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Culture Documents
Theophylline (aminophylline)
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b. Quinidine Sulfate
Albuterol Sulfate (Proventil)
Examples: Vasoconstrictors
a. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Urokinase (Abbokinase)
Alteplase (Activase)
DRUGS THAT AFFECT THE BLOOD Antiplatelet Drugs
Coagulants Examples:
a. Calcium Salts Aspirin
Given before surgery - Prevents platelet aggregation
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
b. Vitamin K Ticlodipine (ticlid)
Phytonadione (Mephyton) Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Phytonadione Cilostazol (Pletal)
(Aquamephyton) - Intermittent claudication
Examples:
Streptokinase (Streptase)
- Protein produces by the group C beta
hemolytic streptococci
- Promotes thrombolysis or dissolution of
blood clots
- Used to lyse coronary artery thrombi
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Mephalan (Alkeran)
Implementation:
Packet #2- ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
- Arrange blood test
- Ensure that patient is well hydrated
Types:
- Small frequent meals
a. Alkylating Agents
- Proper covering for alopecia
b. Antimetabolites
- Drugs that protect cells from these
c. Antineoplastic Antibiotics
drugs (Amifastine, Mesna)
d. Mitotic Inhibitors
e. Hormones and Hormone modulators
Antimetabolites
- Inhibit DNA production in cells that
Goal: Limit the offending cells enough so that
depend on certain natural metabolites
the immune system can control them without
to produce their DNA
causing too much toxicity to the host
- Affects rapidly multiplying cells
Indication: Leukemia, GI and basal cell
cancers
Alkylating Agents
Implementation:
Nonsulfonylureas
Contraindications/Cautions:
HYPOTHALAMIC RELEASING FACTORS - Contraindicated with any known allergy
to the drug or ingredients in the drug.
Drug Indications - Contraindicated in the presence of
closed epiphyses or with underlying
Generic (CRH) Diagnosis of Cushing’s cranial lesions.
Disease
Goserelin (Zoladex) Treatment of prostate Adverse Effects:
CA - The adverse effects that most often
Histrelin (Supprelin) Treatment of occur when using growth hormone
precocious puberty in include the development of antibodies
children to growth hormone and subsequent
Leuprolide (Lupron) Treatment of specific signs of inflammation and autoimmune-
CA, endometriosis, type reactions (more common in
precocious puberty somatrem).
Nafarelin (Synarel) Treatment of - Swelling and joint pain
endometriosis, - Endocrine reactions of hypothyroidism
precocious puberty and insulin resistance.
TRH (Protirelin) Diagnosis of thyroid Anterior pituitary hormones/Growth hormone
dysfunction; prevent drugs:
of respiratory distress Drug Indication
of prematurity
(orphan drug use) Chorionic Treatment of male
GHRH (Sermorelin) Diagnosis of gonadotropin (Chorex) hypogonadism,
hypothalamic or induction of ovulation,
pituitary dysfunction tx of prepubertal
in short children; cryptochirdism
evaluation of response Corticotrophin Diagnosis of adrenal
to surgery or (Acthar) function, treatment of
irradiation; ovulation various inflammatory
induction; AIDS- disorders
associated cachexia Cosyntropin Diagnosis of adrenal
(orphan drug use) (Cortrosyn) function
Menotropins Stimulation of
(Pergonal) ovulation and
ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES spermatogenesis
Somatropin Treatment of children
- Agents that affect pituitary function are (Nutropin, Saizen) with growth failure
used mainly to mimic or antagonize the Somatrem (Protropin) Treatment of children
effect if specific pituitary hormones. with growth failure
- They may be used either as Thyrotropin Diagnosis of thyroid
replacement therapy for conditions (Thyropar) function
resulting from a hypoactive pituitary or
for diagnostic purposes.
GROWTH HORMONE ANTAGONIST
GROWTH HORMONES
Drug Indication
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exams
Bromocriptine Treatment of
(Parlodel) acromegaly in patients Contraindications/Cautions
who are not - Contraindicated with any known allergy
candidates for or who to the drug or its components or with
cannot tolerate other severe renal dysfunction.
therapy. - Use cautiously in patients with any
Octreotide Treatment of known vascular disease; epilepsy;
(Sandostatin) acromegaly in patients asthma; and pregnancy or lactation
who are not
candidates for or Adverse effects
cannot tolerate - Water intoxication related to shift of
therapy water retention; tremor, sweating,
vertigo and headache.
Contraindications/Cautions:
- Contraindicated in the presence of any
known allergy to the drug. PACKET 5: ADRENOCORTICAL AGENTS
- Use cautiously in the presence of any
other endocrine disorder and Drug Indication
pregnancy or lactation.
Beclomethasone Blocking inflammation
Adverse effects: (Beclovent) in the respiratory tract
Octeotide Betamethasone Management of
- Effects on the GI tract. Constipation, (Celestone) allergic intra-articular,
diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea are not topical and
common. inflammatory
- Development of acute cholecystitis, disorders
cholestatic jaundice, billiary tract Budenoside Relief of symptoms of
obstruction, and pancreatitis. (Rhinocort) seasonal and allergic
Bromocriptine rhinitis
- Postural hypotension Cortisone (Cortisone Replacement therapy
Acetate) in adrenal
insufficiency;
POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES treatment of allergic
and inflammatory
Drug Indications disorders
Dexamethasone Management of
Desmopressin Diabetes insipidus, von (Decadron) allergic and
(DDAVP) Willebrand’s disease, inflammatory
hemophilia A, disorders, adrenal
treatment of nocturnal hypofunction
enuresis Flunisolide (Nasalide, Control of bronchial
Lypressin (Diapid) DI Aerobid) asthma; relief of
Vasopressin DI, prevention of post- symptoms of seasonal
(Pitressin) operative abdominal and allergic rhinitis
distension, to dispel Hydrocortisone Replacement therapy,
gas for abdominal (Cortef) treatment of allergic
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Adverse Effects
Contraindication/Caution - Associated with the use of
- Contraindicated in the presence of any mineralocorticoids are related to the
known allergy to any steroid increased fluid volume seen with
preparation; in the presence of acute sodium and water retention.
infection and lactation.
- Use cautiously in patients with
diabetes; acute peptic ulcer; other
endocrine disorders; and pregnancy
Adverse effects
- Adverse effects associated with the PACKET 6: THYROID AND PARATHYROID
glucocorticoids are related to the route AGENTS
administration that is used.
- Children at risk for growth retardation Thyroid Hormones
associated with suppression of the
hypothalamic-pituitary system. Drug Indication
Thiomides: Biphosphonates
Bisphophanates C/I:
- Used sparingly because of the potential
C/I: undesirable systemic effects of
- Drugs should not be used in the parasympathetic stimulation.
presence of hypocalcemia, which could - Contraindicated in the presence of any
be made worse by lowering calcium condition that would be exacerbated by
levels. parasympathetic effects.
A/E: A/E:
- Headache, nausea, and diarrhea - N/V, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea,
increased salivation, involuntary
defecation, bradycardia, heart block,
and even cardiac arrest.
Calcitonins
INDIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS
C/I: DRUG INDICATION
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C/I:
- When these drugs are used to treat life-
threatening arrhythmias for which no
other drug has been effective, there are
no contraindications.
A/E:
- N/V, dizziness, CHF, hypotension and GI
distress and arrhythmia.
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Modafinil (ProVigil)
Pemoline (Cylert)
Antianxiety drugs (Anxiolytics)
CNS Stimulants
Examples:
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)