&e (a#ilies ,&o ,anted to select t&eir o,n locations (or
resettle#ent and get resettled ,it& t&eir o,n initiatives (561 (a#ilies).
T&e policies suggested on involuntar resettle#ent b t&e govern#ent o( Sri -an.a and
AD78s policies on involuntar resettle#ent ,ere (ollo,ed b t&e RDA in t&e ,&ole
resettle#ent process. T&e RDA &as obtained t&e services o( various parties to assist t&e
resettle#ent process beside t&e activities o( its o,n pro/ect sta((.
About 3949 (a#ilies in total &ad various i#pacts and all o( t&e# &ave been co#pensated
according to t&e Sri -an.en govern#ent and AD78s policies and guidelines on social i#pact
#anage#ent (ra#e ,or.. :ut o( 3949 (a#ilies 711 &ouses (p&sical structures) &ad negative
i#pacts and t&e all ,ere de#olis&ed (or allo,ing t&e road construction ,or.s to ta.e place.
:nl 071 o( 711 &ouses ,ere occupied b people and t&ere(ore; t&e ,ere relocated. T&e
ot&er 54 &ouses a((ected ,ere /ust p&sical structures partiall constructed or not occupied b
people. T&e o,ners o( t&ese 54 &ouses ,ere given co#pensation alt&oug& t&ere ,as no need
to relocate people (but t&e structures ,ere de#olis&ed to ac<uire lands to carr out pro/ect
construction ,or.). T&e tpes o( properties a((ected and t&e nature co#pensation paid to
t&e# are su##ari=ed in table 9.
Table 9! T&e tpes o( p&sical properties a((ected and t&e nature o( co#pensation paid to
t&e#.
Type of properties Compensation paca!e
Di((erent tpes o( land 2o#pensation based on t&e #ar.et values
o( di((erent categor o( lands;
2o#pensation to t&e crops.
A((ected &ouses Paid co#pensation (or all. 334 (a#ilies
,ere provided ,it& resettle#ent sites and
&elped to build &ouses. T&e cost o( t&e land
and ne, &ouses ,ere paid b t&e a((ected
(a#ilies out o( t&e a#ount paid to t&e# b
RDA as co#pensation. T&e certain
co##on (acilities suc& as electricit; ,ater;
access and so on ,ere provided b RDA
(ro# its resettle#ent (unds. >ntil RDA
provided ne, &ouses t&e a((ected (a#ilies
,ere given #one (or renting &ouses.
Anot&er 561 (a#ilies ,&o ,anted to
resettle in t&eir o,n locations ,ere paid
co#pensation and Anot&er additional
allo,ance (Rs. 144444 (or eac& (a#il) to
get resettled b t&e#selves. All t&e a((ected
(a#ilies ,&o ,ere to be resettled ,ere
given s&i(ting allo,ances to transport t&eir
belonging to ne, places.
2o##ercial establis&#ents So#e o( t&e (a#ilies a#ong 071 ,ere
s#all business &olders and t&e ,are given
additional #one to co#pensate t&e
inco#e t&e &ad to (orgo during
resettle#ent period. T&is group ,as also
paid all ot&er tpes o( co#pensation given
to ot&er a((ected &ouse &olders suc& as
&ouse rent; s&i(ting allo,ances and so on.
At t&e (ocus group discussions &eld b t&e consultant ,it& t&e a((ected and alread resettled
co##unities t&e participants e)pressed (ollo,ing vie,s on t&e resettle#ent process t&e &ad
under gone'
Positi"e "ie#s$
T&e a((ected (a#ilies ,ere given uni(or# si=e o( lands in t&e RDA initiated
resettle#ent sites ( 34 perc& to eac& (a#il)
T&e in(rastructure (acilities re<uired to t&e resettle#ent sites (access; electricit and
,ater) ,ere provided b t&e RDA in addition to t&e co#pensation paid to t&e a((ected
properties.
T&e values assessed and reco##ended b t&e valuation sta(( ,ere paid to t&e a((ected
properties ( land and &ouses)
Some %re# &acs of t'e resettlement process accor%in! to t'e comm(nities$
T&ere are so#e proble#s re#aining to be solved in resettle#ent sites ( land
develop#ent)
So#e resettle#ent sites &ave not been given drin.ing ,ater (acilities et. (In so#e
sites t&e capacit o( t&e ,ater suppl sc&e#es is not ade<uate to cater t&e ,&ole
(a#ilies resettled).
So#e (a#ilies are o( t&e opinion t&at location o( settle#ent sites and also t&e land
lots given to t&e# are not t&e pre(erred ones b t&e# ( T&e opinion o( so#e resettled
(a#ilies not all)
T&e all suggested t&at i( active participation o( t&e a((ected parties ,ere soug&t in t&e entire
resettle#ent process to i#ple#ent it ,ould &ave been able to raise t&e satis(action o( t&e
co##unities

T&e pro/ect developer plaed so#e roles in post resettle#ent actions ,it& t&e co##unities
resettled in RDA sponsored sites. T&e a((ected co##unities ,ere provided ,it& training on
entrepreneurs&ip develop#ent and ot&er liveli&ood reestablis&#ent activities. T&e 2entral
7an. training sta(( provided suc& training. A develop#ent credit progra# ,as initiated to use
as revolving (unds to start inco#e generation activities.
T&e resettle#ent process s&ould not be /ust con(ined to relocation o( a((ected people in
anot&er location. A ,ell designed progra# s&ould be i#ple#ented in t&e post ?resettle#ent
p&ase to assist t&e a((ected people to reestablis& t&eir disturbed liveli&ood sste#s using
ade<uate co#pensation paid under t&e pro/ect. :t&er,ise t&ere can be pat&etic cases t&at
so#e &ouse&olders #a spend t&eir ,&ole #one (or unnecessar t&ings and get into
sorro,(ul conditions o( t&eir lives. T&e post ?resettle#ent actions also #a not be con(ined
onl to t&e co##unities resettled in RDA sponsored sites. Actions #a be launc&ed to
#onitor t&e process (ollo,ed b t&e co##unities ,&o &ave resettled ,it& t&eir o,n
initiatives. T&oug& t&e RDA #a not be legall bound to pa t&eir attentions to t&ese aspects
,e reco##end t&at it ,ould be a social obligation o( t&e pro/ect developers to veri( t&e
situation o( t&e co##unities a((ected due to develop#ent actions i#ple#ented (or t&e bene(it
o( t&e countr as ,&ole not (or creating speci(ic bene(its to t&e a((ected co##unities.
A7"K@I2ERAMA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
1. Agricultural Productivit o( t&e lands bordering t&e proposed road; especiall t&e padd
lands; is li.el to (all during t&e construction period due to soil erosion. T&ere(ore; t&e
contractor s&ould be as.ed to adopt #easures t&at #ini#i=e soil erosion during t&e
construction period in order to prevent an loss o( value due to reduced agricultural
productivit. :t&er,ise t&e (ar#ers s&ould pa a substantial a#ount (or t&eir da#ages.
(Rs. 164.44 per perc& o( co#plete loss o( cultivated padd land and Rs. 64.44 per perc&
(or not so,ing (7ut land preparation &as been done) due to proble#s occurred ,it&
construction activities o( &ig&,a.
3. Since tea is particularl vulnerable to dust ,&ic& #a cause degradation o( <ualit; t&e
contractor s&ould ensure t&at dust e#erging (ro# various operations and #oving
ve&icles t&at carr soil is .ept to a #ini#u# b ta.ing proper precautions in &andling
cut and (ill operations ,it&in t&e vicinit o( tea lands.
D. Provision o( drainage (acilities beco#es ver i#portant in lo, ling lands because ,ater
logging; especiall in padd lands bordering t&e proposed road #a cause serious losses
in ields. T&ere(ore; proper drainage structures s&ould be constructed to avoid an losses
in agricultural output.
5. @&enever t&e construction o( t&e proposed road lead to division o( (ertile agricultural
land; it is necessar to adopt #easures t&at preserve t&e productivit o( bloc.s o( divided
land. :ne o( t&e strategies t&at can be adopted to preserve t&e productivit o( t&e divided
bloc.s o( (ertile agricultural land is to provide access to suc& lands (ro# close b
overpasses or underpasses (b constructing s#all access roads) i( invest#ent on suc&
#eans o( access is unli.el to e)ceed t&e e)pected social bene(its.
6. It is o( para#ount i#portance to provide t&e people ,it& access to agricultural lands;
,or. places and #ar.ets b constructing overpasses or underpasses across t&e proposed
road (,&ic& ,ill &elp preserve t&e e)isting road net ,or. too). Ket; people #a still (ind
proble#s o( access during t&e construction period. T&ere(ore; t&e contractor #ust #a.e
sure t&at &e provides t&e people ,it& te#porar #eans o( access to land and ,or. places
in order to avoid suc& s&ort ter# negative i#pacts on t&e societ.
0. @&en ac<uisition o( land leads to displace#ent o( people belonging to various
e#plo#ent categories; precautions ,ill &ave to be ta.en in relocating t&e# once
relocation sites are identi(ied. Relocation #a bring in additional bene(its to so#e
e#ploees and additional costs to t&e ot&ers; depending on (actors suc& as t&e status o(
(actor #ar.ets; product #ar.ets; in(rastructure (acilities; access to ,or. places; etc.
T&ere(ore; in relocating people; it is necessar to get t&e proper consent o( t&e people
a((ected in order to avoid an un(oreseen social costs i#posed on so#e e#ploees.
7. As a #easure o( e<uit; t&ose ,&o lost e#plo#ent due to t&e pro/ect and see.
e#plo#ent s&ould be given additional ,eig&ts ,&en various vacancies (or e#plo#ent
are (illed ,it&in t&e a((ected areas.
1. >se o( contractors8 o,n access roads (or transporting #aterials instead o( using
e)isting rural roads in t&e area.
9. Avoid rain seasons in eart& ,or. closer to padd lands and ,ater bodies in order
prevent (ro# #oving soil t&roug& run o(( ,ater
14 Appropriate soil conserving structures to prevent #ove#ent o( soil to ad/oining
lands.
11. ")cavated peat and bogg soils s&ould not be du#ped closer to padd (ields and
,ater bodies as acidic conditions created due to o)idi=ation o( peat #a be
&ar#(ul to padd cultivations and a<uatic resources.
13. In t&e areas tea and vegetable; green belts s&ould be #aintained to protect t&e crops (ro
dust and various (or#s o( to)ic substances o( ve&icular e#issions.
1D. >se o( appropriate structures to protect t&e surrounding lands (ro# t&e soil transported
,it& runo(( ,ater.
15. In %ugadu,a area o( t&e GAR; it is reco##ended to use appropriate #easures to
#aintain t&e <ualit o( ,ater in coconut!&us.!pits in order to protect t&e e#plo#ent
opportunities o( t&e people in coir industr.
PPG$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.3.11 Institutional Strengt&ening and 2apacit 7uilding
%ot&ing to include
7.D During :peration (a) Main Trace b) Galle Port Access Road Separatel)
MAA"SA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.D.1 Air Bualit
t&e operational p&ase o( t&e &ig&,a pro/ect in t&e AD7 section (i.e. (inal and co#bined
to bot& AD7 section and Galle Port Access Road area.
Proper tra((ic #anage#ent practices are crucial to be i#ple#ented ,it& appropriate
pollution control #easures (or ve&icles during t&e operational p&ase. It is also i#portant to
e#p&asi=e t&e (act t&at ve&icles to be used in t&e road traces are regularl and ,ell
#aintained to reduce bot& air pollution and engine noise. In ot&er ,ords en(orce#ent o(
stringent la,s governing #aintenance aspects o( ve&icles; periodic or rando# on!site
#onitoring o( ve&icular e)&aust e#issions b speciall trained Police personnel per&aps
,it& assistance (ro# ITI or %7R: and i#ple#entation o( &eav (ines or penalties (or
ve&icles not #eeting e)&aust standards ,ould be o( para#ount i#portance. Moreover
develop#ent o( #ass transit and re(or#ulation o( diesel oil ,ould be bene(icial in t&e long
run to decrease t&e rate o( SPM e#ission t&oug& air pollution in ter#s o( elevated SPM
levels due to generated or diverted tra((ic cannot be totall curtailed.
7.D.3 %oise
ADB Section
%ecessar actions needs to be e)ercised in areas &aving noise sensitive places (i.e. areas;
lands or places belong 2ategor 7) suc& as residences and sc&ools as ,ell as in areas &aving
sensitive lands or lands in ,&ic& serenit and <uiet are o( i#portance (i.e. areas or lands
belong to 2ategor A) suc& (orest patc&es; ,etlands; etc. in bot& t&e co#bined and (inal trace
since t&e results obtained using t&e CA@A #odel revealed t&at noise level generation
increases ,it& ti#e period due to an increase in ve&icular tra((ic. Table PPP illustrates t&e
necessar actions to be e)ercised in certain areas o( t&e road traces.
Table PPP. %ecessar actions to control possible &ig& noise levels in certain areas o( t&e (inal and
co#bined trace in t&e AD7 section
Cate!ory Description Ma.im(m
Permissi&le
/e+
0
Reme%ial Meas(re
>ndeveloped
lands (2ategor
D)
Padd; rubber; tea;
coconut; ,ater s&rubs and
#ars& areas
! %o action necessar
Sensitive areas
(2ategor 7)
Sc&ools; religious places;
libraries; public #eeting;
roo#s; courts; residences;
&ospitals; etc.
63 (Interior)
07 (")terior)
Sound barriers and sound
installation tec&ni<ues
Developed
lands
Ao#e gardens and ot&er
areas not included in t&e
above categories
73 (")terior) 7u((er =one ,it&
lu)uriant vegetation and
tree canop laers and
sound insulation o(
a((ected buildings (An
e)isting t&ic. and tall
vegetation notabl s&rubs
and trees suc& as ,eeping
,illo,s could be used (or
t&is purpose)

Q
Ma)i#u# per#issible li#its stipulated b t&e Cederal Aig&,a Association o( >SA (CA@A)
Drastic noise level reduction s&ould be practiced b #eans o( noise barriers i( necessar
toget&er ,it& acoustic insulation o( buildings in areas &aving noise sensitive places suc& as
residences; sc&ools; etc. 2onstruction o( t&ic. parapet ,alls o( su((icient &eig&t (around 6!6.5
# in &eig&t) on bot& sides o( t&e &ig&,a roads to ac&ieve noise attenuations up to around
16!34 d7(A) is one good #et&od o( reducing tra((ic noise trans#ission to noise sensitive
areas (Garg; 1979). Ao,ever suc& noise barriers to be built &ave to be constructed suc& t&at
t&ere ,ould be no develop#ent o( crac.s or gaps on e)posure to sun and rain; and t&ere(ore
t&e #asonr ,alls s&ould be (inis&ed ,it& render or ce#ent based paint. An develop#ent o(
crac.s and gaps in noise barriers &ave to be regularl #onitored and i##ediatel repaired b
t&e RDA. Alternatel concrete or an ot&er tpe o( barrier sste#s is reco##ended in places
,&ere t&ere is no possibilit o( &aving an eart&en bea# due to lac. o( space.
Intensive noise reduction progra##es ,ill also be necessar in areas ,&ere 2ategor A lands
suc& as (orest patc&es and ,etlands are occurring. In t&is respect strict la,s pertaining to
pro&ibiting t&e beeping o( &orns (especiall t&e large diesel po,ered ve&icles suc& as truc.s;
lorries and buses ,&ic& are .no,n to produce loud and &ig&l irritating noise (ro# beeping
&orns) ,it& &eav (ines &as to be i#posed b RDA ,it& assistance (ro# #obile Police (orces.
Also notice boards clearl stating t&at beeping o( &orns are pro&ibited (since a particular
stretc& in t&e road trace encounters sensitive lands) &ave to be properl erected on bot& sides
o( t&e road traces and even in t&e island stretc& o( t&e road traces.
It is also i#perative t&at a national polic be establis&ed on ve&icle i#ports noting t&at noise
level generation (ro# ve&icles increases ,it& age.
Galle Port Access Roa% Area
%oise sensitive areas suc& as sc&ools and religious sites are not encountered in t&e Galle Port
Access Road area. Ao,ever t&e provision o( noise barriers ,it& proper landscaping using
native trees (to be discussed later) is still necessar in areas suc& as %ugadu,a ,&ere
substantial &u#an settle#ent occurs. T&e noise barriers to be built &ave to be constructed
suc& t&at t&ere ,ould be no develop#ent o( crac.s or gaps on e)posure to sun and rain; and
t&ere(ore t&e #asonr ,alls s&ould be (inis&ed ,it& render or ce#ent based paint. An
develop#ent o( crac.s and gaps in noise barriers &ave to be regularl #onitored and
i##ediatel repaired b t&e RDA. Alternatel concrete or an ot&er tpe o( barrier sste#s is
reco##ended in places ,&ere t&ere is no possibilit o( &aving an eart&en bea# due to lac. o(
space.
--R$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.D.D Tra((ic 2ondition
A suitable ter#inal ,it& bus stops (or long distance and local buses as ,ell as par.ing
(or t&ree ,&eelers and ot&er local ve&icles #ust be provided as a road side (acilit and
be properl separated (ro# t&e Sout&ern ")press,a rig&t o( ,a and t&is connecting
road.
Redesign t&e tra((ic sign laout. It s&ould in detail speci( t&e location o( all tra((ic
signs and road #ar.ings
:n!street par.ing #ust be controlled and o((!street par.ing #ust be provided
7.D.5 Road Accidents
T&e sa(et standards; #otor tra((ic la,s or regulations (or access controlled
&ig&,as s&ould be incorporated in t&e Motor Tra((ic Act. T&is is still in dra(t
(or#.
:nl road,ort& ve&icles s&ould be used during t&e operation stage to #ini#i=e
road accidents.
In case o( an accident t&e bro.en cras& barriers or brea.able posts s&ould be
i##ediatel replaced ,it& ne, ones.
All cras& barriers; posts etc. s&ould be properl #aintained and t&ere &as to be a
special cre, assigned (or t&is ,or..
T&ere ,ill be #an brea.do,ns o( ve&icles; tre punctures; ve&icle stoppages due
to lac. o( (uel etc. Properl organi=ed auto#obile service units s&ould be engaged
to be in c&arge o( t&ese operations. T&e s&ould &ave (ull e<uipped ve&icles;
to,ing truc.s; trained people etc. to carr out t&ese operations.
Telep&one (acilities s&ould be provided on eit&er side o( t&e road to contact police;
a#bulance; auto#obile services etc. during e#ergencies. It is reco##ended to
&ave t&ese stations at 3!.# intervals.
Police ve&icles; a#bulances; (ire engines etc. s&ould be available 35 &r. a da (or
e#ergencies; accidents; (ires etc. An organi=ation needs to be establis&ed (or
&ig&,a surveillance; &ig&,a patrol; rescue operations. T&e police and
e#ergenc ve&icles s&ould be provided ,it& e#ergenc access and e)its in
accordance ,it& international standards.
At interc&anges; a suitable ter#inal ,it& bus stops (or long distance and local
busses as ,ell as par.ing (or t&ree ,&eelers and ot&er local ve&icles #ust be
provided as a road side (acilit and be properl separated (ro# Sout&ern Aig&,a
rig&t o( ,a and its access roads.
Speed control #easures li.e ,ell designed ru#ble strips and &u#ps s&ould be
i#ple#ented in t&e access roads to Sout&ern Aig&,a.
Due to prevailing securit situation in t&e countr; a special police or #ilitar
(orce needs to be assigned to protect bridges; culverts; overpasses; underpasses
etc. (ro# terrorist attac.s.
MAA"SA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.D.6 Garbage Disposal
Gar&a!e Disposal an% Street Cleanliness
Arrange#ents #ust be #ade ,it& -ocal Aut&orities (-As) or ,it& private environ#ental
(solid ,aste) #anage#ent (ir#s suc& as Abans 2leantec& (PFT) -i#ited in order to dispose
o( t&e #unicipal solid ,aste disposed b persons using t&e &ig&,a in a proper #anner eit&er
b closed truc.s or an ot&er #eans suc& as se#i!auto#ated collection sste#s or (ull
auto#ated collection sste#s (ve&icles e<uipped ,it& Ican snatc&ersJ). Proper large bins or
containers lined ,it& biodegradable bags (not ADP" or -DP" #aterial (or e)a#ple) #ust be
provided at least ever 1 .# intervals along ,it& signboards on bot& sides o( t&e road traces
in order to collect all solid ,astes until t&e are ta.en a,a. T&e bins provided #ust be ,ell
closed ,it& lids in order to avoid ru##aging b stra dogs or ot&er ani#als and birds.
Curt&er it ,ill lead to .eep t&e (lies and ot&er insects out o( t&e area. It s&ould be noted t&at
t&e garbage bins to be provided s&ould be o( di((erent colours ,it& clear instructions and ,it&
(igures in brie( e)plaining as to ,&at sort o( ,astes are to be disposed (i.e. (or segregation or
separation o( peris&able or putrescible ,astes (ro# recclables). I#ple#entation o( &eav
(ines is necessar is to be carried out b Police personnel (or persons involved in careless and
open du#ping o( bottles; cans and ot&er garbage. T&is is also applicable to persons ,&o
t&ro, tras& out o( car ,indo,s; etc.
It is also i#perative t&at t&e RDA underta.e regular surves pertaining to t&e ade<uac o(
bins (or garbage collection and assess t&e e((icienc o( ,aste #anage#ent (ir#s or
aut&orities pertaining to t&e dail collection (re<uenc.
2ollection o( garbage and cleaning o( t&e road traces &as to be done on a regular basis b t&e
-As particularl during periods o( lo, tra((ic (e.g. during late nig&t and earl #orning
&ours). Regular s,eeping o( roads using #anual labor or #ec&anical litter collection sste#s
((or e)a#ple devices &aving a series o( rotating plastic teet& t&at (ling t&e litter into a
collection bas.et or devices e<uipped ,it& vacuu# ar#s on a truc. to suc. up t&e roadside
litter ,&ile cruising at &ig&,a speed) is reco##ended rat&er t&an (lus&ing ,it& ,ater to
e((ectivel re#ove litter as ,ell as nutrient ric& dirt; organic #atter and ot&er conta#inants;
&ence #ore bene(icial to avoid conta#ination o( ,ater bodies (,&ic& generall occurs (ro#
road (lus&ing activities). Curt&er regular s,eeping tends to i#prove t&e aest&etics o( t&e
streetscape and ,ater bodies and prevents bloc.ing o( drains and an locali=ed (looding o(
an nearb ,ater,as.
Also or!ani1ation of information campai!ns an% comm(nity e%(cation pro!ramme on
!ar&a!e %isposal in roa%s2 streets an% 'i!'#ays &y t'e /AS may &e a (sef(l strate!y to
re%(ce careless !ar&a!e %isposal3
7.D.0 Transportation o( Dangerous 2&e#icalsGGoods
2urrentl t&ere is no proper legislation in Sri -an.a pertaining to t&e sa(e storage and
transport o( prescribed ,astes and &a=ardous #aterial suc& as (la##able li<uids. T&ere(ore
strict la,s or policies &ave to be establis&ed b t&e 2"A ,it& ot&er relevant govern#ent
aut&orities. It is i#perative t&at t&e (ollo,ing basic #easures be i#ple#ented to prevent
possible spills (ro# &a=ardous #aterials transporting ve&icles eit&er during periods o(
#aterial transport or accidents. T&ese #onitoring aspects and i#ple#entation o( la,s and
regulations need be carried out b speciall trained police personnel (pre(erabl police
personnel &aving a good science bac.ground) and RDA ,it& assistance (ro# t&e (ire
e#ergenc aut&orities and 2"A in t&e (or# o( regular ve&icular c&ec.ings; speed #onitoring
progra##es; &eav (ines i( necessar; etc.
Fer stringent speed li#its o( around 34 .#G&r &ave to be i#posed (or truc.s; containers
and ot&er ve&icles carring &a=ardous #aterial.
T&e sta(( and drivers involved in transporting o( suc& #aterial &ave to be over &eav
,eig&t; p&sicall and #entall &ealt& persons &aving a valid driver8s license to drive
&eav ve&icles.
"nsure t&at ve&icles &ave a current per#it to transport prescribed ,astes and &a=ardous
#aterials.
"nsure t&at ve&icles &ave a current registration nu#ber and (ull insured.
"nsure t&at drivers and assistants are not under t&e in(luence o( li<uor.
"nsure t&at ve&icles are provided ,it& suitable (ire e)tinguis&ers ,&ic& are serviced at
regular intervals and ensure t&at t&e drivers and t&eir assistants are capable in t&e use o(
e)tinguis&ers.
T&e ve&icles carring &a=ardous #aterial s&ould displa clear placards on all sides o( t&e
ve&icle as to ,&at sort o( ,astes or c&e#icals are carried. T&e placards s&ould clearl
state t&e &a=ardous nature o( t&e load as t&e >% Aa=ard 2lass and subsidiar ris.sN (or
e)a#ple 2lass D (or (la##able li<uids and 2lass 1 (or corrosive substances. I( t&e ,aste
cannot be classi(ied as dangerous goods (e.g. abattoir e((luent; scallop s&ells; etc.) t&en
t&e descriptions D4PK or D4PP #a be used to designate environ#entall &a=ardous
,astes or t&e nu#bers >% D413 ("nviron#entall Aa=ardous Substances; -i<uid; Inot
ot&er,ise speci(iedJ) or >% D477 ("nviron#entall Aa=ardous Substances; Solid; Inot
ot&er,ise speci(iedJ) #a be used instead.
Pressure!relieving e<uip#ent and ot&er sa(et devices (itted to tan.s s&ould be in good
condition.
Truc.s designed to carr solid ,astes ,&ic& #a oo=e li<uid during transport &ave to be
ensured t&at t&e are ,ell constructed so as to retain li<uids inside t&e ve&icle until t&e
are loaded.
Fe&icles transporting li<uid ,astes &ave to be ensured t&at suc& ve&icles are ,ell sealed
to prevent spillage or loss o( contentsN (or e)a#ple disc&arge outlets s&ould be c&ec.ed
,&et&er t&e are properl sealed ,it& a blan. (lange or cap on t&e outside o( t&e
disc&arge valve).
:pen truc.s transporting ,aste or &a=ardous #aterials s&ould not be allo,ed to travel
unless suc& ve&icles are ,ell covered to prevent spills; possible dust and vapour
e#issions; access to (lies and birds; etc.
"nsure t&at &oses are sto,ed in suc& a ,a t&at no li<uid is disc&arged ,&ile
transporting.
Also policies s&ould be introduced pertaining to t&e issuing o( ,aste transport certi(icates
(co#prising one original .no,n as @&ite and 5 copies .no,n as 2op 1 or Pin.; 2op 3 or
Green; 2op D or Kello, and 2op 5 or Gold) b t&e 2"A as &as been conducted in
developed countries suc& as Australia in order to trac. do,n t&e prescribed ,aste #aterial
(ro# its production to (inal disposal or treat#ent (2lare; 1997). T&ese 6 (or#s &ave to be
divided into D parts na#el Part A (to be co#pleted b t&e ,aste producer or storer ,it&
necessar details); Part 7 (to be co#pleted; signed and dated b t&e transporter ,it&
necessar details suc& as per#it and ve&icle registration nu#ber) and Part 2 (to be
co#pleted and signed b a licensed receiver ,&ic& could be a treat#ent or a disposal
(acilit). T&e polic s&ould be suc& t&at t&ere &as to be a re<uire#ent t&at t&e original cop
(,&ic& is to be (illed b t&e licensed receiver on co#pletion o( Part 2) and cop 1 (,&ic& is
to be (illed b t&e ,aste producer ,it& Parts A and 7 co#plete) to be (or,arded to t&e 2"A
,it&in 7 das o( transporting t&e #aterial (or t&e purpose o( #atc&ing and #onitoring o( t&e
generation and disposal (i.e. ,&ile t&e ot&er copies 3; D and 5 are to be retained b t&e ,aste
producer or storer; ,aste receiver and ,aste transporter; respectivel). It is i#perative t&at
regular #easures be ta.en to inspect t&ese ,aste transport certi(icates (i.e. cop 5 ,&ic& is
to be retained b t&e ,aste transporter) (ro# t&e drivers involved in transporting t&e
prescribed ,astes or t&e &a=ardous #aterials.
7.D.7 -andslides and Soil "rosion
%ot&ing to include
PPG$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.D.1 Social and Socio "cono#ic I#pacts
%ot&ing to include
MAA"SA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.D.9:t&er Measures to be I#ple#ented during t&e :perational P&ase
During t&e operational p&ase it is anticipated t&at #aintenance construction activities ,ould
be re<uired to be conducted depending on prevailing circu#stances. Cor e)a#ple t&e
(re<uenc o( road #aintenance ,ould beco#e &ig& depending on t&e e)tent o( tear and ,ear
or da#age; ,&ic& in turn is dependent on tra((ic (lo,. An i#pacts arising during t&ese
activities could be te#porar. %evert&eless t&e proper solid ,aste #anage#ent tec&ni<ues
and t&e #itigator #easures applicable (or t&e construction p&ase ,it& re(erence to
#ini#i=ation or prevention o( sur(ace and ground,ater <ualit deterioration; air pollution
and generation o( &ig& noise levels are also applicable (or t&e #aintenance construction
activities ,&ere dee#ed necessar and &ence suc& #easures s&ould be i#ple#ented b t&e
RDA and t&e contractor. Cor e)a#ple ver deep e)cavations &ave to be avoided unless
alternative (oundation tec&ni<ues suc& as s&eet piling; in/ected bentonite ,alls &ave been
considered; &eav restrictions &ave to be placed on an storage o( oil or oil ric& products and
,as&ing o( construction ve&icles and #ac&iner near ,ater bodies; and t&e use o( &ig& noise
generating pneu#atic construction e<uip#ent s&ould be restricted to da ti#e onl. During
#aintenance construction ,or.s environ#ental #onitoring b t&e RDA and contractor ,ould
be o( para#ount i#portance to #ini#i=e or avoid environ#ental pollution and generation o(
&ig& disturbing noise levels. T&is tas. s&ould be carried out ,it& assistance (ro# ITI or
%7R: t&roug&out t&e period o( t&e #aintenance construction ,or.s and depending on t&e
location and co#plaints #ade b t&e local people (ro# t&eir pre#ises.
@it& re(erence to #anage#ent o( i#pacts arising (ro# roadside develop#ent activities;
i#posing strict landuse controls ,ould be o( para#ount i#portance. In t&is respect t&e >DA
s&ould pla a #a/or role to i#ple#ent t&ese regulations.
In areas ,&ere t&e proposed road traces disturb t&e rustic nature o( t&e landscape; visual
intrusion i#pacts #a be #ini#i=ed b using a green,as concept (i.e. planting ,it& native
vegetation). Planting ,it& t&ic. and tall native trees pre(erabl in a =ig!=ag #anner ,ould
also be bene(icial in t&e long run to reduce noise and si#ultaneousl to arrest ,ind induced
dust; airborne Pb particles (produced (ro# (2
3
A
6
)
5
Pb added petrol po,ered ve&icles) and
gaseous pollutants. Curt&er planted vegetation ,ould intercept rain and decelerate run!o((
,&ile (iltering out sedi#ents; nutrients and &eav #etals suc& as Pb and On present in t&e
urban run!o(( and &ence #ini#i=e suc& pollutants present in t&e run!o(( (ro# entering an
nearb ,ater bodies. In t&is respect it is also desirable t&at t&e vegetation to be planted are
native trees and deep!rooted s&rubs t&at could use signi(icant <uantities o( sub!sur(ace
,aters so t&at t&e <uantit o( pat&ogens; nutrients; salts and ot&er conta#inants entering an
nearb ,ater bodies b t&is pat&,a could be reduced.
MAA-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.5 Curt&er Studies %eeded (a) Main Trace b) Galle Port Access Road Separatel)
Curt&er studies are not re<uired
*I%APA-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
435 S(mmary
63537 Miti!ation of Social Impacts
No Potential Impacts E.istin! miti!ation
Meas(res ,if any-
A%%itional Miti!ation Meas(res
1 -ost o( inco#e (ro#
crops; lost o( long
standing properties.
Monitoring t&e
i#pact on inco#e ;
supporting to
reestablis& liveli&ood
sste#
2ontinuation o( e)isting #onitoring activities and
establis&#ent o( GR2 ( Grievances readiness co##ittee)
3 -ost o( inco#e; lost o(
long stranded
residences ;
psc&ological i#pact
Providing
in(rastructure
( p&sical; econo#ic
and social) at t&e
resettle#ent sites.
GR2; #onitoring t&e ade<uac o( in(rastructure and ot&er
supports
D Dust; noise and ot&er
disturbances to t&e
co##unities
:n going #onitoring
and attending t&e
co##unit proble#
I#prove and intensi( t&e RDA M+" process
5 Dust; noise; access
di((iculties ( routine
travels and to t&e special
locations)
:n going M+"
progra# ; process o(
attending to
co##unit
grievances
T&e continuation o( e)isting M+" progra#. I#prove and
intensi( t&e e((ectiveness o( M+" activities
6 %oise; accidents; access
di((iculties
%o et i#ple#ented Recurrent surves (or identi(ing t&e proble#s
RA%@A-A$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
7.6.3 Mitigation o( Adrological I#pacts
Drainage AD7 Section
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e
#
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n

o
(

#
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n

#
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
"#ban.#ent
2onstruction
Drainage congestion ;
upstrea# (looding +
ponding
In all lo, ling areas
as given belo,.
Provision o(
te#porar
culvert
crossings
"nlarge t&e si=e o(
te#porar culverts;
2ontra
ctor
RDA +
2onsult
ant
Te#porar and Drainage congestion ; In all lo, ling areas. %one Sste#aticall stud 2ontra RDA +
per#anent
drainage
crossing
construction
upstrea# (looding +
ponding o,ing to lac.
o( leada,a drainage
pat& connection
D4L774; DDL444;
D6L444;D9LD04;D6L4
44!D0L444
t&e location + nature
o( drainage pat&s +
establis& leada,a
connections.
ctor;
2onsul
tant
2onsult
ant
"#ban.#ent
construction
"roded soil (ro# soil
du#ps getting deposited
in padd (ield; drainage
pat&s etc.
D6L744;
D6L44;D7L944;53L44
4;53L444!59L444
%one 2over soil du#ps ,it&
t&ic. polt&ene s&eets;
establis& te#porar
drain pat&s;
2onstruction o(
t&e road across
irrigation
sc&e#es
All t&e i#pacts stated
above. Inconvenience to
(ar#ers. 7isection o(
irrigation sc&e#es
D0L144;D7L944;
D9L044;54L914;
D4L774; DDL444;
D6L444;D9LD04;D6L4
44!D0L444
2oordinate
,it& t&e
District
Irrigation
"ngineer +
i#ple#ent
suggested
c&anges.
Analse sta.e&older
co#plaints
sste#aticall; appoint
a co##ittee ,it&
District Irrigation
"ngineer (DI");
Divisional Secretar
(DS); Gra#a
Seva.a(GS);
Pradees&ees
Saba(PS); Irrigation
Depart#ent(ID) +
Agrarian Service
Depart#ent (ASD)
reps + e((ect suitable
c&anges. Re la t&e
irrigation canal
net,or..
DI";
DS;GS;
ID;
ASD;
PS ;
2ontra
ctor
RDA +
2onsult
ant; ID
+ DI"
2ulvert
2rossing
construction
Clooding o,ing to
inade<uate culvert si=e
Galle Port Access
4L644 ( -unu,ila
"la crossing)
Redesign t&e
culvert
Redesign t&e culverts
,it& increased return
period.
2onsul
tant
RDA
Preparation o(
deep cuts
Ground,ater depletion
o( close b ,ells
34L964RAS;
19L644-AS;11L464
-AS;17L644RAS;17
L044-AS;10L144RA
S;11L964-AS
2arr out
#onitoring
2arr out intensive
ground,ater level
#onitoring + rain(all
dept&s
RDA +
2onsul
tant
RDA
S>SIRA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
63538 Miti!ation of Aest'etic Aspects
%o Pro/ect
Activities
Potential
I#pacts
Potential location
,&ere t&e i#pacts
,ill be occurred
")isting
#itigation
Measures (i( an)
Additional
Mitigation Measures
Mitigation
2osts
Part ,&o i#ple#ent
Mitigation Measures
Part ,&o supervised t&e
i#ple#entation o(
#itigation #easures
41. "art& cut
+ (ill
during
cons.
Stage
Aig& I#pact
during cons.
Aig& i#pact areas %o Application o(
engineering
Measure#ents
! 2ontractor G RDA
2onsultant
RDA G Pro(. Institute
43 Roc.
blasting
during
cons.
Stage
Aig& I#pact
during cons.
Buarr sites Fisual
Supervision onl
%oise + dust ! 2ontractor G RDA
2onsultant
4D. Reloading
#aterials
Inter#ediate
i#pact
Storage ards Fisual
Supervision onl
Dust + air pollution ! 2ontractor G RDA
2onsultant
45. 7ill
7oards
-o, i#pact %ear To,n 2entres %o Fisual Supervisions ! RDA >DA G Pro(. Institute
46. Road Side
-ig&ting
Aig& i#pact To,n 2entres %o -ig&t Intensit ! RDA G 2"7 >DA G Pro(. Institute
40. So(t
7u((er
=one
planting
-o, i#pact Aig& sensitive areas %o P&sical
Measure#ents
! 2"A G RDA >DA G -andscape unit
Pro(. Institute
MAA"SA$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
RE9ERENCES : CITED B; RESOURCE PERSONS
2lare; 1997. Integrated Manage#ent o( Aa=ardous Materials ? Part 3. Dea.in >niversit Press; Geelong; Australia.
Garg; S.E.; 1979. Se,age Disposal and Air Pollution "ngineering ? "nviron#ental "ngineering (Fol. II). E&anna Publis&ers; De&li!114440; India.
Sengupta; P.; %. Sai.ia and P.2. 7ort&a.ur; 3443. 7ric.s (ro# petroleu# e((luent treat#ent plant sludge' properties and environ#ental c&aracteristics. *ournal
o( "nviron#ental "ngineering; 131' 1494!1495.

Mitigation Measures - Adb - Updated - 26!4!06

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