Experiment No.

1
Aim: To study basic MATLAB Commands for signal and image processing.

Theory:
MATLAB provides a basic set of signal processing functions,
Abs Complex magnitude
Angle Phase angle
Conv Convolution
Cov Covariance
Deconv Deconvolution
Fft Fast fourier transform
Ifft Inverse fast fourier transform
fftshift Swap quadrant of matrices

Some of these have two dimensional counterparts, in which case the signal is actually a
matrix:-
Fft2 Two dimensional fft
Ifft2 Inverse two dimensional fft
Fftshift Rearrange FFT results
Conv2 Two Dimensional convolution
Acker Compute the K matrix to place the poles of A-BK
Axis Set the scale of the current plot
Bode Draw the bode plot
C2d Continuous to discrete system
Clf Clear figure
Ctrb The controllability matrix
Det Find the determinant of the matrix
Eig Compute the eigenvalues of a matrix
Eps MATLABs numerical tolerance
Feedback Connect linear systems in a feedback
Figure Create new figure
For For loop
Format Number format
Function Creates functions m-files
Grid Draw the grid lines on the plot
Gtext Add a piece of text to the current plot
Help Matlab helps documentation
Hold Hold the current graph
If Conditionally execute statements
Impulse Impulse response of linear systems
Inv Find the inverse of a matrix
Input Promp for user input
Legend Graph legend
Length Length of a vector
Linspace Returns a linearly spaced vector
Lnyquist Produce a NYquist plot on a logarithmic scale
Log Natural logarithm
Loglog Plot using log-log scale
Logspace Returns a logarithmically spaced vector
Lqr Linear quadratic regulator design for continuous systems
Lsim Simulate a linear system
margin Returns the gain margin, phase margin, the crossover frequencies
Minreal Produces a minimal realization of a system
Norm Norm of a vector
Nyquist1 Draw the Nyquist plot
Plot Draw a plot
Poly Returns the characteristic polynomial
Polyval Polynomial evaluation
Print Print the current plot
Pzmap Pole-zero map of linear systems
Rank Find the number of linearly independent rows or column of a
matrix
Real Returns to the real part of the complex number
Rlocfind Find the value of k and the poles at the selected point
Rlocus Draw the root locus
Roots Find the roots of a polynomial
Rscale Find the scale factor for a full-state feedback system
Set Set(gca,Xtick,xticks,Ytick,yticks) to control the number and
spacing of tick marks on the axes
Sgrid Generate grid lines of constant damping ratio (zeta) and natural
frequency (Wn)
Size Gives the dimension of a vector or matrix
Sqrt Square root
Ss Create state-space models or convert LTI model to state space
Ssdata Access to state-space data
Stairs Stairstep plot for discrete response
Step Plot the step response
Subplot Divide the plot window up into pieces
Text Add a piece of text to the current plot
Tf Creation of transfer functions or conversion to transfer function
Tfdata Access to transfer function data
title Add a title to the current plot

Conclusion: Thus, we have studied the basic MATLAB commands for signal and image
processing.