Well, the DTS-Si or the Digital Twin Spark-Swirl Induction is a technology where dual

spark plugs are used and that it is known to give great mileage to the bikes and this is main
purpose why the major bike manufacturers use the technology in their bikes. The DTS-Si
technology will likely give unbelievable fuel efficiency provided the bike runs in standard
test conditions.
Generally, the 100cc motorbikes do not offer such a mileage but the DTS-Si
technology powered bikes give a greater mileage, which is the biggest advantage for the
bikes. As the technology uses 2 spark plugs to initiate the combustion of air-fuel mixture, it
leaves little unburnt fuel within the engine.
Why is the DTS-Si technology better than the conventional single spark plug equipped
engine?
Apart from giving an amazing mileage to the bike, the engine enabled with DTS-Si
technology does not compromise on technology. In a traditional single spark plug oriented
the combustion process is very slow. This is because the spark plug is located at one end of
the combustion chamber, which sparks the air-fuel mixture and the flame inflates like a
balloon that takes some time to reach the remote corner of the combustion chamber that
delays the combustion process. Whereas, in the DTS-Si technology equipped engine the
cylinder head is fitted with two spark plugs at two of corners of the combustion chamber,
which ensures that the sparks emit from two ends of the chamber and the air fuel mixture
ignites to produce two flame fronts thus, the process of combustion is faster and also the
pressure rises at a good pace. This technology in the engine promotes greater torque, fuel-
efficiency and low emission.
What do the motorcycle makers have to say on the DTS-Si?
Hero Honda and Bajaj have had two different opinions regarding the performance of 100cc
bikes performance in the market. Bajaj was of the belief that the demand for 100cc bikes
was fast declining and with time the segment will not have many buyers. And Bajaj quickly
testified their belief with the R&D team came up with the DTS-Si technology that ensured
fast rate combustion and pressure rise. But TVS Motors claimed that the same could be
achieved in a single spark too by inserting differential sparking cycles. There are other
engine makers besides TVS who do argue that a good combustion chamber design will not
have poor combustion issues, and that should a DTSSi technology improve fuel
efficiency, then the combustion chamber design must be bad.
This could be individual opinions but we are seeing the Bajaj bikes; the 150cc and the 220cc
ones featuring the DTS-Si technology for good. They have patents for these bikes in
various countries. And it cannot be debated that Bajaj bikes with the technology sell like
hell; a great marketing tactic and definitely an add on the consumers benefited.

Conventional 4 stroke Engine-

1. intake/induction stroke
2. compression stroke
3. power stroke
4. exhaust stroke
The cycle begins when the piston is furthest away from the crankshaft. On the first stroke
(intake/induction) of the piston, as the piston descends it reduces the pressure in the cylinder,
a mixture of fuel and air is forced, by at least atmospheric pressure, into the cylinder through
the intake port. The intake valve then closes and the following stroke (compression)
compresses the fuel-air mixture.
The air-fuel mixture is then ignited, by a spark plug, at approximately the top of the
compression stroke. The resulting expansion of burning gases pushes the piston downward for
the third stroke (power) and in the fourth stroke (exhaust) the piston pushes the products of
combustion from the cylinder through an exhaust valve or valves.
DTS-i Engine -
DTS-i stands for Digital Twin Spark Ignition, a Bajaj Patented Technology. DIGITAL TWIN
SPARK ignition engine has two Spark plugs located at opposite ends of the combustion chamber
and hence fast and efficient combustion is obtained. The benefits of this efficient combustion
process can be felt in terms of better fuel efficiency and lower emissions.

DTS-i Engine can be further tuned to deliver exhilarating performance as in DTS-FI or
exceptional mileage like in DTS-SI as claimed by Bajaj. The use of twin spark plugs has been
around for decades mostly in the engine of Alfa Romeo, Honda and on large capacity Ducati
engine etc. Bajaj however have patented the technology for small capacity engines.
DTS-Si Engine -
DTS-Si stands for Digital Twin Spark Swirl Induction, a Bajaj Patented Technology. Like DTS-i
the engine has 2 spark plugs, but, instead of conventionally positioned straight ports, the offset
positioning of the ports generate high swirl and turbulence of the air fuel mixture in the
combustion chamber. This results in highly efficient combustion that further results in
exceptional mileage. Like the mother DTS-i technology, the DTS-Si technology is a patented
technology developed by Bajaj Auto R&D. This technology is used by Bajaj in its recently
launched 125 cc Bajaj XCD.

Recently, Bajaj Auto was in the news for accusing TVS Motors, long-standing rivals of patent
infringement on the DTS-i technology. TVS countered by threatening to sue Bajaj Auto for libel.
DTS-Fi Engine-
DTS-Fi stands for Digital Twin Spark Fuel Injection, a Bajaj Patented Technology. In fuel
injection the conventional carburettor has been replaced by injector which injects fuel in to the
engine in a spray form based on the instructions of the Engine Control Unit (ECU) which is a
part of the Engine Management System EMS. The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is
microprocessor based and is the brain of the fuel injection system. It processes information
sent by various sensors and instantly determines optimum fuelling and spark timing for various
engine operating conditions. The ECU contains detailed information of the engines
characteristics from which it picks the necessary data for commanding both fuelling & spark
timing.

This technology comes in Pulsar 220cc version.
The main advantages of Fuel Injection are:
a. Increased power output for same cc.
b. Better low end torque. c. Lower fuel delivery & optimisation of spark timing.
d. Improved cold start, quick warm-up and excellent response to sudden acceleration.
e. Lower emission levels.
f. Self-detection and communication of fuel system malfunctioning if any.
DTS-i Triple Spark Engine-
Here DTS-i Stands for Digital Triple Spark Ignition. Three spark plugs provide unprecedented
performance and efficiency Fast and optimal combustion at part load conditions results in
better fuel efficiency and ensures lower emissions.

The high performance triple spark engine controlled by an advanced Electronic Control Unit, is
the technology of the future. Combustion in a triple spark engine is 27% faster than a twin
spark and 50% faster than a single spark engine.
To make use of 3 spark plugs, the pulsar engine houses a pent roof combustion chamber which
in turn allows to house 3 spark plugs in the engine chamber. Out of the three plugs, the
primary plug is the center one and is mounted in an angle and enters the chamber at the top-
center. The other two secondary plugs are mounted below, each opposite each other and one of
them being vertically underneath the primary plug.
The secondary plugs fires a bit after the primary one has fired and the timings are controlled by
the ECU depending on various parameters like throttle position, engine revs,load on engine and
many other stuffs. According to Bajaj, these plugs gain a advantage in low-rev riding condition
where it extracts the best economy.Compared to KTM Duke 200 in similar conditions it gives as
much as 10-13kmpl more,however the difference vanishes at higher revs and high speed


DTS-i
What Is DTS-i......

Cut section view of a DTS-i engine
DTSi stands for Digital Twin Spark Ignition. Bajaj developed a few years ago and has incorporated in many of its
current engines, takes care of the slow rate of combustion in a simple but novel way. The cylinder head is
equipped with two spark plugs, instead of the usual one. By generating two sparks at either ends of the
combustion chamber, (approximately 90 to the valve axis) the air-fuel mixture gets ignited in a way that creates
two flame fronts and, therefore, a reduction in flame travel of the order of 40 per cent is achieved. A fast rate of
combustion is achieved leading to faster rise in pressure. The obvious outcome of this is more torque, better fuel
efficiency and lower emissions.

History:-

DTSi stands for Digital Twin Spark Ignition, a Bajaj Auto trademark. Bajaj Auto holds an Indian
patent for the DTSi technology. The Alfa Romeo Twin-Spark engines, the BMW F650 Funduro which was
sold in India from 1995 to 1997 also had a twin-spark plug technology, and the Rotax motorcycle
engines,more recently Honda's iDSI Vehicle engines use a similar arrangement of two spark-plugs.
However very few small capacity engines did eventually implement such a scheme in their production
prototypes.

I ntroduction:-

Currently one spark plug at one end of the combustion chamber is the conventional practice.
The flame front created by the spark takes some time to reach the farthest portion of the combustion
chamber. This leads to slower burning of the Air-fuel mixture and creates limitations in optimizing the
combustion chamber characteristics.
i.e. Slower combustion rate
Higher exhaust emission
Comparatively low mean effective pressure
High Knocking characteristics etc.
2 spark plugs at either ends of the combustion chamber help in faster and better combustion.
In this technology you will find two spark plugs to ignite the charge in the combustion chamber. Its only in
the petrol engine so far and this technology can find a way in disel engine also.
What does the Digital ,Twin ,Spark Ignition means
Digital - Since the spark generation will be initiated by a microchip.
Twin - Since two spark plugs will be used.
Spark ignition - Since the ignition will be done via a spark.


Constructional Detail:-
The construction of Dts-i engine is same as that of the conventional 4-Stroke
engine.
It consist of following parts Piston

Cylinder
Crankshaft
Connecting rod
Fly wheel
Carburator
2-sparkplug
2-ports
2-valvs

Here the only change made is that the 2 sparkplug placed at the two opposite end of the combustion
chamber At 90 degree to each othor.

Detonation in DTS-i engine....
In petrol engine major roblem is DETONATION. detonation accurs when the flame travell time
from center to the side walls increases the self ignition temp. time. It happens often in the engines
having single spark plug.

This is overcome by the DTSi by having 2 spark source on the opposite sides which reduces the flame travel as
stated above. Hence no detonation..

The technology:-
In a conventional single-spark-plug-equipped combustion chamber, and the rate of
combustion is relatively slow. The spark plug, usually situated at one end of the combustion
chamber, ignites the air-fuel mixture and the ensuing flame spreads like a slowly inflating
balloon. There is an inevitable delay for this inflating balloon to reach the furthest part of the
combustion chamber. So, there are pockets of poor combustion within the chamber and, overall,
the combustion is slow and inefficient.
The Digital Twin Sparkignition (DTS-i) technology that Bajaj developed a few years ago and has
incorporated in many of its current engines, takes care of the slow rate of combustion in a simple but
novel way. The cylinder head is equipped with two spark plugs, instead of the usual one. By generating
two sparks at either ends of the combustion chamber, (approximately 90 to the valve axis) the air-fuel
mixture gets ignited in a way that creates two flame fronts and, therefore, a reduction in flame travel of
the order of 40 per cent is achieved. A fast rate of combustion is achieved leading to faster rise in
pressure. The obvious outcome of this is more torque, better fuel efficiency and lower emissions.
While that sounds logical and simplistic, TVS Motor claims that the same effect is achieved by employing
a single spark plug with differential sparking cycles.
Working:-
The working of DTS-i engine is very similar to 4-stroke engine but here the only modification
done is we are using two spark plug at two ends of the combustion chamber. Which require less
time to reach the farthest position of the combustion chamber and optimize the combustion
chamber characteristics.
There are some advance technology used in DTS-i engine which makes it more powerful than
the conventional single sparkplug 4-stroke engine like 1.CDI technology 2.Tricks iii technology .
Ignition with a Digital C.D.I.
A Digital CDI with an 8 bit microprocessor chip handles the spark delivery. The programmed chips
memory contains an optimum Ignition timing for any given engine rpm, thereby obtaining the best
performance characteristics from the combustion chamber. Working together with the TRICSIII system,
it delivers Optimum Ignition Timing for varying load conditions.

TRICS III.
Throttle Responsive Ignition Control System IIIrd generation. It is a means of controlling the
Ignition by operating the Throttle. Depending on the needs of the Rider whether it be cruising,
acceleration or max speed, the ignition requirements constantly change. Based on a particular amount
of Throttle opening, the Magnetic field generated by the Magnet opens or closes the Reed switch. The
Reed switch is connected to the Digital CDI, which signals the CDI to change/switch, the desired Ignition
Advance Timing Maps. This helps in achieving a good balance between driveability and Optimum
Ignition Spark advance, resulting in an almost perfect Ignition Spark advance for every Throttle opening
and Engine rpm.

Advantage:-
Less vibrations and noise
Long life of the engine parts such as piston rings and valve stem.
Decrease in the specific fuel consumption
No over heating
Gradual increase in the pressure hence power is uniformly distributed throughout the crank
angle and hence smooth ride.

Disadvantage:-
There is high NOx emission
If one spark plug get damaged then we have to replace both
The cost is relatively more
You spend double the amount on spark plugs when it is time to replace them.
The engine tends to overheat and loose power at higher speeds as compared to a single plug
engine.

The engine wear and tear is somehow increased and hence these engines need frequent checkup and
overhaul to keep the performance level constant.