Govt.

Engineering College Barton Hill Thiruvananthapuram

Exp No. 6
Date:
MORSE TEST ON MULTI CYLINDER (MPFI) PETROL ENGINE

Aim:
To conduct Morse test on the four stroke multicylinder MPFI petrol engine and hence
determine the frictional power of the engine

Specifications:


Theory:

Morse Test is used in multi cylinder engines to measure I.P without the use of indicator. The BP of the engine
is measured by cutting of each cylinder in turn. If the engine consists of 4 cylinders, then the BP of the engine
should be measured by cutting the cylinders one by one. This is applicable to petrol as well as diesel engines.
The cylinder of the petrol engine is made inoperative (cut out) by shorting the spark plug where as in case of
diesel engine, fuel supply is cut off to the required cylinder.
If there are 'n' cylinders in an engine and all are working, then
(BP)
n
= (IP)
n
- (FP)
n
----------------------- (1)

Where FP is the frictional power per cylinder.
If one cylinder is inoperative then the power developed by that cylinder (IHP) is lost and the speed of the engine
will fall as the load on the engine remains the same. The engine speed can be resorted to it's original value by
reducing the load on the engine. This is necessary to maintain the FP constant, because it is assumed that the FP
is independent of load and depends only on the speed of the engine.
When one cylinder is cut off,
(BP)
n-1
= (IP)
n-1
- (FP)
n-1
----------------------- (2)
From eqns. (1) & (2)

(BP)
n
(BP)
n-1
= (IP)
n
- (IP)
n-1
= IP----------------------- (3)

The difference between the measured BP with 'n' and '(n-1)' cylinders working gives the IP of the cylinder
which is made inoperative (cut out). Similarly IP of all cylinders can be measured one by one and sum of IP's of
all cylinders is the total IP of the engine.
The BP of the engine by making each cylinder inoperative can be measured by any type of
dynamometer.

PRECAUTIONS
1. Fuel and lubricating oil are checked and if needed they are to be supplied.
2. Cooling water inlet and outlet for engine jacket and brake drum should be opened.
3. Engine should be started and stopped with no load.
Procedure:
The maximum load that can be applied to the engine is calculated. The engine is started by starter switch after
taking necessary precautions Allow the engine to run for 5 minutes to get get heated up. Set a particular value of
load and adjust speed to the rated speed by adjusting the throttle (accelerator knob). Record the load and then cut-
off the spark plug of the cylinder- 1, so that no power is developed by that cylinder. The speed of the engine is
then reduced. Bring back the engine speed to the rated (initial) speed by reducing the load in the dynamometer.
Note down the load from the dynamometer. Repeat the same for the other cylinders one by one.

Result:
The Indicated Power of the engine is determined by Morse test and hence the frictional power of the given
MPFI engine is calculated as kW.

INFERENCE





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TABULAR COLUMN

Srl. No Working/ FIRING
cylinders
Load
(kg)
BP
(kw)
IP
(kW)
1

2

3

4

5
1 2 3 4

- 2 3 4

1 - 3 4

1 2 - 4

1 2 3 -
IP


IP of the engine, IP =


CALCULATIONS
Naximum Loau:
B. P =
2nNI
6u

Torque, T
I = w g R

Hoximum looJ = (w) kg
Where
N = Speed of the engine in rpm,
W = Hydraulic Dynamometer reading
S = spring balance reading (kg)
R = Arm length of hydraulic dynamometer = 320 mm

Now,
BP
1 =
BP
2 =
BP
3 =
BP
4 =

IP
1
= BP - BP
1
IP
2
= BP BP
2
IP
3
= BP BP
3
IP
4
= BP BP
4

Indicated Power of the engine is IP = IP
1
+ IP
2
+ IP
3
+ IP
4


Frictional Power of the Engine is,

F.P = IP
1
+ IP
2
+ IP
3
+ IP
4
- BP
= -------------