Laakshmana Sabari C

Kalki Communication Technologies Ltd, Bangalore

www.kalkitech.com
Revenue maximization model for
Generating Station under ABT Regime
Paper ID No: 35
Session: 6b - Establishing a Modern Grid System
Date: Friday 20 April 2012
Regulatory Framework
IEGC/ CERC/ SERC/ BEE
Capability Declaration: Mis-declaration penalty
Scheduling: Ramp rate and Technical Minimum; Merit Order
Generation: 105%, 120%, 101%, Ramp Rate and Technical
Minimum, Auxiliary Consumption
Energy Accounting: Active Energy, Reactive Energy,
Availability, PLF, Unscheduled Interchange (UI)
3
Integration of multiple regulations
into a comprehensive regulation if
not by the regulatory commission,
Utilities will ask for software solution
for such a virtual regulation
Future Expectations in
regulatory framework and Industry
4
Example: Generation
Energy Scheduling and Accounting
Scheduling: Capability
Declaration & Entitlement
Scheduling: Requirement
Notification
Scheduling:
Schedules Notification
Negative UI
Positive UI
Energy Accounting:
UI Impact on Generation Plant
Revenue Maximization
Scope for Revenue
Decision Points
Solution Architecture
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Scheduling Mechanism
(Declaration of Generation Capability)
Fuel Availability
Fuel GCV forecast
Unit Constraints
Equipment Constraint
Planned Outage
Forced Outage Status
Computation
&
Declaration
of Total
Capability
Total
Capability
Existing PPA, OA &
PX Commitments
Plant
Performanc
e
Monitoring
DCS/ SCADA
Plant Data
(Raw)
Legend: PPA Power Purchase Agreement,
OA- Open Access, PX Power Exchange
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ABT Scheduling Mechanism :
Merit Order Dispatch
Day of Operation - Very Short Term
(Within next one hour or within current Block)
Cost of Generation
Total Injection
Schedule
Gaming Constraints
UI Rate
corresponding to
Approaching
frequency
Transmission Loss
between
Generation and
Injection Points
Asking rate
of
Generatio
n (Plant)
Asking rate
of
Generation
(Unit)
Comput
ation
5
th
Minute & 10
th
Minute
within Block
Merit
Order
Dispatch
DCS/ SCADA
Plant Data (Raw)
Plant Performance Monitoring
Unit Constraints
Equipment
Constraint
Planned Outage
Forced Outage
Status
IT Application Architecture
Data
Acquisition
Dispatch
Optimization
Market Price
Forecasting/
Estimation
ETL (Extract
Transform
Load)
Meter Head
End
System/
Meter
Plant DCS
Data Base with
VEE(Validation,
Estimation,
Editing), Storage
and Archival
Energy
Accounting
Optimal
Bidding
Plant
Performance
Calculations
ABT UI
Management
Economic
Dispatch
OA System
Reporting Monitoring
Sample Calculation
Block
No
Time
Slot
Schedule
Declared
by
Generator
for Unit 1
Schedule
Declared by
Generator
for Unit 2
Total
Schedule
Declared
by
Generator
in MW
Schedul
e Given
by LDC
in MW
kWh as
per
schedule
given by
LDC
80
20.00
- 20.15
hrs 500 500 1000 800 200000
At 0
th
Min 49.74 66666.67
0 to 5
th
Min 66666.67
At 5
th
Min 49.72 66666.67
5 to 10
th
Min 66666.67
At 10
th
Min 49.8 66666.67
10 to 15
th
Min 66666.67
Total in block 200000
105% limit
on declared
capability
120% limit
on Schedule
given by
LDC
Least of
105% limit
and 120%
limit
Excess
Injection
Possible
Diminishing
balance of
101% limit for
the day,
Least of
excess
injection
possible and
101% limit
Asking Rate
of
Generation
in kWh
262500 240000 240000 40000 10000 10000 210000
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 10000 10000 76666.67
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 10000 10000 76666.67
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 10000 10000 76666.67
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 10000 10000 76666.67
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 10000 10000 76666.67
87500 80000 80000 13333.33 0 0 66666.67
262500 240000 240000 40000 20000 20000 220000
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Asking Rate of
Generation in
MW without
considering
Ramp Rate
Last Rate
of
Generatio
n
Rate of Generation
possible in MW in next
5 minutes considering
Ramp Rate and cost of
generation
Asking Rate of
Generation in MW
in next 5 minutes
considering Ramp
Rate
Asking Rate of
Generation in
kWh in next 5
minutes
considering Ramp
Rate
840
920 800 800 800 66666.67
920 800
920 800 926.98 920 76666.67
920 920
920 920 686.62 750 62500
800 750
205833.33
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Asking Rate of Generation for
Unit 1 based on economic
Dispatch
Asking Rate of Generation for
Unit 2 based on economic
Dispatch
Saving due to economic
dispatch
500 300 2500
500 420 4500
375 375 1354.17
8354.17
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Generator Droop Setting 4%
Threshold Frequency Hz 49.74 Ramp Up Rate in % per minute 1
Cost of Generation for Plant in Paisa 390
Ramp Down Rate in % per
minute 1
Cost of Generation for Unit 1 in Paisa 370
Cost of Generation for Unit 2 in Paisa 400
Regulations Applied Clause No.
Notifications UI amendment
2010
5(1)-Para 3, 5, 6, 5(3),5(5), 8(2),8(3),8(3a),8(3b),
Sch(A)-1,2,3
Note 2: Constraints applied on current generation for calculating
"Asking Rate of Generation" are (clauses identied in (1) above),
(Ramp rate), (technical minimum) and (cost of generation or UI
rate corresponding to threshold frequency)
Note 1: Instead of threshold frequency, we shall use 'Approaching
Average frequency'. Approaching average frequency can be
calculated by cumulating instantaneous frequency or one minute
frequency (based on type of measurement in ABT meter).
Approaching average frequency is calculated at Zeroth, fifth, tenth
and 15th minute.
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Sample Dash Board
Conclusion
By closely monitoring plant performance and
declaring the capability accordingly, will avoid
mis-declaration and reduce auxiliary
consumption
Applying UI gaming constraints and cost of
generation to compute asking rate of
generation will improve positive UI
Applying economic dispatch algorithm to
asking rate of generation will reduce cost of
generation for the plant
THANK YOU
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Web based solution
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ENGINEERING EDITOR
-
MODEL BUILDER
Model Builder
- Model builder is a graphical interface tool.
- Plant model created is generated as CIM file.
- Graphical interface consists of Tree, Property sheet, overview, palette, editor & URL.
- Tree window : displays all the plant equipments diagram.
- Property sheet window : displays the properties of the selected equipment or symbols.
- Overview window : displays the overview of the model created.
- Palette window : displays the available thermal plant equipments symbols & my links.
- WYSIWYG
- Model Meta Data
- Captures Domain Information
- Import/ Export sharing with other applications
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PALETTE
PROPERTIE
S
TREE
EDITING
AREA
Model Builder
ENGINEERING EDITOR
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COMPANY
GENERATING PLANT
GENERATING UNIT
CREATING A PLANT MODEL
Model Builder-
ENGINEERING EDITOR
SELECT RESOURCES
User can select the resources whose value to be monitored and processed.
The three resources are New Resources, Updated Resources and
Deleted Resources.
New Resources: User can load the model.
Updated Resources: If any changes are made in the model, the resources
will appear in the Updated Resources.
Deleted Resources: Saved resource if deleted will appear in deleted
resources.
User can select the resources whose value to be monitored and processed.
The three resources are New Resources, Updated Resources and
Deleted Resources.
New Resources: User can load the model.
Updated Resources: If any changes are made in the model, the resources
will appear in the Updated Resources.
Deleted Resources: Saved resource if deleted will appear in deleted
resources.
Select Resources
ENGINEERING EDITOR
- Hierarchical representation of the plant model.
MODEL VIEW
MODEL
EXPLORER
- Hierarchical representation of the objects in the
system.
- User can search any resource.
ENGINEERING EDITOR
RULE & WORK
FLOW ENGINE
RUNTIME SERVER
RUNTIME SERVER
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HMI BUILDER
DECISION PORTAL
38
IN
TERFACE ADAPTER
Communication using OPC DA2.0 definitions. OPC unified
Architecture TCP/IP & web service profile
Mapping of RTO resource attributes with OPC tags
Configuring & mapping of Model updates & Subscriptions
Real-time data updates
Historic data access, General events
OPC tags can be configured manually or can be imported from an
excel sheet
Communication using OPC DA2.0 definitions. OPC unified
Architecture TCP/IP & web service profile
Mapping of RTO resource attributes with OPC tags
Configuring & mapping of Model updates & Subscriptions
Real-time data updates
Historic data access, General events
OPC tags can be configured manually or can be imported from an
excel sheet
INTERFACE ADAPTER
DECISION PORTAL
39