Williams Tratado de

ENDOCRINOLOGA
EDICIN
11
Williams Tratado de
ENDOCRINOLOGA
Henry M. Kronenberg, MD
Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Chief, Endocrine Unit
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Shlomo Melmed, MD, FRCP
Helene and Philip Hixon Chair in Investigative Medicine
Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs
Cedars Sinai Medical Center
Los Angeles, California
Kenneth S. Polonsky, MD
Adolphus Busch Professor and Chairman
Department of Medicine
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
P. Reed Larsen, MD, FACP, FRCP
Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and
Hypertension
Brigham and Womens Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
COLABORADORES
JOHN C. ACHERMANN, MD
Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow
in Clinical Science, Developmental
Endocrinology Research Group, UCL
Institute of Child Health; Honorary
Consultant in Paediatric Endocrinology,
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children
NHS Trust, London, United
Kingdom
TRASTORNOS DEL DESARROLLO SEXUAL
LLOYD P. AIELLO, MD, PHD
Head, Section of Eye Research,
Director, Beetham Eye Institute, J oslin
Diabetes Center; Associate Professor of
Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
ELI Y. ADASHI, MD
Dean of Medicine and Biological
Sciences, Division of Biology and
Medicine, Brown University Medical
School, Providence, Rhode Island
FISIOLOGA Y PATOLOGA DEL EJ E REPRODUCTOR
FEMENINO
ANDREW ARNOLD, MD
Murray-Heilig Chair in Molecular
Medicine and Professor of Medicine and
Genetics, University of Connecticut
School of Medicine; Chief, Division of
Endocrinology and Metabolism, and
Director, Center for Molecular Medicine,
University of Connecticut Health Center,
Farmington, Connecticut
FISIOPATOLOGA DE LOS TUMORES ENDOCRINOS
JENIFER M. BARKER, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics,
University of Colorado School of
Medicine; Endocrinologist, Barbara
Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes,
Aurora, Colorado
SNDROMES DE INMUNOENDOCRINOPATAS
ROSEMARY BASSON, MD, FRCP(UK)
Clinical Professor, University of British
Colombia Faculty of Medicine; Director,
UBC Sexual Medicine Program, University
of British Columbia; Director, Sexual
Medicine Program, Vancouver Hospital,
Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada
DISFUNCIN SEXUAL EN HOMBRES Y MUJ ERES
THOMAS P. BERSOT, MD, PHD
Associate Investigator, Gladstone Institute
of Cardiovascular Disease, Professor of
Medicine, University of California,
San Francisco
TRASTORNOS DEL METABOLISMO LIPDICO
SHALENDER BHASIN, MD
Professor of Medicine, Section of
Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition,
Boston University School of Medicine;
Chief, Section of Endocrinology,
Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston Medical
Center, Boston, Massachusetts
TRASTORNOS TESTICULARES
DISFUNCIN SEXUAL EN HOMBRES Y MUJ ERES
ANDREW J. M. BOULTON, MD, FRCP
Professor of Medicine, University of
Manchester, Consultant Physician,
Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester,
United Kingdom; Division of
Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes,
University of Miami School of Medicine,
Miami, Florida
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
VI Colaboradores
GLENN D. BRAUNSTEIN, MD
Professor of Medicine, David Geffen
School of Medicine at UCLA; Chairman,
Department of Medicine, and
J ames R. Klinenberg Chair in Medicine,
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,
Los Angeles, California
CAMBIOS ENDOCRINOS EN EL EMBARAZO
GREGORY A. BRENT, MD
Professor of Medicine and Physiology,
David Geffen School of Medicine at
UCLA; Chief, Endocrinology and
Diabetes Division, VA Greater
Los Angeles Healthcare System,
Los Angeles, California
HIPOTIROIDISMO Y TIROIDITIS
F. RICHARD BRINGHURST, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School, Physician,
Endocrine Division, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Boston,
Massachusetts
HORMONAS Y ALTERACIONES DEL METABOLISMO
MINERAL
MICHAEL BROWNLEE, MD
Anita and J ack Saltz Professor of
Diabetes Research, Director, J DRF
International Center for Diabetic
Complications Research, Department of
Medicine and Pathology, Albert Einstein
College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
SERDAR E. BULUN, MD
George H. Gardner Professor of Clinical
Gynecology and Chief, Division of
Reproductive Biology Research,
Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Northwestern University
Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago,
Illinois
FISIOLOGA Y PATOLOGA DEL EJ E
REPRODUCTOR FEMENINO
CHARLES F. BURANT, MD, PHD
Professor of Internal Medicine
University of Michigan Health System
Ann Arbor, Michigan
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
JOHN B. BUSE, MD, PHD
Professor of Medicine, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill School of
Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1
DAVID A. BUSHINSKY, MD
Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology
and Physiology, University of Rochester
School of Medicine and Dentistry;
Chief, Division of Nephrology, University
of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester,
New York
NEFROLITIASIS
ERNESTO CANALIS, MD
Professor of Medicine, University of
Connecticut School of Medicine,
Farmington; Director of Research, St.
Francis Hospital Medical Center,
Hartford, Connecticut
ENFERMEDAD SEA METABLICA
Colaboradores VII
CHRISTIN CARTER-SU, PHD
Professor of Molecular and Integrative
Physiology, Associate Director and
Head of the Michigan Diabetes
Research and Training Center,
University of Michigan Medical School,
Ann Arbor, Michigan
MECANISMOS DE ACCIN DE HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN EN LA SUPERFICIE CELULAR
ROGER D. CONE, PHD
Director, Center for the Study of Weight
Regulation and Associated Disorders,
Oregon Health and Science University,
Portland;
Senior Scientist, Vollum Institute,
Oregon Health and Science University,
Portland, Oregon
CONTROL NEUROENDOCRINO DE LAS RESERVAS
DE ENERGA
MARK E. COOPER, MBBS, PHD,
FRACP
Professor of Medicine and Immunology,
Eastern Clinical School, Monash
University; Professor of Medicine and
Physiology, University of Melbourne,
Senior Endocrinologist, Alfred Hospital,
Melbourne; Head, J DRF Danielle Alberti
Memorial Centre for Diabetic
Complications, Diabetes and
Metabolism Division, Baker Heart
Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
PHILIP E. CRYER, MD
Irene E. and Michael M. Karl Professor
of Endocrinology and Metabolism in
Medicine, Washington University in St.
Louis School of Medicine; Physician,
Barnes-J ewish Hospital, St. Louis,
Missouri
HOMEOSTASIS DE LA GLUCOSA E HIPOGLUCEMIA
PHILIP D. DARNEY, MD, MSC
Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology,
and Reproductive Sciences, University
of California, San Francisco, School of
Medicine; Chief, Obstetrics and
Gynecology, San Francisco General
Hospital, San Francisco, California
ANTICONCEPCIN HORMONAL
TERRY F. DAVIES, MBBS, MD, FRCP,
FACE
Florence and Theodore Baumritter
Professor of Medicine, Mount Sinai
School of Medicine; Attending
Physician, Mount Sinai Hospital;
Director, Division of Endocrinology and
Metabolism, J ames J . Peters VA Medical
Center, New York, New York
FISIOLOGA DEL TIROIDES
Y EVALUACIN DIAGNSTICA
DE LOS PACIENTES CON
TRASTORNOS TIROIDEOS
HIPOTIROIDISMO Y TIROIDITIS
VIII Colaboradores
MARIE B. DEMAY, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine,
Harvard Medical School,
Massachusetts General Hospital;
Boston, Massachusetts
HORMONAS Y ALTERACIONES
DEL METABOLISMO MINERAL
DANIEL J. DRUCKER, MD
Director, Banting and Best Diabetes
Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto
General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada
HORMONAS GASTROINTESTINALES
Y TUMORES ENDOCRINOS DEL INTESTINO
GEORGE S. EISENBARTH, MD, PHD
Professor, Departments of Pediatrics,
Medicine, and Immunology, University
of Colorado School of Medicine,
Denver; Executive Director, Barbara
Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes,
Aurora; Physician, University Hospital
and The Childrens Hospital, Denver,
Colorado
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1
SNDROMES DE INMUNOENDOCRINOPATAS
JOEL K. ELMQUIST, DVM, PHD
Maclin Family Professor in Medical
Science, in Honor of Dr. Roy A.
Brinkley, Departments of Medicine and
Pharmacology; Director, Division of
Hypothalamic Research, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center,
Dallas, Texas
CONTROL NEUROENDOCRINO DE LAS RESERVAS
DE ENERGA
DANIEL D. FEDERMAN, MD
Carl W. Walter Distinguished Professor
of Medicine, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts
EL PACIENTE ENDOCRINOLGICO
SEBASTIANO FILETTI, MD
Professor of Internal Medicine,
Department of Clinical Sciences,
University of Rome La Sapienza School
of Medicine; Head, Department of
Internal Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I,
Rome, Italy
BOCIO DIFUSO NODULAR NO TXICO
Y NEOPLASIA DE TIROIDES
DELBERT A. FISHER, MD
Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine
Emeritus, David Geffen School of
Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles;
Chairman Emeritus, Department of
Pediatrics, and Serous Scientist, Walter
Martin Research Center, Harbor-UCLA
Medical Center, Torrance, California
ENDOCRINOLOGA DEL DESARROLLO FETAL
ROBERT F. GAGEL, MD
Professor and Head, Division of Internal
Medicine, The University of Texas MD
Anderson Cancer Center; Professor of
Cell Biology, Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston, Texas
NEOPLASIA ENDOCRINA MLTIPLE
EZIO GHIGO, MD
Professor of Endocrinology, Department
of Internal Medicine, University of Turin
Faculty of Medicine; Chief, Division of
Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University Hospital, Turin, Italy
HORMONAS Y ACTIVIDAD FSICA
Colaboradores IX
PETER A. GOTTLIEB, MD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics and
Medicine, University of Colorado School
of Medicine, Aurora; Physician,
University of Colorado Hospital and the
Childrens Hospital, Denver, Colorado
SNDROMES DE INMUNOENDOCRINOPATAS
STEVEN K. GRINSPOON, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine,
Harvard Medical School; Director, MGH
Program in Nutritional Metabolism, and
Clinical Director, Neuroendocrine
Clinical Center, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
ENDOCRINOLOGA DEL VIH Y EL SIDA
MELVIN M. GRUMBACH, MD
Edward B. Shaw Emeritus Professor of
Pediatrics and Emeritus Chairman,
Department of Pediatrics, University of
California, San Francisco, California
PUBERTAD: ONTOGENIA,
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGA, FISIOLOGA
Y TRASTORNOS
JOEL F. HABENER, MD
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical
School; Associate Physician,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
CONTROL GENTICO DE LA FORMACIN
DE HORMONAS PEPTDICAS
IAN D. HAY, BSC, MBCHB, PHD,
MRCP(UK), FACE, FACP, FRCP (EDIN
& LOND), FRCPI (HON), FRCPS
(GLASG)
Richard F. Emslander Professor in
Endocrinology and Nutrition Research
and Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic
College of Medicine
Consultant, Division of Endocrinology,
Metabolism, Nutrition & Internal
Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,
Minnesota
FISIOLOGA DEL TIROIDES Y EVALUACIN
DIAGNSTICA DE LOS PACIENTES
CON TRASTORNOS TIROIDEOS
BOCIO DIFUSO Y NODULAR NO TXICO
Y NEOPLASIA DE TIROIDES
IEUAN A. HUGHES, MD, FRCP,
FRCPCH, FMEDSCI
Professor of Paediatrics and Head,
Department of Paediatrics, University of
Cambridge; Addenbrookes Hospital,
Cambridge, United Kingdom
TRASTORNOS DEL DESARROLLO SEXUAL
GEORGE G. KLEE, MD, PHD
Professor of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo
Medical School; Consultant, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
TCNICAS DE LABORATORIO
PARA LA IDENTIFICACIN DE LOS TRASTORNOS
ENDOCRINOLGICOS
SAMUEL KLEIN, MD
William H. Danforth Professor of
Medicine and Nutritional Science,
Washington University in St. Louis,
School of Medicine; Attending
Physician, Barnes-J ewish Hospital,
St. Louis, Missouri
OBESIDAD
DAVID L. KLEINBERG, MD
Professor of Medicine, Director,
Neuroendocrine Unit, New York
University School of Medicine; Chief of
Endocrinology, Veterans Administration
Medical Center, New York, New York
ADENOHIPFISIS
X Colaboradores
HENRY M. KRONENBERG, MD
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical
School; Chief, Endocrine Unit,
Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, Massachusetts
PRINCIPIOS DE ENDOCRINOLOGA
HORMONAS Y ALTERACIONES DEL METABOLISMO
MINERAL
STEVEN W.J. LAMBERTS, MD, PHD
Professor of Medicine, Erasmus
University Faculty of Medicine;
Endocrinologist, Erasmus Medical
Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
ENDOCRINOLOGA Y ENVEJ ECIMIENTO
FABIO LANFRANCO, MD
Assistant Professor of Endocrinology,
Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Turin Faculty of Medicine;
Clinical Practice in Endocrinology,
University Hospital, Turin, Italy
HORMONAS Y ACTIVIDAD FSICA
P. REED LARSEN, MD, FACP, FRCP
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical
School; Chief, Division of
Endocrinology, Diabetes, and
Hypertension, Brigham and Womens
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
PRINCIPIOS DE ENDOCRINOLOGA
FISIOLOGA DEL TIROIDES Y EVALUACIN
DIAGNSTICA DE LOS PACIENTES
CON TRASTORNOS TIROIDEOS
TIROTOXICOSIS
HIPOTIROIDISMO Y TIROIDITIS
MITCHELL A. LAZAR, MD, PHD
Sylvan H. Eisman Professor of Medicine
and Professor of Genetics; Chief,
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes,
and Metabolism; and Director, Institute
for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism,
University of Pennsylvania School of
Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
MECANISMO DE ACCIN DE LAS HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN SOBRE RECEPTORES NUCLEARES
JOSEPH A. LORENZO, MD
Professor of Medicine, University of
Connecticut School of Medicine;
Director, Bone Biology Research,
University of Connecticut Health Center;
Attending Physician, J ohn Dempsey
Hospital, Farmington, Connecticut
ENFERMEDAD SEA METABLICA
MALCOLM J. LOW, MD, PHD
Senior Scientist and Associate Director,
Center for the Study of Weight
Regulation; Professor of Behavioral
Neuroscience, School of Medicine;
Affiliate Scientist, Vollum Institute,
Oregon Health & Science University,
Portland, Oregon
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGA
ROBERT W. MAHLEY, MD, PHD
President, The J . David Gladstone
Institutes, Senior Investigator, Gladstone
Institute of Cardiovascular Disease;
Professor of Pathology and Medicine,
University of California, San Francisco,
California
TRASTORNOS DEL METABOLISMO LIPDICO
STEPHEN J. MARX, MD
Chief, Metabolic Diseases Branch,
Genetics and Endocrinology Section,
National Institute of Diabetes and
Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
NEOPLASIA ENDOCRINA MLTIPLE
Colaboradores XI
SHLOMO MELMED, MD, FRCP
Helene and Philip Hixon Chair in
Investigative Medicine,
Senior Vice President for Academic
Affairs, Cedars Sinai Medical Center,
Los Angeles, California
PRINCIPIOS DE ENDOCRINOLOGA
ADENOHIPFISIS
REBECA D. MONK, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine,
University of Rochester School of
Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester,
New York
NEFROLITIASIS
RICHARD W. NESTO, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine,
Harvard Medical School, Boston;
Chair, Department of Cardiovascular
Medicine, Lahey Clinic Medical Center,
Burlington, Massachusetts
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
KJELL E. BERG, MD, PHD
Professor, Department of Medical
Sciences, and Dean, Medical Faculty,
Uppsala University; Attending,
Department of Endocrine Oncology,
University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
TUMORES CARCINOIDES, SNDROME CARCINOIDE
Y TRASTORNOS RELACIONADOS
KENNETH S. POLONSKY, MD
Adolphus Busch Professor and
Chairman, Department of Medicine,
Washington University in St. Louis,
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
PRINCIPIOS DE ENDOCRINOLOGA
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1
LAWRENCE G. RAISZ, MD
Board of Trustees Distinguished
Professor of Medicine, University of
Connecticut School of Medicine;
Physician, J ohn Dempsey Hospital,
Farmington, Connecticut
ENFERMEDAD SEA METABLICA
EDWARD O. REITER, MD
Professor of Pediatrics, Tufts University
School of Medicine, Boston; Chair,
Department of Pediatrics, Baystate
Childrens Hospital, Springfield,
Massachusetts
CRECIMIENTO NORMAL Y PATOLGICO
ALAN G. ROBINSON, MD
Professor of Medicine and Executive
Associate Dean, David Geffen School of
Medicine at UCLA; Associate Vice
Chancellor, Medical Sciences, University
of California at Los Angeles,
Los Angeles, California
NEUROHIPFISIS
JOHANNES A. ROMIJN, MD, PHD
Professor, Department of
Endocrinology, Leiden University
Medical School; Physician, Department
of Endocrinology, Leiden University
Medical Center, Leiden,
The Netherlands
OBESIDAD
XII Colaboradores
RON G. ROSENFELD, MD
Professor of Pediatrics, Oregon Health
& Science University School of
Medicine, Portland, Oregon, and
Stanford University School of Medicine,
Stanford, California; Senior Vice-
President for Medical Affairs, Lucile
Packard Foundation for Childrens
Health, Palo Alto, California
CRECIMIENTO NORMAL Y PATOLGICO
RICHARD SANTEN, MD
Professor of Medicine, University of
Virginia School of Medicine; Associate
Director, Clinical Research, Division of
Endocrinology and Metabolism,
University of Virginia Health System,
Charlottesville, Virginia
NEOPLASIAS CON RESPUESTA
ENDOCRINOLGICA
MARTIN-JEAN SCHLUMBERGER,
MD
Professor of Oncology, University of
Paris, Paris SWD; Chairman,
Department of Nuclear Medicine and
Endocrine Oncology, Institute Gustave
Roussy, Villejuif, France
FISIOLOGA DEL TIROIDES Y EVALUACIN
DIAGNSTICA DE LOS PACIENTES
CON TRASTORNOS TIROIDES
BOCIO DIFUSO Y NODULAR NO TXICO
Y NEOPLASIA DE TIROIDES
ALLEN SPIEGEL, MD
Marilyn and Stanley M. Katz Dean,
Albert Einstein College of Medicine,
Bronx, New York
MECANISMOS DE ACCIN DE HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN EN LA SUPERFICIE CELULAR
PAUL M. STEWART, MD, FRCP,
FMEDSCI
Professor of Medicine, The University of
Birmingham Institute of Biomedical
Research; Honorary Consultant
Physician, Department of Medicine,
University Hospital Birmingham
Foundation, NHS Trust, Birmingham,
United Kingdom
LA CORTEZA SUPRARRENAL
CHRISTIAN J. STRASBURGER, MD
Professor of Clinical Endocrinology and
Division Chief, Department of Medicine,
Charit Universittsmedizin Berlin,
Berlin, Germany
HORMONAS Y ACTIVIDAD FSICA
GORDON J. STREWLER, MD
Vice-Chairman, Department of
Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center; Professor of Medicine;
Master, Walter Bradford Cannon Society,
Harvard Medical School, Boston,
Massachusetts
MANIFESTACIONES HUMORALES
DE LAS NEOPLASIAS
DENNIS M. STYNE, MD
Rumsey Chair of Pediatric
Endocrinology, Professor of Pediatrics,
University of California, Davis School of
Medicine, Sacramento, California
PUBERTAD: ONTOGENIA,
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGA, FISIOLOGA
Y TRASTORNOS
SIMEON I. TAYLOR, MD, PHD
Vice President, Discovery Biology,
Pharmaceutical Research Institute,
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hopewell, New
J ersey
MECANISMOS DE ACCIN DE HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN EN LA SUPERFICIE
CELULAR
Colaboradores XIII
JOSEPH G. VERBALIS, MD
Professor of Medicine and Physiology
and Interim Chair, Department of
Medicine, Georgetown University
School of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief
of Medicine, Georgetown University
Hospital, Washington, DC
NEUROHIPFISIS
AARON I. VINIK, MD, PHD
Professor, Internal Medicine, Pathology,
Neurobiology, Eastern Virginia Medical
School; Director, Strelitz Diabetes
Research Institutes, Norfolk, Virginia
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS
KARL H. WEISGRABER, PHD
Professor of Pathology, University of
California, San Francisco, School of
Medicine; Senior Investigator, Gladstone
Institute of Neurological Disease, San
Francisco, California
TRASTORNOS DEL METABOLISMO LIPDICO
WILLIAM F. YOUNG, JR., MD, MSC
Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic
College of Medicine; Consultant,
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes,
Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, Minnesota
HIPERTENSIN DE ORIGEN ENDOCRINO
PREFACIO
Bienvenidos a la undcima edicin del Williams Tratado de
Endocrinologa. Aunque Robert Williams inaugur este libro
hace ms de 50 aos, los objetivos del texto no han cambiado.
Williams estableci su objetivo como una discusin conden-
sada y autorizada del tratamiento de las endocrinopatas clni-
cas basada en la aplicacin de la informacin fundamental
obtenida de la investigacin qumica y fisiolgica. Desde luego,
hoy aadiramos investigacin gentica y epidemiolgica,
adems de los abundantes datos de los ensayos clnicos como
fuentes de informacin que ayudan al control clnico. De hecho,
la inmensa y continua informacin nueva de mltiples discipli-
nas hace que un ejercicio sinttico como este tratado sea ms
importante que nunca para ayudar a los endocrinlogos a asistir
a sus pacientes. Para intensificar el objetivo de la sntesis, segui-
mos pidiendo a numerosos autores destacados que trabajen
juntos para presentar reas enteras de ciencia endocrinolgica.
La exigencia de unas presentaciones concisas responde a las
presiones de tiempo en los mdicos de hoy y al deseo de hacer
el texto asequible y de fcil navegacin.
En esta edicin se presentan muchas innovaciones impor-
tantes. Tres captulos totalmente nuevos se centran en Hormo-
nas y actividad fsica, Control neuroendocrino de las reservas
de energa y Endocrinologa del VIH y el sida. Los dos ltimos
captulos se unen a los captulos revisados sobre Obesidad,
Trastornos del metabolismo lipdico y Hormonas gastrointes-
tinales y tumores endocrinos del intestino para formar una
nueva seccin titulada Grasa corporal y metabolismo lipdico.
Se ha hecho una extensa revisin de todos los captulos y se
han aadido 12 autores.
Por primera vez se han introducido figuras en color en el
texto para permitir una eficaz comunicacin. Asimismo, se ha
utilizado un estilo uniforme para facilitar la identificacin y el
empleo de algoritmos clnicos.
Queremos expresar nuestro profundo agradecimiento a los
colaboradores de nuestras consultas, Irma Sabbag, Lynn Moulton,
Grace Labrado, Louise Ishibashi y Sherri Turner, quienes con su
gran y continuado esfuerzo han hecho posible este libro. Tambin
damos las gracias a nuestros compaeros de Elsevier, Dolores
Meloni y Anne Snyder, que navegaron por el mundo siempre
cambiante de la publicacin mdica sin alejarse de nuestros
objetivos, mantenindonos dentro de los plazos de entrega. Sus
esfuerzos han sido fundamentales para que la publicacin de
este texto de gran calidad fuera un xito.
Henry M. Kronenberg
Shlomo Melmed
Kenneth S. Polonsky
P. Reed Larsen
SECCIN I
Hormonas y acciones
de las hormonas, 1
CAPTULO 1
PRINCIPIOS DE ENDOCRINOLOGA, 3
Henry M. Kronenberg, Shlomo Melmed, P. Reed Larsen
y Kenneth S. Polonsky
CAPTULO 2
EL PACIENTE ENDOCRINOLGICO, 13
Daniel D. Federman
CAPTULO 3
CONTROL GENTICO DE LA FORMACIN
DE HORMONAS PEPTDICAS, 19
Joel F. Habener
CAPTULO 4
MECANISMO DE ACCIN DE LAS HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN SOBRE RECEPTORES
NUCLEARES, 39
Mitchell A. Lazar
CAPTULO 5
MECANISMOS DE ACCIN DE HORMONAS
QUE ACTAN EN LA SUPERFICIE CELULAR, 49
Allen Spiegel, Christin Carter-Su y Simeon I. Taylor
CAPTULO 6
TCNICAS DE LABORATORIO
PARA LA IDENTIFICACIN DE LOS TRASTORNOS
ENDOCRINOLGICOS, 69
George G. Klee
SECCIN II
Hipotlamo e hipfisis, 85
CAPTULO 7
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGA, 87
Malcolm J. Low
CAPTULO 8
ADENOHIPFISIS, 159
Shlomo Melmed y David L. Kleinberg
CAPTULO 9
NEUROHIPFISIS, 269
Alan G. Robinson y Joseph G. Verbalis
SECCIN III
Tiroides, 303
CAPTULO 10
FISIOLOGA DEL TIROIDES Y EVALUACIN
DIAGNSTICA DE LOS PACIENTES
CON TRASTORNOS TIROIDEOS, 305
P. Reed Larsen, Terry F. Davis, Martin-Jean Schlumberger
e Ian D. Hay
CAPTULO 11
TIROTOXICOSIS, 341
Terry F. Davies y P. Reed Larsen
CAPTULO 12
HIPOTIROIDISMO Y TIROIDITIS, 385
Gregory A. Brent, P. Reed Larsen y Terry F. Davies
CAPTULO 13
BOCIO DIFUSO Y NODULAR NO TXICO
Y NEOPLASIA DE TIROIDES, 419
Martin-Jean Schlumberger, Sebastiano Filetti e Ian D. Hay
SECCIN IV
Corteza suprarrenal e hipertensin
de origen endocrino, 451
CAPTULO 14
LA CORTEZA SUPRARRENAL, 453
Paul M. Stewart
CAPTULO 15
HIPERTENSIN DE ORIGEN ENDOCRINO, 513
William F. Young, Jr.
SECCIN V
Reproduccin, 547
CAPTULO 16
FISIOLOGA Y PATOLOGA DEL EJE REPRODUCTOR
FEMENINO, 549
Serdar E. Bulun y Eli Y. Adashi
CAPTULO 17
ANTICONCEPCIN HORMONAL, 623
Philip D. Darney
NDICE
XVIII ndice
CAPTULO 18
TRASTORNOS TESTICULARES, 655
Shalender Bhasin
CAPTULO 19
DISFUNCIN SEXUAL EN HOMBRES
Y MUJERES, 711
Shalender Bhasin y Rosemary Basson
SECCIN VI
Endocrinologa y vida, 749
CAPTULO 20
CAMBIOS ENDOCRINOS EN EL EMBARAZO, 751
Glenn D. Braunstein
CAPTULO 21
ENDOCRINOLOGA DEL DESARROLLO FETAL, 765
Delbert A. Fisher
CAPTULO 22
TRASTORNOS DEL DESARROLLO SEXUAL, 793
John C. Achermann e Ieuan A. Hughes
CAPTULO 23
CRECIMIENTO NORMAL Y PATOLGICO, 859
Edward O. Reiter y Ron G. Rosenfeld
CAPTULO 24
PUBERTAD: ONTOGENIA,
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGA, FISIOLOGA
Y TRASTORNOS, 981
Dennis M. Styne y Melvin M. Grumbach
CAPTULO 25
HORMONAS Y ACTIVIDAD FSICA, 1179
Fabio Lanfranco, Ezio Ghigo y Christian J. Strasburger
CAPTULO 26
ENDOCRINOLOGA Y ENVEJECIMIENTO, 1197
Steven W. J. Lamberts
SECCIN VII
Metabolismo mineral, 1213
CAPTULO 27
HORMONAS Y ALTERACIONES DEL METABOLISMO
MINERAL, 1215
F. Richard Bringhurst, Marie B. Demay y Henry M. Kronenberg
CAPTULO 28
ENFERMEDAD SEA METABLICA, 1281
Joseph A. Lorenzo, Ernesto Canalis y Lawrence G. Raisz
CAPTULO 29
NEFROLITIASIS, 1323
Rebeca D. Monk y David A. Bushinsky
SECCIN VIII
Trastornos de los hidratos
de carbono y del metabolismo, 1339
CAPTULO 30
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, 1341
John B. Buse, Kenneth S. Polonsky y Charles F. Burant
CAPTULO 31
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 1, 1405
George S. Eisenbarth, Kenneth S. Polonsky y John B. Buse
CAPTULO 32
COMPLICACIONES DE LA DIABETES
MELLITUS, 1431
Michael Brownlee, Lloyd P. Aiello, Mark E. Cooper, Aaron I. Vinik,
Richard W. Nesto y Andrew J. M. Boulton
CAPTULO 33
HOMEOSTASIS DE LA GLUCOSA
E HIPOGLUCEMIA, 1519
Philip E. Cryer
SECCIN IX
Grasa corporal y metabolismo
lipdico, 1551
CAPTULO 34
CONTROL NEUROENDOCRINO
DE LAS RESERVAS DE ENERGA, 1553
Roger D. Cone y Joel K. Elmquist
CAPTULO 35
OBESIDAD, 1579
Samuel Klein y Johannes A. Romijn
CAPTULO 36
TRASTORNOS DEL METABOLISMO LIPDICO, 1605
Robert W. Mahley, Karl H. Weisgraber y Thomas P. Bersot
CAPTULO 37
ENDOCRINOLOGA DEL VIH Y EL SIDA, 1671
Steven K. Grinspoon
CAPTULO 38
HORMONAS GASTROINTESTINALES Y TUMORES
ENDOCRINOS DEL INTESTINO, 1691
Daniel J. Drucker
SECCIN X
Trastornos poliendocrinos, 1711
CAPTULO 39
FISIOPATOLOGA DE LOS TUMORES
ENDOCRINOS, 1713
Andrew Arnold
ndice XIX
CAPTULO 40
NEOPLASIA ENDOCRINA MLTIPLE, 1721
Robert F. Gagel y Stephen J. Marx
CAPTULO 41
SNDROMES DE INMUNOENDOCRINOPATAS, 1763
Jennifer M. Barker, Peter A. Gottlieb y George S. Eisenbarth
SECCIN XI
Sndromes paraendocrinos
y neoplsicos, 1777
CAPTULO 42
NEOPLASIAS CON RESPUESTA
ENDOCRINOLGICA, 1779
Richard Santen
CAPTULO 43
MANIFESTACIONES HUMORALES
DE LAS NEOPLASIAS, 1819
Gordon J. Strewler
CAPTULO 44
TUMORES CARCINOIDES, SNDROME
CARCINOIDE Y TRASTORNOS
RELACIONADOS, 1837
Kjell E. berg
ndice alfabtico 1857