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MB0050 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

How would you distinguish between a management decision problem and a management research
problem? Do all decision problems require research? Explain and illustrate with examples.
Differences
Explanation
Examples
ANS.

Differences:
DECISION PROBLEM RESEARCH PROBLEM
What should be done to increase the consumers of
organic food products in the domestic market?
What is the awareness and purchase intention of
health conscious consumers for organic food
products?
How to reduce turnover rates in the
BPO sector?
What is the impact of shift duties on work
exhaustion and turnover intentions of the BPO
employees?

Q.NO.2.

How are research designs classified? What are the distinguishing features of each? Differentiate by
giving appropriate examples.
Meaning of Research designs
Classification and features
Differences
Examples
ANS.

Meaning of Research designs

Once you have established the what of the study, i.e., the research problem, the next step is the how
of the study, which specifies the method of achieving the research objectives. In other words, this is the
research design.

Classification and features

Q.NO.3

Discuss with the help of examples the four key levels of measurement. What mathematical
operations/statistical techniques are and are not permissible on data from each type of scale?

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Meaning of Measurement scales
Types of Measurement scales with examples
Mathematical operations/statistical techniques

ANS.

a. Meaning of Measurement scales and types of Measurement scales with examples

The term measurement means assigning numbers or some other symbols to the characteristics of
certain objects. When numbers are used, the researcher must have a rule for assigning a number to an
observation in a way that provides an accurate description. We do not measure the object but some
characteristics of it.

Types:

Q.NO.4.

Processing of data involves editing, coding, classifying and tabulating. Explain each of these steps by
taking an appropriate example.
Explanation
Examples
ANS.

Data Editing

Data editing is the process that involves detecting and correcting errors (logical inconsistencies) in data.
After collection, the data is subjected to processing. Processing requires that the researcher must go
over all the raw data forms and check them for errors.

The significance of validation becomes more important in the following cases:
Q.NO.5.

Distinguish between the following:
a. Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis
b. One tailed and two tailed tests
c. Type I and Type II error
d. One way and two way analysis of variance
e. Descriptive and inferential analysis of data

ANS.

a. Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis


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Null hypothesis: The hypotheses that are proposed with the intent of receiving a rejection for them are
called null hypotheses. This requires that we hypothesize the opposite of what is desired to be proved A
null hypothesis is denoted by H0.

Q.NO.6.

a. What is Chi-square test of goodness of fit? What precautions are necessary while applying this test?
Point out its role in business decision making.
b. Two research workers classified some people in income groups on the basis of sampling studies.
Their results are as follow:

Investigators Income groups Total
Poor Middle Rich
A 160 30 10 200
B 140 120 40 300
Total 300 150 50 500
Show that the sampling technique of atleast one research worker is defective.

ANS.

Meaning

A goodness of fit test is a statistical test of how well the observed data supports the assumption about
the distribution of a population. The test also examines that how well an assumed distribution fits the
data. Many a times, the researcher assumes that the sample is drawn from a normal or any other
distribution of interest. A test of how normal or any other distribution fits a given data may be of some
interest.

Precautions


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MB0051-Legal Aspects of Business
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

Explain the performance of contracts
Definition
Offer of performance
Onus of performance
ANS.

Definition

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Sections 37-67 of the Contracts Act deal with the performance of a contract. A contract creates
obligations. Performance of a contract takes effect when the parties to the contract fulfill their
obligations within the time and manner specified under the contract.

Q.NO.2.

Elaborate the rights of surety.
Rights against the creditor
Rights against the principal debtor
Rights against co-sureties
ANS.

Rights against the creditor

In case of fidelity guarantee, the surety can direct a creditor to dismiss the employee whose
honesty he/she has guaranteed, in the event of proven dishonesty of the employee. The
creditors failure to do so will exonerate the surety from his/her liability.

Rights against the principal debtor

Q.NO.3

Discuss the termination of bailment.
Explanation

ANS.

The temporary placement of control over, or possession of Personal Property by one person,
the bailor, into the hands of another, the bailee, for a designated purpose upon which the parties
have agreed.The term bailment is derived from the French bailor, "to deliver." It is generally
considered to be a contractual relationship since the bailor and bailee, either expressly or
impliedly, bind themselves to act according to particular terms.

Q.NO.4.

Explain the performance of a contract of sale of goods.
Explanation

ANS.

Explanation

The contract of sale of goods is to be performed. In this context, Sections 31-44 provide for
duties of the seller and the buyer and the rules regarding delivery of goods.

Duties of the seller and the buyer

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Q.NO.5.

Discuss the law related to the prohibition of anti-competitive agreements.
Explanation

ANS.

Explanation

The Competition Act of 2002 was passed for the following objectives:

Prevention of practices that result in adverse effects on healthy competition
Promotion and sustaining of healthy competition
Q.NO.6.

Explain the need and types of meetings.
Need for meeting
Statutory meetings
Annual General Meetings
Extraordinary meetings
Class meetings

ANS.

Need for meeting

A company is an artificial person and therefore, must act through some human intermediary.
The various provisions of law empower shareholders to do certain things. They are specifically
reserved for them to be done in companys general meetings. Section 291 empowers the Board
of Directors to manage the affairs of the company. In this context, meetings of shareholders and
directors become necessary.

Statutory meetings


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MK0010- Sales, Distribution and Supply Chain Management
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

Describe the supply chain Benchmarking Procedure.
Definition of Benchmarking.

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Procedure for supply chain benchmarking
ANS.

Definition of Benchmarking.

Benchmarking activities include the development and maintaining of a database for information
related to purchasing, leadtime, make-or-buy procedures, supplier-customer relationship and
supplier selection. Some of the key areas in SCM benchmarking practices are total performance
measurement, integrated supply chain management and information systems/technology
(Reutterer and Kotzab, 2000).

Procedure for supply chain benchmarking

Q.NO.2.

Explain recent trends in the area of sales management under International sales management.
Definition of sales management
Explanation of trends
ANS.

Definition of sales management

A sales team is the voice of any company. A sales person is responsible for prospecting, selling
and managing the existing customers. Having good sales management is one of the simplest
ways to increase the revenue and profitability of your company. The sales team can make or
break your marketing efforts.

Explanation of trends

Q.NO.3


Briefly discuss about the nature and responsibilities of a Sales manager.
Goal setting
Planning and budgeting
Organizing and implementing
Controlling and evaluating
ANS.

Goal setting

The critical role played by the sales manager is because of the proximity and interface of his
sales force with the customer. This enables:


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(i) A first-hand understanding of customer needs to be provided as a feedback to the
organization

Q.NO.4.

Explain the SCOR model with a diagrammatic representation.
SCOR model
Focusing Aspects with diagram
ANS.

The SCOR model is used to understand simple or complex supply chains through a common set
of terms. Consequently, different industries can be related to each other to interpret any supply
chain. SCOR is based on five unique management methods. These are: Plan, Source, Make,
Deliver and Return.

Q.NO.5.

When one member of distribution channel tries to maximize its profits at the expense of rest of the
members, it will create conflicts, resulting in the decline of profits. To avoid these conflicts, now retail
firms have started forming vertical Marketing systems (VMS). Explain the three types of VMS through
which goods and services are usually distributed to customers.
Definition of VMS
Three types of VMS
ANS.

Definition of VMS

A Vertical Marketing System (VMS) is a system in which almost all the members of distribution
channel such as manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers work together to satisfy human needs
and wants by facilitating the smooth flow of goods and services from manufacturer to the
ultimate consumer.

Three types of VMS

Q.NO.6.

An organization needs to be extremely cautious in making investments in various
types of inventories. The extent of control required to be maintained on all items is
not the same. Explain some important tools of Inventory management like ABC
analysis, Just-In-Time & Economic order quantity model.
Definition of Inventory and Inventory Management
ABC analysis, Just-In-Time &Economic Order Quantity Model




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ANS.

Definition of Inventory and Inventory Management

The term inventory means any stock of direct or indirect material (raw materials or finished
items or both) stocked in order to meet the expected and the unexpected demands in the future.
A basic purpose of inventory management is to control inventory by managing the flows of
materials. It sets strategies and rules to examine levels of inventory and determine what levels
should be maintained, when stocks should be refilled, and how big the orders should be.

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MK0011-Consumer Behaviour
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

Selecting the right segmentation variable is critical. Explain with the help of an example each for
three types of segmentation.
Explanation of three types
Examples
ANS.

Explanation of three types

Selecting the right segmentation variable is critical. For example, small car producers might
segment the market on the basis of income, but they probably would not segment it on the basis
of political beliefs or religion because they do not normally influence consumers automobile
needs. Segmentation variables must also be measurable to segment the market accurately.

Q.NO.2.

Explain the concept of defense mechanism in detail.
Explanation
Forms of frustration
ANS.

Explanation

Failure to achieve a goal often gives rise to a feeling of frustration. Probably, there is nobody
who has not experienced frustration that comes from the inability to achieve some goal.
Individuals react differently to frustration.Some more common forms of individual reaction to
frustration can be of the following type:



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Q.NO.3

Discuss Trait theory and its relevance in consumer behaviour.
Explanation of trait Theory
Types of personality traits
ANS.

Explanation of trait Theory
The Trait Theory states that human personality is composed of a set of traits that describe
general response patterns.. Its orientation, unlike previously discussed theories, is quantitative
or empirical. It centres on gauging of personality in terms of psychological characteristics, called
traits. JP Guilford describes a trait as any distinguishing and relatively enduring way in which
one individual differs from another. The concept can be summed up in three assumptions:
1. Behavioural tendencies in individuals are relatively stable.

Q.NO.4.

A number of factors influence individuals that may distort their perceptions. Is it true? Comment.
Explanation of factors that distort individual perception

ANS.

Explanation of factors that distort individual perception

Physical appearances People may or may not consciously recognise that they tend to
attribute the qualities, which in their opinion are associated with certain individuals, to others
who may resemble those persons. According to Kathleen Debevec and Jerome B Kernan,
research indicates that attractive men are perceived as more successful in business than
average-looking men.

Q.NO.5.

Explain the different components of learning.
Explanation

ANS.
Explanation

Components of Learning
Four components are fundamental to most learning situations.

Motivation Motivation is the driving force that impels individuals to action and is based on
needs and goals.

Q.NO.6.

Write short notes on:
a) The Adoption Process

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b) Post-Purchase Behaviour of a consumer

ANS.

a) The Adoption Process

The adoption of an innovation requires that an individual or a group of consumers decide on
buying a new product. The process of diffusion starts when early adopters influence their
reference group members and other acquaintances to purchase the product. Therefore, it is
reasonable to view adoption as the first step in the diffusion process.

MK0012- Retail Marketing
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

Define Private Branding. Explain the growth drivers of private label in detail
Explanation of Private Branding
Growth drivers of private label
ANS.

Explanation of Private Branding

In the previous unit, we have discussed about the merchandising and the steps involved in
retail merchandising process. To merchandise the products, retailers create their own labels
and capitalise on the store brand value that they have created through unique service and
enhanced customer care.
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Q.NO.2.

Describe the Retail Buying Process in brief.
Definition of retailing
Explanation of retail buying process
ANS.

Definition of retailing

Retailing is one of the key elements of a marketing and distribution strategy; it ensures that a
product reaches the consumers. The word retailing originated from the French word retailer
which means to cut or break into pieces. In other words, retailing is the process of buying goods
or products in bulk, breaking down the bulk and selling them in smaller quantities to customers
or end users.

Explanation of retail buying process


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Q.NO.3

Explain the Retail Merchandising Management (RMM) in brief.
Definition of Retail Merchandising
Steps involved in RMM
ANS.

Definition of Retail Merchandising

Retail Merchandising Management Process (RMM Process)
Retail merchandising refers to the process used to conduct retail sales. As part of the process,
the merchandiser pays close attention to the different types of products offered for sale, how to
present those products to consumers in a best way, and determine a reasonable retail price for
each unit sold.

Steps involved in RMM

Q.NO.4.

Define e-tailing. Explain the future of electronic retailing.
Definition of e-tailing
Future of e-tailing
ANS.

Definition of e-tailing

E-tailing
Electronic retailing, also known as e-tailing, deals with selling products and services online via
the Worldwide Web. Internet retailing or e-tailing, as it is usually referred to, covers retailing
using a variety of different technologies or media. It may be broadly a combination of two
elements. One is combining new technologies with elements of traditional stores and direct mail
models and the second is using new technologies to replace elements of store or direct mail
retail.
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Q.NO.5.

Price is a highly sensitive and visible part of retail marketing mix. Retailers overall profitability
depends on Pricing. It plays an important role in strategic decision making process. Explain various
pricing strategies are adapted by the retailer according to the situation.
Explanation of pricing in Retail
Retail Pricing strategies
ANS.


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Explanation of pricing in Retail

Pricing Strategies
Price is a highly sensitive and visible part of retail marketing mix and has a bearing on the
retailers overall profitability. Further, pricing itself is an essential part of marketing mix and has
its own place in the strategic decision-making process.

Retail Pricing Strategies

Q.NO.6.

Describe any three Rural retail strategies in brief.
Definition of Rural retail
Any three Rural retail strategies

ANS.

Definition of Rural retail

Technology plays an important role in retailing by providing competitive edge to the company.
E-tailing is a technology which is used as competitive strategy and discussed in detail in the
previous chapter. In this chapter, we will be discussing about the opportunity of retailing in the
rural market. Rural retailing is the fast growing aspect of retail since retailers can feel
comfortable in finding suppliers and they also act as buyers.

Any three Rural retail strategies

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MK0013-Marketing Research
DRIVE: SUMMER 2014
MBA (SEM 3)

Q.NO.1.

Describe the components of research proposal.
Explanation
ANS.

Explanation

Research proposal is a document. Through this document, the decision maker and researcher
enter into a contract. This document prepared by the researcher, explains the activities to be
undertaken, to get the needed information. It also informs the decision maker, the time taken to
complete the investigation and also the cost to be incurred.

Q.NO.2.

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There are certain advantages and drawbacks of secondary data. Elaborate.
Explanation of advantages of secondary data
Explanation of drawbacks of secondary data
ANS.

Explanation of advantages of secondary data

Secondary data can play a substantial role in the exploratory phase of research, when the task
at hand is to define the research problem and to generate hypotheses.It is sometimes cheaper
to collect secondary data than to obtain primary data. For instance if a government department
has conducted a survey of family food expenditures, then a food manufacturer might use this
data in the organisation's evaluations of the total potential market for a new product.

Q.NO.3

The questionnaire format changes depending upon the amount of structure and disguise required
during data collection. Comment
Explanation of questionnaire format
Explanation of question composition
ANS.

Explanation of questionnaire format

Structured, disguised questionnaire: In this type of questionnaire, the questions are listed
in a pre-arranged order. The respondents are not told about the purpose of collecting
information.

Q.NO.4.

Explain non comparative scales and its types
Explanation of the meaning
Explanation of types

ANS.

Explanation of the meaning

Non-comparative scaling is referred as monadic scaling i.e. only one object is evaluated at a
time and no comparison is made with another object. This is the more widely used type of scale
in commercial marketing research studies. Non-comparative scaling techniques involve
continuous as well as itemised rating scales.

Explanation of types

Q.NO.5.

Explain the process of data preparation in detail.


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ANS.

Explanation

Data collection term is very important in the whole marketing research process. The data which
fieldworkers collect is known as raw data which further needs to be organised and systematised
in a proper way. Raw data may be inaccurate, incomplete, and crude and scattered in various
formats of data collection. The researcher must keep in mind various measures like editing,
coding, classification and tabulating to organise the data in a proper order to analyse it further.

Q.NO.6.

Write short notes on:
a) Copy testing
b) Sales Analysis

ANS.

a) Copy testing

You will find that the usage of copy testing is to make sure that the advertising is well
recognised and that no shockers will occur after releasing the ads. Copy testing decreases the
chances of risk on brand or company image by an ineffective advertisement.

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