Centre For Maritime Education & Training , Lucknow

Manual for
Personal safety & Social responsibility
Centre for Maritime Education & Training,Lucknow
Off: 476 Kms Milestone , Bakshi ka Talab , Sitapur Road , Lukno!, "#$#
Tel: %&'' ( '7)&%*& , '7)&747 , %&'*' ( '+*6%+ , ,a-: %&'' ( '7)&+.7
/ell:%+))&67')6* , email:met0nimpe-intl#om
INDEX
CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGE
NOS.
1 Emergency procedure on !o"rd #$1%
# Po&&u'(on pre)en'(on 1*$#+
, S"-e'y p.(&oop.y "nd "-e /or0(ng pr"c'(ce #%$,1
+ S"-e '.(n0(ng "nd "cc(den' pre)en'(on o- !o"rd ,1$+#
% Commun(c"'(on +,$%%
* In'erperon"& re&"'(on.(p %*$*,
2 Soc("& repon(!(&('(e *+$2%
TI3E TAB4E

PERIODS DA5 1 DA5 # DA5 ,
1
'
PERIOD
61111 7 11,1
In'roduc'(on
And
Emergency procedure
On !o"rd
S"-e'y P.(&oop.y
And
S"-e 8or0(ng pr"c'(ce
In'er Peron"&
Re&"'(on.(p
#
nd
per(od
611,1 7 1,119
Emergency procedure
On !o"rd
S"-e T.(n0(ng
And
Acc(den' Pre)en'(on
Bo"rd
In'er Peron"&
Re&"'(on.(p
4unc. Bre"0
,
rd
Per(od
61+11 7 1%,19
Po&&u'(on Pre)en'(on
Commun(c"'(on Soc("& Repon(!(&('(e
+
'.
per(od
61%,1$12119
Po&&u'(on pre)en'(on Aemen'
And
Cer'(-(c"'(on
COURSE OUT LINE/ SYLLABUS
SN
SUBJECT HRS
1. E3ERGENC5 PROCEDURES ON BOARD ,.#
Type of emergencies
Ship board coningency p!ans for response o emergencies
Emergency signa!s" m#ser !is" m#ser saions" correc #se of persona! safey e$#ipmen
Acion o a%e on disco&ering poenia! emergency
Acion o a%e on hearing emergency a!arm signa!
'a!#e of raining and dri!!s
(no)!edge of escape ro#es and inerna! comm#nicaion/ a!arm sysems* +*,
# PO44UTION PRE:ENTATIONS
Effecs of operaiona! or accidena! po!!#ion of he marine en&ironmen
Basic en&ironmena! proecion proced#re
-AR.OL /0+/01
, SA;ET5 PHI4OSOPH5 AND SA;E 8OR<ING
PRACTICES
2*3
Imporan of adhering o safe )or%ing pracices
Safey and proeci&e de&ices
Enering enc!osed spaces4 proced#res and preca#ion
+ SA;E THIN<ING AND ACCIDENT PRE:ETION
ON BOARD
2*3
5ami!iari6aion )ih inernaiona! meas#res concerning acciden proecion and
occ#paiona! ha6ards
% CO33UNICATION ON BOARD +*,
5#ndamena! of comm#nicaion
Effeci&e ransmission s%i!!s
Effeci&e !isening s%i!!s
-ehod o impro&e comm#nicaion
* INTERPERSONA4 RE4ATIONSHIP +*,
E!emens in&o!&ed in eam b#i!ding
Effeci&e )or%ing in m#!i!ing#a!/ m#!ic#!#ra! en&ironmen
Iner dependence and m##a! respec
Transaciona! ana!ysis
7iscip!ine" se!f conro! and professiona!ism
2 SOCIA4 RESPONSIBI4ITIES 2*3
Emp!oymen condiions
Indi&id#a!s righs and ob!igaions
7r#gs and a!coho!ic ab#ses
AI7S
= COURSE DISCUSSION AND E:A4UATION 2*3
TOTA4 1=.1
INTRODUCTION
The fo#ndaion sone of he insi#e )as !aid do)n by he !egend of he mariime )or!d*
CAPT. H. SUBRA3ANIA3 E8TRA -ASTER 5*R* -e*s 9 -*R*I*N9 5*N*I* -*I* -ar*
Tech9 -*I* -e*S* 5*C*-*-*:9 .RINCI.ALS LBS co!!age of ad&anced mariime s#dies
; research <-inisry of s#rface ranspor =o&* of India on 2,
h
of A.RIL 2>>> a ba%shi
%a Ta!ab L#c%no)
T.e D(rec'or Gener"& O- S.(pp(ng gr"n'ed "ppro)"& 'o '.e (n'('u'e on #=
'.
3A5
1>>> for cond#cing &ario#s STC?*>3* Co#rse and as a res#! he insi#e sared
cond#cing c!asses from +
rd
@UNE 2>>>* SiA baches of .SSR ha&e a!ready been
s#ccessf#!!y r#n by he insi#e*
On he basic of he feedbac% recei&ed d#ring he cond#cion of he pre&io#s c#rses and
)ih and #rge o consan!y impro&e he co#rse maeria!" some re!e&an opics ha&e been
added in his re&ised ediion in order o impro&e he $#a!iy of raining being offered by
he insi#e* This is sep o)ards o#r commimen of pro&iding $#a!iy raining and
raining maeria!*
The obBeci&es of he .SSR co#rse is o pro&ide basic/ insr#cions in persona! safey and
socia! responsibi!iy o seafarer engaged in any capaciy on board ship before being
assigned o any shipboard d#ies as re$#ired by STC?C>3 secion A/'I/I .ara D :*2*E*
The opics of his boo%!e are re!e&an o he opics co&ered #nder he sy!!ab#s of he
co#rse persona! safey and socia! responsibi!iy o seafarer as re$#ired by STCEC>3
secion A/'I/I .ara :*2*E ab!e A/'I/I*E
This .SSR man#a! pro&ides informaion and g#ide!ines on proced#res recommended o
be fo!!o)ed and meas#res o be adoped for impro&ing he safey on board" persona!
hea!h and pre&en po!!#ion of he en&ironmen* S#ggesion are a!so gi&en for
mainaining proper hea!h" safey of he seafarer and pre&en en&ironmen po!!#ion*
Umos care has been a%en o co&er a!! possibi!iies re!aed o safe )or%ing pracices b#
i is si!! recommended ha he references o oher re!aed !iera#re &i6* man#a!s"
Bo#rna!s" maga6ines and ind#sria! codes sho#!d be incorporaed as i is an ongoing
process and here is no end of possibi!iies and ris%s* Seafarer sho#!d a!)ays bear in mind
ha hey no on!y ha&e a d#y o a%e care of hemse!&es b# a!so o a%e care for oherCs
hea!h and he en&ironmen*
Any e&en#a!iy e&en if of minor na#re sho#!d no be o&er!oo%ed and sho#!d be repored
o he person and a#horiy concerned o a&er any imminen danger o he &esse!s and he
en&ironmen* A!! seafarer ha&e indi&id#a! as )e!! as co!!eci&e responsibi!iies o)ards
heir fe!!o) and he en&ironmen aro#nd hem*
5or he benefi of seafarer many safey re!aed opics o# of he domain of .SSR sy!!ab#s
ha&e a!so been disc#ssed as hey are no o# of p!ace here and can be grea #se in dai!y
!ife a sea*
Reference for he hando#s/ man#a!s are4
STC?C>3
SOLAS
-AR.OL
Code of safe pracices for merchan seaman
.ersona! inB#ry pre&enion and agenda o good pracices
Body reso#rce managemen
'ario#s boo%s on FR7 and managemen
CHAPTER ?1
E3ERGNEC5 PROCEDURES ON BOARD
61.19 INTRODUCTION
Emergency genera!!y comes #na!armed* The sraegy of a!! he personne! on board ship
sho#!d be s#ch ha as soon as an emergency sri%e )e sho#!d be in a posiion o p#
for)ard o#r bes effors o ac%!e he si#aion be red#cing !oss of !ife and propery o he
minim#m* 5or his )e ha&e o be a!)ays a!er" agi!e and $#ic% o reac o he si#aion*
There are so many echni$#e a&ai!ab!e by )hich )e can a&er he disaser*
The firs princip!e o dea! )ih any emergency is o ne&er panic and #se common sense*
This can be achie&ed on!y if he person has #ndergone eAensi&e and horo#gh disaser
managemen raining )hich sim#!ae he ac#a! condiions and h#s prepare he person
he person o face he ac#a! condiions in he bes possib!e manner* If he raining has
been s#ccessf#!!y accomp!ished hen he persons )i!! be ha&ing he ideas o ac%!e he
emergency si#aions in his s#b/ conscio#s mind and a !o of ime and energy is sa&ed
)hich )o#!d oher)ise go )ase by hin%ing he righ sraegy on he spo*
In he emergency si#aion he acion of each person is &ia!* If hey are )or%ing in a
gro#p hen here sho#!d be an e!emen of cohesi&eness in a!! heir acions*
Some of he maBor emergency si#aion on ships" )here ris% o !ife and propery is
in&o!&ed may be !ised as fo!!o)s*
2* 5ire
:* Abandon ship
+* Co!!ision /f!ooding
E* Sranding/ gro#nding
3* Oi! spi!!/ discharge
G* Enc!ose space enry/ e&ac#aion" ec*
0* Resc#e a sea
1* -an o&erboard
>* -ain engine fai!#re
2,* Seering fai!#re
22* =yro / compass fai!#re
2:* Bridge conro! / e!egraph fai!#re
2+* Fea&y )eaher
2E* Tan% eAp!osion
23* Ani D piracy
2G* 7ragging anchor
61.#9 3USTER AND DRI4S
-#ser and dri!!s are re$#ired o be carried o# reg#!ar!y in accordance )ih merchan
shipping reg#!aions* The g#ide!ines conained in his chaper sho#!d be red in
conB#ncion )ih he g#ide!ines gi&en in he re!e&an merchan shipping noices*
-#sers and dri!!s ha&e he obBeci&es of preparing a rained and organi6ed response o
he si#aion of grea diffic#!y )hich may #neApeced!y hreaen !oss of !ife a sea* I is
imporan ha hey sho#!d be carried o# rea!isica!!y" approaching as c!ose!y as possib!e
o emergency condiion* Changes in he shipCs personne! d#ies sho#!d be ref!eced in
m#serCs !is as soon as possib!e afer he changes ha&e been made*
The m#ser !is sho#!d be conspic#o#s!y posed a a!! imes* In he ships c!asses ii A and
III sho#!d be s#pp!emened by emergency insr#cions for each cre) member <e*g* in he
form of a card iss#ed o each cre) member or affiAed o indi&id#a! cre) berhs or b#n%sH*
These insr#cions sho#!d describe he a!!ocaed m#ser saion" s#r&i&a! craf and
emergency d#ies and a!! ypes of emergency signa!s and acions o be a%en hearing s#ch
signa!s*
As soon as possib!e b# no !aer han G hrs* afer Boining he ship he cre) members
sho#!d a!so fami!iari6e hem )ih heir emergency d#ies" he significance of he &ario#s
a!arm signa!s and he !ocaions of heir !ife boa saions and !ocaions of a!! !ife sa&ing
and fire fighing e$#ipmen*
A!! he shipCs personne! sho#!d m#ser a emergency dri!! )earing !ife Bac%es proper!y
sec#re* The !ife Bac%es sho#!d a!)ays o be )orn d#ring !ife boa dri!! and !a#nching of
s#r&i&a! craf*
The iming of emergency dri!!s sho#!d be s#ch ha mos of shipCs saff sho#!d be ab!e o
aend i*
A!! do#bs or deficiencies ref!eced d#ring dri!!s sho#!d be remo&ed a once
61.,9 ;IRE
The )or% I5IREJ can be considered as an acronym )here each !eer denoes an aci&iy"
)hich is as fo!!o)ing4
;IND D he fire !earn of is si6e" !ocaion and comb#sib!es in&o!&ed *
IN;OR3 D The bridge and so#nd he a!arm immediae!y D e&en if he fire appears sma!!*
RESTRICT DThe fire by c!osing doors" iso!aing f#e! and e!ecric s#pp!y and c!osing
&eni!aion* Use bo#ndary coo!ing*
EXTINGUISH/ The fire by #sing he correc ype of fire fighing maeria! and
e$#ipmen in a p!anned )ay* Use of SCBA and proeci&e c!ohing can be resored o*
6 1.,.19;IRE DRI44S
Efficien fire fighing demands perfec coordinaion among a!! cre) members* A fire dri!!
sho#!d be he!d sim#!aneo#s!y )ih he abandon ship dri!!* 5ire fighing paries sho#!d
assemb!e a heir designed saion on so#nding he a!arm*
Engine room personne! sho#!d sar he fire p#mps in machinery spaces and see ha f#!!
press#re is p# on fire mains* Any emergency p#mp si#aed o#side machinery spaces
sho#!d a!so be sared and a!! members of he cre) sho#!d %no) ho) o sar and operae
he p#mp*
The fire paries sho#!d be sen from heir designaed saions o he se!eced sie of he
s#pposed fire" a%ing )ih hen emergency e$#ipmen s#ch as aAes and !amp and
breahing appara#s* The !ocaions sho#!d be changed in s#ccessi&e dri!!s o gi&e pracice
in differen condiions and in dea!ing )ih differen ypes of fire so ha accommodaion"
machinery spaces" sore rooms ga!!eys and cargo ho!ds or areas of high fire ha6ards are
a!! co&ered from ime o ime )ih in hree mohs*
Ade$#ae n#mber of hoses o dea! )ih he ass#med fire sho#!d be rea!isica!!y dep!oyed*
A some sage in he dri!!" hey sho#!d be esed by bringing hem ino #se" firs by )aer
pro&ided from he machinery space p#mp and second!y )ih )aer from he emergency
p#mp a!one*
The dri!! sho#!d eAend o he esing and he demonsraion of he remoe conro!s for
&eni!aing fans" f#e! p#mps and f#e! an%Cs &a!&e and he c!osing of opening*
5iAed eAing#ishing insa!!aion sho#!d a!so be esed*
.orab!e fire eAing#ishers sho#!d a!so be made a&ai!ab!e for demonsraion of heir ype
and mehod of operaion* They sho#!d inc!#de he differen ypes app!icab!e o differen
si#aions a each dri!!s" ens#ing ha each members of he fire pary ges a %no) he
mehod of operaion of each ype of eAing#isher* eAing#isher so #sed sho#!d be
recharged before being re#rned o heir norma! !ocaion or s#fficien spare sho#!d
oher)ise be carried for demonsraion p#rpose*
Breahing appara#s sho#!d be )orm by members of he fire fighing paries so ha each
members ges eAperience of his o)n* Search and resc#e eAercise sho#!d be #ndera%en in
he &ario#s pars of he ship* The appara#s sho#!d be c!eaned and &erified and o be in
good order before i is so)ed and cy!inders of se!f conained breahing appara#s sho#!d
be recharged*
5ire app!iances" fire and )aer igh doors and oher c!osing app!iances" fire deecion and
a!arm sysem )hich ha&e no been #se in he dri!! sho#!d be reg#!ar!y inspeced o ens#re
if hey are in )or%ing order* A!! he re!e&an sa#ory re$#iremens a!so be comp!ied
)ih* They sho#!d reg#!ar!y be mainained and ser&iced as per he man#fac#reCs
insr#cions*
61.,#9 ACTION IN THE E:ENT O; ;IRE
The ris% of fire brea%ing o# on board ship canno be e!iminaed comp!ee!y b# is
chances can be red#ced considerab!y if he proper preca#ions ha&e been a%en and
ad&ice gi&en in he safey code is re!igio#s!y fo!!o)ed a a!! imes*
Training in fire fighing proced#res and mainenance of e$#ipmen sho#!d be ass#red by
reg#!ar dri!!s in accordance )ih chaper 22/: of SOLAS and i is a!so imporan ha
here sho#!d be no obsr#cion in accessing he fire fighing e$#ipmen a a!! ime and he
emergency escapes and passages are ne&er b!oc%ed* A )rien do)n fire fighing p!an
sho#!d a!)ays be a&ai!ab!e ob board he ship*
A fire in is firs fe) min#es can be easi!y eAing#ished if promp and correc acion is
a%en and he damage can be minimi6ed*
If fire brea%s o#" he a!arm sho#!d be raised and he bridge be informed immediae!y* If
he ship is in por he !oca! fire a#horiy sho#!d be ca!!ed* If possib!e an aemp sho#!d
be made o eAing#ish or !imi he fire by an appropriae means eiher #sing s#iab!e
porab!e eAing#isher or by smohering he fire depending on )ha ype of fire a%en
p!ace*
The differen ype of porab!e fire eAing#ishers on board are appropriae o differen
%inds of fire* They sho#!d be #sed &ery caref#!!y* The )aer eAing#ishers sho#!d ne&er
be #sed on e!ecrica! fires*
Opening o he space sho#!d be sh# o red#ce he s#pp!y of air o he fire and o pre&en
is spreading* Any f#e! !ines feeding he fire or hreaened by i sho#!d be iso!aed* If
possib!e comb#sib!e maeria! adBacen o he fire sho#!d be remo&ed*
If a space is fi!!ing )ih smo%e and f#mes a!! he person sho#!d !ea&e ha p!ace
immediae!y and he person proper!y e$#ipped )ih breahing appara#s sho#!d ener he
p!ace for fighing he fire*
Escape sho#!d be effeced by cra)!ing on hands and %nees beca#se air c!osed o he !e&e!
is !i%e!y o be re!ai&e!y c!ear han he s#rro#ndings*
Afer a fire has been eAing#ished preca#ions" sho#!d be a%en agains is sponaneo#s re/
igniion and here sho#!d be a consan paro!!ing* .ersonne! )iho# )earing breahing
appara#s sho#!d no re ener a p!ace in )hich a fire has B#s occ#rred before i has been
f#!!y &eni!aed*
<1.,.,9$ C4ASSI;ICATION O; ;IRES
C4$
ASS
T5PE DESCRIPTION EXTINGUISHING
3EDIA
I3PORTANT POINTS
A Carbonaceo#s ?ood fibers maeria!s"
mos f#rnishing ec
?aer EAing#ishing by coo!ing
7rench deep seaed fi
B 'o!ai!e
.ero!e#m
5!ash poin G,C 5oam CO" <enc!osed
spaces
On!yHdry po)der <sma!!
firesH
Smooher o eAing#ish*
7anger of re/ igniion #ni! coo!ed
Non D &o!ai!e
.ero!e#m
5!ash poin G,C and
Abo&e
5oam )aer spray or fog
CO:
<enc!osed spaces on!yHdry
.o)der<sma!! firesH
Smooher o eAing#ish
7anger of re/ igniion #ni! coo!ed
Some chemica!s 'ary )ide!y A!coho! resisan foam
CO: po)der*
A!)ays obain ad&ance informaion
regarding bes medi#m possib!e o of
eAing#ish* 7anger of oAin gases*
Oi!s and fas 5rying and coo%ing
Oi!s ec* &ery high
5!ash poins
7ry po)der CO:" BC5"
foam
Type eAing#isher*
Ne&er #se )aer" )aer
Spray of foam* 7anger
Re/ igniion #ni! coo!ed
.ains 5oam )aer spray CO:/
ha!on
<enc!osed spaces on!yH
7anger of re/igniion #ni! coo!ed
C =ases -ehane propane"
B#ane ec*
7ry po)der Sh# off f#e! so#rce before
eAing#ishing
Chemica! gases 'ario#s inc!*
Ammonia* 'C- ec
7ry po)der A!)ays obain ad&ance informaion
regarding danger
Of oAin gases
7 -ea!!ic Boi!er #pa%e fires
A!!oys ec*
?aer -assi&e drenching
E!ecrica! fires

Circ#i" s)ichboards
Radio and na&igaion
E$#ipmen
7ry po)der CO:" BC5 Iso!aed e!ecrica!
s#pp!y
EXTINGUISHER CO4UR CODES 8ATER 7 RED DR5 PO8DER B4UE. CO#$
B4AC< ;OA3
61.+9 7 ABANDONSHIP
61.+.19 7 SUR:I:A4 CRA;T DRI44S@
Arrangemen for dri!!s sho#!d a!so a%e ino acco#n he pre&ai!ing )eaher condiions*
Cre) members a%ing par in !ife boa or !ife raf dri!!s sho#!d m#ser )earing )arm
o#er c!ohing and !ife Bac%es proper!y sec#red*
?here appropriae" he !o)ering gear and choc%s sho#!d be inspeced and a chec% made
o ens#re ha a!! )or%ing pars are )e!! !#bricaed*
?hen #ning o# da&is or )hen bringing boas or rafs onboard #nder po)er" seaman
sho#!d a!)ays %eep c!ear of any mo&ing pars*
The engine on moor !ife boas sho#!d be sared and r#n ahead and asern* Care sho#!d
be a%en o a&oid o&er heaing of he engine and he prope!!er shafs sern g!and* A!!
personne! sho#!d be fami!iar )ih he engine saring proced#res*
Fand operaed mechanica! prope!!ing gear sho#!d a!so be eAamined and esed*
?aer spray sysems of oa!!y enc!osed !ifeboas sho#!d be esed according o he
man#fac#reCs insr#cions*
?hen a dri!! is he!d in pors mos of he !ife boas sho#!d be c!ear and s)ig o#* Each !ife
boas sho#!d be !a#nched and !o)ered in he )aer a !eas once in hree monhs* ?here
!a#nching of free fa!! !ife boas is impracicab!e* The iner&a! be)een s#ch dri!!s sho#!d
no eAceed hree monhs*
?here sim#!aneo#s!y off/ !oad/ on D !oad re!ease arrangemens are pro&ided* =rea care
sho#!d be eAercised o ens#re ha he hoo%s are f#!!y engaged before a boa is reco&ered"
afer i has been so)ed and prior o !a#nching*
?here da&i !a#nched !ife rafs are carried on Dboard" raining inc!#ding an inf!aion"
m#s be carried o# a iner&a!s no eAceeding fo#r monhs* =rea care sho#!d be a%en o
ens#re ha he hoo% is proper!y engaged before a%ing he )eigh of he rafs* The re!ease
mechanism sho#!d no be #n!oc%ed #ni! B#s prior o he rafs !anding in he )aer* If he
raf #sed for he inf!aion is par of he shipCs sa#ory e$#ipmen and no a specia!
raining rafs" hen i m#s be repac%ed a an appro&ed ser&ices saion*

The hand!e of he !ifeboas )inch )o#!d roae d#ring he operaion of he )inch" i
sho#!d be remo&ed before ha boa is !o)ered on he bra%e or raised )ih an e!ecric
moor* If a hand!e canno be remo&ed" personne! sho#!d %eep )e!! c!ear of i*
.ersonne! in a resc#e boa or s#r&i&a! craf being !o)ered sho#!d remain seaed" %eeping
heir hands inside he g#n)a!e o a&oid hem being cr#shed agains he ship side* Life
Bac%e sho#!d be )orn* In oa!!y enc!osed !ifeboas sea be!s sho#!d be sec#red* On!y he
!a#nching cre) sho#!d remain in a !ife boa being raised o sec#ring posiion*
7#ring dri!!s" !ife b#oys and !ines sho#!d be readi!y a&ai!ab!e a poin of embar%aion*
?hi!e crafs are in he )aer cre) sho#!d pracice mane#&ering he boa by oar* Sai! or
po)er as appropriae and sho#!d operae he )aer spray sysem in enc!osed !ife boas*
Seaman sho#!d %eep heir fingers c!ear of he !ong !in% )hen #nhoo%ing or sec#ring
b!oc%s on o !ifing hoo%s )hi!e he boa is in )aer" and paric#!ar!y )hen here is a s)e!!
in he )aer* Before craf in gra&iy da&is are reco&ered by po)er" he operaion of he
!imi s)iches or simi!ar de&ices sho#!d be chec%ed*
A porab!e hois #ni #sed o reco&er a boa sho#!d be pro&ided )ih a c!#ch or ha&e an
aachmen o resis he or$#e* These sho#!d be chec%ed* If none of he de&ice is
a&ai!ab!e" he craf sho#!d be raised in posiion by hand*
?here !ife rafs are carried" insr#cions sho#!d be gi&en o he shipCs personne! for
!a#nching hand!ing and operaion* -ehods of boarding hem and he disposiion of
e$#ipmen and sores sho#!d a!so be eAp!ained*
The sa#ory sca!e of !ife sa&ing app!iance m#s be mainained a a!! ime if he #se of a
!ife raf for pracice )o#!d bring e$#ipmen be!o) he specified sca!es" a rep!acemen
m#s firs be made a&ai!ab!e*
61.+.#9$ ABANDONSHIP B5 4I;ERA;T@
La#nch raf according o insr#cions
Board !ife rafs %eeping dry if possib!e
?hen a!! on board" c# painer <%nife !ocaed a doorH
?hen raf c!ear of danger" sream sea anchor
@eison sharp obBec" reain foo)ear
Remo&e )aer #sing ba!ers and sponges
Inf!ae f!oor in co!d condiions" c!ose doors
E&ery one o a%e sea sic%ness pi!!s
61.+.,9 7 SUR:IA4
PROTECTION Co&d 0(&&$ /.en po(!&e 0eep dry "nd /"rm
;rom e&emen' Su! !urn 7 /e"r c&o'.(ngA 0eep co)ered
4OCATION Con'"c' ou'(de /or&d !y@
EPIRB 6By G3DSS 8or&d/(de9
SART 63"B(mum #+ m(&e9
;&"re 11 m(&e 6"' n(g.'9
Roc0e' 7 ,1 m(&e
Smo0eA m(rrorA -&"re % m(&e 6d"y9
8ATER Co&&ec' r"(n /"'er
Iued no /"'er -or -(r' #+ .our eBcep' -or '.oe
(nCuredA
Hence 1.* &('er 61 p(n'9 per peron e"c. #+ .our
Per(od.
R"'(on -ur'.er 1.* &('er 61 p(n' 9 per peron rem"(n(ng
Do no' dr(n0 e" /"'er or ur(ne
;OOD No' een'("& 'o (mmed("'e ur)()"&
;reDuen' (ue$ Du"n'('(e " per reDu(remen'
depend(ng
Upon "ge "nd c&(m"'e cond('(on
Do no' e"' -(. un&e /"'er ( p&en'y
E)eryone 'o '"0e e" (c0ne p(&&
61.%9 ACTION TO BE TA<EN IN CO44ISIONE ;4OODING 6CHEC<4IST9@
A!arm raised <inerna! ; eAerna! H K
Fead co#n doneK
7amage assessmen inc!#ding possibi!iy of po!!#ion done K
Are a!! )aer D igh and a#o fire doors sh# K
On '"n0erF 7amage assessmen for possibi!iy of fire done K
Fas C/Eng* Been informed o ready iner gas sysem K
Is fiAed foam sysem for dec% on !ineK
Sop )aer ingress* So#nd a!! bi!ges/ an% ecK
Are &esse!Cs p#mps" generaors ; a#Ai!iary machinery operaiona!K
Fa&e meas#res been a%en o pre&en progressi&e f!oodingK
Are !ifeboas !o)ered o embar%aion dec%K
Fa&e chec%ed )ih maser of oher &esse! in&o!&ed )eaher he re$#ires any
assisanceK
Fa&e boh &esse!s eAchanged names" por of regisry" !as por" neA por ;
o)nerCs deai!sK
Fas )rien noice o maser of oher &esse!s been ser&edK
Fas effec of damage on he &esse!Cs sabi!iy and sress been &erifies
Fas effecs of redisrib#ion of )eighs on he &esse!Cs sabi!iy and sress been
chec%edK
Fas o)ner been informed as per coningency p!an formeK
Fas repor o f!ag sae been madeK
?hen in conro!!ed )aer)ays D has he !oca! a#horiy been ad&ised" i*e* coas
g#ardK
No e)(dence ( 'o !e er"ed or correc'ed onF
?or%ing chars" !og boo%s" dec% D engine D radio mo&emen boo%s" dec% and
engine co#rse recorder echo so#nder ec*
H")e -o&&o/(ng de'"(& !een no'edG
'esse!Cs posiion a he ime of acciden
EAac ime of co!!ision ; c!oc%s synchroni6ed
Feading a ime of co!!ision
Esimaed ang!e of b!o) by or o he oher &esse!
Esimaed speed of each &esse! a ime of co!!ision
Any a!eraion of c#rse and speed prior o co!!ision
A!! cre) members )ho )ere on bridge" )inessed inciden o record heir
acco#n prior o and afer he co!!ision* These and a!! records and
saemens are o addressed o IO)ner so!iciorJ and be reained by
maser*
Any scrape of paper )hich ha&e been disposed on bridge )ase bas%e
been rerie&ed*
I- p(&o' on !r(dge D has he signed mo&emen boo% K
<2*GH/ CHEC<4IST ;OR GROUNDINGE STRANDING@
Is engine soppedK
Emergency a!arm so#ndedK
?aer igh doors c!osedK
'F5 )ach mainained on ch*2GK
Board cas o oher &esse!s is madeK
7amage assessmen done/ damage conro! K
'esse!Cs sabi!iy /sress &erified D cargo/ ba!!as ransfer is re$#ired K
O)ner /f!ag sae/ c!assificaion sociey informedK
7i&er arrangedK
So#nd signa!s made" !igh/ shapes eAhibiedK
7ec% !igh s)ich onK
Bi!geCs and an%s so#ndedK
O&er/side so#nding a%enK
'esse!Cs posiion a&ai!ab!e in radio room" sae!!ie ermina! and oher a#omaic
disress ransmiers #pdaes as necessaryK
No e&idence o be erased/ correced on na&igaiona! chars" !og boo%s co#rse
recorder" echo so#nder ec*
61.119 TAN< EXP4OSION 6CHEC<4IST9
Raise a!arm <inerna! ; eAerna!H
Fead co#n done < a emergency head $#arerH
Inform engine room
As% fiAed fighing sysems/ foam sysem for dec% !ine
As% dec% )aer hro#gh emergency fire p#mp
On an%er D as% engine room o ha&e I=S on !ine
Spray accommodaion form b#!%head )ih sea )aer*
AdB#s co#rse and speed o minimi6e fire spread and smo%e
Transmi #rgency message
(eep sand bye !ife D boas a embar%aion dec%
Ascerain po!!#ion !e&e! a sea <if anyH
Inform f!ag sae*
61.119 DRAGGING ANCHOR 6o/n .(p9
Inform engine room o prepare engine ASA.*
Inform maser and chief engineer
.o)er is )ind!ass
Ca!! anchor saion
Ca!! $#arer maser
Tes a!! conro!s <if ime a&ai!ab!e H
S)ich on seering moor" radar
Inform on 'F5 a!! &esse! aro#nd
(eep record of a!! e&ens in be!! boo%s
.ay o# more cab!e
(eep second anchor ready for !eing go <second anchor sho#!d be !e go )hen
sheered a)ay from firs anchor* If re$#ireH
Inform harbo#r a#horiy
.# )hee! hard o&er a)ay from firs anchor
If anchor no ho!ding again hen pic% #p and re Danchor
61.1#9 H5DROSTATIC RE4EASE UNIT 6HRU9@
This mechanism is designed o re!ease he !ife D rafs in is conainer" sho#!d he ship
fo#nder* I is operaed by he ingress of )aer hro#gh is aper#res in he body of he
re!ease mechanism* The press#re of he sea )aer a he deph of approAimae!y G meer
be!o) he s#rface" ca#ses a diaphragm o rip he pa)! of he hydrosaic re!ease" h#s
re!easing he Lcoa hangerC from he Ba)s of he #ni* The hydrosaic re!ease m#s no be
pained* 5oreign maer and pain b!oc%s he aper#res pre&ening he mechanism from
operaing a he correc deph* The #ni can be operaed man#a!!y by remo&ing he safey
LRC c!ip from operaing arm and pressing hard on he Lp#sh o re!easeC b#on
1.297 RESCUE AT SEA 6CHEC<4IST9@
Fas &esse! o )hose resc#e proceeding been ad&isedK
Fas 75 bearing/ posiion of disressed &esse! been obainedK
Is disress fre$#ency !isening )ach being mainainedK
-ainain comm#nicaion from SAR &esse!s and aircraf
.!o posiions of oher aending &esse!s )hom ha&e de&iaed for resc#e*
Fas &esse!Cs charer/ o)ner been ad&ised of &esse!Cs de&iaionK
Fas characer and o)ner permission of &esse! in disress being a%en for sa&ing
propery a sea*
7isc#ss p!an of resc#e )ih chief officer and chief engineer*
.repare !ife boas and fas resc#e boas*
.repare boarding arrangemen for resc#ed persons persons*
Repor o f!ag sae*
61.=9 3ANO:ERBOARD 6CHEC<4IST9@
Re!ease !ife b#oys )ih !igh" f!are/smo%e signa!
Ta%e ?i!!iamson #rn <o)ards man D o&erboard sideH
Raise a!arm" inform maser and ca!!ing emergency saion
Fead co#n
.os !oo%o# for !ife D b#oy re!eased/ radar on
Inform engine room and as% engine on sand bye for mane#&ering
-ane#&er &esse! as per recommendaion on )hee! ho#se poser*
Inform &esse! a!! aro#nd on 'F5 ch* 2G
So#nd hree !ong b!as and repea necessary*
Resc#e boaCs cre) assemb!ed/ ready*
.!o &esse!Cs posiion re!ai&e o person o&erboard and #pdae as necessary*
5irs aid s$#ad is ready o recei&e person o&erboard*
61.>9 7 HEA:5 8EATHER PREPARATION 6CHEC<4IST9@
Inform maser" chief officer* Chief se)ard and a!! cre) members
Sec#re a!! mobi!e e$#ipmen on board*
S)ich on radar and commence p!oing" s)ich on na&igaiona! !igh
Try o# shipCs horn/ )his!e
Inspec rac% on char*
-a%e anchor !ashing do#b!e
Fa)se pipe sp#r !ing pipes co&ers in posiion and sp#r !ing pipes cemened
A!! dec% sec#red* A!! so#nding pipe caps are in posiion and spanner igh
Life !ines rigged
Cargo !ashed ino ho!ds and on dec%
A!! )aer D igh doors are c!osed
FRU m#s be sen for inspecion o appro&ed )or% ship once e&ery )o years and
inspecion cerificae sho#!d be %ep aached )ih ann#a! !ife raf inspecion cerificaes*
In mar%e here are appro&ed disposab!e ype FRU a&ai!ab!e )hich reBeced afer #se <if
re$#ired H or e&ery )o years*
CHAPTER ?#
PO44UTION PRE:ENTION

<:*2H INTRODUCTION
Recen years ha&e see sp#r in he mo&emen of !arge $#aniies of oi!" chemica!s and
!i$#efied gases across he seas* Re!ease of hese cargoes d#e o eiher operaion or
acciden ca#ses po!!#ion ino sea/ air* .o!!#ion affecs he marine !ife in differen )ays"
)hich are high!y derimena!* As s#ch po!!#ion of sea has become a maer of
inernaiona! concern*
<:*:H D PO44UTION O; SEA B5 OI4
aH The mos imporan po!!#ed res#!ing from shipping operaions is oi! i has been
esimaed ha o# of +*3E mi!!ion ons of oi! enering he sea e&ery years" 2*3
mi!!ion ons res#! from he ranspor of oi! by sea <he remainder comes from !and
based so#rceH* 7ischarge of oi!/ oi!y miA#re ino sea co#!d be beca#se of
operaiona! or accidena! ca#ses*
bH Large $#aniy of oi! eners he sea as a res#! of norma! an%er operaions s#ch as
c!eaning of cargo resid#es" ba!!asing of cargo an%s for he p#rpose of !oading
differen grades of oi! cargo* A&erage cargo resid#e is abo# ,*E percen of cargo
carrying of he an%er and d#ring ba!!asing and c!eaning operaion as m#sh ha!f
of he $#aniy can be !os o&erboard*
cH Oher ca#ses of oi! po!!#ion d#e o operaiona! reasons inc!#de dry doc%ing"
bi!geCs and f#e! oi!

The bes %no)n ca#se of accidena! oi! po!!#ion is an%er acciden* The )rec%s of -*T
Torrey -*T Cadi6 and -*T* EAAon 'a!de6 are eAamp!e*
Esimaed po!!#ion by resid#e amo#n o 0 !a%hs ons a year
aH .o!!#ion by dry doc%ing D +," ,,, T
bH .o!!#ion by bi!ges ; f#e! oi! from dry cargo ad an%ers/ +,,",,,T
cH .o!!#ion by non D an%ers accidens D :,",,, T
<:*+H PO44UTION DUE TO ACCIDENT
A!ho#gh his may conrib#e a comparai&e!y sma!! percenage of he oa! oi! enering
he sea in a year" conse$#ences of an acciden can be nohing shor of disaser o he
immediae s#rro#ndings* ?here as of re!eased ino sea d#e o operaiona! ca#ses is )e!!
dispersed o&er !arge areas in accidena! re!ease depending on he si6e of a an%er" a !arge
amo#n is spi!!ed ino sea o&er a !imied area* 7amage o po!!#ion of sea and res#!ing
damage ca#sed d#e o re!ease of oi! as a conse$#ences of an%ers acciden is enormo#s
en&ironmen is m#ch more if acciden a%es p!aces c!ose o he coas!ine*
<:*EH E;;ECTS OI4 PO44UTION ON 3ARINE EN:IRON3ENT
I b!an%es he s#rface inerfering )ih oAygen eAchange be)een he sea and he
amosphere*
Fea&ier consi#ens of oi! b!an%es he sea inerfering )ih he gro)h of marine
!ife*
-any consi#en e!emens are oAic and ge ino food chain*
Oi! on beach inerfere )ih recreaiona! #ses of ha beach*
Oi! may ener sea)aer disi!!ing in!es and i may be deposied on ida! m#d f!as
)ih derimena! res#!s*
Oi! sic%s o he )ings of he seabirds and hey become he!p!ess cas#a!ies of oi!
spi!!age
<:*3H PO44UTION HAHARDS O; CHE3ICA4S
Li%e in he case of oi!" chemica!s ranspor across he sea a!so poses po!!#ion ha6ards o
marine en&ironmen and a$#aic !ife* Accidena! spi!!age of s#bsances migh occ#r from
co!!ision a sea* Chemica! an%er operaion may re$#ired an%s o be )ashed and
)ashings p#mped o&erboard* A!! hese facors consi#e po!!#ion ha6ards o he marine
en&ironmen*

<:*GHBIOACCU3U4ATION AND TAINTING
Bioacc#m#!aion occ#rs if an a$#aic organism a%es #p a chemica!s o )hich i is
eAposed so ha i conains a higher concenraion of ha s#bsance han is presen in he
ambien )aer* EApos#re o chemica!s o&er a pro!onged period may res#! in poisoning
and damage o he organism d#e o acc#m#!aion* 5#rher once acc#m#!aed" organism
higher in he food chain" inc!#ding man" co#!d be ad&erse!y affeced* This process is
%no)n as bio/ magnificaion* EAamp!e are merc#ry compo#nds and 77T ec*
In some cases here may be no ad&erse hea!h effecs b# he pa!pabi!iy of he fish or
se!fish is affeced aining of heir f!esh* This aspecs of po!!#ion by chemica!s co#!d
affec commercia! fishing ind#sry* EAamp!es mehy! pyridine camphor oi!" carbo!ic oi!
ec*
<:*0H HAHARDS TO HU3AN HEA4TH
As a conse$#ences of po!!#ion of he sea by chemica! migh pose a ha6ard o h#mans4
By ingesion of fish or she!!fish )hich ha&e acc#m#!aed oAic s#bsances*
By ingesion of he )aer conaining he s#bsances*
5rom he ad&erse acion of he s#bsances ise!f on he s%in* Eyes or respiraory rac*
<:*1H REDUCTION O; A3E NITIES
.resence of poisono#s irrian or fo#! sme!!ing s#bsances* Tha may be re!eased by he
ships* Near he beaches affecs he recreaiona! #se of a$#aic en&ironmen obBecionab!e
s!ic%s or oher f!oaing maeria!s on he sea s#rface or on he beach and spoi! heir
appearances and &is#a! appea!*
<:*>H AIR PO44UTION B5 OI4 TAN<ER
The !oading and ba!!asing of an%s may case air po!!#ion from oi! an%er operaion*
These operaions res#! in iner gas and hydrocarbon gas being &ened o he o#side
amosphere* Anoher operaion res#!ing in air po!!#ion is gas freeing*
<:*2,H AIR PO44UTION HAHARDS B5 GAS CARRIERS
Fa6ards d#e o !i$#efied gases <L.=" LN= and Chemica!sH are main!y on acco#n of
accidens d#e o r#p#re of cargo pipes d#ring !oading and discharging* Re!ease of hese
gases in he amosphere )i!! ca#se oAygen dep!eion on is immediae s#rro#ndings* If he
gases are oAic ad poisono#s in na#re" hey )i!! affec he !i&ing and depending on
concenraion may )e!! pro&e disasro#s a%ing o!! of h#man and oher !i&ing beings
L.= ; LN= re!ease poses eAp!osion ha6ards a!so*
<:*22H CHRONO4OGICA4 E:ENTS O; PO44UTION PRE:ENTION
2>334 d#ring firs )or!d )ar" po!!#ion by ship )as recogni6ed as a prob!em
2>3E4 adopion of OIL .OL con&enion inernaiona! for he pre&enion of po!!#ion of
he sea by oi! adoped
2>G:4 I-CO ca!!s for a conference o amend he 2>3E OIL .OL con&enion*
2>G04 con&enion comes ino force
A marine en&ironmen proecion commiee formed for co/ coordinaing )ih
I-CO*
2>G>4 OIL.OL 2>3E amended and !oad/ on/op inrod#ced o a&oid
.#mping o&erboard of oi!y* ?aer miA#re res#!ing from an%
C!eaning*
2>0+4 I-CO adoped he firs inernaiona! con&enion for pre&enion of po!!#ion from
ships <-AR.OLH*
2>014 -AR.OL amended* Concep of <SBTH segregaed ba!!as an%s inrod#ced*
2>>:4 -AR.OL 0+/01 amended becomes mandaory for an%ers of 3,, 7?T and abo&e*
A!! orders p!aced afer G
h
@#!y 2>>+ o ha&e do#b!e h#!!*
<:*2:H 3ARPO4 2,E2=
The inernaiona! con&enion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion from ships 2>0+" )as
adoped by he inernaiona! conference of marine po!!#ion con&ened by I-O from 1
h

Ocober o :
nd
No&ember 2>0+* his con&enion )as s#bse$#en!y modified by he
prooco! of 2>01 re!aing hereo adoped by he inernaiona! conference on an%er safey
and po!!#ion pre&enion from <TS.. conference H con&ened by I-O from G o 20
h

5ebr#ary 2>01* he con&enion as modified by he prooco!" is %no)n as he inernaiona!
con&enion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion from ships 2>0+" as modified by he prooco!
of 2>01 re!aing hereo9 or in shor from -AR.OL 0+/01* Reg#!aion co&ering he
&ario#s so#rces of ship generaed po!!#ion are conained he fi&e anneAes of he
con&enion*
ANNEXURE $1 reg#!aion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion by oi!*
AnneA#re D 2 enered ino forces on :
nd
Ocober 2>1+ and as be)een he paries o
-AR.OL 0+/01" s#persedes he inernaiona! con&enion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion
of he sea by oi! 2>3E" as amended in 2>G: and 2>G>" )hich hen in force*
ANNEXURE 7 11 7 Reg#!aions for he conro! of po!!#ion by noAio#s !i$#ids
s#bsances*
AnneA#re DII enered ino force on G
h
Apri! 2>10 in a form amended by he -E.C by
reso!#ion -E.C 20 <::H of 3
h
7ecember 2>13*
ANNES D III DReg#!aion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion by harmf#! s#bsances in
pac%ages forms*
The enry ino force condiion of AnneA/ III )as saisfied on 2
s
@#!y 2>>2 and i enered
ino force on 2
s
@#!y 2>>:* I has been agreed he anneA sho#!d be imp!emened hro#gh
he inernaiona! pre&enion mariime dangero#s goods code <I-7= codeH
ANNE8 D I'/ Reg#!aion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion by se)age
AnneA D I' is no ye in force*
ANNE8 D' Reg#!aion for he pre&enion of po!!#ion by garbage*
AnneA D& enered ino force on +2
s
7ecember 2>1* The adoped amendmens o
AnneA D & o designae he norh sea* Anarcic area ad )aer carib been region as
addiiona! specia! area *
6#.1,9 7 CONTRO4 O; DISCHARGE O; OI4 6ANNEX I REGU4ATION >9
<By Oi! Tan%er EAcep as pro&ided in secion <bH
Is no )ihin a specia! area
Is more han 3, mi!es form neares !and
Is proceeding in ro#e
Insananeo#s rae of discharge of oi! conens does no eAceed +, !ier per
na#ica! mi!e*
Toa! $#aniy of oi! discharge ino he sea does nor eAceed for eAising an%ers
2/23",,," for ne) an%ers 2/+,",,, of he amo#n !as ranspored*
Fas an operaion as oi! discharge monioring and conro! sysems <O7-CSH and a
s!op an% arrangemen*
<bH by ship oher han oi! an%er and abo&e E,, =RT
Is no )ihin a specia! area
Is more hen 2: na#ica! mi!es from he neares !and
Is proceeding en ro#e*
The oi! conen of he eff!#en is !ess han 2,, ..-
The ship as in operaion an oi! discharge monioring and conro! sysems
<O7-CSH" oi! )aer separaing e$#ipmen" oi! fi!ering e$#ipmen*
In case of .(p &e '."n +11 GRT oher han oi! an%er )hi!s o#side he specia! area"
ho!ding D an%s o sore he s!op on board*
<dH conro! of oi! discharge from 3"c.(nery p"ce !(&geI "nd o(& -ue& '"n0
'esse! is o be pro&ided )ih oi!y )aer separaing e$#ipmen <2,, ..-H and oi! fi!ering
e$#ipmen <23 ..-H* In he e&en of ma!f#ncioning of e$#ipmen <oi! conen M 23
..-H a!arm m#s be so#nded and a!so an a#omaic o&erboard de&ice m#s be
operaiona! <for discharging in specia! area*H
<:*2EH D S.ECIAL AREASE <ANNE8 I D RE=ULATION 2,H4 A sea area )here for
recogni6ed * echnica! reasons in re!aion o is geographica! and eco!ogica!
condiion and o he paric#!ar characer of is raffic he adopion of specia! mandaory
for he pre&enion sea po!!#ion by oi! is re$#ired"
Specia! area inc!#de he fo!!o)ing9
-edierranean sea area Ba!ic sea area
B!ac% sea area red sea area
=#!f area g#!f Aden area
So#h of !ai#de G, of Anarcic area
<#.1%9 7 EN:IRON3ENTA4 PROTECTION PROCEDURES
<aH egreg"'ed !"&&"' '"n0. As per 2>01 prooco! o -AR.OL 0+/01
<iH Tan%ers m#s be pro&ided )ih segregaed ba!!as <SBTH an%s of s#fficien
capaciy" so ha on!y in eAraordinary circ#msances )i!! here be a need o
a%e ba!!as )aer in cargo an%s* SBT red#ce he need for an% )ashing and
herefore red#ce oi! )aer miA#res*
<iiH SBT are he defined as an%s* ?hich are comp!ee!y separaed from he cargo
oi! and f#e! oi! sysems* They are ser&ed by heir o)n independen p#mps and
piping*
<bH Dou!&e .u&& de(gn. As per 2>>: amendmens o -AR.OL 0+/01 i becomes
mandaory for an%ers of 3,,, 7?T and abo&e consr#ced afer G
h
@#!y 2>>+ o
ha&e do#b!e h#!! in order o !imi he o# f!o) of oi! in he e&en of side damage
d#e o co!!ision/ boom damage d#e o sranding*
<cH Recep'(on -"c(&('(e. Oi! !oading ermina!s repair por and pors in )hich ships
ha&e oi!y resid#es o discharge are pro&ided )ih recepion faci!iy o recei&e s#ch
resid#es and oi!y miA#res as remain from oi! an%ers and oher ships*
<dH Du'y 'o repor'. Repors on incidens in&o!&ing harmf#! s#bsances !eading o
po!!#ion of marine en&ironmen sho#!d be made )iho# de!ay and o he f#!!es
eAend possib!e*
8.en 'o repor'.
i* A discharge or porab!e discharge of oi! or noAio#s !i$#id s#bsances carried in
b#!% res#!ing from damage o he or is e$#ipmen or for he p#rpose of sec#ring
he safey of a ship or sa&ing !ife a sea*
ii* A discharge or porab!e discharge of harmf#! s#bsances in pac%aged form* Or
iii* A discharge d#ring he operaion of he ship of oi! or noAio#s !i$#id s#bsances in
eAcess of permied $#aniy*
i&* )hom o repor

/ coased sae neares o he sea of inciden
/ if he ship is in&o!&ed in po!!#ion inciden" repor m#s be made boh o
coasa! sae or por conro! as appropriae and o paries represening
ineres in he ship*
<:*2GH 3EASURE TO 4I3IT PO44UTION
6A9 )"pour re'urn &(ne . &apo#r re#rn enai!s ransferring a!! gas disp!aced from
cargo an%s o he insa!!aion ashore" his re$#ires specia! pro&isions on oi!
an%ers*
G"E )"pour d(p&"cemen' 7 This mehod is no a!)ays possib!e" if a ship is being
discharged and cargo an%s being ba!!asing" i is possib!e o conain he gas/ &apo#r* In
his case &ening sysem id c!osed o he amosphere and he iner gas )i!! be dri&en he
an%s being ba!!asing o hose being discharged*
6#.129 PO44UTON B5 SE8AGE ;RO3 SHIPS
<aH /."' con'('u'e e/"ge G
<iH 7rainage and oher )ase from any form of oi!es" #rina! and ?*C sc#ppers*
<iiH 7rainage from medica! premises <dispensary ec*H &ia )ash basin" )ash #bes
and sc#ppers !ocaed in s#ch premises*
<iiiH 7rainage from spaces conaining !i&ing anima!s or
<i&H Oher )ase )aers )hen miAed he drainageCs defined abo&e
<bH d(c."rge o- e/"ge$ The discharge of se)age ino he sea is prohibied" eAcep
)hen*
<iH The ship is discharging commin#ed and or disinfeced a a disance of more
han 2:n*m* from neares !and*
<iiH Se)age )hich is no commin#ed and or disinfeced a a disance of more han
2:n*m* from neares !and*
<iiiH Se)age sored in he ho!ding an%s sha!! be discharged a a moderae rae
)hen he ship is en/ro#e and proceeding a no !ess han E %nos* Or
<i&H The ship has in operaion an appro&ed se)age reamen p!an*
<:*21H D PO44UTION B5 GRABAGE ;RO3 SHIPS
8."' ( g"r!"ge -eans a!! %inds of &ic#a!" domesic and operaiona! )ase eAc!#ding
fresh fish and pars hereof generaed d#ring he norma! operaion of he ship*
<aH D(po"& o- g"r!"ge ou'(de pec("& "re"F

6 (9 8('.(n , N.3 o- '.e ne"re' &"nd J (n "&& (n&"nd /"'er.
Yo# are no a!!o)ed o hro) anyhing a a!! o&erboard*
6((98('.(n , 7 1# N. 3(&e o-- .ore.
Yo# are no a!!o)ed o hro) o&erboard p!asic" 7#nn age" !ining and pac%ing
maeria!s ha f!oa a!so he fo!!o)ing if no gro#nd o !ess han one inch <:3mmH
paper" croc%ery" rags mea!" g!ass ; food*
<iiiH /('.(n 1# 7 #% N. 3(&e o--.ore
yo# are no a!!o)ed o hro) o&erboard p!asic" 7#nn age" !ining ;
pac%ing maeria!s ha f!oa*
6()9 #% N"u'(c"& 3(&e o--.ore "nd "!o)e
Yo# can no hro) p!asic o&erboard*
AnneA ' of -AR.OL reay is an inernaiona! !a) pro&iding for a c!eaner" safer marine
en&ironmen* Under his !a) i is i!!ega! for any &esse! o d#mp .LASTIC =ARBA=E
any)here in he ocean or in na&igab!e )aers* 'io!aions of hese re$#iremens may res#!
in ci&i! pena!ies being imposed #pon offenders in he form of fines and/or imprisonmen
as deermined by c#rren naiona! !egis!aion*
NOTE4 The -edierranean" Ba!ic b!ac% and red seas* The Arabian g#!f* The norh sea
and he Eng!ish channe! are defined as specia! area* In hese areas i is i!!ega! o discharge
any garbage eAcep ha food )ase on!y may be discharged beyond 2: mi!es offshore*
<iH Incineraed <eAcep p!asic )hich m#s be !anded ashore and cerificae for
!anding m#s be a%en for record*
<iiH Compaced and sored for discharge o shore recepion faci!iy
<:*2>H OI4 RECORD BOO<$ 5o!!o)ing enries are re$#ired o be made9
<aH -or 3"c.(nery p"ce oper"'(on
<iH Ba!!asing or c!eaning of oi! f#e! an%s
<iiH 7ischarge of diry ba!!as or c!eaning )aer from an%s referred abo&e in <2H
<iiiH 7isposa! of oi!y resid#es <s!#dgeH
<i&H 7ischarge o&erboard or disposa! oher)ise of bi!ges )aer )hich has
acc#m#!aed in machinery spaces*
<bH ;or c"rgoE !"&&"' oper"'(on 6O(& T"n0er9
<iH Loading/ #n!oading of oi! cargo
<iiH Inerna! ransfer of oi! cargo d#ring &oyage*
<iiiH Ba!!asing of cargo an%s and dedicaed c!ean ba!!as an%ers
<i&H C!eaning of cargo an%s inc!#ding cr#de oi! )ashing
<&H 7ischarge of ba!!as <eAcep form SBTH
<&iH 7ischarge of )aer from s!op an%
<&iiH C!osing of a!! app!icab!e &a!&es or simi!ar de&ices afer s!op an% discharge
operaion*
<&iiiH C!osing of &a!&e necessary for iso!aion of dedicaed c!ean ba!!as an%s
from cargo and sripping !ines afer s!op an% discharge operaions*
<iAH 7isposa! of resid#es
6#.#19 7 OI4 TRANS;ER OPERATIONS 6"nneBure 19
7ec% sc#ppers p!#gged sec#re!y* Acc#m#!aed )aer on dec% drained
off a inerna!s*
Transfer proced#res/ personne! d#ies/ spi!! coningency p!an disp!ayed
a !oca! saion and #ndersood by a!! concerned*
.o!!#ion a&oidance e$#ipmen a sie and ready for dep!oymen*
.#mp emergency sops esed* .ipe!ine <sH press#re esed*
Comm#nicaion be)een p#mp/ manifo!d/ an% esab!ished and o be
mainained hro#gho# D ship/ shore/ ransshipmen &esse!*
'is#a! )ach hro#gho#* Inc!#ding o&er side*
Sysems pipe!ines ; &a!&e do#b!e chec%ed <sea &a!&es esed on
an%ersH
'a!&e !ashed/iso!aed sh# )here necessary* Iop offJ an%s a red#ced
raes *
<:*:2H D OTHER CONSIDERATIONS IN PORT
5#nne! eAha#s emissions Ic!eanJ*
Spi!!ed pains in he )aer from o&er side )or% is a po!!#ion*
Fydra#!ic machinery on dec% chec%ed free of !ea%s
I*=* scr#bber o&erboard eff!#en on an%ers chec%ed c!ean
Fydrocarbon gas emissions from an%ers in discharge por as per por
re$#iremens*
C!ean#p e&en he sma!!es $#aniies of oi! immediae!y
CHAPTER ? ,
SA;ET5 PHI4OSOPH5 AND SA;E 8OR<ING
PRACTICES
<+*2H/ INTRODUCTION
Accidens ha&e a!)ays ca#ses/ hey do no B#s happen* -os can be foreseen and
pre&ened* This chaper is )rien o enco#rage seafarer o a&oid accidens simp!y by
a%ing d#e care* No maer ho) ro#ine yo#r Bob is" ma%e a habi of adoping he safe
)or%ing proced#res )hich are recommended* In paric#!ar" ma%e s#re ha yo# a!)ays
ha&e regard for he safey of yo#rse!f and of ohers*
Accidens ha&e ofen res#!ed from seeming!y minor ca#ses and he serio#sness of he
conse$#ences is ofen a maer of chance* S#dies of accidens sho) ha for e&ery one
serio#s accidens" here ha&e been siA h#ndred near misses*
Care!essness" !ac% of concenraion rec%!essness" in a h#rry o ge he Bob done are some
of he maBor ca#ses of acciden/ incidens* 5rom ignoring recogni6ed safe )or%ing
pracices" !apses in concenraion or miss/ B#dgmen or e&en in D eAperiences are a!so he
&ario#s ca#ses*
<+*:H D PROTECTI:E EKUIP3ENT
.ersona! proeci&e c!ohing and e$#ipmen can be c!assified as fo!!o)s4
Fead proecion <safey he!mes" hair proecionH9
Fearing proecion9
5ace and eye proecion <gogg!es and specac!es" facia! shie!dsH9
Respiraory proeci&e e$#ipmen <d#s mas%s respiraors" breahing appara#sH9
Fand and foo proecion <g!o&es" safey boos and shoesH9
Body proecion <safey s#is" safey be!s" harnesses" apronsH9
.roecion agains dro)ning <!ife Bac%es" b#oyancy aids and !ife b#oysH9
<+*:*2H D HEAD PROTECTION
"9 H"(r ne' "nd "-e'y c"p
.ersonne! )or%ing on or near he machinery sho#!d a!)ays be a!er agains he possibi!iy
of !oose c!ohing Be)e!!ery" or heir hair becoming enang!ed in he machinery* In he case
of !ong hairs" he ris% of !ong hairs being enang!ed in he machinery are higher* In his
case hair n#s or safey caps sho#!d be )orn o a&oid ris% of enang!emen*
bH Bump c"p
A b#mp cap is simp!y an ordinary cap )ih a hard peneraion resisan she!!* They are
norma!!y #sed in an%s o a&oid fre$#en %noc%ing*

S"-e'y .e&me'
To proec agains he obBecs fa!!ing from a heigh safey he!mes are mos common!y
pro&ided* Oher ha6ards inc!#de abnorma! hea" ris% of a side)ays b!o) or cr#shing
or chemica! sp!ashes* These fo#r differen ypes of common ris%s are gi&en on!y and
are no inended o be comprehensi&e*
Since he ha6ards are so &aried in ype herefore one ype of he!me )o#!d ne&er be
an idea! proecion agains e&ery ca#se* 7esign deai!s are norma!!y decided by he
man#fac#res )hose primary consideraion )i!! be comp!iance )ih an appropriae
sandard and proecion* These $#a!iy of maeria!s and heir effeci&eness sho#!d be
considered before pro&iding hem for #se*
The she!! of a he!me sho#!d be of one piece seam!ess consr#cion designed o resiss
impac* The harness s#spension )hen proper!y adB#sed forms a crad!e for s#pporing
he he!me on he )earerCs head* The cro)n sraps he!p absorb he force of impac *
hey are designed o permi a c!earance of approAimae!y :3mm be)een he she!! and
he s%#!! of )earer* The harness or s#spension sho#!d be proper!y adB#sed before a
he!me is )orn*
<+*:*:H 7 HEARING PROTECTION
A!! persons eAposed o high !e&e!s of noise" e*g* In machinery spaces" sho#!d )ear ear
proecors of recommended ype as s#iab!e for he paric#!ar circ#msances*
.roecors are of &ario#s ypes/ ear p!#gs" disposab!e or permanen and ear m#ffs* 5or
f#rher informaion see he code of pracice noise !e&e!s in ships* .#b!ished by he
deparmen of ranspor <7OTH*
The simp!es form of ear proecion is he g!ass/ do)n ear p!#g* This ype ho)e&er
has he disad&anage of !imied capabi!iy of noise red#cion* Ear p!#gs of r#bber or
p!asic a!so ha&e on!y !imied effecs" in he eAremes of high fre$#ency i may ca#ses
he p!#g o &ibrae in he ear cana! ca#sing conse$#enia! !oss in proecion*
In genera!" ear m#ffs pro&ide a more effeci&e form of hearing proecion* They
consiss of a pair of rigid c#ps designed o comp!ee!y en&e!op he ears" e$#ipmen
)ih sof sea!ing rings o fi c!ose!y agains he head aro#nd he ears* The ear c#ps are
conneced by a spring !oaded headband <or nec% band )hich ens#res ha he so#nd
sea!s Aro#nd he ear are mainained* 7ifferen ypes of m#ffs are a&ai!ab!e and heir
#se sho#!d be done according o he circ#msances*
<+*:*+H D ;ACE AND E5E PROTECTION
In se!ecing one eye or combined eye and face proecors" caref#! consideraion
sho#!d be gi&en for pre #se chec% by he )earer each ime before #se*
A!! personne! )ho may re$#ires o #se proeci&e e$#ipmen sho#!d be proper!y
rained in is #se and ad&ised of is !imiaions*
Sandard" )hich sho#!d be a&ai!ab!e o a!! hose concerned )ih he #se of respiraory
proeci&e e$#ipmen he main ca#ses of an eye inB#ry are4
Infra D red rays gas )e!ding9
U!ra D &io!e rays D e!ecric )e!ding9
EApos#re o chemica!s9
5oreign bodies/ paric!es )hi!e chipping" grinding or aending anchor saion*
EApos#re o paric!es and foreign bodies proecors are a&ai!ab!e in a )ide &ariey"
designed o Briish sandard specificaions o proec agains hese differen ype of
ha6ards*
On!y he specac!es man#fac#red by adhering o a!! safey sandard can proec and on!y
hese sho#!d be #sed ordinary specac!es" #n!ess man#fac#red o a safey sandard" do no
afford proecion* Cerain boA/ ype gogg!es are designed so ha hey can be )orn o&er
ordinary specac!es*
<+*:*EH D RESPIRATOR5 PROTECTI:E EKUIP3ENT
Respiraory proeci&e e$#ipmen of he appropriae ype are essenia! for proecion
)hen )or% has o be done in condiions of irriaing dangero#s or poisono#s d#s" f#mes
or gases* The air before i is breahed" or breahing appara#s )hich s#pp!ies air or
oAygen from an #nconaminaed so#rce* The se!ecion of he correc respiraory
proeci&e e$#ipmen for any gi&en si#aion re$#ires consideraion of he na#re of he
ha6ards" he se&eriy of he ha6ards" )or% re$#iremens and condiion and he
characerisic and !imiaion of a&ai!ab!e e$#ipmen* Ad&ice on se!ecion and he #se and
mainenance of he e$#ipmen is conained in he re!e&an chaper of Briish*
I is mos imporan ha he face D piece incorporaed in respiraors and breahing
appara#s is fied correc!y o pre&en !ea%age* The )earing of specac!es" #n!ess
ade$#ae!y designed for he p#rpose or of breads and )his%ers is !i%e!y o ad&erse!y
affec he face sea!" one m#s be &ery caref#! abo# i*
aH Rep(r"'or
The respiraor se!eced m#s be of he ype/design specified o proeced he ha6ards
being me*
The mos common ype is he d#s respiraor )hich gi&es proecion agains d#s and
aeroso! sprays b# no agains gases* These are many ype of d#s respiraors a&ai!ab!e b#
hey are genera!!y of he or nasa! ype" i*e* ha!f mas% co&ering he nose and mo#h* -any
ypes of !igh" simp!e face mas%s are a!so a&ai!ab!e and are eAreme!y #sef#! for
proecing agains he non D oAic sprays b# sho#!d ne&er be #sed in p!ace of proper
proecion agains harmf#! d#s or sprays*
The posii&e press#re po)er d#s respiraor incorporaes a face D piece conneced by #be
o a baery po)ered b!o)er #ni carried by he )earer o creae a posii&e press#re* In he
face D piece and h#s ma%e breahing easier and red#ce face sea! !ea%age*
The carridge D ype of respiraor consiss of a f#!! face piece or ha!f mas% conneced o a
rep!aceab!e carridge conaining absorben or absorben maeria! conained in a
rep!aceab!e caniser carried in a s!ing* This ype gi&es considerab!y more proecion han
he carridge ype*
The fi!ers" canisers and carridge incorporaed in respiraor are designed o pro&ide
proecion agains cerain specified d#ss or gases* 7ifferen ypes are a&ai!ab!e o pro&ide
proecion agains differen ha6ards" hence i is imporan ha he appropriae ype is
se!eced for he paric#!ar circ#msances or condiion being enco#nered* I m#s be
remembered ha hey ha&e a !imied effeci&es !ife and m#s be rep!aced a he iner&a!s
as per he man#fac#reCs insr#cions *
Respiraor pro&ide no proecion agains oAygen deficien amosphere* They sho#!d ne&er
be #sed o pro&ide proecion in confined spaces s#ch as an%s cofferdams" do#b!e
booms or oher simi!ar spaces agains dangero#s f#me" gases or &apo#rs* On!y breahing
appara#s <se!f conained or air/ !ined H is capab!e of doing proecion in s#ch
circ#msances*
bH Bre"'.(ng App"r"'u

The ype of breahing appara#s o be #sed )hen enering a spaces ha is %no)n o be or
s#speced of being deficien in oAygen or conaining oAic gases or &apors is described
ear!ier*
Breahing appara#s no be #sed #nder )aer #n!ess he e$#ipmen is s#iab!e for he
p#rpose and ha oo on!y in an emergency*
cH Reuc('"'or
i is recommended ha he res#sciaors of an appropriae %ind sho#!d be pro&ided )hen
any person may be re$#ired o ener any dangero#s p!ace*
<+*:*3H D HAND AND ;OOT PROTECTION
"9 G&o)e
The correc ype of g!o&es sho#!d be chosen depending #pon he ha6ard being faced and
he %ind of )or% being #ndera%en* Leaher g!o&es are genera!!y bes*
?hen hand!ing ro#gh or sharp obBecs* Fea resisan g!o&es )hen hand!ing ho obBecs
and r#bber synheic or .'C g!o&es )hen hand!ing acids* A!%a!ine" &ario#s ypes of oi!s
so!&ens and chemica!s* The eAac ype se!eced )i!! depend #pon he paric#!ar
s#bsances being hand!ed and in hese cases eAper ad&ice sho#!d be fo!!o)ed*
bH ;oo'/e"r
5oo inB#ries mos ofen res#! from he )earing of #ns#iab!e foo)ear raher han
from fai!#re o )ear safey shoes or boos* I is srong!y ad&isab!e ha a!! personne!
)hi!e a )or% on board ship" )ear appropriae safey foo )ear* The ha6ards
common!y enco#nered ca#se inB#ry as res#! of impac" peneraion hro#gh he so!e
s!ipping" hea and cr#shing* Safey foo)ear are a&ai!ab!e )hich are designed o
proec agains abo&e menioned ha6ards" man#fac#red o &ario#s Briish sandards
according o he danger in&o!&ed*
<+*:*GH 7PROTECTION ;RO3 ;A44S
A!! seaman )or%ing a!of" o#board or be!o) dec%s or in any oher area )here here is
a ris% of fa!!ing from more han : meers" sho#!d )ear a safey harness <or be! )ih
shoc% absorberH aached o a !ife D !ine* There is endency for seafarers o add !enghs
of !ine o a!!o) greaer freedom of mo&emen )hich can res#! in a !arger disances or
ra&e!s <fa!!H before being bro#gh #p and conse$#en inB#ry*
Li%e)ise if a &esse! is shipping seas persons on dec% sho#!d )ear a harness and
)here pracicab!e sho#!d be sec#red by !ife !ine as proecion from fa!!s and from
being )ashed o&erboard or agains he adBacen shipCs sr#c#re*
Inerna! c!amp de&ices a!!o) more freedom in mo&emen*
<+*:*0H 7 BOD5 PROTECTION
Specia! o#)ear may be needed for proecion )hen he seaman is eAposed o conac
)ih irriaing or corrosi&e* These appare!s sho#!d be #sed for he paric#!ar p#rpose
hey are mean for* There are many ypes of appare!s pro&ided for differen p#rpose
for proecion*
<+*:*1H D PROTECTION AGAINST DRO8NING
?here )or% is carried o# o&er side or in an eAposed posiion and here is a
reasonab!e ris% of fa!!ing or being )ashed a)ay o&erboard" or )here )or% is being
carried o# in or from a shipCs !ife b#oy )ih s#fficien !ife !ine sho#!d be pro&ided* In
addiion o abo&e and as appropriae a !ife Bac%es sho#!d a!so be pro&ided o each
person in&o!&ed in )or%* 5or g#ide!ines sandard marine ype !ifeBac%es are no
s#iab!e for o#board )or%* An inf!aab!e ype" operaed by )aer is an ans)er o his
prob!em a!ho#gh i has been repored ha hea&y rain can rigger he mechanism*
CHAPTER ?+
SA;E THIN<ING AND ACCIDENT PRE:ENTION ON
BOARD
<E*2H D Acc(den'E (nc(den' "nd ne"r m(e
Apparen!y minor ca#ses res#! ofen ino maBor accidens* The daa gahered* In
re!aion o he accidens sho) ha for e&ery sing!e serio#s accidens here ha&e been
siA h#ndred &ery c!ose or near misses )hich )o#!d ha&e oher)ise been res#!ed ino
he crieria of maBor accidens*
The maBor ca#ses of accidens may be !ised be!o)4
Lac% of concenraion
F#rry
Care!ess hand!ing of he Bob <or he care!ess ai#deH*
No resoring o safe )or%ing pracices*
IneAperience of doing a paric#!ar Bob*
O&er confidence
-iss B#dgmen
?or%ing )hi!e #nder he inf!#ence of dr#gs or a!coho!*
Inabi!iy o foresee an imminen danger*
These are some of he facors responsib!e for accidens* The aim of his chaper is o
de&e!op a habi/ enco#rage o a&oid accidens by resoring o safe )or%ing pracices
)hich are esab!ished and recommended* The #mos aim sho#!d be a%e care of yo#rse!f
and ohers*
<E*:H I4O Code o- pr"c'(ce on "cc(den' pre)en'(on on !o"rd .(p
The obBeci&e of his boo% is o pro&ide pracica! g#ide!ines on safey and hea!h in
shipboard )or% in an order o4
.re&en accidens" diseases and oher harmf#! effecs on he hea!h of seafarer arising
from emp!oymen on board ship a sea and in por*
Ens#ring ha he responsibi!iy for safey and hea!h is #ndersood and remained a
prioriy for a!! concerned )ih in mariime ranspor inc!#ding go&ernmen" ship o)ners
and seafarers*
.romoing cons#!aion ands cooperaion among go&ernmen as )e!! as ship o)ners and
seafarers organi6aion in he impro&emen of safey and hea!h on board ship*
Code a!so pro&ides g#ide!ines in he imp!emenaion of pro&isions of he pre&enion of
occ#paiona! accidens o seafarer con&enion 2>0, <no 2+EH and recommendaion 2>0,
<no* 2E: H as )e!! as oher app!icab!e ILO con&enion and recommendaions*
<E*+H D 3AJOR HIGH4IGHTS O; THE CODES
S"-e'y O--(cer@ An officer designaed by ship o)ner or he maser and is/ are responsib!e
for he as%s associaed )ih ship board safey and hea!h*
S"-e'y po&(cy@ his is in he form of a doc#men in )hich he ship o)ners high!ighs
board erms he commimens" aims and obBeci&es*
S"-e'y progr"mme@ I deai!s he design o imp!emen he idea!s and inenions
eApressed he safey po!icies*
S"-e'y repreen'"'()e@ Is a member e!eced from he cre) or appoined by hem o
ser&e on ship board safey and hea!h commiee*
S.(p !o"rd "-e'y "nd .e"&'. comm(''ee@ This commiee eAamines and dea!s in
re!aion o a!! aspecs of ship board safey hea!h and re!aed iss#e*
Repor'(ng o- "cc(den'@ he p#rpose of acciden reporing proced#res are specified in
)riing on a form iss#ed o seafarer enr#sed )ih ha6ardo#s )or%*
Gener"& .(p !o"rd "-e'y "nd .e"&'. con(der"'(on@ a good ho#se %eeping has a grea
ro!! in he pre&enion of accidens and e&ery cre) member sho#!d be rained in his #ni!
i a%es he form of heir )or%ing pracices*
S.(p !o"rd emergenc(e "nd emergency eDu(pmen'@ he naiona! and inernaiona!
re$#iremens go&erning e$#ipmenCs m#ser dri!!s and raining sho#!d be sric!y
comp!ied*
C"rr("ge o- d"ngerou good@ he I-7= <Inernaiona! -ariime dangero#s good
codeH and naiona! r#!es and reg#!aion are o obser&ed*
<E*EH D ACCESSA TRANSIT AND DISE3BAR<ING
Access o and fron he ship
Transi aro#nd he ship
Safe access ro#es
Ship board s!ips and fa!!s
5rom he &ery momen a person seps on a shipCs accommodaion !adder" he sho#!d be
a)are ha he is reading ino a poenia!!y ha6ard area* This message sho#!d be c!ear!y
indicaed a he boom on he gang)ay )ih persona! proeci&e e$#ipmen re$#iremen"
smo%ing reg#!aion and resriced access informaion ec*
-ariime adminisraion p!aces an ob!igaion on ship o)ners < and heir represenai&e D
he maser H o pro&ide a safe means of access o and from he &esse!* This is #s#a!!y
comp!ied )ih by #sing an accommodaion !adder* I is imperai&e ha he
accommodaion !adder or gang)ay is correc!y rigged" adB#sed o s#i he pre&ai!ing
condiion" )e!! !i and easi!y accessib!e* A safey ne correc!y adB#sed" sho#!d a!)ays be
fied* If access is by means of shore faci!iies i is #s#a!!y he responsibi!iy of he maser
o ens#re ha i is correc!y rigged* The safe )or%ing !oad and maAim#m n#mber of
persons a!!o)ed in an accommodaion !adder m#s be c!ear!y mar%ed and ne&er
eAceeded*
If access o he &esse! is by gang/ )ay" gang/ p!an% or rope D !adder m#s be safey
rigged" )e!! !i an m#s be in comp!iance )ih appropriae !oca! !egis!aion* Life b#oys
)ih !ine and $#ois aached sho#!d be a&ai!ab!e a a!! poins of access o he &esse! and
sho#!d be of ype )ih se!f/ )aer aci&aed !ighs*
EAreme care sho#!d be a%en )hi!e embar%ing and disembar%ing any &esse!* ?hene&er a
!adder or oher means of access is being rigged" he personne! in&o!&ed sho#!d )ear he
basic safey e$#ipmen considered as he norm as )e!! as addiiona! safey gear" inc!#ding
safey harnesses and b#oyancy aids*
Safe access and ransi ro#es aro#nd he ship sho#!d be c!ear!y mar%ed eiher by pained
!ines on he dec% or by #sing safey ape* These safe ro#es sho#!d a&oid ha6ards s#ch as
cargo !ifs" operaion" machinery spaces or p#mp" rooms ec* on &esse! )here cargo
operaion mo&es aro#nd" &esse! ape is a beer as i can be mo&ed from p!ace o p!ace as
o a!!o) access c!ear of ongoing cargo )or%*
7ec%s sho#!d be %ep c!ear" as far as possib!e" of cargo" debris oo!s and simi!ar
obsr#cions and a!! poenia! ripping ha6ards s#ch as sec#ring !#gs" so#nding pipes"
b#er )orh !ids and pad eyes sho#!d be pained in a conrasing co!or o high!igh he
ha6ards* .ersonne! &isiing he &esse!" inc!#ding pi!os" s#perinendens" s#pern#meraries
and shore )or%ers" sho#!d be escored on board by a responsib!e member of he shipCs
cre) and g#ided o heir )ay o a&oid ha6ards* Fard has sho#!d be %ep a he op of he
gang)ay in case peop!e arri&e )iho# ha&ing heir o)n* Any !adder sair)ay and access
ro#es sho#!d be )e!! mainained and )e!! !i* indeed a!! !ighing sho#!d be reg#!ar!y
chec%ed" paric#!ar!y prior o arri&a! in por*
If access is re$#ired o ho!ds" cargo spaces by he s#r&eyors or inspecor hen a!! he
poenia! ha6ards sho#!d be poined o# and he correc personne! proeci&e e$#ipmen
sho#!d be donned* If he ship o)ners re$#iremens are no me by &isiing personne! hen
he access sho#!d be denied #ni! he si#aion is recified*
?hae&er he reason may be for indi&id#a!s being on board ship" hey m#s a!)ays be
a)are of poenia! ha6ards and proceed )ih ca#ion* Common sense sho#!d pre&ai! as
s!ips and fa!!s ca#se abo# E3N of personne! inB#ries* One sho#!d a!)ays be &ery agi!e"
caref#! and obey a!! safey r#!es/ reg#!aions*
5ar oo many inB#ries and e&en faa!iies happen )hen personne! are embar%ing or
disembar%ing &esse!* So eAra ca#ion is recommended d#ring hese aci&iies*
S"-e G"ng/"y Ens#re ha he gang)ay is mainained safe for #se of ship board and
shore personne!* A ne m#s be made #nder he gang)ay* In case he gang)ay is no safe
or he ne is no in is p!ace han he d#y $#arer maser sho#!d be informed immediae!y*
The gang)ay ne sho#!d be made fas before any one goes ashore* The ne
pro&ides safey in case of accidena! fa!! of any person )hi!e crossing he
gang)ay*
The ne sho#!d co&er he enire !engh of he gang)ay*
=ang)ay m#s be pro&ided )ih proper !ighing arrangemens*
=ang)ay m#s be %ep free from oi!" grease" garbage" cargo ec* and sho#!d
a!)ays be c!ean* In he case of gang)ay being s!ippery a )arning noice sho#!d
be disp!ayed*
=ang)ay/boa/accommodaion !adder sho#!d be p# o# in s#ch a p!ace )here
here is no possibi!iy of cargo fa!!ing on a person #sing he !adder*
=ang)ay rai!ing and ropes sho#!d be a!)ays %ep igh*
=ang)ay sho#!d be adB#sed and igh proper!y as per changes in he ides*
A!! )ires #sed for he gang)ay sho#!d be periodica!!y chec%ed and remain in
good condiions*
If a hand!e is #sed o hea&e or !o)er he gang)ay is sho#!d be immediae!y
remo&ed*
<E*3H 7 PAINTING@ Since a!! he pains gi&e o# harmf#! gases )hich are inf!ammab!e
a!so" in his case becomes necessary o obser&e cerain safey meas#res*
The p!ace being pained sho#!d be )e!! &eni!aed*
Use he mas% )hi!e spray paining*
Ne&er #se na%ed !igh in a pain sore or a p!ace being pained*
=ogg!es and g!o&es sho#!d be #sed )hi!e paining*
S)ich of he machinery before paining i*
.ain hose sho#!d be co&ered by p!asic pipe o pre&en is damage*
?hi!e paining shipside !ife Bac%es and safey harness sho#!d be donned and he
!ife b#oys sho#!d be %ep ready*
?hen paining he rear par %eep he engineer informed so ha he prope!!er is no
#sed*
?hen a raf is being #sed ens#re ha safey rai!ing being pro&ided*
<E*GH 7 3OORING AND ANCHORING OPERATIONS
Anchoring
-ooring operaions
=ood pracices
Fand!ing )ires and ropes
Ta%ing a #g
The fair!y ro#ine aci&iies of mooring #n breahing and anchoring &esse!s ofen !ead o
serio#s inB#ries and e&en faa!iies* ?ih caref#! p!anning and re!e&an raining" mos of
hese accidens can be a&oided* The !oads and forces eAperienced in ships ropes and
)ires d#ring mooring operaions can be considerab!e and d#e ca#ion needs o be
eAercised a a!! imes*
<E*G*2H 7ANCHORING
A!! personne! in&o!&ed in anchoring operaions sho#!d )ear he basic persona! safey
e$#ipmen* =ogg!es and d#s mas%s sho#!d a!so be )orn by a!! persons in he &iciniy o
a&oid he ha6ards of f!ying r#ss" debris and m#d as he anchor and cab!e is paid o#* The
anchor sho#!d be paid o# in a conro!!ed manner" #s#a!!y on he bra%e" )ih conin#o#s
comm#nicaion )ih he )hee! ho#se*
A poenia! ha6ards )hich is no a!)ays a%en ino acco#n is ha of sea sna%es* A!ho#gh
his is no a )or!d )ide prob!em b# persons in&o!&ed in so)ing he anchor sho#!d be
a)are of his poenia! danger* .ersonne! sho#!d no sand in !ine )ih he cab!e b#
sho#!d sand o one side )hen !eing go or hea&ing he anchor*
The )or%ing areas sho#!d be Iani/ s!ipJ and if raised p!aforms are #sed" correc!y
sec#red graings are recommended* =#ards on )ind!asses sho#!d be sec#red and in good
condiions* .o)er s#pp!y !ines or pipes for seam hydra#!ic oi!" ec* sho#!d be mainained
in good condiion" correc!y sec#red and )here necessary proeced )ih co&ers and
ins#!aion*
Anchor sho#!d be sec#red for sea )ih care* The g#i!!oine sho#!d be dropped and
sec#red and addiiona! sec#ring )ires arranged so as o a&oid he anchors being
inad&eren!y dropped a sea* Sp#r !ing pipe co&er sho#!d be c!osed and cemened o
a&oid f!ooding of chain !oc%ers b# hey sho#!d on!y be aemped )hen anchors and
cab!es ha&e been sec#red*
<E*G*:H 73OORING OPERATIONS
This is &ery imporan on ship )hi!e enering and !ea&ing dropped considerab!e care is o
be eAec#ed )ih he so)age of )ire and ropes as )e!! as he mainenance of ro!!er fair/
!eads" bis )inch dr#ms" bra%es and c!#ches ec*
-ooring ropes and )ires sho#!d be reg#!ar!y inspeced and mainained* They sho#!d be
caref#!!y so)ed" preferab!y off he dec% on pe!!es on order o %eep hem a)ay from
mois#re" chemica!s ad oher s#bsances )hich may harm hem* Ropes sho#!d be proec
from direc s#n!igh and sea )aer )hen hey are so)ed on dec%" on ree!s or dr#ms*
?ires ropes sho#!d be reaed )i s#iab!e !#bricans )hich sho#!d be )or%ed ino he
core of he )ire o a&oid he rope from corrosion*
?hen hand!ing )ires and ropes" seafarer sho#!d )ear !eaher g!o&es o pre&en hand
inB#ries* Fo)e&er" )hen #rning ropes on dr#m ends" eAreme care sho#!d be eAercised as
g!o&es co#!d become enrapped* Ropes and )ires sho#!d be f!agged o# on he dec% prior
o arri&a! a he por and arrange hem o he!p he operaion being smooh* .ersonne!
sho#!d ne&er sand in he bigh of he ropes* S#fficien personne! sho#!d be assigned o he
mooring operaion and one person each sho#!d be designaed as )inch/)ind!ass dri&er*
?hi!e responsib!e for dri&ing he )inch he dri&er sho#!d remain aeni&e and in c!ose
comm#nicaion )ih he officer in charge* A!! seaman sho#!d be a)are of he poenia!
ha6ard in&o!&ed in moorings and sho#!d remain in posiion of safey as far as possib!e*
Care sho#!d be eAercised )hen hro)ing !ines o a&oid hiing peop!e )ih he I-on%eys
fisJ*
I sho#!d be remembered ha Ny!on" .o!yeser and .o!ypropy!ene ropes #n!i%e na#ra!
fiber ropes gi&e no a#dib!e indicaion of imminen brea%ing d#e o o&er!oading" if i
appears ha ropes are coming #nder eAcessi&e srain he !oad sho#!d be red#ced* ?hen a
rope is being r#n on he dr#m a maAim#m of hree r#ns sho#!d be #sed and his sho#!d be
conro! by one man )ih anoher coi!ing ropes as i comes off he dr#m end*
?hen a!ongside" he mooring sho#!d be consan!y moniored and s#fficien personne!
a!!ocaed for aending he moorings* This is paric#!ar!y essenia! in ida! )aers and on
&esse! )ih high !oading and discharging raes*
On some &esse!s" mooring operaion can be $#ie a)%)ard han on ohers* In eiher case"
he operaion sho#!d be )e!! p!anned and a!! personne! in&o!&ed sho#!d be fami!iar )ih
he proposed mooring proced#res and sho#!d )or% )ih #mos a!erness*
?hen ma%ing fas a #g i sho#!d be remembered ha he ship has !i!e conro! o&er #gCs
mane#&ers and ha he #g can app!y !oad a any ime* ?here&er possib!e he shipCs !ines
sho#!d be #sed in order o ha&e conro! o&er he condiion of he #gs )ires or ropes* In
some pars of he )or!d" he #g ropes are in eAce!!en condiions" b# his is no a!)ays
he case*
In conc!#sion" good seamanship and he #se of he correc personne! proeci&e
e$#ipmen p!ays a &ia! ro!e in he pre&enion of inB#ry d#ring mooring and anchoring
operaions*
<E*0H 7 SHIPESHORE SA;ET5 CHEC< 4IST
There are cerain poins )hich are co&ered in his chec% !is and )hich he!p o deermine
he safey pracices being adoped on he ship/ an%er* These are as fo!!o)s*
Is he ship sec#re!y mooredK
Are emergency o)ing )ires correc!y posiionedK
Is here safe access be)een ship and shoreK
In he ship ready o mo&e #nder is o)n po)erK
Is here an effeci&e dec% )ach in aached on board and ade$#ae s#per&ision on
he ermina!K
Is he agreed ship/shore comm#nicaion sysems operai&eK
Fas he emergency signa! <o be #sed by he ship and shoreH been eAp!ained and
#ndersoodK
Fa&e he proced#res for he cargo" b#n%er and ba!!as hand!ing been agreedK
Fa&e he ha6ards associaed )ih oAic s#bsances in he cargo being hand!ed
idenified and #ndersoodK
Fas he emergency sh#do)n proced#res been agreedK
Are fire hoses and fire fighing e$#ipmen on board and ashore posiioned and
ready for #seK
Are cargo and b#n%er hoses/ arms in good condiions proper!y rigged and
appropriae for he ser&ice inendedK
Are sc#ppers effeci&e!y p!#gged and drip rays in posiion" boh on board and
ashoreK
Are #n#sed cargo and b#n%er connecions proper!y sec#red )ih b!an% f!anges
f#!!y bo!edK
Are sea and o&er board discharge &a!&e" )hen no in #se" c!osed and &isib!y
sec#redK
Are a!! cargo and b#n%er an%s !ids c!osedK
Fas he operaion of he ./' &a!&e and/ or he high &e!ociy &ens being &erified
are he hand orches of he appro&ed ypeK
Are he shipCs man radio ransmier aeria!s earhed and radars s)iched offK
Are e!ecric cab!es o he porab!e e!ecric e$#ipmen disconneced from po)erK
Are a!! eAerna! doors and pors in he accommodaion c!osedK
Are )indo) ype air/condiioning #nis disconnecedK
Are air condiioning ina%es" )hich may permi he enry of cargo &apo#rs c!osedK
Are he re$#iremens for #se of ga!!ey e$#ipmen and oher coo%ing app!iance
being obser&edK
?eaher smo%ing reg#!aions being obser&edK
?eaher nec%ed !igh reg#!aions being obser&edK
Is here any emergency escape pro&isionsK
Are here s#fficien personne! on board or shore o dea! )ih he emergencyK
Are ship and shore connecions ade$#ae!y ins#!aedK
Fa&e meas#res been a%en o ens#re s#fficien p#mp room &eni!aionK
Is he ship capab!e of c!osed !oading and he re$#iremens for c!osed operaions
being agreedK
Fas &apo#r re#rn !ine being disconneced/
If a &apo#r re#rn !ine is conneced" ha&e operaing parameers being agreedK
Are ship emergency fire conro! p!ans !ocaed eAerna!!yK
<E*1H D DANGERS O; STATIC@
?hi!e discharging oi! cargo press#re an%s sho#!d no be #sed as i may
!ead o fire or eAp!osionK
Ne&er a!!o) )aer o fa!! from heigh if empy an% being fi!!ed* 5or his
!o)er he hose i!! i is resing on he op of he an%* This sho#!d be
conneced o he shipCs sr#c#re" iniia!!y he an% sho#!d be fi!!ed D #p
s!o)!y and )hen he hose is f#!!y immersed he rae sho#!d be grad#a!!y
decreasedK
?aer hoses sho#!d be e!ecrica!!y earhed before p#ing he machine in
he an% and )aer s#pp!y opened for fi!!ing he hosesK
-achine sho#!d be firs remo&ed from he an% sho#!d no be more han
E>oC K
N#mber of machines sho#!d be !imiedK
So#nding rods and #!!age apes sho#!d be made of p!asicK
A saic charge in a an% may a%e a !eas G ho#rs o decay afer he
)ashing of he an%sK
If he )ash )aer is a%en from s!op an%s" oi! conaminaed )aer can
creae higher saic chargesK
7#ring he ro!!ing and piching of he ship" ba!!as )aer from s!ac% an%s
can sp!ash abo# and creae saica!!y charged mis in he #!!age spacesK
<E*>H D ENC4OSED SPACE ENTR5 PER3IT
To be comp!eed as app!icab!e by officer in charge of enry and appro&ed by maser
before spaces is enered4
Sp"ce 'o !e en'ered
Re"on
En'ry "nd eB(' po(n'
A'mop.ere c.ec0ed !y
Re"d(ng

OBygen LLL ToB(cLLLLL
HC LLLL
N"me o- peron en'er(ng
T(meEd"'e o- en'ry
EBpec'ed '(me 'o eB('
Commun(c"'(on 3e'.od
;reDuency
4(n0 m"n ou'(de p"ce N"me

O--(cer on !r(dgeE dec0 (n-ormed
Type o- )en'(&"'(on (n ue
Peron"& oBygen me'er c.ec0ed
S.C.B.A. re"dy ou'(de p"ce
S.C.B.A preure gu"ge re"d(ng
Reuc('"'(on eDu(pmen' re"dy "nd c.ec0ed
Recue &(neA ."rne "nd "-e'y &"mp re"dy
SIGNEDLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL
O;;ICER INCHARGE 3ASTER
D"'e@LLLLLLLLLLLLLLL T(me@ LLLLLLLLLLLL
6+.119 7 E4ECTRICA4 ISO4ATION CERTI;ICATE
To be fi!!ed in )hene&er any person oher han e!ecrician is going o )or% on any
e$#ipmen )here here co#!d be a ha6ard of e!ecric shoc%" if he e!ecrica! par is no
proper!y iso!aed*
T.( perm(' ( )"&(d -rom $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ D"'e J T(me
T.( perm(' ( )"&(d up'o $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$D"'e J '(me
EDu(pmen' on /.(c. '.e /or0 ( done$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
8or0 'o !e done $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
8or0 'o !e done !y $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Supp&y (o&"'ed !y e&ec'r(c("n "' $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
8or0 comp&e'ed "nd c&e"red !y$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
N"me o- peron repor'(ng /or0 comp&e'(on$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Supp&y reconnec'ed !y e&ec'r(c("n "' $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

///////////////////////////////////////////
S(gn"'ure
O-
Repon(!&e o--(cer or e&ec'r(c("n
Perm(' .ou&d !e -(&&ed (n "nd g()en 'o peron do(ng '.e Co!A /.o mu' re'urn 'o '.e
repon(!&e o--(cer "-'er comp&e'(on o- '.e Co!
6+.119 7HOT 8OR< PER3IT
7ae4 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
7escripion of )or%4OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
Locaion4OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
7#raion of permi <maAim#m G hrs*H from OOOOOOOOOO o OOOOOOOOOOOOO
SA;ET5 CHEC<S
Area c!eared of comb#sib!e maeria!s
?eaher adBacen comparmens gas free/inered
No b#n%er ransfer operaion/ba!!as mo&emen in progress
A!! !i$#id and &apo#r !ines iso!ae o area
5ire e$#ipmen made ready
5ire )achman posed and insr#ced
Comm#nicaion esab!ished be)een fire )achman and bridge
Emergency proced#res disc#ssed
.or appro&a! if re$#ired is obained
SPECIA4 PRECAUTIONS
Officer In charge Of Safey appro&a! graned by
Name4 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
Ran%4OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO -ASTER
7ae4PPPPPPPPPP*
Time4PPPPPPPPP**
CHAPTER ?%
CO33UNICATION
6%.19 7 INTRODUCTION
The )ord Icomm#nicaionJ has been deri&ed from Lain )ord Icomm#nisJ )hich means
common* I is a process of ransferring/ eAchanging #ndersanding/ sharing of ideas" facs
opinions" informaion be)een )o or more persons* ?hen peop!e comm#nicae
eAchange of message a%es p!aces #pon )hich decisions can be a%en* 5or
comm#nicaion o be s#ccessf#!!y" boh persons m#s #ndersand each oher in order o
%no) )hy he comm#nicaion is a%ing p!ace*
The fo!!o)ing diagram sho)s he process of comm#nicaion9
Sender
Recei&er
5eedbac%
-edia
<aH In'erperon"& commun(c"'(on4 comm#nicaion be)een )o or more peop!e*
Sma!! gro#p of peop!e ha he does no in&o!&e mass comm#nicaion or p#b!ic
spea%ing
<bH In'r" peron"& commun(c"'(on4 comm#nicaion )ih onese!f or )ihin onese!f*
<3*:H D I3PORTANCE O; CO33UNICATION@
Comm#nicaion )or%s as a bac%bone in any organi6ed se#p* Effeci&e comm#nicaion is
a m#s a a!! !e&e!s in any organi6aion for creaing an en&ironmen in )hich peop!e )or%
ogeher for achie&ing arges s#ccessf#!!y* Comm#nicaion is he mos effeci&e oo! in
he hands of he managemen by )hich i can comm#nicae )ih heir emp!oyee abo# he
po!icies of he organi6aion" se he arges" noe heir grie&ances and heir eApecaions"
a%e hem ino confidence in order o a&oid any mis#ndersanding h#s esab!ishing an
effeci&e and s#ccessf#!!y emp!oyer/ emp!oyee re!aionship*
<3*+H 7 OBJECTI:ES O; CO33UNICATION@
The obBeci&es of comm#nicaion are4
7e&e!op informaion and #ndersanding needed for gro#p effor*
To chec% he f!o) of misinformaion" r#mors and any negai&e informaion no
cond#ci&e o hea!hy managemen D )or%ers re!aionship" organi6aiona! se#p of
he )or%ing en&ironmen*
Emp!oyee moi&aion" cooperaion and Bob saisfacion*
To in&ie ideas and s#ggesions from s#bordinaes*
Impro&emen of Top/-idd!e/Lo)er managemen re!aionship*
To saisfy basic h#man needs i*e* need for recogniion" se!f Dac#a!i6aion and sense of
be!onging*
<3*EH T5PE O; CO33UNICATION@
19 Or"&E:er!"& 6pe"0(ng9
#9 Non :er!"& 6 Body 4"ngu"ge9
aH ?rien <signs and Symbo!sH
bH A#dio D 'is#a! < T'" 'CR Tape recorder ecH
cH =es#res / Body !ang#age
<3*39$ AD:ANTAGES O; ORA4 CO33UNICATION@
Being direc i in&o!&es ges#res ma%ing i more effeci&e and persona!i6ed" !ess ime
cons#ming in&o!&es effeci&e #se of body !ang#age ma%ing i dramai6ed hence adding
e!emen of effeci&eness*
I is a )o )ay comm#nicaion <$#esions as%ed" ideas eAchangedH" f!eAib!e"
Effeci&e and !ess ime cons#ming
<3*GH 7AD:ANTAGE O; 8RITING CO33UNICATION@
The )rien comm#nicaion has a disinc edge o&er ora! comm#nicaion in he fo!!o)ing
manners4
A#horiy
.ermanence
Economica!
Acc#racy
Co&erage
<3*0H/ PARTS O; CO33UNICATION@
Spea%ing / +,N
Lisening D E,N
Reading D 2GN
?riing D >N
?ho!e p#rpose of comm#nicaion is o obain feedbac% D Rep!y/ Response/Acion
<3*1H 7 E;;ECTI:E CO33UNICATION@
The mos significan facor in comm#nicaion is he personCs commimen o he
imporance of effeci&e comm#nicaion* Effeci&e comm#nicaion is &ia! o achie&emen
of organi6aiona! goa!s* The ai#de of cas#a!ness in comm#nicaion can creae
inerpersona! difference in any organi6aion" ma%ing i non/ f#nciona!* To be ab!e o
re!ae )e!! o oher" i is &ery essenia! ha )e comm#nicae c!ear!y and effeci&e!y*
effeci&e comm#nicaion mans he righ )ay of spea%ing and !isening o ohers*
<3*>H 7 E;;ECTI:E TRANS3ISSION AND 4ISTENING@
The imporan ai#de peop!e adop )hi!e !isening o or ransmiing a message are9
4ISTENING ATTITUDE TRANS3ITTING ATTITUDE
Emp."'(c Ad)((ng
Symp"'.e'(c B&"m(ng
A''en'()e Emp."'(c
Ho'(&e S"rc"'(c
Scep'(c Correc'()e
Re-&ec'()e Ho'(&e
Ind(--eren' De-("n'
ReCec'()e De-en()e
B("ed Accep'(ng
;(&'ered Repec'(ng
B&oc0ed Hone'
PreCud(ced Symp"'.e'(c
Se&ec'()e Cr('(c(M(ng

<3*2,H D 3EANSE8A5S O; RESPONSE@
Affirmai&e D IyesPPPPP*J <S#iab!e phrase in f#!!H
Negai&e / InoPPPPPJ <Appropriae phraseH
If informaion no immediae!y a&ai!ab!e b# )i!! soon be" #se Isand byJ
?here informaion no a&ai!ab!e" #se Ino informaionJ
?hen message is no proper!y heard" Isay againJ
?here message is no #ndersood" Imessage no #ndersandJ
<3*22H 7 ;UNCTIONS O; CO33UNICATION@ These are di&ided ino E specific
caegories D
2H In-orm"'(on -unc'(on$ pro&ides informaion needed for managemen*
:H Comm"nd "nd (n'ruc'()e -unc'(on$ ser&e o ma%e he emp!oyee a)are of
heir ob!igaions o he forma! organi6aions and pro&ide g#idance as o ho) o
perform heir d#ies ade$#ae!y*
+H 3o'()"'(on"& -unc'(on$ messages #sed o moi&ae persons o )or% beer for
he organi6aion*
EH T.e (n'egr"'()e -unc'(on$ comm#nicaion he!ps a !o o )or% in an organi6aion
raher hapha6ard one*
<3*2:H D THERE ARE THERE CIRCUITS O; IN;OR3ATION@
Up)ards %no)ing feedbac% abo# orders"
Ideas" acion" reacions ai#de"
7o)n)ard in&o!&ing insr#cions" direcions"
C!arificaions" reg#!aions" orders"
.o!icies ; proced#res*
Cross conac be)een : e$#a! ran%ing officers
<3*2+H D ;EEDBAC<
5or effeci&e comm#nicaion feedbac% p!ays a cr#cia! ro!e* 5or feedbac% o be effeci&e"
he imp!icaion of effeci&e and effeci&e feedbac% sho#!d be proper!y #ndersood*
E;;ECTI:E ;EEDBAC< INE;CTI:E ;EEDBAC<
Inends o he!p he emp!oyee Inends o be! he emp!oyee
Is specific Is genera!
Is descripi&e Is e&a!#aed
Is #sef#! Is inappropriae
Is ime!y Is #nime!y
Is considered imporan -a%es he emp!oyee defensi&e
Is c!ear Is no #ndersandab!e
Is &a!id Is inacc#rae

.as grie&ances sho#!d no o&er!ap )ih c#rren so#rces of dissaisfacion D as he
beneficia! effec )i!! be diminished" he on!y res#! being as angry rea!iaion*
In oher )ords if IAJ )ans o comm#nicae somehing o IBJ D he &ario#s e!emens o
imporance are9
?ha IAJ hin%s he says
?ha IAJ ac#a!!y says
?ha IBJ hin%s he hears
?ha IBC ac#a!!y hears
?ha IBJ ac#a!!y says in rep!y
?ha IAJ hin%s he hears IBJ says
The fo!!o)ing eigh beha&iors are associaed )ih effeci&e comm#nicaion s%i!!s9
Eye conac
EAhibi affirmai&e head nods and appropriae eApression
A&oid desr#ci&e acions
As% $#esions a appropriae imes
.araphrase
A&oid inerr#ping he spea%er
7onC o&er a!%
-a%e smooh ransiion be)een he ro!es of spea%er and !isener*
<3*2EH D CRITIC4 ;EEDBAC<@ if yo# fee! i is necessary o gi&e criica! feedbac%* Use
he Qi&e Di&e Qi&e response paern respeci&e!y* Tha is" o" o begin and end )ih
posii&e saemen*
e*g* yo# ha&e been &ery good abo# meeing he dead!ines <Qi&eH #ni! no)" so I
)as disappoined o find ha yo#r c#rren piece of )or% )as no ready on ime </i&eH*
Fo)e&er I ha&e grea faih in yo#r abi!iy o comp!ee i as $#ic%!y as possib!e <Qi&eH
a!so )hen doing so" yo# sho#!d dea! )ih one poin a a ime for is o be r#!y effeci&e*
<3*23H 7 BOD5 4ANGUAGE OR NON 7 :ERBA4 CO33UNICATION@
Body !ang#age is he !ang#age spo%en by yo#r body in he form of"
aH =es#res 4/ sings" )hich a person can read and #ndersand
bH .os#res 4/ posiion of yo#r body D he )ay yo# si" sand" )a!% or ho!d yo#rse!f*
cH 5acia! eApressions 4/ changes in he appearances of he face i*e* anger happiness
sadness
<re!aed o eyesH hae ec
Un$ "er'()e 6No' ure9 Aer'()e 6Sure9
Ro#nded sho#!ders" head do)n" eyes
do)n" ho!ding hands igh!y" sh#ff!ing
)a!%" no ges#res" o#ching hair/face/body
pars" fingers in mo#h scraching
Sraigh sho#!ders" head sraigh #p" re!aAed
arms and hands" fas )a!%" sanding
sraigh" ges#res" head mo&emens*
Shifing eyes" no !oo%ing a he person"
!oo%ing ino space" biing !ips" co&ering
mo#h" )hen a!%ing serio#s )orried face
!ic%ing !ips" p#ing o# ong#e" ner&o#s
!a#gh" co#gh
Loo%ing direc!y a oher )hen spea%ing
smi!ing re!aAed face" ineresed eyes*
Spea%ing oo sof!y" s!o)!y" saring !o#d"
fading a)ay )hispering saying somehing
negai&e" as if as%ing $#esion" crying
&oice" no eApression" sammering" saying
Iyo# %no)J" II meansJ !a#ghing ec
Spea%ing )ih eApression !o#d!y" c!ear!y"
spea%ing s#re!y" brief!y" posii&e!y" #sing
correc )ords" ending posii&e!y*

<3*2GH D CO33UNICATI:E DISTANCES@
Effeci&e disances in &ario#s ineracions for effeci&e comm#nicaion are
aH ?hen a!%ing o a person sand neiher oo c!ose nor oo far* Comforab!e
disance )hi!e a!%ing is handsha%e disance
bH 7onC o#ch anoher person #n!ess re$#ired*
<3*20H 7 BARRIER TO E;;ECTI:E CO33UNICATION@
19 Cro Cu&'ur"& Commun(c"'(on@ cross c#!#red facors creae he poenia! for
increased comm#nicaion prob!ems* There is a n#mber of conrib#ing facors !eading
o comm#nicaion brea%do)n across c#!#res* The main prob!em inc!#des9
"9 B"rr(er c"ued !y em"n'(c$ )ords means differen hings o differen
peop!e* This is paric#!ar!y r#e for peop!e of differen c#!#res*
!9 B"rr(er c"ued !y /ord conno'"'(on$ )ords imp!y differen hings in
differen !ang#ages*
c9 B"rr(er c"ued !y 'one d(--erence 7 in some c#!#res i is forma!" in oher
i is informa! and conse$#en!y he one change depending on he coneA*
d9 B"rr(er c"ued !y d(--erence "mong percep'(on / peop!e spea%ing
differen !ang#ages &ie) he )or!d in differen )ays" hey are a#gh o see
hings in differen )ay*
:H preCud(ceE B("ed@ E&ery indi&id#a! has his o)n se of ai#des o)ards a
paric#!ar iss#e/ si#aion* This posii&e or negai&e ai#des ca!!ed preB#dice may
dis#rb a smooh f!o) of comm#nicaion and can srain re!aionship be)een
s#periors and s#bordinaes !eading hem o become comp!ee!y non f#ncions*
+H 'ereo'yp(ng pro!&em@ anoher barriers o comm#nicaion is sereoyping" )hich
is a endency o percei&e he oher person as be!onging o a signa!s c!ass/ caegory* I
is &ery simp!e" )ide!y #sed )ay of consr#cing and ass#ming o&era!! profi!e of he
oher person*
5or eAamp!e" peop!e )ho be!ie&e Ia!!J Arabs are -#s!im" Ia!!J Ia!ian be!ong o
-afia" Ia!!J A#sra!ians drin%s nohing eAcep beer" Ia!!J Nor)egians are good
seaman* Of co#rse preceding saemens are no correc b# ne&erhe!ess sereoype of
oher eAi in each one of #s*
+9T.e B&oc0 3(ndF as a hypohesis for consideraion" he maBor barrier o effeci&e
comm#nicaion is o#r &ery na#ra! endency o B#dge" o e&a!#ae" o appro&e or
dispro&e saemen made by peop!e
3H D(--er(ng (n '"'u o- commun(c"'(onF A d(--erence (n '"'u o-
commun(c"'(on &e"d 'o (n.(!('(on "nd "ppre.en()ene among hem" and
hinders he smooh f!o) of comm#nicaion
GH ;(&'er(ng o- (n-orm"'(onF d#e o improper channe!s of
Comm#nicaion" a sender migh
-anip#!ae informaion so ha i migh be seen more fa&orab!y by he recei&er* This
process is ca!!ed fi!ering" and is a maBor barrier o effeci&e comm#nicaion*
HU3AN SE3ANTIC TECHNICA4
.ersona! e&a!#aion 8or&d (n'erpre'"'(on Geogr"p.(c"& d('"nce
Basic Ge'ure decod(ng 3ec."n(c"& -"(&ure
.ercep#a! &ariaion 6H"nd."0eA y"/n
E'c9
P.y(c"& o!'ruc'(on
Compeencies 4"ngu"ge 'r"n&"'(on Tec.no&og(c"&
m"&-unc'(on
Sens#a! abi!iies S(gn J ym!o& Concre'e o!'"c&e
-ena! fac#!ies Cue me"n(ng T(me &"g
Sigh" To#ch" Fearing
TaseH
I I didnC say ha I didnC say i* I said ha I didnC
Say ha I said i* I )an o ma%e ha &ery c!ear*J
/=* Romney
This abo&e saemen eAp!ains he comp!eAiy of ineffeci&e ransference and he
imporance of effeci&e comm#nicaion* Th#s as a simp!e r#!e o fo!!o) one sho#!d
emphasi6e on c!ear and #ndersandab!e modes of comm#nicaion" oher)ise here is a
chance of miscomm#nicaion and informaion disorion from rea!iy*
<3*21H 7 RE3O:A4 O; CO33UNICATION BARRIERS@
Imporan message/ informaion sho#!d be comm#nicaed in )riing*
To ens#re ha message has been recei&ed a he oher end*
The disad&anages of he disance barrier sho#!d be o&ercome*
I sho#!d be a conin#o#s process
The spea%er sho#!d be sensii&e o)ard his/her a#dience and considerae*
5eedbac% sho#!d be #sed o impro&e he comm#nicaion process*
Repeiion of message is #sef#!
-essage sho#!d be ime!y comm#nicaed*
<3*2>H 7 CONDITIONS ;OR E;;ECTI:E CO33UNICATION@
Scho!6 describes some of he facors )hich inf!#ences he effeci&eness of
comm#nicaion* These are as #nder4
The credibi!iy of he comm#nicaion and he moi&e arib#ed o him ha&e a
inf!#ence on he recepion of his message*
The mos s#ccessf#! comm#nicaion are hose )hich reinforce a !eas some of he
a#dience be!ief*
.eop!e are ineresed firs in peop!e" hen in sy!es and hen in ideas*
Beer o comm#nicae informaion !i!e by !i!e o&er a period of ime han a
once*
I sho#!d be ineresing by ma%ing shor senences*
5or changes of opinion* Ora! comm#nicaion ends o be more effeci&e han
)rien )ord*
-ass comm#nicaion is an effeci&e agen of change*
<3*:,H 7 CO33UNICATION IN ENG4ISH@
Eng!ish is )ide!y acceped as he inernaiona! !ang#age of shipping and fac he
inernaiona! con&enion on sandards of raining" cerificaion and )ach %eeping for
seafarer 2>01 <STC?C01H re$#ires he maser and a!! dec% officers o be capab!e of
spea%ing Eng!ish* Fo)e&er he con&enion does no re$#ires engineer officer and chief
se)ards o spea% Eng!ish and ye chief se)ards ha&e o negoiae )ih ship chand!ers*
5or he commercia! efficiency of ships i is B#s as imporan for chief engineer and chief
se)ards o spea% Eng!ish as i is for he maser an dec% officers*
In he pas )hen cerain Briish !iner companies has !ong erm po!ices of
emp!oying Indian Raings" officer )ere enco#raged o !earn Find#sani* B# oday )hen
officers may sai! )ih raings from differen co#nries is s#ccessi&e ships" i is diffic#! if
no impossib!e o enco#rage hem o !earn o spea% he !ang#age of any raings )ho migh
be emp!oyed*
5or day o day managemen of he ship i is a common and $#ie accepab!e
pracice o appoin a !eading raings <e*g* Bos#nH o ac as rans!aor be)een he chief
mae and raings* Fo)e&er his is a dangero#s )ay of manning a ship for" in crisis
si#aion he one rans!aor may no be a he scene of he crisis" or )orse si!!" may ha&e
been %i!!ed or inB#red*
Anoher aspec of his dangero#s pracice of emp!oying a sing!e rans!aor is ha a
raing may ca!! o# a )arning in a shipCs !ang#age* ?ays of #pgrading safey sandard in
m#!i/ !ang#age cre) sho#!d be considered by he ship o)ner/manager and recr#iing
agens ec*
<3*:2H DA4AR3 S5STE3@$
The genera! emergency a!arm sysem sho#!d be capab!e of so#nding he genera! a!arm
signa! consising of se&en or more shor b!as fo!!o)ed by one !ong ba!!as on he shipCs
)his!e or siren and oher addiiona!!y on a e!ecrica!!y operaed be!! or (!aAon or oher
e$#ipmen )arning sysem" )hich sha!! be po)ered by shipCs main s#pp!y and
emergency so#rce of e!ecric po)er*
The sysem sha!! be capab!e of operaion from he na&igaion* Bridge eAcep of shipCs
)his!e and a!so from oher sraegic poins* The sysems sha!! be a#dib!e hro#gho# a!!
he accommodaion and norma! cre) )or%ing spaces*
A!! emergency means comprising eiher fiAed or porab!e e$#ipmen or boh sha!! be
pro&ided for )o )ay comm#nicaion be)een emergency conro! saions" m#ser and
embar%aion saions and sraegic posiions on board*
A genera! emergency a!arm sysems sha!! be pro&ided and sha!! be #sed for s#mmoning
passenger and cre) o m#ser saion and o iniiae he acions inc!#ded in he m#ser !is*
Eiher a p#b!ic address sysems or oher s#iab!e means of comm#nicaion sha!!
s#pp!emen he sysems*
The p#b!ic address sysems sho#!d ha&e a !o#d spea%er insa!!aion enab!ing he broadcas
of message ino a!! spaces )here cre) and passenger are presen* I sho#!d a!!o) for he
broadcas of message form na&igaion bridge and oher p!aces as adminisraion deems
necessary" sho#!d be proeced agains #na#hori6ed #se and insa!!ed )ih regard o
aco#sica!!y margina! condiions*
6%.##9 7 3ETHODS O; CO33UNICATIONSE ATRACTING ATTENTION AND
INDICATING POSITIONF
aH 'F5" Radio Te!ephony" Radio Te!ephony <be)een shipCs Coas saionH
bH ?a!%ie D a!%ie <can esab!ish conac )ihin :E N-H
cH So#nd signa!s <conin#o#s ringing of be!!" (!aAon ecH
dH Semaphore
eH 7isress roc%es" f!are smo%e f!oas
fH A!dis !amp /search !ighs
gH E.IRB <)or!d )ide in co!abraion of =-7SSH
hH SART <-aA* range :E--/s#bBec o $#a!iy of radars H
iH Lifeboa radio <Obso!eeH
BH A#o a!arm / R*T* recei&er

<3*:+H =-7SS is a )or!d)ide p!an for mariime safey hro#gh inernaiona!
cooperaion* This sysems brings ogeher -5" F5" 'F5 and sae!!ie sysems o ens#re
ha a ship in disress is ass#red of assisance" irrespeci&e of is disances
I does no ha&e any ranger resricion as in -5" F5 and 'F5"
To assis a ship in disress i is imperai&e ha
Search and resc#e a#horiies ashore are a!ered*
Ships in he &iciniy be %no)n" idenified and informed according!y*
To achie&e his p#rpose" Na&igab!e area are di&ided ino fo#r secors and ships are
ade$#ae!y e$#ipped as per heir respeci&e area*
A2 DUpo E,(- of 'F5 coas saion*
A: D Upo :3, (- of -5 coas saion
A+ D Beyond :3, (- b# )ihin Inmarsa range
AE DA!! he abo&e p!#s Cospass/ Sarsa range <po!ar regionH
=-7SS re$#iremens peraining o comm#nicaion are o be fied in ships +,, =RT and
abo&e )ih effec from ,2/,:/2>>>*
<3*:EH D SATE44ITE CO33UNICATION@$
IN3ARSATF Inernaiona! mariime sae!!ie organi6aion )ih operaion conro! cener
<OCCH in London esab!ished in 2>1: for pro&iding g!oba! comm#nicaion for
aH Efficien managemen of shipping
bH .#b!ic correspondences
cH Assisance in disress and search and resc#e
IN3ARSAT 7 A @$ pro&ides &oice and e!eA comm#nicaion*
IN3ARSAT 7 B @$ pro&ides digia! &ersion of IN-ARSAT D A
IN3ARSAT 7 C @$ pro&ides on!y e!eA comm#nicaion
IN3ARSAT 7 3 @$ pro&ides on!y &oice comm#nicaion
Sae!!ie are a&ai!ab!e o&er e&ery ocean and h#s immediae comm#nicaion can be
esab!ished )hich red#ces amosphere dis#rbance and a&ai!ab!e :E ho#rs*
EPIRB 6Emergency po('(on (nd(c"'(ng r"d(o !e"con9 @$ &esse! no) m#s be e$#ipped
)ih E.IRB ha immediae!y sends signa!s recei&ed by coas* Earh saion &ia sae!!ie
)hen re!eased in )aer* I a!so has hydrosaic re!ease ha re!ease he E.IRB in case a
&esse! sin%s*
SART 6Se"rc. J recue Tr"nponder9 4/ assiss &esse! in !ocaing s#r&i&a! crafs )hen
inerrogaed shipCs radar*
<3*:3H/ SHIP STATION 4ICENCE@
No saion can operae #n!ess appropriae a#horiy iss#e !icense" name!y
The )ire!ess ad&iser
To he go&ernmen of India
-inisry of comm#nicaion" ne) 7e!hi" India
This !icense is %no)n as ship saion !icense and rene)ed e&ery ca!endar years*
Use of )ire!ess in Indian harbors is prohibied
Comm#nicaion sho#!d preferab!y be carried o# on 'F5 and is resriced o"
aH .or operaion
bH .ri&ae channe! !icensed by he go&ernmen
cH Safey raffic hro#gh coas saion
dH Iner ship comm#nicaion
<m#s a&oid )or%ing channe!s of pors" channe! 2G ecH
<3*:GH D DISTRESS 3ESSAGE@
?hene&er &esse! is in disress and needs immediae assisance" maser or officer/ in/
charge sends disress message in he fo!!o)ing forma"
-ay day < hriceH
This is PPP* <name and/ or ca!! sign of he &esse! in disressH <hriceH
-ay day <one imeH
Name and/ or ca!! sign of &esse! <one imeH
.osiion of &esse!
Na#re of disress
Type of assisance re$#ired
N#mber of persons on board
Any addiiona! informaion o faci!iae resc#e*
S.(p Ac0no/&edg(ng rece(p' o- D('reF
5#rnish soon as possib!e o he ship in disress
Name and/ or ca!! sign of his ship
.roceeding for resc#e
Fer posiion
Fer speed
Esimaed ime of arri&a! a he posiion of disress
Urgency commun(c"'(on@$ concerns safey of ship or person
S"-e'y commun(c"'(on @$ concerns na&igaiona! or meeoro!ogica! )arning*
CHAPTER ?*
INTER PERSONA4 RE4ATIONSHIP
6*.19 INTRODUCTION
.rod#ci&iy of any organi6aion or )or% #ni depends #pon he peop!e )or%ing in ha
#ni* =i&en he same inp# peop!e can prod#ce more if hey )or% more h#s increasing
he prod#ci&iy of he #ni* The $#esion is Iho) o ma%e peop!e achie&e more or beer
heir achie&emenKJ his iss#e re$#ires an #ndersanding of )ha moi&aes peop!e o
)or% more and in beer from**
A chief EAec#i&e by definiion is on )ho is in&o!&ed in p!anning" organi6ing"
coordinaing and eAec#ing he &ario#s aci&iies o achie&e is saed goa! and is
consan!y ineracing )ih peop!e or his s#bordinaes <in he office or on shipH and
S#per&ision heir )or%* As an adminisraor he a!so s#bordinaes o some higher a#horiy
and )ih fe!!o) )or%ers* Th#s a!! his ineracions )ih differen gro#p of peop!e
inf!#ence his adminisraion* Fe needs o #ndersand he dynamics of h#man beha&io#r*
Fe )i!! be ab!e o perform his as%s m#ch beer if he has some insigh ino $#esions*
S#ch as he fo!!o)ings*
?hy do he peop!e beha&e he )ay hey doK
?ha are some of he significan hings peop!e !oo% for in heir BobK
Fo) co#!d )or% be designed or personne! be moi&aed o pro&ide maAim#m
saisfacion o peop!e and heir needsK
Fo) can one #ndersand he moi&es or needs of a paric#!ar emp!oyeeK
Fo) can a c!imae be creaed )here he maAim#m #i!i6aion of h#man a!ens is
possib!e*
Fo) can he saff be he!ped o perform o heir maAim#mK
Fo) o gain he commimen of an emp!oyeeK

Ac#a!!y" a personCs beha&ior is direced by se&era! needs )hich are as fo!!o)s4
Basic needs
Safey and sec#riy
Lo&e and affecion
.o)er" presige" recogniion" achie&emen" sa#s and oher higher socia! needs*
Se!f ac#a!i6aion or se!f eseem**
<G*:H DSE4; ESTEE3
Once a!! hese needs are saisfied" one sho#!d %no) his o)n abi!iy and poenia! and #se
hem o heir maAim#m* Their beha&io#r is direced by he se!f eseem need or socia! ned"
hese are se&era! in n#mbers*
Some imporan moi&es or facors re!e&an o inf!#ences a personCs beha&ior
-oi&es -eaning Beha&ior indicaor
Achie&emen .erson moi&aed by his sri&e for
eAce!!ence*
.ersons dominaed by his
moi&e are $#a!iy
conscio#s and dri&e
p!eas#re in di!igen!y
achie&ing heir arges*
Affi!iaion 7esire for %eeping
Affecionae re!aionship
.ersons are gregario#s in
na#re
.o)er 7esire o be s#perior EAro&er
EAension S#ppori&e .hi!anhropis in na#re
Aggression =arr#!o#s Arg#menai&e
7ependence No se!f re!ian Inro&er* 5o!!o)er
Independence Se!f/ re!ian Abi!iy o eAer
Sec#riy Ass#rance Insec#riy !eading o
fr#sraion
Sa#s and presige See%ing re&erence* A#omaic in na#re
Recogniion Idenificaion ?i!! o be recogni6ed
Aci&iy Be!ief in acion Consan!y on mo&e

.eop!e ha&ing need for affi!iaion" )or% )e!! if s#ch )or% saisfies heir desire o ge !o&e
and affecion from hose )ho maer* I is essenia! o design a )arm and hea!hy )or%
en&ironmen )hich may sim#!ae peop!e o )or% hard and yie!d bes res#!s* ?hi!e i may
be oo ambiio#s for a adminisraor o aim a creaing condiions ha he!p peop!e o
reach se!f ac#a!i6aion !e&e! or se!f eseem !e&e!* An adminisraor can do )e!! in
creaing condiions ha %eep peop!e a)ay from fr#sraion and %eep hem consan!y
sri&ing o p# forh heir bes in achie&ing heir obBeci&e*
T.ey c"n /or0 on -o&&o/(ng d(men(on@$
Creae condiions )here )or%erCs energies are no eApanded oa!!y in meeing
heir basic needs*
Creae a c!imae for iner/ dependen )or% raher han dependency*
Creae a compeii&e c!imae hro#gh recogniion of )or%
Cree prod#ci&e c!imae hro#gh persona! eAamp!es*
Creae a c!imae of approach and prob!em so!&ing raher hen a&oidance*
-oi&ae indi&id#a!!y hro#gh g#idance and co#nse!ing
<G*+H D TRANSACTIONA4 ANA45SIS
Eric Berne is credied )ih saring he TA mo&emen )ih his bes se!!ing boo% I=ames
peop!e p!ayJ and i )as f#rher pop#!ari6ed by Thomas Farries in he boo% IIC- O(* D
YOUCRE O(*J I is based on )e!! de&e!oped psychoana!yic heoreica! base*
There are + maBor areas of ransaciona! ana!ysis4
2* Ego saes
:* Sro%es and games
+* Transacions
<E*GH EGO STATES@
The ego p!ays a &ery imporan ro!e in persona!iy de&e!opmen of an indi&id#a! *i
represens rea!iy* I is no obser&ab!e9 i is #sed o he!p eAp!ain he comp!eA dynamics of
he h#man psycho!ogy* Transaciona! ana!ysis #ses his psycho!oana!yic heory as
bac%gro#nd hree imporan ego saes4
2*Chi!d ego sae
:* Ad#! ego sae
+* .aren ego sae
C.(&d ego '"'e
In his sae peop!e beha&e !i%e an imp#!si&e chi!d* This Ichi!dJ sae co#!d be
characeri6ed by being s#bmissi&e and conforming or emoiona!" Boyf#! or rebe!!io#s* I
sho)s a &ery imma#re beha&ior* An eAamp!e sho)s ho) a B#nior cade responds o his
boss in a ship 4 someime he responds by saying Iyo# %no) bes* ?hae&er yo# say" sir*J
I sho)s an imma#re sae of a cade*
Adu&' ego '"'e
In his paric#!ar sae he person acs !i%e a ma#re ad#!* .eop!e aend prob!ems in a
coo! headed and raiona! manner" before ma%ing any decision hey gaher re!e&an
informaion" ana!y6e i caref#!!y and generae a!ernai&e and hen ma%e !ogica! choice
and op for he bes one* Their acions are no imp#!si&e* In dea!ing )ih oher peop!e his
sae is characeri6ed by fairness and obBeci&iy*
P"ren' ego '"'e

.eop!e in he paren ego sae acs as a domineering parens* A person can be eiher o&er
proeci&e and !o&ing or sern and criica!* This sae of min is a!so characeri6ed by hose
)ho se sandards and r#!es for ohers* They beha&e !i%e a ma#re person an rea oher as
chi!d*
An eAamp!e is ha a senior officer in a ship says o his s#bordinaes" IO%ay" yo# g#ys"
sop foo!ing and ge o )or% immediae!yJ*
<G*3H/ DE:E4OP3ENT O; EGO STATE
?hen firs born" he infanCs a)areness is cenered on persona! needs and comfors* The
baby seems o a&oid painf#! eAperience and responds as he fee!ing !e&e!* A!mos
immediae!y he infansC #ni$#e chi!d ego sae emerges*
The p"ren' ego '"'e de&e!ops nes* I is ofen firs obser&ed )hen he yo#ng chi!d
p!ays a parening" imiaing parena! beha&iors*
The "du&' ego '"'e de&e!ops as he chi!d ries o ma%e sense o# of he )or!d and fig#res
o# ha oher peop!e can be manip#!aed" e*g* a chi!d may as% )hy do I ha&e o ea )hen
I am no h#ngryK And may ry o manip#!aes ohers by fa%ing a somach ache in order o
a&oid eaing
<G*GH 7STRO<ES
?ha do yo# #ndersand by Isro%eJK
Iso%eJ means )hen a person mees )ih anoher person )ih a cheerf#! smi!e" nod" a
fro)n" a &erba! greeing ec"* his recogniion in Transaciona! ana!ysis !ang#age is ca!!ed
a sro%e* One or more sro%es ma%e a ransacion* E&eryone needs sro%e for e*g* a pa on
he bac%" or a )ord of recogniion ec* E&erybody )ans some %ind of sro%ing" p!easan
or #np!easan* A sro%e ha %eeps yo# happy Is a posii&e sro%e on he oher hand if is
effec is oher)ise hen i is ca!!ed negai&e sro%es*
<G*0H D TRANSACTION are of hree ypes"
2* Comp!emenary
:* Crossed
+* U!erior
Comp&emen'"ry 'r"n"c'(on
In his ransacion a message is sen by one personCs ego sae and recei&e he appropriae
and eApeced response from he oher personCs ego sae* The !ines of comm#nicaion are
open and hey can conin#e )ih each oher*
Body pos#re" facia! eApressions" ges#res" one of &oice a!! conrib#e o he meaning in
e&ery ransacion*
Croed 'r"n"c'(on
I occ#rs )hen he message sen or he beha&iors eAhibied by one personCs ego sae is
reaced o by an #neApeced" incompaib!e manner on he par of he oher personCs ego
sae* 5or e*g* he boss reas his s#bordinaes as a chi!d b# he s#bordinaes aemps o
responds on an ad#! basis*
U&'er(or 'r"n"c'(on
The mos comp!eA is he #!erior ransacion* These can be &ery s#b!e b# !i%e he
crossed ransacion" genera!!y hey are &ery damaging o inerpersona! re!aionships* In
his ransacion he person is a!)ays in&o!&ed in a !eas )o ego saes and i is more
diffic#! o idenify ha in )hich ego sae/he/she is operaing*
A common prob!em ha can !ead o ro#b!e is ca!!ed LconaminaionC" )hich means
LmessingC" The paren or chi!d par of yo# can inerfere )ih yo#r ad#! and mess #p
)hae&er yo# are doing or fee!ing*
5or eAamp!e" in some si#aions yo# may hin% ha yo# are #sing yo#r ad#! b# if yo#
are preB#diced" he paren in yo# may be doing he a!%ing" S#ppose if yo#r moher
be!ie&ed ha peop!e of anoher race are no good" he paren in yo# may a!% he same
)ay she did* Yo#r ad#! may hen be conaminaed by yo#r paren* Tha is yo# may a%e
)ha yo#r moher said as fac )iho# rea!!y chec%ing
<G*1H DDIAGRA3 O; CONTA3INATION 3ESSING
Un conaminaed ad#! ad#! ad#!
Conaminaed "conaminaed conaminaed
By paren by chi!d by paren ; chi!d
Yo#r ad#! can a!so be conaminaed by yo#r chi!d* 5or eAamp!e if someone hin%s ha
peop!e are agains him )hen hey are rea!!y no" i may be scared !i!e " !i!e (id in him
ha is messing #p yo#r ad#! hin%ing*
<G*>H 7TEA3
A Team consiss of gro#p of homogeneo#s peop!e ha&ing a common obBeci&e or goa! o
be achie&ed heir acions are direced by heir obBeci&e* I is a precondiion of a eam ha
he aci&iies of is consi#en members sho#!d no be co#nerprod#ci&e o each oher
b# sho#!d be s#pporing and #nidireciona! o)ards achie&ing heir arges )hich is
easier o achie&e in an organi6ed eam* I is he b#i!ding b!oc% of any organi6aion* =od
eam )or% enhances prod#ci&e!y" $#a!iy and he )or% en&ironmen* I he!ps peop!e o
ana!y6e and so!&e operaiona! prob!ems and a%e ad&anage of oppor#niies ha co#!d
no ha&e been eAp!oied on he indi&id#a! basis* In a eam he energies of a!! he
consi#en members are #i!i6ed in a co!!eci&e manner and he approach is #nied )hich
enhance he prod#ci&iy and res#! of he gro#p as a )ho!e*
<G*2,H D E4E3ENTS O; AN E;;ECTI:E TEA3@ An effeci&e eam has fo#r basic
e!emens*
2H GO4ASF are he saemens of I)haJ needs o be accomp!ished* These m#s be
#ndersood and acceped by a!! eam members" a!ho#gh a crisis si#aion is an
eAcepion* A eam can prioriies and ma%e necessary changes from reg#!ar d#ies*
.
A
C
.
A
C
.
A
C
.
A
C
:H RO4ESF Ro!e c!ariy imp!ies %no)ing eAac!y )ha each members of he am
inc!#ding !eader eAcep of each oher* This re$#iremens he I)hoJ of effeci&e
eam)or%*
+H PROCEDURESF I refers o he )ays" )or% echni$#e and he norms he eam
#ses for geing he )or% done* I conains he accepab!e and no/ accepab!e
)or% proced#res he Iho)J of eam )or% can refer o ho) prob!em are so!&ed"
decision are made" conf!ics are reso!&ed ec*
EH RE4ATIONSHIP @ In a eam i refer o he eAen o )hich peop!e r#s" s#ppor"
respec" cooperae and fee! comforab!e )ih one anoher )hich )o#!d ha )ay
hey )or% ogeher* Re!aionship co&er inerpersona! ineracions as )e!! as iner
deparmena! gro#p dynamics*
<G*22H D THE CHARACTERISTICS O; A TEA3
A defined membership
A shared sense of p#rpose
=ro#p pride D o#r ship" o#r company
A &isib!e acceped inerdependence be)een differen deparmens*
Easy ineracion among he members of differen deparmens
The gro#p f#ncions as a signa!s #ni*
Term has an imp!ici faih in each oher o form a eam spiri*
<G*2:H D HO8 TO DE:E4OP TEA3 SPIRIT
Seing c!ear obBeci&e D Igoa!sJ
Seing sandards D Iproced#resJ
7e&e!op openness and fran%ing D IRe!aionshipJ
Re)arding cooperaion/ enco#raging r#s D Iro!esJ
-a%ing effeci&e decisions
Reg#!ar re&ie) modificaion
<G*2+H 73A<ING THE BEST O; A TEA3
Each indi&id#a! is a pri6ed possession
E&ery person is #ni$#e
Emphasi6e he sronger and more #sef#! rais of he persona!iy and gi&es
consr#ci&e s#ggesions/ raining for )ea%er areas
A eam has a n#mber of #sef#! persona!iies*
<G*2EH D HU3AN ;EE4ING 4.P.R 6 In'er Peron"& Re&"'(on.(p9
aH Inerpersona! re!aionships means he re!aionship be)een differen indi&id#a!s as
person* I is no mere!y he officia! or b#siness !in%age9 i is he h#man fee!ings
yo# p# ino yo#rs dai!y ransacions*
bH ?E are a!! fami!iar )ih )ords !i%e I!o&eJ" I5riendshipJ IRespecJ" Loya!J ec*
hese are some of he )ords ha spe!!s a posii&e I.R* In he norma! r#n" hese
ges changed beca#se of a n#mber of inf!#ences inerna! as )e!! as eAerna!* The
inerna! inf!#ences are he I!i%es and dis!i%esJ" Ipreferences and preB#dicesJ"
asserion and deserionsJ ec*
cH The c!imae and spiri of ogeherness on board depends grea!y on he I.R &a!&e
of he indi&id#a!s* Fence i is essenia! ha a!! ry o impro&e he I.R &a!&es*
.sycho!ogica! mehods as )e!! as dai!y rying of he indi&id#a! can modify him o
be a beer one )ih higher I.R &a!&e day by days*
<G*23H D NURTURING RE4ATIONSHIPS
There are a n#mber of areas )here a re!aionship can be so)ed" creaed and no#rished*
Le #s !oo% ino he facs firs* Fo) do indi&id#a!s come ogeherK ?ha is he basis for
sar of a re!aionshipK -any peop!e do come across" b# hey do no form friendship* B#
fe) of hen &ery easi!y form friendship ha some imes !as for e&er* Fo) far hey go
ogeher )i!! depend on he indi&id#a!s beha&io#r paerns*
They are main!y )o condiions o be saisfied one fa!!s ino a re!aionship
The socio!ogica! facors
The psycho!ogica! facors
The abo&e facors a!so inf!#ence he beha&iors of he indi&id#a!s* So one m#s %no) ho)
o chec% on hese facors* (no)ing hese facors" is here a )ay o impro&e he I.R
shi!!sK Yes" b# mos of is depends on yo#* Some of he poins )hich can be of he!p are
gi&en be!o)*
Be a good comm#nicaor
Be a gen#ine person
7o no impersonae
Consider a!! as yo#r friends o sar )ih
Be open and )e!come ohers
-anage yo#rse!f and yo#r ime )e!!
Fe!p ohers
Be sincere
Loo% ino yo#r o)n beha&iors and !earn
Si#aion may differ" b# yo# )i!! a!)ays be in&o!&ed in he re!aion* Fence !earn ho) o
gain some of he abo&e $#a!iies* They can he!p yo# o form a good re!aionship* Fere is
some hing from Ione min#es managerJ
Ta%e a min#es o !oo% o# a he peop!e )ih yo#
The res#! depends on peop!e D c"re -or '.em
Cach hem doing somehing good/ "pprec("'e "nd encour"ge
If fo#nd g#i!y D 5orgi&e hem
And in&es a !eas a min#e in peop!e
.racice abo&e &a!#ab!e ips and yo# )i!! find )or!d cheering a yo#
CHAPTER ?2
SOCIA4 RESPONSIBI4IT5
<0*2H INTRODUCTION
Socia! responsibi!iy is a ne) erm coined by he p#ndis of he modern managemen* A
p!ace or aci&iy )here a gro#p of persons or a person is in&o!&ed ha&e he )in
responsibi!iy* The firs is ha he person of he gro#p of persons are responsib!e for by
heir deeds* Characer and cond#c o he organi6aion hey are )or%ing for especia!!y o
heir aim" obBeci&e and achie&emens and second!y a he same ime since hey are no
)or%ing in iso!aion" hey in #rn are a!so affecing he en&ironmen aro#nd hem and in
#rn being affeced by he en&ironmen* They ha&e a socia! responsibi!iy boh for he
inerna! en&ironmen <he en&ironmen of he )or%ing p!aceH and eAerna! en&ironmen*
Socia! responsibi!iy encompasses boh he abo&e aspecs* The en&ironmen aro#nd he
person effecs his )or%ing and o#p#* If boh he en&ironmen are cond#ci&e o he )or%
hen he bes of he res#! are achie&ed* Any hing )hich is going o affec i )eaher man
made or inheren affecs he o#p# direc!y*
Resricing o#r disc#ssion o he ship condiions" he socia! condiions on he ship are
&ery imporan for he smooh and ro#b!e free sai!ing of ship han any oher condiion
affecing he )ho!e operaion* The mos !eha! hing for he ship and he seafarer is no
from co!!ision" accidens or eAp!osions b# raher from poor socia! condiions pre&ai!ing
onboard he ship*
The daabase ana!ysis of he ca#ses of he accidens of ships ha&e re&ea!ed ha one of he
mos aso#nding ca#ses for accidens a sea is no he mechanica! fai!#re b# h#man errors
or s#b/ sandard acions* Of hese 1,N ha&e been associaed )ih h#man error o# of ha
GEN is managemen error and 2GN d#e o operaorCs error*
The effec of poor socia! condiions ca#ses socia! cas#a!ies in he form of s#icide" dr#g
addicion and homicide* -os of hese reasons can be rac o !o) sa#s" !ac% of
ed#caion and insec#re socia! re!aionships* These facors" co!!eci&e!y or a!one can !ead
o faa! accidens and hey mos cerain!y ha&e a negai&e impac on cre) performance
and shipCs safey
A!! he r#!es reg#!aions aimed o safeg#ard he !ife and he propery of he seafarer
sho#!d a!so consider he h#man aspec on he ship a!ong )ih he machinery par*
Safey on he ship as a p!ace of )or% is a responsibi!iy of go&ernmen adminisraions*
?hi!e he socia! sysems on he ship is he concern of managemen and rade #nions*
I is in he ineres of e&ery seafarer and he managemen ha he socia! condiions on he
ship sho#!d impro&e and he seafarer sho#!d #ndersand heir righs*
I is imperai&e o #ndersand ha he beer socia! condiions on board he ship )i!!
cerain!y !ead o beer )or% performance and accidens free sai!ing*
<0*:H D SOCIA4 AND 8OR< EN:IRON3ENT
aH The need o a&oid conf!ic be)een emp!oyer and emp!oyees sho#!d ha&e he
highes prioriy" and o his end here sho#!d be a proper!y negoiaed )hich is
c!ear!y and eAp!ici!y doc#mened on a!! maers conneced )ih he socia! and
)or% en&ironmen* Seafarers )or% )ihin he condiions sip#!aed in heir
-ariime aric!es of agreemen*
bH An eAamp!e of )here i is imperai&e o ha&e agreemen is in he area of he
cond#c of an emp!oyee* S#ch si#aions are no simp!e and c!ear c#" he maer
co#!d be concerned )ih fo#r basic si#aions4
On he Bob
Off he Bob
@ob re!aed
No Bob re!aed
*
cH The serio#sness )ih )hich he maer is o be &ie)ed can ha&e a )ho!e range of
&a!#es from &ery high o &ery !o) and here needs o be some g#ide!ine" )hich
)i!! a!!o) he maer o be se!ed fair!y and )iho# any resenmen* This aspec
is someimes referred o as LLegiimacy of ineresC"
dH .roper!y negoiaed agreemens )i!! ens#re a meas#re of saisfacion on boh
sides beca#se po)er )i!! no be ripped oo hea&i!y agains on par D a po)er
ba!ance being he goa! o be aimed a*
eH In mos cases oday a forma! conrac is #sed )hich specify )ha he emp!oyer
)i!! pro&ide and carry o# in re#rn for he emp!oyeeCs commimen o he
ser&ices of he company in a specified ro!e carrying o# specified d#ies and as%s*
fH .ersona!" in #rn" )i!! ha&e a d#y o proec he ineress of he emp!oyer as fare
as hey are ab!e o" pro&iding ha" in doing so no naiona! and inernaiona!
re$#iremens is infringed* A!! acions m#s be )ihin he bo#nds of he !a)" and as
far as possib!e emp!oyee sho#!d no be re$#ired o ma%e mora! @#dgmens
gH Some eAamp!es of pri&acy righ are9
/ In-orm"'(on On!y informaion ha is re!e&an sho#!d be pro&ided and
sored )ih periodic re&ie) o remo&e obso!ee daa*
Peron"& d"'" no persona! daa sho#!d be sored )hich is #n%no)n o
personne!*
Acce personne! sho#!d ha&e access o heir o)n persona! records*
Con-(den'("&&y No persona! informaion sho#!d be disc!osed o a hird pary
)iho# he prior consen of he emp!oyee*
Secur('y A!! persona! informaion sho#!d be sec#red and mainained agains
#na#hori6ed access*
Sur)e(&&"nce No s#r&ei!!ance sysems <a#dio or &is#a! Hsho#!d be #sed of
)hich persona! are #na)are *
<h Acions )hich may in&ade pri&acy #s#a!!y re!ae o pri&ae !ife or o he #na#hori6ed
re!ease of informaion" and s#ch aci&iies )o#!d inc!#de*
/ persona! daa comp!ied by an organi6aion <emp!oyer or oher bodyH
/ confidenia! ser&ices" medica! or oher secre record
/ in&esigaions of persona! for p#rpose of appraisa!
/ reamen for a!coho! or dr#g ab#se
/ searches for cabins" ec for conraband aric!es or dr#gs ec*

<0*+H DASSESS3ENT AND DISCIP4INE
aH In mos organi6aions a sysems of assessmen and reporing is #sed o monior
he performance of emp!oyee )hich )o#!d be an imporan indicaor as o
conin#ed emp!oymen or ad&ancemen*
bH A cerain amo#n of conro! o&er emp!oyee is essenia! o ens#re ha b#siness is
cond#ced and obBeci&es are achie&emen* Inrinsic in s#ch conro! is a
frame)or% of discip!ine*
cH There a re )o ypes of discip!ine
o pre&eni&e discip!ine4 This enco#rage emp!oyees o %eep )ihin he agreed
r#!es and h#s a&oid infringemen*
o Correci&e discip!ine4 This is acion )hich fo!!o)s an infringemen and
)hich i is hope )i!! deer f#rher infringemen
dH 7iscip!inary r#!es and sandards ha&e o be obser&ed and %ep o" and pena!ies
may be app!ied )hen here are infringed* 7epending on he serio#sness of he
offence" co#nse!ing may be #sed iniia!!y
-oneary sancion
S#spension from d#y
Transfer" probab!y o !ess responsib!e posiion *
7ismissa! from ser&ices
eH -oneary sancions depends on !ega! aspecs and in many cases on!y in&o!&es
)ihho!ding bon#ses or oher &o!#nary paymens*
fH ?hae&er he na#re of infringemen" a )rien record sho#!d be made and
reained of any iner&ie) or acions" and )ih he signa#re of he emp!oyee ha
he has read and noed and #ndersood he )rien record* S#ch record a!so be
co#nersigned and daed by he iner&ie)er and his s#perior*
gH The p#rpose of discip!ine is o assess and idenify cases )here personne! ha&e no
achie&ed he prescribed sandards of ser&ices in heir d#ies and responsibi!iies or
ha&e had some !apse of cond#c* The aim sho#!d be o ry and resore he
si#aion" no o ma%e i )orse* .ri&ae disc#ssions and iner&ie) sho#!d be #sed
o ry and idenify )ha has happened and )hy* Aemps sho#!d be made o
correc any gaps in %no)!edge and #ndersanding in case his is he reason behind
he infringemen or fai!#re*
hH Fo)e&er here sho#!d be !imis c!ear!y defined" for eAamp!e" a Icode of praciceJ
re!aed o beha&io#r and performance )hich m#s be promp!y chec%ed and
in&esigaed and repor compi!ing concerning i* A!! personne! sho#!d be f#!!y
a)are of )ha is eApeced of hem and )ha pena!ies )i!! be imposed for
breaches of reg#!aions or fai!#re in d#y and responsibi!iy*
<iH The emp!oymen re!aionship is )o )ay in ha
The organi6aion has responsibi!iies o personne!
The personne! ha&e responsibi!iies o he organi6aion
<BH for he associaion be)een emp!oyer and emp!oyee o )or% harmonio#s!y and
o he benefi of boh paries" i is &ia! ha each pary recogni6es is o)n
responsibi!iies and d#ies and ma%es e&ery effor o hono#r hem
<0*EH 7 THE RIGHTS O; A SEA;ARER
Righ o safey agains accidens
Righ o socia! sec#riy
Righ o ed#caion" emp!oymen and raining*
Righ o a&oid errors
Righ o s#r&i&a!
<0*3H 7 THE BASIC HU3AN RIGHTS E:ER5BOD5 SHOU4D <NO8
There are some basic h#man righs )e sho#!d be a)are of hese are as fo!!o)s*
Yo# ha&e he righ o do any hing as !ong as i does no h#r someone e!se*
Yo# ha&e he righ o mainain yo#r digay by being proper!y asseri&e
e&en if i h#r someone e!se/as yo#r moi&e is no aggressi&e b# asseri&e*
Yo# a!)ays ha&e he righ o ma%e a re$#es o anoher person as !ong as
yo# rea!i6e ha he oher persons has a righ o say INoJ*
Yo# m#s re!ease ha here are cerain border!ine cases in inerpersona!
si#aion in )hich yo# ha&e he righ o disc#ss he prob!em o c!ear!y i*
Yo# ha&e he righ o aain yo#r righs
Righ o yo#r con&icions
Righs o oneCs o)n compeency
Righ o ma%e misa%e and !earn from hem* These misa%es are a&oided
by proper raining
DURG AND A4COHO4 PO4IC5
<0*GH 7A4COHO4 AND DRUG ABUSE@
A!coho! is #sed by many peop!e d#ring socia! occasions o he!p hem re!aA and ha&e and
enBoyab!e ime9 he same can no be said of dr#g* Immoderae #se of a!coho!" paric#!ar!y
if i ma%es i #np!easan for ohers" can be ermed ab#se* A!coho! and dr#g ab#se is fo#nd
in a!! )a!%s of !ife and spans a!! age gro#ps and cases of sociey
Conrib#ing facors o a!coho!ism inc!#de9
@ob en&ironmen
.ersona! habis
.ersona! prob!ems
A!coho!ism sho#!d be reaed as an i!!ness and medica! reamen sho#!d be so#gh* Once
he i!!ness has been idenified* The seafarer sho#!d see% medica! reamen ashore o
a!!e&iae or correc any physica! prob!ems" and he!p sho#!d o so#gh hro#gh co#nse!ing
and/or s#ppor bodies s#ch as La!coho!ics anonymo#sC o de&e!op a program of
rehabi!iaion* The inernaiona! medica! g#ide for ships <?FOH conains informaion and
ad&ice on ho) o dea! )ih a!coho! and dr#g ab#se*
The dr#gs main!y #sed are mariB#ana" heroin and cocaine" in one forms or anoher*
.ro!onged #se of ran$#i!i6ers )iho# medica! s#per&isions is probab!y one conrib#ing
facors o addicion" oher facors are he same as !ised for a!coho!ism" a!ho#gh he
ra#mas re!aed o cessaion are more se&ere han for a!coho!" paric#!ar!y for he hard
dr#gs*
The main conse$#ences of hese ab#ses for seafarer is he ha6ard presened o he safe
operaion of he ship and he safey of oher cre) members* In a Bob si#aion" a!coho! and
dr#g ab#se can be disasro#s*
<0*0H DGUIDANCE ON PRE:ENTION O; DRUG AND A4COHO4 ABUSE
7r#g and a!coho! ab#se direc!y affec he finess and he abi!iy of seafarer o perform
)ach %eeping d#ies* Seafarer fo#nd o be #nder he inf!#ence of dr#g or a!coho! sho#!d
no be permied o perform )ach %eeping d#ies #ni! hey are no !onger impaired in
heir abi!iy o perform hose d#ies*
Adminisraions sho#!d considers de&e!oping naiona! !egis!aion4
.rescribing a maAim#m of *1N b!ood a!coho! conen <BACH d#ring )ach %eeping d#y
as a minim#m safey sandards on heir ships9 and
.rohibiing he cons#mpion of a!coho! )ihin in E ho#rs prior o ser&ing as a member of
a )ach*
62.=9 7 THE DRUG AND A4COHO4 ABUSE SCREENING PROGRA33E
GUIDE4INES
The adminisraion sho#!d ens#re ha ade$#ae meas#res are a%en o pre&en
a!coho!/dr#g from impairing he abi!iy of )ach %eeping personne!" and sho#!d r#n
reg#!ar screening programs as necessary )hich9
Idenify dr#g and a!coho! ab#se*
Respec he digniy" pri&acy confidenia!!y and f#ndamena! !ega! righs of he
indi&id#a!s concerned
Ta%e ino acco#n re!e&an inernaiona! g#ide!ines
The OCI-5 <Oi! companies inernaiona! marine for#mH g#ide!ines on his s#bBec are
considered mos )ide!y acceped inernaiona! g#ide!ines* These are as fo!!o)s4
62.>9 7 GUIDE4INES ;OR THE CONTRO4 O; DRUGS AND A4COHO4 ON
BOARD 6B5 OCI3;9@
7r#g and a!coho! ab#se and is ad&erse effecs on safey is one of he mos significan
socia! prob!ems of o#r ime* I is appropriae!y" recei&ing aenion boh in p#b!ic eye in
and go&ernmen !egis!aion* An eAamp!e" specific o he marine ind#sry" regarding
go&ernmen aenion o his iss#e is The U*S Coas g#ard <USC=H reg#!aions on he
esing personne! on naiona! and foreign f!ag ships*
Recogni6ing he poenia!!y sero#s impac of marine incidens" he oi! companies
inernaiona! marine for#m <OCI-5H" and he marine ind#sry in genera!" ha&e o&er he
years de&e!oped g#idance aimed a enco#raging safe ship operaion and proecion of he
en&ironmen* ?hi!e an%er companies ha&e genera!!y operaed )ih sric po!icies re!aed
o dr#g and a!coho! #se onboard heir ships" OCI-5 considers i ime!y ha he ind#sry
as )ho!e reassess he conro! dr#gs and a!coho! onboard ships*