Advanced1 Workbook

S T D E N T
WORKBOOK
A D V A N C E D 1
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English Discoveries Online
Advanced 1
Student Workbook
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
All rights are reserved. No part of these materials may be reproduced,
photocopied, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means
without permission in writing from Edusoft Ltd.
Copyright 1990-2014 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Dear Student,
Welcome to the English Discoveries Student Workbook Advanced 1.
This workbook is especially for you! lt will help you use, practice , and progress in English.
Each unit of the workbook corresponds directly to a unit in the English Discoveries Advanced 1
course. You should use this workbook together with the course. For example, after you do the
listening component from the course, we recommend you do the listening section in the workbook.
Your workbook also contains copies of the Explor e texts from the English Discoveries course, so you
can refer to its content when you ar e away from the computer.
Each unit in the workbook has four sections: Listening, Reading, Speaking, and Grammar .
The Listening section will help you practice your listening skills. A variety of genres such as voice
mail messages, radio programs, and Tv video clips are included.
The Reading section will reinforce your understanding of different kinds of reading texts such as
postcards, ads, stories, and newspaper ar ticles.
The Speaking section will give you the oppor tunity to practice different speaking functions such as
ordering a meal in a restaurant, asking for directions, making suggestions, etc.
The Grammar section will help you practice the main points of the online unit within the context of
the unit theme. This way you will lear n to use grammar structures in real-life situations.
Special emphasis has been given throughout the workbook to speaking and writing activities and you
will see that you have a lot of oppor tunity to express yourself in both spoken and written English. You
will also practice developing reading strategies in the Additional Reading section.
We hope you enjoy using this program and wish you lots of luck!
The English DiscoveriesTeam
The English Discoveries Online Team
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CONTENTS
UNlT 1
Cultural Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
UNlT 2
Life ln The City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
UNlT 3
Dangerous Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
UNlT 4
Complaints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
UNlT 5
Business Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
UNlT 6
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
UNlT 7
Medical lssues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
UNlT 8
How Smart Are You? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
APPENDlX
Explore Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
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7
1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
OLTRAL DlFFERENOES
A D v A N O E D 1 N l T 1
ASTRALlAN OLTRE
a. Do you remember the v|deo about the Abor|g|ne creat|on story? Read the sentences
be|ow and dec|de |f they are true or fa|se. Use the Exp|ore text on page 100 to he|p
you.
1. The outback is in Souther n Australia. /
2. The outback makes up more than half of Australia. /
3. The outback is a silent and untouched ar ea. /
4. The Aborigine creation myth is complicated. /
5. A god created the Ancestors from clay. /
6. The Songlines" are trails of footprints and songs that wer e made during creation. /
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
b. What do the fo||ow|ng pronouns refer to? Use the Exp|ore text on page 100 to he|p you.
1. What does it" (it seems to lie) refer to?
2. What does its" (in the silence of its first creation) refer to?
3. What does it" (but I'll try to simplify it) refer to?
4. Who does they" (which they call Dreamtime) refer to?
5. Who does themselves" the (Ancestorsj created themselves from clay refer to?
6. Who does they" (They walked aboutj refer to?
c. F|nd a phrase |n the text that means:
1. The countryside is not developed.
2. The outback is the same as it was millions of years ago.
3. The creation myth needs to be made easier to understand.
4. Paths were created by the Ancestors.
5. These paths have a lot of meaning for the Aborigines.
d. The v|deo vo|ce-over stated: "In the beginning, which they call Dreamtime, the Ancestors
created themselves from clay." The text uses a non-def|n|ng re|at|ve c|ause to g|ve add|t|ona|
|nformat|on about the beg|nn|ng of the wor|d. Jo|n the fo||ow|ng sentences together us|ng
re|at|ve c|auses and the re|at|ve pronoun |n brackets.
1. Jupiter decided to flood the Earth. He was angered at the evil ways of humanity. (whoj
Jupiter,
2. The land between the great rivers of lraq is a rich site for ar chaeologists. Many creation myths of
devastating floods come from this area. (wherej
3. Creation myths all share some common beliefs. These stories cannot be proven to have actually
happened. (whichj
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9
1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
4. A famous director has been hired to direct the new movie about the cr eation of the world. His
last movie was The Parting of the Red Sea." (whosej
e. Read the fo||ow|ng text about a Nat|ve Amer|can cr eat|on myth. Then read the extra
|nformat|on be|ow. Add th|s |nformat|on to the text |n the spaces pr ov|ded, us|ng re|at|ve
c|auses and re|at|ve pronouns.
A Great Flood, (1j ,
devastated everything. The Earth, (2j ,
was still covered in water. Next the believers, (3j ,
describe an eagle and a crow. The birds, (4j ,
flew around and around looking for a dry place. This place, (5j
, was the only place they could land. This old tr ee,
(6j , became the birth
place of new life in the world.
1. The Flood happened a long time ago.
2. There was no life on Ear th.
3. The lndians still tell this stor y to their children.
4. The birds were the only life on Ear th.
5. A tree stump emerged from the water.
6. The surface was big enough for the two birds to survive.
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10
1
Unit
ADVANCED 1
OLTRE ORASH
a. Order the events |n the story. Use the Exp|ore text on pages 100-101 to he|p you.
a. Everyone noticed him because his behavior was so different and he moved at a very quick
pace.
b. Thirty years ago, Brad Perkins arrived in a town in the South from New York.
c. Later, Dr. Franklin tried to explain that Brad was not really being rude and that the
townspeople had overreacted and were being too sensitive.
d. Shortly after the dinner, everyone in town knew what had happened and Brad almost had to
pack his things and leave.
e. After a short time in town, Dr. Franklin invited him for dinner.
f. ln addition to Brad, Dr Franklin invited some friends in order to give him a friendly local
welcome.
g. The people at the dinner table r eacted very strongly to Brad's lack of cour tesy and told
everyone in town about his impolite behavior.
h. The people began to understand that people from the North do not mean to be impolite.
i. Brad didn't understand the Southern way of life and made a bad mistake by r efusing a
second helping.
b. The story te||s about the c|ash between two cu|tures - the North and the South of the U.S.A.
1. ln what way do the cultures differ?
2. The writer states that manners, values, and rules of courtesy can be very different.
Write an example of one way in which your culture differs from another culture.
3. Why do you think the name of the story is Culture Crash"?
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1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
c. Who do the fo||ow|ng statements refer to, Brad Perk|ns, or Dr. Frank||n?
Statements Brad Perk|ns Dr. Frank||n
1. Everyone noticed when he came into town.
2. He never realized he was offending anyone.
3. He is quite reserved.
4. The meal caused him a problem.
5. He refused a second helping of food.
6. He was more direct than the other people in town.
A B
1. He came into town like an ambulance on its
way to a car crash.
a. Many people were upset by his behavior.
2. Down here, it's considered rude.
b. Soon everyone heard from friends and
neighbors what had taken place at Dr.
Franklin's house.
3. Everyone took offense. c. People noticed Brad as soon as he ar rived.
4. What happened at the dinner party was
broadcast all over town.
d. Dr. Franklin and his local guests wer e too
sensitive and overreacted to Brad's manners
and behavior.
5. They went overboard in their reaction.
e. ln the South, such behavior is not thought to be
polite.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
d. Match a sentence from co|umn A w|th a sentence from co|umn B w|th a s|m||ar mean|ng.
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Now wr|te a thank-you note to someone who enterta|ned you at h|s/her home.
Use su|tab|e express|ons from the ||st above.
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1
Unit
ADVANCED 1
I'd like the recipe Ior the delicious cheesecake.
I was very tired aIter the dinner.
I am sure our Iriendship will grow aIter such an evening.
I am writing to thank you Ior your hospitality last night.
I enjoyed both the Iood and the company.
I would have preIerred going to a restaurant Ior dinner.
I'd like to invite you and your wiIe over to our place soon.
I particularly enjoyed the .
Your other guests were quite boring.
I wish to say thank you Ior an enjoyable evening.
Please give my compliments to the cook.
e. Brad dec|ded to wr|te a thank-you note to Dr. Frank||n. T|ck off the express|ons he cou|d have
used |n h|s note.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
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a. Comp|ete these d|a|ogues by us|ng too and either to express agreement.
1. l took a third helping!
I did, too!
2. My friend took a cruise to the Canary lslands last year .
.
3. The people in the next cabin to us are so noisy and rude.
.
4. l hate all that drinking in the bar.
.
5. l love these cruises.
.
b. Read the fo||ow|ng express|ons and dec|de |f they express strong agreement or neutra|
agreement:
13
1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
SO BORED!
Expressions Strong agreement Neutral agreement
1. Absolutely, l couldn't agree more!"
2. l know what you mean."
3. l completely agree with you."
4. l think you're right."
5. l'm in total agreement."
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c. Now fo||ow the prompts be|ow to comp|ete th|s conversat|on. Use each express|on from b.
on|y once.
Dr. Frank||n: l believe we may have been too str ong in our criticism of Brad's behavior.
Mr. Sm|th: (agree strongly)
Mrs. Sm|th: (agree neutrally)
Mrs. Frank||n: Perhaps we should invite him to our house again.
Dr. Frank||n: (agree strongly)
Mr. Sm|th: Don't you think Brad might be feeling lonely?
Mrs. Sm|th: (agree neutrally)
Dr. Frank||n: So since it is decided, we'll ask him to dinner again.
Mrs. Frank||n: (agree strongly)
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng (page 15)
1. Look at the title. Who do you think the article might be describing?
Why do you think there is a question mark?
2. Read the first sentence. Who is the article about?
What is the purpose of the first sentence?
3. Read the first paragraph. What is the writer's opinion about stereotypes of Americans?
4. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. ln what way do you think Americans are more
informal?
5. Read the first sentence of the thir d paragraph. Do you think this paragraph will suppor t or
contrast with the second paragraph?
6. Read the last paragraph. What is the writer's purpose?
14
1
Unit
ADVANCED 1
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C|ose Read|ng
1. Read the first paragraph again. The marker For example in lines 2-3 signals that the writer will give
an example of the main idea. What is the main idea?
What is the example that the writer gives to support the main idea?
2. The marker but in line 5 signals that the writer will pr esent a contrasting idea. What does the writer
contrast?
3. The marker Likewise in line 7 signals that the writer will compar e two similar ideas. What two similar
examples does the writer give?
4. The helping verb do is sometimes used in positive statements to make a str ong point. What point
does the write want to emphasize in line 9?
5. The marker Nevertheless in line 11 signals that the writer will contrast the pr evious statement. What
two things does the writer contrast?
6. If sentences may be used to give advice. What advice does the writer give in line 11?
7. Phrasal verbs are sometimes confusing. What does the writer mean by to dress up and to dress
down (line 16j? Which verb means to dr ess formally?
Which verb means to dress less formally?
15
1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
Loud and Ignorant?
Don't believe all of the stereotypes you may have heard about Americans. Even the ones that ar e
true in general may not be true about specific individuals or a large segment of the population. For
example, although Americans tend to be louder and mor e boisterous than people from other
cultures (especially at athletic eventsj, many of the people you meet will be quiet and polite. Some
people may be intolerant and xenophobic, but most will be pleasant and welcoming. Remember
that American films and television exaggerate in or der to generate excitement, and so pr esent a
rather distorted picture of what life in the United States is r eally like. Likewise, tourists are not
always on their best behavior.
Americans do tend to be more informal than people from other countries. lt is common for
Americans to wear casual clothing to school and to gr eet professors by their first name.
Nevertheless, good manners and politeness are always appropriate. lf you are courteous and polite,
and dress a little more formally than your American friends, it will only r eflect well on you.
However, there are situations and environments in which formality is the norm. Some businesses
require their employees to wear a unifor m or a suit. lt would be inappr opriate to wear a T-shirt and
blue jeans to a job interview. Some of the more prestigious restaurants require a jacket and tie.
Americans tend to dress up for cultural events (the opera, theater, and balletj and to dress down for
athletic events. Formal wear is required at weddings and funerals, or any other event with r eligious
overtones.
Rid yourself of any preconceived notions of American behavior before you arrive. lf you rely on
the stereotypes, you will likely put yourself into an awkwar d and embarrassing situation and of fend
your American acquaintances. www.edupass.org
5
10
15
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Comprehens|on Quest|ons
1. What is the writer's advice?
2. According to the writer, what kind of influence does Hollywood have on how non-Americans see life
in America?
3. ln what social situations do Americans dr ess down?
4. How many of the following stereotypes do some people have about...
a. Americans?
b. your culture?
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1
Unit
ADVANCED 1
Stereotypes About Amer|cans About your cu|ture
Boastful and arrogant
Disrespectful of authority
Drunken
Extravagant and wasteful
Generous
lgnorant of other countries and cultures
lnformal
lnsensitive
Lazy
Loud and obnoxious
Promiscuous
Racist
Rich and wealthy
Rude and immature
Snobbish
Stingy
Think they know everything
Think every country should imitate the U.S.
Uninformed about politics
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17
1
ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Match each of the prom|ses on the |eft w|th an appropr|ate cond|t|on on the r|ght and r ewr|te
them us|ng as long as.
Prom|ses Cond|t|ons
1. l'll invite you to my house . a. . you share her values.
2. Passengers will be able to leave the b. . people want to hear them.
cruise ship... c. . you agree to eat a second helping of my pie.
3. Creation stories will continue to be told... d. . you promise not to drag me on a cruise again.
4. She'll welcome you to her home . e. . they take their passports and tickets with them.
5. l'll go on holiday with you .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b. Comp|ete the fo||ow|ng sentences us|ng e|ther so or since.
1. The doctor invited Brad to his house he could make him feel welcome in town.
2. l bought the tickets you were busy at work.
3. English speakers are taught how to use politically corr ect language they can be more polite.
4. The pilot boat accompanies the cruise ship that it can get into port safely.
5. The Aborigine child told me about her cr eation story l was very interested to learn about
their beliefs.
REvlEW
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
c. Look at the p|ctures be|ow. Match three p|ctures to a quote.
1. Now that we've seen the outback, what do we do next?"
2. Now that you have finished your first cruise, do you want to go on another one next year?"
3. Now that l can hold a tennis racquet the right way , can l play in Wimbledon?"
Look at the fourth p|cture. Wr|te your own quote for the p|cture us|ng "Now that."
Now that l have completed .
d. Th|nk of someth|ng you know how to do we||. Wr|te a d|a|ogue between you and a fr|end who
wants to |earn someth|ng from you. Try to use the express|on: You do this, so as... and
f|n|sh w|th Now that you can
Your friend: How do you ?
You:
Your friend:
You:
Your friend:
You:
e. In c|ass, ro|e-p|ay the d|a|ogue w|th a partner.
b. a. c.
d.
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2
ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the v|deo? Answer the fo||ow|ng quest|ons about |t. Use the Exp|ore text on
page 102 to he|p you.
1. What is the mystery?
2. How would you describe the people's socio-economical status? What helped you decide?
3. What do you know about Coral?
4. What do you think the relationships between the four people in the story ar e?
Lauren and Richard are:
Freddie, Lauren, and Richard are:
Freddie and Coral are:
Coral, Lauren, and Richard are:
5. What would you do in a similar situation?
LlFE lN THE OlTY
MYSTERY
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2
Unit
ADVANCED 1
b. F|nd a match. Match a sentence or expr ess|on from co|umn A w|th the sentence or
express|on |n co|umn B that has a s|m||ar mean|ng.
c. The Present Perfect tense |s a comb|nat|on of the past and the present. We use |t |n order to
|mp|y a strong ||nk w|th the present or future. Look at the Exp|ore text on page 102 and
under||ne a|| the verbs |n the Pr esent Perfect tense. How many t|mes |s |t used?
Match the phrases |n the Present Perfect |n co|umn A w|th a poss|b|e cont|nuat|on from
co|umn B.
A B
1. .she hasn't been around. a. Her disappearance is quite strange.
2. lsn't that funny?
b. l thought she had a lot of boyfriends and
treated them badly.
3. .rumor has it that.
c. Perhaps this time someone has treated her
badly.
4. l always imagined she ate men. d. We haven't seen her lately.
5. Maybe this time it's the other way ar ound. e. People are telling each other that.
6. My sister can be very unpredictable.
f. l know you don't agree but l'm going to tell you
anyway.
7. l'm sorry, .
g. She does not do things you would expect her to
do and does things you would not expect her
to do.
A B
1. You mean she hasn't been around? a. l wonder where she has been since then.
2. He's gone to phone the mansion, to see if
anybody knows where Coral is.
b. l hope he comes back with good news.
3. Do you think something could have happened
to her?
c. l'm quite worried that she is in trouble.
4. At home, nobody's talked to her or seen her
since Friday.
d. Hasn't anyone seen her?
5. Maybe she's just gone somewhere for the
weekend?
e. l imagine she'll be back soon.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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21
2
ADVANCED 1
Unit
d. Read the sentences and dec|de |f they expr ess Part|a| D|sagreement or
Strong D|sagreement.
Expressions
Partial
Disagreement
Strong
Disagreement
1. My sister can be very unpr edictable, but.
2. l'm sorry, l can't agree with you.
3. l'm afraid, l believe l have another point of view.
4. To put it bluntly, you're totally wrong.
5. l'm sorry, l think we have to get the police on this.
6. You have a point, but
7. Frankly, l totally disagree with you.
8. Wouldn't it be better if we. ?
e. Can you |mag|ne what m|ght happen next |n the v|deo c||p "Mystery"? Read the story
cont|nuat|on be|ow and wr|te the scr|pt for the next show. Try to use express|ons of agree|ng
and d|sagree|ng.
As Richard is about to call the police, the phone rings; it's the gallery. They have
found a message in big red writing on Coral's desk: $10,000,000 Swiss Bank
Account Z123456. Money now or no deal! Call Venezuela 667755.
She's been kidnapped! shouts Freddie. The other two try to calm him down. They
begin to argue: Should they pay the ransom? Should they call the police? Should
they tell the people at the mansion about the note? How will they find the money
to pay the ransom? Who will negotiate with the kidnappers?
Fredd|e:
Lauren:
R|chard:
(Coral enters the room carrying a picture frame.)
Cora|: Hi everyone! You look like you've just seen a ghost! Guess where l've been? South
America! l bought a genuine Picasso!
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2
Unit
ADVANCED 1
a. Do you remember the text from the Read|ng sect|on? Use the Exp|or e text on pages 102-103
to he|p you to match the peop|e |n Co|umn A w|th the appropr|ate facts |n Co|umn B.
ADAMS MRDER MYSTERY PDATE
Peop|e
1. Barbara Adams
2. Bettina Adams
3. Bonnie Adams
4. Gregory Adams
5. Mira Holmes
Facts
a. a successful writer
b. Mr. Adams' first wife
c. Mr. Adams' second wife
d. She has disappeared.
e. a former neighbor and filmmaker
b. Use the Exp|ore text on pages 102-103 to put these events from the story |n the correct
chrono|og|ca| order.
a. The police arrested Gregory Adams and charged him with murder.
b. Gregory Adams married Bonnie, his first wife.
c. Bettina Adams disappeared.
d. The murder trial begins tomorrow.
e. Barbara disappeared on the 5th of January.
f. Bonnie disappeared.
g. Gregory Adams married Bettina, his second wife.
h. Gregory Adams married for the third time.
i. Gregory hasn't spoken to the newspapers or the Tv about his trial.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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23
2
ADVANCED 1
Unit
c. Read a d|a|ogue between two |awyers. Comp|ete the d|a|ogue w|th the words and phrases
be|ow.
claim courtroom innocent no previous criminal record on trial the truth
Lawyer 1: Which (1j are you working in tomorrow?
Lawyer 2: l'll be appearing before Judge Sparrow. Do you know who is (2j ?
Lawyer 1: Don't tell me! Are you representing that famous murder mystery writer?
Lawyer 2: That's right, and although he has attended trials many times to do research for his
books, this will be the first time he himself appears before a judge. He has
(3j .
Lawyer 1: But the police (4j that he murdered his wife and the filmmaker
thinks he has murdered twice before.
Lawyer 2: He believes he is (5j .
d. If we have a certa|n t|me |n the future |n m|nd and we want to say what w||| happen before
that date, we use the Future Perfect (will have done) w|th by to express the |dea. Look
through the notes of one of the 12 peop|e who w||| be on the jury for Mr. Adams' tr|a|.
They w||| dec|de |f he |s gu||ty or |nnocent. Wr|te down what w||| have happened at each of the
future dates be|ow.
Learn about what to do
SEPTEMBER Listen to evidence from the police
OCTOBER Listen to evidence from Mr. Adams
NOvEMBER Listen to questions from the judge
DECEMBER Decide if Mr. Adams is innocent or guilty and give a ver dict
JANUARY Go home and back to regular work
1. By September,
2. By October,
3. By the beginning of November,
4. By the end of the year,
5. By January next year,
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ADVANCED 1
e. Adject|ves are used to descr|be nouns, whereas adverbs are used to descr|be verbs or other
adject|ves. Do you remember how Barbara Adams d|sappeared? She d|sappeared
mysteriously. Choose e|ther an adverb or an adject|ve fr om the words |n |ta||cs.
1. Most of the readers of Gregory Adams' books natural/naturally expect him to be found innocent.
2. Mr. Adams' attitude toward the journalists has been very quiet/quietly.
3. When given the Murder Mysteries Book Prize of the Year, Mr. Adams famous/famously said that
he based his stories on real life.
4. Mr. Adams' two former/formerly wives also disappeared.
5. Mr. Adams has never previous/previously been arrested by the police.
6. Barbara's parents are still hopeful/hopefully that she will reappear.
7. The idea that Mr. Adams murdered his wife is wide/widely believed.
8. Do the police have any conclusive/conclusively evidence?
9. Mr. Adams answered the police's questions confident/confidently.
10. Mr. Adams is on trial local/locally.
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Read the title of the text on page 26. What do you know about America's court systems? Do you
think that all of America has the same cour t systems?
2. Read the two columns - State Courts and Federa| Courts.
What does the number 50 refer to?
What does 95% refer to?
What does 5% refer to?
What does $75,000 refer to?
3. How many points are there about State Courts?
How many points are there about Federal Courts?
4. Read the paragraph after the heading Types of Courts." Find the dif ference between Trial Courts
and Appellate Courts.
5. How many points are there about Trial Courts?
How many points are there about Appellate Courts?
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
C|ose Read|ng
1. The expression handle cases is repeated both under the topic of State Cour ts and Federal Courts.
What is the difference between the number of cases handled in State Courts and Federal Courts?
2. The word but on line 16 (State Courtsj signals a contrast. How is lowa different from other American
states?
3. The marker from.to on lines 25-26 signals the extent of something. What is the extent of the cases
that Trial Courts handle?
4. The word or line on 37 signals alter natives. What are the alternatives in Trial Courts?
5. ln the column headed Appellate Courts," the writer uses parentheses ( j on lines 36-38 to signal an
explanation. What explanation does the writer give of an appellate court?
What explanation does the writer give of the number of judges?
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Amer|ca's Court Systems
Many people are surprised to learn that there isn't a single court system" in the United States.
Every state has its own court system to handle cases that involve disputes or crimes that occur
within the state. The federal gover nment also has a court system to handle cases that involve
disputes or issues governed by federal laws or the U.S. Constitution.
State Courts
Every state has its own judicial branch, so ther e are
50 state court systems (plus the District of Columbia
and Puerto Ricoj.
Handle 95% of court cases in the United States.
Handle cases involving disputes that arise under
state laws.
Every state court system is unique in some way.
States differ widely in how they organize their
courts.
Some states have as many as 50 dif ferent types
of courts, but lowa only has 3 courts: Supreme
Court, Court of Appeals, and District Court.
Federa| Courts
There is a federal court system that handles
claims under federal jurisdiction.
Handle about 5% of court cases in the United
States.
Handle cases involving a violation of the U.S.
Constitution, federal laws, or disputes over
contracts or personal injuries involving
citizens from different states and damages
worth more than $75,000.
lncludes U.S. district courts, Court of
lnternational Trade, Claims Court, Circuit
Courts of Appeal, Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit, and the U.S. Supreme Court.
Types of Courts
Federal and state systems each have two dif ferent types of courts: trial courts and appellate courts. The
general difference is this: trial courts hear original cases, while appellate cour ts hear only appeals.
Tr|a| Courts
ln lowa, the trial court is called
the District Court. Judges and
magistrates on this level handle a
wide variety of cases, from
murder to traffic violations to civil
cases.
Almost all cases start in a trial
court. This is where the case is
filed and evidence is gathered.
As the name suggests, trial courts
are where the trial is held before a
judge or jury.
ln trial courts, both sides of fer
witnesses and evidence to
support their side and the judge
or jury makes decisions based on
that evidence.
About 90% of civil and criminal
cases never go to a trial. The
parties involved in a civil or
domestic case usually settle the
dispute before trial, and many
criminal defendants enter a guilty
plea before trial.
Appe||ate Courts
Most states (including lowaj and the federal courts have
two levels of appellate courts:
An intermediate court of appeals, which handles all or
most of the appeals coming from the trial courts in the
state or federal court system. (ln lowa, this is called the
Court of Appeals.j
A Supreme Court, which is the final court of appeal. ln
lowa, all appeals go first to the Supr eme Court, which
chooses to hear the appeal or transfers it to the Court
of Appeals.
Appellate courts are where a party involved in a civil
case (or a defendant in a criminal casej goes if they do
not agree with the decision of the judge or jury in the
trial court.
An appellate court (or court of appealsj usually includes
a panel of 3 or 5 judges - or mor e. (The U.S. Supreme
Court and a few state Supreme Courts have 9 justices.j
ln a court of appeals, there is no presentation of
witnesses or physical evidence, which is done only in
the trial court. The final judgment on an appeal is
determined by a majority of the panel of appellate
courts.
www.judicial.state.ia.us/students/overview
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
1. What are some differences between State Courts and Federal Courts?
2. Give an example of how State Courts can differ widely.
3. What are the minimum damages (the compensation one party can r eceive from another partyj
that allow a case to be handled in the Federal Courts?
4. What is the difference between Trial Courts and Appellate Courts?
5. About how many civil and criminal cases actually go to trial?
6. How many judges sit on the U.S. Supr eme Court?
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a. Do you remember the story from the Speak|ng sect|on? Use the Exp|ore text on page 103
to he|p you to dec|de what the futur e may ho|d for each of the characters |n the story.
1. the victim
2. the car owner
3. the thieves
b. Match the f|rst sentences |n co|umn A w|th the most appr opr|ate cont|nuat|on |n co|umn B.
HOW AWFL!
a. She will be very upset when she hears the news.
b. He will receive medical assistance.
c. They will make some money illegally.
d. The police will try to arrest them.
e. He will look at pictures at the police station and try to
help the police with their investigations.
f. The insurance company will provide a temporary
replacement car for her.
A B
1. lt could have been more difficult to find the car
keys.
a. l could have written murder mysteries.
2. lt could have been easier to do well. b. He could have taken a taxi.
3. l could have been more famous than l am now
as a detective.
c. lt could have been dark.
4. The verdict could have been worse.
d. We could have been given more time for the
test.
5. The lecture could have been more interesting. e. l could have been charged with murder.
6. He could have been here quicker. f. He could have shown us some pictur es.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
c. R|s|ng cr|me |n your c|ty |s pr eventab|e, wr|te to the Po||ce Ch|ef w|th four or f|ve |deas of how
to prevent cr|me. Use any stor|es or anecdotes you know that can suppor t your |deas.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
FTRE PERFEOT
a. Read th|s target ||st made up by a |oca| mayor |n her ef forts to f|ght cr|me |n her c|ty. Then
wr|te a su|tab|e speech that she can g|ve to the po||ce of f|cers at the|r meet|ng tomorrow. Be
prepared to g|ve the speech |n fr ont of the c|ass. Beg|n by say|ng: By this time next year, we
will have reduced...
Here are some usefu| words and express|ons that you can use |n the speech:
to cut
to decrease
to reduce
considerably
substantially
impressively
significantly
lf l may have your attention.
Please look at this table.
Thank you for coming here today.
l'm sure l have all your suppor t in saying...
that we must fight crime in our city.
You can see from this table that.
Now, do you have any questions you would like to ask me?
CRlMES
PERlOD
MURDER KlDNAPPlNG CAR THEFT
HOUSE
BURGLARY
vANDALlSM
now 2/day 1/month 20/day 9/day 6/day
one year from now 2/week 1/year 5/day 9/week 6/week
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b. What w||| I have ach|eved twenty years fr om now? Read my "pred|ct|ons" and then dec|de |f
the sentences cou|d a|so be true for you or not. C|rc|e the appropr|ate numbers. What other
future ach|evements do you th|nk you w||| pr obab|y ach|eve?
1. l'll have stopped working.
2. l'll have retired.
3. l'll have played with my grandchildren.
4. l'll have traveled to many places.
5. l'll not have learned any more foreign languages.
6. l'll have met many new people.
7. l'll have been to many weddings.
8. l'll have read all the Harry Potter books.
9. l'll have moved a few times.
10. l'll have given students a lot of homework.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the rad|o |nterv|ew w|th Tom and Ms. Moore |n the L|sten|ng sect|on?
Comp|ete each of the fo||ow|ng sentences about the |nter v|ew. Use the Exp|ore text on page
104 to he|p you.
1. Ms. Moore is in the studio so as to answer questions about .
2. Tom asks Ms. Moore to explain why she .
3. Ms. Moore jumps from planes because .
4. Before a jump, Ms. Moore .
5. Ms. Moore offers to give Tom .
6. Tom replies to this offer by .
DANGEROS SPORTS
SPORTS
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b. What can we |earn about Ms. Moore and Tom from the story? Mark True or Fa|se.
True Fa|se
1. Ms. Moore is a daring person who likes to take risks.
2. Tom is a daring person who likes to take risks.
3. Skydiving is the first extreme sport Ms. Moore has done.
4. She is never afraid when she jumps.
5. Tom would be afraid to jump fr om a plane.
6. Ms. Moore tried to sky dive for the first time last week.
c. F|nd a match. Match a sentence or an expr ess|on |n co|umn A w|th a sentence or expr ess|on
|n co|umn B w|th a s|m||ar mean|ng.
A B
1. l was ready for a new thrill." a. You must be very brave.
2. lt must take a lot of nerve." b. l wanted to try a new kind of extr eme sport.
3. Only a fool wouldn't be afraid." c. l don't think l'd like to do it.
4. Do you ever have second thoughts?" d. You are very kind to make that of fer.
5. That's very generous of you." e. Do you ever think twice before you jump?
6. l'm going to pass up your of fer."
f. You would have to be stupid not to r ecognize
the risks in skydiving.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
d. Ms. Moore was |nv|ted to another |nterv|ew at her o|d h|gh schoo|. Read the answers Ms.
Moore gave and wr|te the reporter's quest|ons.
Reporter: (1j ?
Martha Moore: Well, yes, l am well-known for my sky diving.
Reporter: (2j ?
Martha Moore: Yes, l did take risks when l was her e. l was not a quiet, well-behaved pupil. Once
l did an experiment in the chemistry laboratory, but l'd better not tell you about
that.
Reporter: (3j
Martha Moore: l have tried hang gliding; you know when you use a glider to fly without an
engine. l've done some mountain climbing in the Himalayas and l've jumped of f
some tall buildings with a parachute; l was arr ested for that! l've even dived with
great white sharks.
Reporter: (4j ?
Martha Moore: That's a difficult question to answer. How can you define what a thrill is?
Perhaps you could say it is a rush of blood to the head, or a gr eat sense of
enjoyment. What do the mountain climbers say when they ar e asked why they
do it? For the thrill!"
Reporter: (5j ?
Martha Moore: lf l am a role model, l'd like to be thought of as a person who is daring and not
afraid of taking risks, but at the same time l always take precautions. l'm really
very cautious about everything l do.
e. Ro|e-p|ay the |nterv|ew w|th a partner |n c|ass.
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ADVANCED 1
JST lN TlME
a. Do you remember the story about the three |njured teenage boys on a mounta|n |n the
Read|ng sect|on? Mark the fo||ow|ng statements true or fa|se. Use the Exp|ore text on
pages 104-105 to he|p you.
1. Only Nick has a pilot's license. /
2. All three doctors have been parachuting for many years. /
3. The doctors specialize in parachuting to places that can't be r eached any other way. /
4. The boys knew the doctors were on the way to help. /
5. All three boys were reported to be badly hurt. /
6. Hank saw the teenagers first. /
7. Nick circled while the other doctors jumped. /
8. Only Eddie was taken to hospital. /
9. Now the boys warn other teenagers not to go on foolish adventur es. /
b. In the story, there are severa| words that share s|m||ar forms: they can be both nouns or verbs. Choose
from the words |n the box |n order to comp|ete the sentences be|ow. You may have to change the form
of the nouns or verbs.
aid base call circle climb contact dare edge end fall find jump land license
map need panic parachute point reach rock search size study take off trip turn
1. Don't ! Help is coming.
2. The first parachute is always the most frightening.
3. The for the missing climbers is still going on.
4. One of the doctors walked to the of the landing site.
5. The E.M.P. doctors must be able the medical of injured
people very quickly.
6. The injured people drew a huge in the sand to show the doctors wher e
when they .
7. l you to tell Nick that we ar e leaving him in the plane because he is a very
bad parachutist!
8. He over the stone and hurt his toe.
9. There were no trees so the injured walker took shelter under a big and
waited for medical to arrive.
10. From my of view, a helicopter is more useful than a plane.
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ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Read the title of the article. What do you think the article is about?
2. Read the first two sentences. Who is the speaker?
What is the writer's purpose in beginning the text with a quotation?
3. Read the first paragraph. What is the writer's opinion of the unusual birthday event?
4. Read the last paragraph. How does it support the answer to question 3 above?
How does the writer try to end the story on an inter esting point?
5. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. Why does Mr . Smith pause?
Do you think he will discuss his adventur e with the writer?
6. Read the first sentence of the thir d paragraph. What happened after Mr. Smith had made a
statement?
What information do you think this paragraph will add to that alr eady given in paragraphs one and
two?
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
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ADVANCED 1
C|ose Read|ng
1. The writer uses the Past Progressive in line 1 to begin a description of the backgr ound activity.
What is the background to the story?
2. The semi-colon in line 5 is used to add information. Which pieces of infor mation does it add?
3. The writer refers to the age of the old man. Which wor d is not used in the plural though you might
expect it to be?
(Note: We can also say a four-door car, a three-bedroom house, etc.)
4. At the end of paragraph 1, the writer uses the Past Perfect tense. Why?
5. The word perhaps in line 11 is used to indicate to the r eader that the writer is only guessing. What
is the writer guessing about?
6. The word Finally in line 11 indicates the end of something. What does the writer say has ended?
7. The word after in line 16 is used to indicate the sequence of events. What is the sequence of
events up till now?
8. The word as can be used to compare two things or to describe a person's job or status. How is it
used in line 18?
9. The expression On another occasion in line 24 is used to intr oduce a new example. What does the
writer give another example of?
10. To whom does he in line 24 refer?
11. The expression was supposed to be in line 27 indicates some surprise. Why is the writer
surprised?
12. What was the last question the writer asked Mr . Smith?
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ADVANCED 1
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A BIRTHDAY THRILL
'Well, actually, it was my eldest granddaughter, Martha's idea. She was visiting one day at my old
age home and she was talking about her latest extreme sport, sky diving. Then we got around to
talking about what to do Ior my 90th birthday and the two ideas just got mixed up, Mr. Smith
explained to me as we drank tea in the gardens oI his old age home in southern England. The
summer weather was warm; the sun was out and Mr. Smith's Iellow pensioners were enjoying the
gardens, some walking, others being pushed in their wheelchairs. It was hard to imagine that this
Irail 90-year-old man had Iallen through the sky above only a Iew days ago. OI course he had
jumped with a proIessional skydiver and they had shared one parachute, but still it was quite an
achievement. I had to ask Mr. Smith what it had Ielt like.
He paused as iI he was having some second thoughts about discussing his great adventure with me;
perhaps some oI his Iellow pensioners had simply not believed he had jumped Irom a plane. Finally
he answered, 'It's hard to compare sky diving to anything else, but I can say that now I understand
what people mean when they say they jump Ior the thrill. As I Iell, I Ielt that the ground was rushing
to meet me and not that it was me who was Ialling towards it. The best comparison I can make is to
say that I enjoyed it as much as I enjoyed the birth oI my Iirst child.
AIter this statement, he oIIered me some cake and we began to talk about his Iamily. I wanted to
know iI there was a history oI risk-taking in his Iamily. 'Now that you mention it, there was my
great-uncle Ted. As a child, he climbed up the Ilagpole at school, and as an adult, he was an explorer
in Australia. The Iunny thing was he had no sense oI direction and was always getting lost. One
time, he Iell asleep in the outback and only woke up when it was dark. He was aIraid oI the
Aborigines and when he saw some torches, he assumed it was some oI the local people coming to
kill him Ior being on sacred land. He jumped up and ran away. Actually, the torches belonged to his
team and they were out searching Ior him. The search continued Ior two days when
suddenly he appeared in camp by himselI. On another occasion, he Iell asleep in the Australiano
utback and an Aborigine Iound him. But he did not hurt Uncle Ted at all! Instead, the Aborigine
took pity on this small European man so Iar Irom home, picked him up and carried him back to his
camp.
I was still amazed that this old man who was supposed to be enjoying a quiet and risk-Iree
retirement had agreed to be taken up in a plane and had then sky dived Irom a great height. I asked
one more question: now that he had celebrated his 90th birthday by sky diving, how would he
celebrate the next one? 'Oh, I don't know, replied Mr. Smith. 'We will have to wait and see.
I might start scuba diving, but the gear is expensive and I can't get any company to insure me.
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ADVANCED 1
1. Who is telling the story the writer r elates?
2. What special activity did this person do on his last birthday?
3. How do we know that the speaker might not r eally have wanted to tell the story?
4. What did he compare his experience to?
5. Who else in the family likes to take risks?
Go|ng Beyond
Choose one of the top|cs to wr|te about.
1. Write about an elderly person who lives a very exciting life.
2. Write an anecdote about something that happened to you or to a close member of your family that
involved taking a risk.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do your remember the d|a|ogue |n the Speak|ng sect|on? It beg|ns w|th the young man
thank|ng C|ndy for p|ck|ng h|m up after h|s sports |njury . Match the p|ctures of the peop|e w|th
the most appropr|ate quote of say|ng thanks. Wr|te a s|m||ar sentence of thanks for the fourth
p|cture.
WHAT HAPPENED?
a. Thanks for the water, l have another 10 k.m. to r un."
b. To all our fans, l want to say thanks for your gr eat support."
c. Thanks for remembering my birthday!."
d.
b. C|ndy p|cked her boyfr|end up. The mean|ng of pick depends whether |t stands a|one or |s
fo||owed by a prepos|t|on. Match the sentences |n co|umn A w|th the cor rect mean|ng |n
co|umn B. You can use your d|ct|onary to he|p you.
A B
1. Pick the sport shoes you want. a. not show much interest
2. She only picked at her food befor e the big race. b. blame someone for everything
3. They picked on me at the gym. c. collect someone who is waiting
4. The runners picked up speed as they ran down
the hill.
d. choose
5. Please pick me up from the sports stadium. e. increase
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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d. Read these quotes from some ath|etes ta|k|ng about drugs |n spor ts. Then wr|te a d|a|ogue
between an ath|ete and her coach |n wh|ch the coach |s tr y|ng to conv|nce the ath|ete to take
stero|ds.
c. Read th|s ema|| from a mother to her |njured son. Under||ne the express|ons of sympathy.
Now wr|te a s|m||ar ema|| to Martha at Martha.skyd|v|ng.com, who has been |njur ed wh||e sky
d|v|ng.
Dear Son,
How do you feel? l was so sorry to hear what happened to you. What a shame it
happened in the last game of the season. l know l told you not to take too many risks,
but from what l saw on the Tv, it seems it was really an accident. What an awful thing
to happen. l guess it could happen to any American football player .
What did the doctors tell you? How long won't you be allowed to play? l hope it will
not take long as l know how much you love the game. Now , promise me something:
while you are recovering, don't do anything you shouldn't do. That includes racing fast
cars and chasing pretty ladies!
Now, you'll have more time to catch up on your education. Leaving school to play
professional football was your decision, but now you can make up for lost time.
l also expect that you'll find mor e time for your family!
Love,
Mom
My coach told me that l couldn't expect
to be competitive if l didn't take the drugs. She
never mentioned the side effects."
Personally, l am drug free and
want to stay that way. What we need in
sports is honesty and that means no athletes
take drugs to give them a competitive
edge."
Let's face it, medical tests are always
one or two steps behind the latest drug; that
means that athletes who take these drugs
are not caught."
lt's so difficult to know what to eat or what to drink, l
have to read the ingredients of the packaged food so car efully. My
friend had a cold and took some pr escription medicine, but she was
banned from competitions because the doctors found traces of
an illegal substance in her blood."
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A Check||st for Part|c|pants at the O|ymp|cs
1. All sportspeople who want (1j (considerj as Olympic
athletes must have permission from their National Associations.
2. Any athletes not willing (2j (testj for illegal drugs will
be banned from the Olympics.
3. We understand that many athletes hate (3j (subject
toj random tests, but there is no choice. We expect over 5,000 athletes
(4j (testj during the Olympics. We understand that
many athletes are surprised (5j (accuse ofj taking drugs
and others are delighted (6j (declarej drug free. We were all
shocked (7j (tellj by the laboratory people that ther e are six
new drugs at this Olympics. We were not surprised (8j
(informj that the older drugs are still used, too. That's why so many tests need
(9j (carry outj. We are determined (10j
(describej as the most drug-free Olympics.
4. ln addition, we hope (11j (recordj in history as the
friendliest Olympics.
5. All athletes are expected (12j (dressj properly at the
opening ceremony.
41
3
ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. The Grammar sect|on descr|bed someone who had over eaten. Overeat|ng |s not very hea|thy,
espec|a||y for sportspeop|e. Read the fo||ow|ng sentences and under||ne the |nf|n|t|ve form.
We don't expect Jones to be selected for the Olympic team next year because he's
overweight.
I don't want my parents to be worried when I go sky diving.
Use the verbs |n parentheses to comp|ete the fo||ow|ng paragraph. You w||| have to change
the form of the words to the |nf|n|t|ve.
OTHER SES
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
Dear B.A.D. Boss,
Yours truly,
b. You work at a sports c|ub. Wr|te a |etter of comp|a|nt to your boss, who hates to be cr|t|c|zed.
Use some of the words |n the box |n a s|m||ar way to exer c|se a.
angry (notj delighted determined expect hate hope (notj prepared
(notj willing shocked surprised want
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a. Do you reca|| the rad|o program you ||stened to ca||ed "Interv|ew L|ve"? Comp|ete the
fo||ow|ng sentences about the program. Use the Exp|ore text on page 106 to he|p you.
1. Mr. Swathmore's friends and colleagues call him .
2. Mr. Swathmore spent most of his jour nalist career working for .
3. After he retires, he is probably going to .
4. An issue which Mr. Swathmore knows a lot about is .
5. The first caller thinks that Mr. Swathmore's reports are based on .
6. When Mr. Swathmore hears about a new story, he talks to .
7. The second caller agrees with the first caller and makes thr ee new points:
8. To support his claims, Mr. Swathmore always relies on .
9. Mr. Swathmore's opinion of the truth of a story" is that .
10. The issue for the next program will be .
O O M P L A l N T S
OALL-lN
43
4
ADVANCED 1
Unit
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
b. Match the |d|oms, phrasa| verbs and expr ess|ons |n co|umn A w|th the sentence or
express|on |n co|umn B w|th a s|m||ar mean|ng.
A
B
1. to be on air a. to support and agree with somebody
2. to back someone up b. to hear about something
3. freedom of the press c. to find or reach a person
4. sources d. the right of newspapers to print their opinions
5. tabloid newspapers e. only a little of the whole story
6. to get hold of someone f. people who give information to jour nalists
7. to get wind of a story g. to be broadcast on radio or Tv
8. the tip of the iceberg
h. newspapers that are very popular, cheap, and often
scandalous
c. Match the verbs from co|umn A w|th the most appr opr|ate nouns |n co|umn B. Use the
Exp|ore text on page 106 to he|p you.
A
1. break
2. exaggerate
3. follow up on
4. get hold of
5. back up
6. take advantage of
7. reveal
8. base on
d. Comp|ete the fo||ow|ng newspaper |nterv|ew w|th Dan the Man about h|s r et|rement.
Use the Exp|ore text on page 106 to he|p you.
Interv|ewer: Now Dan, l hope you don't mind if we begin with your early career here at the
newspaper. Remind me, how long ago did you star t here?
Dan: Well, l'm a little embarrassed to answer, but l started (1j ago.
Interv|ewer: Can you tell us a little about the newspaper then, who you worked with?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
B
a. people
b. the law
c. a claim
d. people's tragedies
e. sources
f. the truth
g. a story
h. rumors
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
Dan: Yes, l'd be happy to remind the older readers of one particular investigative reporter who
taught me all l know - Hank Hot Lead" Smith.
Interv|ewer: What did you learn from Hank?
Dan: Well, first of all, he taught me that when you get (2j a story, you
have to get (3j the people who are close to the story. They can tell
you what they know. Hank also taught me that l have to (4j any
claims l make in my articles.
Interv|ewer: Now Dan, tell us about the most scandalous r eports you have ever written.
Dan: Well, there were a few, as anyone who is (5j with tabloid papers
knows. But in all these reports, even though l came under a lot of pr essure from the
courts, l never (6j my sources.
Interv|ewer: One last question Dan. What do you say to those people who complain that tabloid
papers (7j the truth?
Dan: l can only say that the r eaders must decide what they believe and as long as ther e are
good investigative journalists around, the papers will report the facts.
e. In the phrase, will soon be retiring, the word soon g|ves the reader extra |nformat|on.
Rewr|te the fo||ow|ng sentences us|ng the wor d |n the brackets to add add|t|ona| |nfor mat|on.
1. The guest on the radio show is commonly known as Dan the Man." (morej
2. Dan is familiar with the world of tabloid newspapers. (veryj
3. ls it known what happened? (actuallyj
4. Journalists refuse to reveal any information. (alwaysj
5. The host of the show tells the listeners that this pr ogram is the tip of the iceber g. (justj
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
f. The adject|ves |n the f|rst co|umn a|| have common adject|ve end|ngs: -y , -ous, -a|.
Use a good d|ct|onary to f|nd the m|ss|ng wor ds to comp|ete the tab|e be|ow.
personal
scandalous
special
Now comp|ete the fo||ow|ng d|a|ogues us|ng the correct forms of the most appropr|ate words
from the above tab|e.
1. Why do you follow the prince everywher e with your camera?"
Stories about the prince can sell newspapers. He is so (1j that readers
know his name when they see his pictur e.
2. l'm a lawyer by training and l (2j in cases involving people who reveal
state secrets." Really, so were you involved in the (3j about the prime
minister's secretary who sold secrets to foreign governments? l promise we won't publish your
name."
3. The soft drinks company is complaining; they want us to come up with a (4j
slogan."
How about 'Spirit is Life!'?"
4. Her strong, decisive (5j was the main reason for her success at running a
tabloid newspaper."
5. The restaurant has a few good dishes and is very popular with the Japanese r eporters who
work for the Tokyo tabloid, because their (6j is Japanese sushi."
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Adject|ves Nouns Verbs
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
Billy Bloggart leaves the
Typhoons
Those oI us who were at the Typhoons' last game were all
very upset to say goodbye to Billy Bloggart. He has played
Ior this basketball team Ior more than ten years. Some oI his
best basketball was played as a member oI this team,
especially in the very successIul 1996-1998 seasons when
the Typhoons won back-to-back West Coast and U.S.
National Titles. Billy averaged 45 points and 25 assists per
game. Who will Iorget his superb last-minute winning dunk
in the last game oI the series last year?
Billy will be joining an East Coast team and playing
basketball in Boston next season. So his many loyal Ians
here in Los Angeles will have to be satisIied with watching
his games early in the morning. We wish Billy success with
his new team and thank him Ior the many hours oI exciting
basketball that he has played with the Lakers.
Typhoons' Shares Hit by
Transfer Deal
The price oI Typhoons' shares Iell yesterday by 24 as
nervous investors reacted badly to the announcement that
Billy Boggart was leaving the basketball team at the end
oI this basketball season. The CEO oI the company,
which recently Iloated bonds on the market called
'Billy's Bonds, appealed to investors to judge the
company on its perIormance and proIit margin and not on
the departure oI this legendary player.
However, sources in the market comment that Billy
Bloggart represents a huge asset Ior the company because
oI his high proIile on National TV and his promotion
work Ior the Typhoons' PLC Company. The great
majority oI Typhoons' merchandise Ieatures a picture oI
Billy. At the same time, the shares oI the Boston Spurs
PLC Company rose considerably Iollowing the news that
Billy Bloggart will be joining their team next season.
"Why I dec|ded to |eave."
An exc|us|ve |nterv|ew w|th B|||y
We spoke to Billy and his wiIe at their luxurious villa
on the riverside. His wiIe Jeanette answered our Iirst
question: 'It was a decision we both made together
aIter considering the options careIully. Billy added,
'Yes, we have had many second thoughts about it.
Jeanette continued, 'I'm Irom the East Coast myselI.
My parents and sisters still live there, and Billy agrees
that our children should get to know their grandparents
better.
Billy remained quiet and let his wiIe answer the
questions. 'I've always supported Billy's decisions in
the past and we think that the climate and the
education system in Boston will be beneIicial to our
children. Did you know that the university entry rates
are much higher in Boston than in Los Angeles?
Finally Jeanette told us, 'Oh yes, we'll miss all our
Iriends and the Ians here in Los Angeles. Billy is
especially Iond oI the Homeless People`s Institute,
which he visits every week. But we've decided to go
and that's that.
Comprehens|on quest|ons
1. Which event is central to all thr ee articles?
2. Which readers does each article target?
3. What does each article focus on?
4. Which article did you prefer reading? Why?
1.
2.
3.
g. The same news event |s not a|ways r eported |n the same way |n the pr ess. Read the fo||ow|ng
newspaper reports to f|nd out |n wh|ch sect|on of the newspaper they m|ght appear . Then
answer the quest|ons that fo||ow.
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4
Unit
ADVANCED 1
a. Do you remember the |etter that Fe||c|ty wrote to the pres|dent of Grumb|e's Department
Store? The events she descr|bes are g|ven be|ow but they are not |n the order she descr|bed
them. Put them |n the correct order. Use the Exp|ore text on page 107 to he|p you.
a. On September 14
th
, Felicity bought a washing machine at Grumble's Department Stor e and a
few days later, in the middle of September, it was delivered and installed. However, she
couldn't turn it on.
b. Another technician came to Felicity's home to try to figur e out what was wrong and he told
her that she must have the machine r epaired or exchanged for a new one. Felicity pr efers to
replace it.
c. She found a phone number to call in case of pr oblems and had a long conversation with a
technician but it didn't help.
d. lf the washing machine is not r eplaced, Felicity will ask her lawyer to get in touch with the
store and this is her final war ning.
e. After a second phone call to the stor e, Felicity wrote a letter to the appliance depar tment
manager explaining the problem. She has not received a reply to this letter yet.
f. Now it is October 21
st
and Felicity has just finished writing a letter to the pr esident of
Grumble's Department Store. The washing machine has been at her house for six weeks and
still doesn't work. Felicity wants it r eplaced immediately.
b. Match the sentences or phrases from Fe||c|ty's |etter |n sect|on A w|th a sentence or phrase
w|th a s|m||ar mean|ng |n sect|on B.
OOMPLAlNT
A B
1. l'd like to bring to your attention the events of
the past few weeks concer ning a washing
machine that l purchased on September 14
th
from your appliance department."
a. A few days after l paid for it, your men br ought
the washing machine to my home and
connected it to the water pipes and to the
electricity.
2. The machine was delivered and installed
several days later."
b. l read the instruction book again.
3. (lj followed the instructions to the letter."
c. l found the phone number to call on a sticker on
the back of the washing machine.
4. l usually have a head for these things."
d. l was given very careful directions, one after the
other.
5. .l re-read the directions."
e. l want to tell you what has happened with a
washing machine that l bought at your stor e
last month.
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49
4
ADVANCED 1
Unit
c. When Fe||c|ty wr|tes about her wash|ng mach|ne she often uses the Pass|ve V o|ce wh|ch |s
formed by us|ng the verb to be and the th|rd form of the verb. For examp|e: The washing
machine was purchased on the 14th of September at Grumble's Department Store. We are
|nterested |n know|ng when and where the wash|ng mach|ne was bought and not |n know|ng
who bought |t. Wr|te a pass|ve sentence or quest|on fr om the words |n the brackets.
Examples:
The washing machine looks new. (when/it/install)
When was it installed?
What does Felicity want to do with the washing machine? (it/need/replace)
It needs to be replaced.
1. What happened to the washing machine several days after Felicity bought it?
(it/delivered/and/install)
2. What is the problem with the washing machine? (no laundry/do/at Felicity's house/since it
arrived)
3. What has happened to Felicity's letter to the department manager? (it/ignore)
4. How long will Felicity have had the washing machine in her house by the time the pr esident of
Grumble's Department Store receives her letter of complaint? (by the time the President of
Grumble's Department Store receives this letter/it/be in her house for nearly a month and a half.)
A B
6. However, the machine remained idle."
f. l'm not going to write again: you must do
something now!
7. A label on the back of the machine listed a
phone number to call in case of pr oblems."
g. A second man visited my house in or der to find
the reason for the problem with the washing
machine.
8. .a technician. gave me step-by-step
instructions."
h. l am good at doing such things.
9. .another technician came to my home to
try to figure out what was wrong."
i. But the washing machine still did not work.
10. Please consider this a final war ning." j. l did exactly what the book told me to do.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. 8. 9. 10.
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
d. The format of a forma| |etter of comp|a|nt
Match the d|fferent parts or components of a forma| |etter w|th the |nformat|on they conta|n.
Use the |etter on page 107 to he|p you.
a. the body of the letter, the message
b. the complimentary closing or the goodbye"
c. the date of the letter
d. the name and job title of the r ecipient or the
person who receives the letter
e. the recipient's address (where the letter is
being sent toj
f. the salutation or greeting"
g. the sender's address
h. the sender's name or signature
1-
2-
3-
4-
5-
7-
8-
6-
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
e. A |etter of comp|a|nt
You purchased a brand new pr|nter two weeks ago at the Use|ess H| T ech Store, 233
Tennessee Street, Da||as. It has not worked we|| s|nce |t was |nsta||ed. On|y one page |s
pr|nted and then the rema|n|ng pages are rejected. On|y one |anguage |s pr|nted. On|y one
co|or |s ava||ab|e. On|y one font |s used. On|y one s|ze of |etters |s ava||ab|e.
Before you wr|te a |etter of comp|a|nt to the pr es|dent of the store, dec|de wh|ch |anguage,
wh|ch co|or, wh|ch font, and wh|ch s|ze of |etters the pr|nter uses, how many techn|c|ans have
come to he|p you, how many ca||s you have made, who you have spoken to, who you are
wr|t|ng to, etc.
Remember to exp|a|n the prob|em and suggest a so|ut|on. A|so r emember to use the Pass|ve
Vo|ce when you can. Fo||ow the format of the forma| |etter |n d.
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Look at the title? What do you think the article is about?
2. Read the first paragraph. Who is the article intended for?
3. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. What kind of complaints do you think it could
refer to?
4. Read the first sentence of each of the letters r eprinted. What do they have in common?
C|ose Read|ng
1. The writer makes extensive use of r hetorical questions. Write an example of a r hetorical question.
2. ln line 6 the writer uses the wor d but to show contrast. What is the writer contrasting?
3. ln line 8, the writer uses the wor d if to express a condition. What condition does the writer
describe?
4. ln line 11, the writer refers to so much to so many. What does the much refer to and who does the
many refer to?
5. What does a 95% success rate (line 12j refer to?
6. ln the replies to the complaints, the writers use a variety of commonly used polite expr essions.
Write three of these expressions.
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
Youcomp|a|nwewr|te.com
Who are you? Yes, I know you have a name and you can speak English, but who are you? Are you a passenger?
. a shopper? . a driver? . a student? . a passer by? . a homeowner? In all oI these roles you may, or you
will probably need to complain at some time or other. Did the airline company lose your luggage? Did you buy
a Iaulty washing machine? Was your car given a parking ticket when it was in the garage? Did the school give
you too much homework? Did a can oI paint Iall on your head as you were walking under a ladder? Did you
neighbor's cat eat your Iavorite goldIish? You can shout, curse and thump the table, but what would be more
eIIective? Let us help you to write a letter to the people you want to complain to and send a copy to their
'boss. II you answer this question positively, then youcomplainwewrite.com can help you.
Have you ever wanted to complain but didn't have the time or the skills to write an eIIective letter? We have
years oI experience and the correspondence skills to draIt and write letters quickly. 'Your letters, draIted by us,
will attract attention and get answers to your complaints. We can give so much to so many Irustrated people. We
have a 95 success rate in getting people to apologize. Just read a selection oI sentences that are taken Irom
some oI our recently received replies to our letters oI complaint:
Thank you for drawing our attention to the faulty chocolate bar dispensing machine located in your local bus
station. A technician was sent to find out what the problem was and reported that the machine had been
vandalized. I'm sure you will be delighted to hear that a new, better machine with a wider range of chocolate
bars has been installed. Please find enclosed a credit note for a free bar at any one of our dispensing
machines
Your letter has reached me from our Complaints Department and I am truly sorry that you have suffered so
much because of one of our washing machines. I am sending a team of technicians over to your house to replace
all the electrical circuits in order to find out the reason why the machine jumps around when the music plays. In
the meantime, please feel free to do your laundry at my expense at your local laundromat.
We deeply regret our mistake in charging you $2,000 for a T shirt instead of the stated price of $20. We are a
little surprised that our staff did not notice the mistake immediately, but in any case we are happy to offer you
credit to spend the remaining $1,980 at our department store. May I tell you about our new selection of jeans
and the price cut we are offering on socks
1. Which way of complaining does the writer think is mor e effective, thumping tables and making
oaths or writing letters?
2. To whom will the writer's company send a copy of letters they write? Why?
3. Where are the selections taken from?
4. What do the selections have in common?
5. After reading the selections, which letter of complaint do you think had the best r esult? Why?
5
10
15
20
25
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Read these quotat|ons and dec|de |f each one expr esses a comp|a|nt or an apo|ogy.
Comp|a|nt Apo|ogy
1. l can't stand these expensive little boutiques."
2. We deeply regret our mistake."
3. l am truly sorry that ."
4. l tried to call you many times, without success."
5. The washing machine still doesn't work."
6. Please accept our apologies."
b. The peop|e |n the Speak|ng sect|on wer e out shopp|ng. Wr|te f|ve comp|a|nts that you have
about shopp|ng for c|othes, for food, for g|fts, for shoes, and for a car .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
c. Do you remember the express|on from the Speak|ng sect|on, I can't stand these expensive
little boutiques? Read the fo||ow|ng sentences and r ep|ace stand or stand + preposition w|th
the word or words |n the brackets. Make necessary changes.
1. Every woman in the basketball team stands over six feet. (to be)
2. The hospital stands between two roads. (to be located)
3. The decision not to replace Felicity's washing machine stands. (is not to change)
4. l can't stand machines that don't work. (to put up with)
5. l cannot stand aside and let her do it by herself. (to do nothing)
EPENSlvE BOTlQE
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
FTRE PROGRESSlvE
a. Ask quest|ons w|th Will you be + -ing.
1. Your friend is going shopping. You want him/her to buy some washing powder for you at Grumble
Department Store. (you/pass/Grumble's Department Store when you're in town)
?
2. You want your friend to give Felicity a message this evening. (you/see/Felicity this evening)
?
3. You want to use your neighbor's washing machine tomorrow morning.
(you/use/your washing machine tomorrow morning)
?
4. You want to listen to a radio call-in pr ogram when you visit your friend tomorr ow. (you/listen/call-in
program tomorrow evening)
?
5. You want to a specific mechanic to fix your washing machine. (you/work/tomorrow afternoon?)
?
b. Answer the fo||ow|ng quest|ons about how you see yourse|f |n 15 years t|me.
1. Where will you be living 15 years fr om now?
2. Which company will you be working for?
3. What kind of things will you be doing as part of your job?
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. How does the ABC F|nance Bank try to attract new customers?
Do you remember the rad|o ad you ||stened to |n the L|sten|ng sect|on? Read the benef|ts
be|ow and dec|de wh|ch of them the bank ment|ons |n |ts ad. Use the Exp|or e text on page
109 to he|p you.
Mentioned Not mentioned
1. ability to overdraw on checking account
2. a free bank account management service
3. high-quality service
4. double checks everything
5. foreign currency exchange
6. lnternet banking
7. keeping an eye on investments
8. keeping track of records
9. personal care
10. twenty-four-hour telephone service
BSl NE SS ST RAT E Gl E S
AD
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b. The ad opens by ask|ng three quest|ons to attract the ||stener's attent|on. Read them aga|n |n
the Exp|ore text on page 109. Now wr|te down thr ee more quest|ons the bank cou|d have
used |n an ad to attract attent|on.
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
c. Match the verb |n co|umn A w|th the most appr opr|ate noun |n co|umn B. Use the Exp|ore text
on page 109 to he|p you.
A B
1. care about
a. your investments
2. check out
b. you
3. keep an eye on
c. on your account
4. keep track
d. a bank
5. manage
e. of financial records
6. overdraw
f. your bank account
d. Match the |d|oms from the ad w|th the most appr opr|ate p|cture.
Id|oms P|cture
checks bounce
in the long run
keep an eye on
keep track of
take it from me
1. 2.
3.
4.
5.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
Now wr|te down each of the |d|oms |n sentences |||ustrat|ng the|r f|gurat|ve mean|ngs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
e. Comp|ete the text be|ow us|ng the appr opr|ate words from the box.
Bank|ng Today
Doing your banking today is not the same as it used to be. Do you r emember the long lines as you
waited for a teller? Now you can (1j the lines by sending an e-mail to an
lnternet teller for routine banking. There is also a new (2j for account holders
who are seeking advice on which (3j to make; for example, should they
(4j in stocks and shares or in real estate? ln summary, we can say that the
priority for (5j at all modern banks is to guarantee customer
(6j .
avoid - avoidance
invest - investments
manage - management
satisfy - satisfaction
serve - service
f. Read the phrasa| verbs from the ad and the|r def|n|t|ons be|ow. Then p|ace the appropr|ate
phrasa| verb |n the conversat|on that fo||ows. You may need to change the for m of the verb.
cares about
to give attention to someone's needs and requirements
check out
to learn more about something or someone in or der to decide what to do
|nvest |n
to put money into a place which you hope will give you a pr ofit in the long run (futurej
keep an eye on
to pay careful attention to something or someone
keep track of
to pay attention to how something or someone changes over time
take |t from me
to believe something somebody tells you
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g. The sat|sf|ed customer's f|na| words |n the ad were: "As |ong as my money |s at ABC F|nance
Bank, my sav|ngs are secure." Note that the present tense |s used |n the second c|ause. Th|s
|s true of cond|t|ons (if) and t|me express|ons (as soon as, when, as long as). F||| |n the correct
form of the verb |n the sentences be|ow.
1. She'll get high-quality service if she (to openj an account at ABC Finance.
2. Errors, which could cost customers a lot of money, are avoided at the ABC Finance Bank as long
as the bank (to double-checkj everything.
3. You'll learn more about the bank if you (to checkj us out.
4. The bank will keep track of my investments as long as l (to payj a monthly fee.
h. You want to know more about the ABC F|nance Bank.
Wr|te a forma| |etter w|th today's date to:
Mr. Ian Format|on
Manager - Customer Enqu|r|es
ABC F|nance Bank
22 Seas|de Bou|evard
Br|ghton
Un|ted K|ngdom
Te|| h|m that you have a |ot of money to |nvest and ask h|m about the ser v|ces the bank
prov|des, what the fees are, and what happens |f an account |s over drawn. A|so ask for a
meet|ng ear|y next week to d|scuss the |ssues.
Ca||er: Hello, am l speaking to someone at the ABC Finance Bank?
Te||er: Yes, that's right, how can l help you?
Ca||er: Well, you see, l have some money and l'm inter ested in (1j your bank.
Te||er: We here at ABC Finance Bank can help you. Our customers ar e very satisfied with our high-
quality service. Right now, for example, l'm (2j the accounts of twelve
old ladies who can't come to the bank very often. They know that we ar e the bank that
(3j them.
Ca||er: That's all very well, but l want a bank that can give me financial r eports every day. l want a
bank that can (4j my investments in America, in Japan, in Australia, and
in Greenland for the next five years.
Te||er: Well, you don't have to (5j me. l suggest that you come to the bank and
talk to Ms. Monroe in our lnternational lnvestment Department.
Ca||er: l'll do that, l'll certainly be in to (6j the ABC Finance Bank.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
REQEST
a. Do you remember the |etter |n the Read|ng Sect|on? Read the fo||ow|ng statements and
dec|de whether they are true or fa|se. Use the Exp|ore text on pages 109, 110 to he|p you.
1. Kara Moore and Mr. Morgenthal have never met each other. /
2. By February, Ms. Moore will become the manager of marketing. /
3. The magazine will target young people. /
4. Ms. Moore has included a bill with her letter. /
5. Ms. Moore suggests that Mr. Morgenthat advertise shoes. /
6. Ms. Moore insists that Mr. Morgenthal reply quickly. /
b. Mr. Morgentha| and Ms. Moore had a phone conversat|on the fo||ow| ng day. Who do you th|nk
m|ght have sa|d the fo||ow|ng th|ngs, Ms. Moor e or Mr. Morgentha|? Use the Exp|ore text on
pages 109, 110 to he|p you.
Ms. Moore Mr. Morgenthal
1. l'd like to talk to you about your ideas described in
your letter of January 20th."
2. May l ask you what you think of my ideas?"
3. l think your idea to create a new high-quality youth
magazine with an environmental theme is a very good
one as we also care about the environment and only
make our shoes from natural materials."
4. First of all, congratulations on your pr omotion to
head of the publications office."
5. Thank you, l'm very grateful for your support and
advice when we last met."
6. l've read your outline of the first pr oposed issue and
we might be interested in advertising in the magazine,
but that would depend on the cost."
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c. Match the sentences |n co|umn A that ar e taken from the Exp|ore text on pages 109, 110 to
sentences w|th a s|m||ar mean|ng |n co|umn B.
A B
1. lt has been some time since we wer e in contact. a. The company appreciated my yearly report on
publications.
2. l hope that all is well with you. b. lt will be quite easy to get mor e young people
interested in the environment because the
topic is often in the news.
3. My annual presentation to the organization
seems to have been well received.
c. My plan is to focus on young people and try to
get their attention on issues related to the
environment.
4. . and by next month l will be managing the
whole publications office.
d. l hope to have a good name because of the
high quality of the magazine and not just
because it focuses on environmental issues.
5. One of my primary objectives for next year is to
focus on reaching out to youth and getting them
interested in environmental issues.
e. We haven't spoken for a while.
6. Now that the environment has become a hot
news topic, that should not be too dif ficult.
f. Soon l will be in charge of all the magazines
we produce.
7. l would like the magazine to be known for its
quality rather than its environmental subject
matter.
g. l'd like you to think about my suggestion and
call me when you have made a decision.
8. Please take time to think the idea over, and then
let me know what you decide.
h. l hope you are feeling well.
d. Match the word |n co|umn A w|th |ts wor d "partner" |n co|umn B. Use the Exp|or e text on
pages 109, 110 to he|p you.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. 8.
A B
1. to appeal to a. a project
2. to create b. an office
3. to manage c. a product
4. to reach out to d. a magazine
5. to sell e. youth
6. to support f. university students
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
e. Do you remember how Ms. Moore tr|es to conv|nce Mr. Morgentha| to agree to advert|se |n
the new pub||cat|on? Use the Exp|ore text on pages 109, 110 to he|p you to answer these
quest|ons. C|rc|e the correct answer.
1. Ms. Moore begins her letter with:
a. a business proposal
b. a description of her plans
c. a friendly note, her latest news and a thank you
d. a satisfied customer's opinion
2. In the second paragraph of the letter, Ms. Moore:
a. gives an outline of her targets for next month
b. gives an outline of her targets for the coming year
c. says Thank you" again
d. makes a business suggestion
3. In the fourth paragraph of the letter, Ms. Moore:
a. makes an offer
b. describes the quality of the magazine
c. offers to give money to Mr. Morgenthal
d. offers to buy some shoes
4. Ms. Moore finishes her letter with:
a. a joke
b. a thank you
c. a request
d. a final warning
5. The salutation is:
a. very formal
b. very informal
c. friendly but formal
d. formal but unfriendly
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f. Ms. Moore makes a proposa| |n her |etter. Use the Exp|ore text on pages 109, 110 to he|p you to
answer these quest|ons.
1. When we make a proposal we often use expressions such as I thought that you might be interested,
this could be a good way, this might solve your problems. What tense are these expressions in?
2. ln English, people usually do not want to use language that is boastful. Ms. Moor e writes that her
presentation seems to have been well r eceived. What expression indicates that she is modest?
3. When making a proposal, it is always a good idea to give the buyer or investor a good r eason and
explanation to invest his or her money. What words does Ms. Moore use:
to give a reason?
to give an explanation?
4. Another way to achieve a positive r esponse to an offer is not to put pressure on the investor. How
does Ms. Moore do that?
g. P|an and wr|te a bus|ness proposa| to:
Mr. R. E. Luctant, Ch|ef Execut|ve of Po|ar Ice-Cr eam
1 Frozen Avenue
Copenhagen
When you |ast met h|m, he gave you some adv|ce on how to se|| |ce-cr eam. Now you want h|m to
advert|se |n your new pub||cat|on, "A Sweet Tooth". Use the Exp|ore text on pages 109, 110 as a
mode|. There shou|d be three ma|n paragraphs.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Mark wh|ch of the fo||ow|ng statements ask for feedback and wh|ch g|ve feedback.
MARKETlNG STRATEGY
Ask for feedback G|ve feedback
1. What do you think of my new marketing strategy?
2. Well, l tend to feel that we must also tar get middle-
aged women in this campaign.
3. ln my opinion, more market research is needed.
4. Could l ask you where you stand on using focus
groups?
5. l would suggest that we target the over 50s age
group.
6. We'd be interested to hear your views on the new
advertising campaign.
b. The Four P's of Market|ng
Do you remember the conversat|on |n the Speak|ng Sect|on between two peop|e who work |n
market|ng? They both know about the four market|ng key wor ds wh|ch a|| beg|n w|th the
|etter "P". These words are g|ven |n the box be|ow. Match each one w|th an appr opr|ate
def|n|t|on.
Place Price Product Promotion
1. : machines, clothes, food or ser vices
2. : the cost of the product
3. : often called distribution or how the pr oducts get to the market
4. : gets people interested in the product or service, like the ABC Finance
Bank ad in the Listening section
Wh|ch of the Four P's does the conversat|on |n the Speak|ng Sect|on |nvo|ve?
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Look at the title. Who do you think the article is written for?
2. Read the first paragraph. What do you think the purpose of this paragraph is?
3. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. What advice does the writer give?
4. Read the first sentence of the thir d paragraph. How many categories does the writer focus on?
5. Read the first sentence of the fourth paragraph. What specific issue does the writer focus on?
C|ose Read|ng
1. The writer uses the word but in the first sentence to show contrast. What does the writer contrast?
2. The word when (line 2j is used to describe a necessary condition. What condition needs to be met for
a marketing budget to be ef fective?
3. The abbreviation i.e. signals that the writer will give an example. What does the writer give an
example of?
4. ln line 9, the writer explains a connection between two elements using the expression The more
the better. What two things does the writer compar e?
5. ln line 13, the writer uses the wor d if twice in order to describe two conditions. What ar e the two
conditions?
What advice does the writer give?
6. Read the four categories. ln which one would you classify:
a. the number of people in a certain ar ea
b. what customers think about a pr oduct or a service
c. the salaries customers ear n
d. how often a customer uses the same service or buys the same pr oduct
e. where customers get their information about pr oducts and services
7. ln line 24, the writer uses the wor ds critical to in order to describe an important link between two
issues. What are the two issues?
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
Finding Your Customers
Everybody talks about target markets and taking aim, but not everybody does it. Target marketing is the only
eIIective way to optimize marketing resources. Your marketing budget is going to be most eIIective when it
reaches your selected target market. When we look at the big picture and sort through the marketing jargon,
the beneIit oI target marketing is simple eIIiciency. Solid target marketing is a method oI reaching your
customers more eIIiciently. Target marketing is a better use oI your most valuable resources, i.e., time and
money, to generate additional revenue. It is as straightIorward as that. Now, let`s talk more about how to get
there.
Your goal is to acquire as much inIormation as you can about your existing or prospective customers. The
more you know about your customers, the better you will be able to make decisions that will enhance your
ability to communicate and connect with them. Who do you consider will beneIit the most Irom your products
and services? Think oI the people and their most common characteristics and attributes. One oI the best ways
to identiIy your target market is to look at your existing customer base. Who are your ideal clients? What do
they have in common? II you do not have an existing customer base, or iI you are targeting a completely new
audience, speculate on who they might be, based on their needs and the beneIits they will receive. Investigate
competitors or similar businesses in other markets to gain insight.
While you collect inIormation, use these Iour category areas to identiIy and deIine your target market:
1. Geographics: The location, size oI the area, density, and climate zone oI your customers.
2. Demographics: The age, gender, income, Iamily composition and size, occupation, and education oI
your customers.
3. Psychographics: The general personality, behavior, liIe-style, rate oI use, repetition oI need, beneIits
sought, and loyalty characteristics oI your customers.
4. Behaviors: The needs your customers seek to IulIill, their level oI knowledge, inIormation sources,
attitude, use, or response to a product.
One oI the marketing Iundamentals is Iocusing on beneIits. This perspective is critical to target marketing.
Establishing an intimate understanding oI the needs oI your target market is critical. How will your customer
proIit or otherwise gain Irom using your products or services? Meeting this need is one oI the most convincing
points Ior sales to be made, cash to Ilow, and proIits to result. You must seek to quantiIy the value oI oIIering
a solution to this need. You may be able to do this by asking these questions about your products and services:
How much can it save your customer?
How much can it earn Ior your customer?
What intangible beneIits might customers realize, and is it possible to quantiIy these beneIits?
1. According to the text, when is a marketing budget most effective?
2. What is the most important goal in marketing?
3. What is the best way to identify a target market?
4. What does the writer suggest to companies that do not have an existing customer base?
5
10
15
20
25
30
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Unit
ADVANCED 1
Mr. Johnson has asked for a r eport on a r|va| advert|s|ng agency. Comp|ete the report sent by a
profess|ona| corporate research company by us|ng the most appropr|ate express|ons from the
boxes be|ow.
PERFEOT
appears to have won
believed to have been approached by
known to have recruited
seems to have recovered from
thought to have invested in
Client: J. E. Alous Advertising Agency
Target company: B.E.Tter Advertising Agency
Information Sources: Company house, balance sheets, promotional material,
confidential interviews with ex-employees.
Dear Mr. Johnson,
Please find our full report attached.
A summary of our findings is as follows:
The B.E.Tter Advertising Agency (1) its poor
performance last year and (2) several top
advertising tenders for contracts with soft-drink manufacturers.
They are (3)
a well-respected marketing guru to work part-time for them as a consultant. In
addition, they are (4) new computer software
which predicts market trends. Finally, they are (5)
the government with a contract to run next years government-sponsored
nationwide anti-smoking advertising campaign.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the conversat|on between Cathy and Car|os |n the L|sten|ng sect|on?
Mark the sentences true or fa|se . Wr|te the sentence or phrase from the Exp|ore
text on page 111 that g|ves you the answer.
1. Both Cathy and Carlos meet at a university. /
2. Cathy likes to talk to strangers. /
3. Carlos is impressed that Cathy is interested in Mexico. /
4. Cathy is surprised at how good Carlos's English is. /
5. Carlos thinks it's important to learn the language of a country you want to visit and stay in
for a while. /
6. Only a few people in the U.S. imagine that all Mexicans wear large hats. /
OOMMNlOATlON
SOAP OPERA
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7. Carlos explains why he is upset. /
8. Cathy doesn't apologize. /
9. Carlos doesn't want to go to Cathy for dinner. /
b. Use the Exp|ore text on page 111 to he|p you answer these quest|ons.
1. ln which country does Cathy live?
2. What is her motivation for speaking to Carlos?
3. Who begins the conversation and in which language?
4. Who gets offended during the conversation and why?
5. What do you think will happen in the next episode of Ups and Downs"?
c. What express|ons does Cathy use to perform the funct|ons ||sted be|ow? Use the Exp|ore text
on page 111 to he|p you answer these quest|ons.
What express|on does Cathy use to:
1. introduce herself?
2. tell Carlos her name?
3. compliment Carlos?
4. ask for help with her Spanish?
5. apologize?
6. invite?
d. Read a conversat|on Car|os had w|th h|s Mex|can fr|end. Read h|s answers and wr|te what h|s
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Unit
fr|end asked h|m.
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: Oh, she is an American who studies her e and who is very interested in Mexico.
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: English, of course. You know l'm practically bilingual.
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: l'm not sure, but she would like me to help her impr ove her Spanish.
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: Well, we talked about sombreros. She called them great Mexican hats" and she thought
we wear them all the time.
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: How do you expect l reacted? That is a big generalization. l mean when was the last time
you wore one?
Fr|end: ?
Car|os: Actually, l am going to see her again. l've been invited to dinner .
e. Match the words |n co|umn A w|th the most appr opr|ate word 'partner' co|umn B. Use the
Exp|ore text on page 111 to he|p you.
A B
1. American a. account
2. as a b. offense
3. fall c. in
4. to take d. hospitality
5. to take into e. rule
6. to fit f. in love
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Carlos: ?
Cathy:
A few minutes later in the kitchen.
Cathy: ?
Carlos:
Cathy: ?
Carlos:
Cathy: ?
Carlos:
(CRASH)
Cathy: !
Carlos:
Cathy:
Carlos: ?
Cathy: .
At Cathys apartment. She and Carlos are finishing the
dinner and Carlos thanks Cathy for her hospitality. He
offers to help her with the washing up and they go to the
kitchen and start cleaning up. They talk about Mexico, the
weather, the people and the culture, but suddenly he breaks
one of Cathys glass bowls, the one her grandmother gave
her. Cathy is very upset and Carlos tries to be
sympathetic. However, Cathy asks him to leave. Carlos
leaves and tells her hed like to see her again. Cathy doesnt
say No but she doesnt say Yes either.
f. The fo||ow|ng |s the synops|s of next week' s ep|sode of "Ups and Downs". Read |t car efu||y
and then wr|te the scr|pt.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the |etter from the Read|ng sect|on?
Put the fo||ow|ng events |n the corr ect order. Use the Exp|ore text on page 112 to he|p you.
a. A big basket of fruit and a note saying Practice your Portuguese!" was delivered to Bill.
b. Bill arrived in Portugal six months ago.
c. Bill asked his friend to find out what had upset his hosts.
d. His hosts stopped speaking in surprise and shock.
e. Bill didn't eat anything at home before the meal.
f. He learned a few Portuguese words by heart just before he left for the dinner.
g. The hosts served roast beef.
h. He tried to explain that he was a vegetarian and didn' t eat meat.
i. lt turned out that there was a misunderstanding because of Bill's poor Portuguese.
j. Bill was invited for dinner to the home of a local family .
PERSONAL
A B
1. bi.
a. appropriate
b. complete
c. correct
d. hospitable
e. interested
f. lingual
g. offensive
h. understanding
2. in.
3. un.
4. mis.
b. Match the pref|xes |n co|umn A w|th the appr opr|ate
word or words |n co|umn B.
A B
1. to express a. across
2. to get by b. of something
3. to get a message c. in a language
4. to keep d. down an offer
5. to make e. in touch
6. to speak f. headway
7. to take advantage g. like a native
8. to turn h. yourself
c. Match the words from co|umn A
w|th the words from co|umn B to
form an express|on. Use the Exp|ore
text on page 112 to he|p you.
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ADVANCED 1
d. Now use the express|ons from c. to comp|ete what three fore|gn |anguage students |n
Sweden are te|||ng each other. Change the form of the expr ess|ons |f necessary.
B|||: How good is your Swedish?
E|a|ne: l know enough (1j . l can go shopping and ask the policeman for the
time and directions. What about you, Carlos, how well can you (2j in
Swedish, with all the difficult pronunciation?
Car|os: Well, l can usually (3j my message . And you, Bill,
do you (4j Swedish ?
B|||: Not at all, but l think l (5j . When l arrived here l
couldn't speak a word but now l know much mor e.
E|a|ne: Really, well, why don't we speak Swedish now?
B|||: Usually l like to (6j every opportunity to
practice Swedish, but l have to go now.
Car|os: Unfortunately, l must also (7j the chance to practice
Swedish. l have a date.
E|a|ne: OK guys, but we should meet to speak Swedish, so (8j .
l'll send all of you SMS messages early next week, in Swedish!
e. E|a|ne's rep|y
After E|a|ne rece|ved B|||'s |etter she wrote a rep|y. Use these po|nts to he|p you wr|te E|a|ne' s
rep|y. Remember the |etter shou|d be |nforma| and fr|end|y.
Thank Bill for keeping in touch.
React to the story.
Tell him about a language course you ar e taking.
Give information about how long you have been studying, how much headway you have made,
and how you are getting on.
Tell an anecdote about a misunderstanding you had in the for eign language you are studying.
End with a friendly message.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the frustrat|ng te|ephone conversat|on |n the Speak|ng sect|on?
What do you know about the ca||er? Use the Exp|ore text on page 112 to he|p you
answer these quest|ons.
1. ls the caller a man or a woman?
2. Who is the caller trying to get hold of?
3. How many times does the caller make the same request?
4. How does she make the request with slightly different language? Write down the different
expressions.
5. Does the caller's language get more or less formal as the conversation goes on?
6. What do you think the caller will do? Will the caller call again? What would you do in a similar
situation?
PLEASE SPEAK P
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b. Read the fo||ow|ng s|tuat|ons and dec|de wh|ch expr ess|ons of ask|ng peop|e to repeat what
they have just sa|d you cou|d use |n each s|tuat|on.
S|tuat|on:
1. You are speaking to a Chief Executive of an international company.
2. You are speaking to your best friend.
3. You are speaking to your young child.
4. You are speaking to a customer.
5. You are speaking to a salesperson.
Ask|ng peop|e to repeat what they have just sa|d:
a. l've told you before. You'll have to speak more loudly if you want people to hear you.
b. l'm afraid l can hardly make out what you are trying to tell me; please speak mor e slowly.
c. l beg your pardon, sir. Could you repeat that?
d. Speak up! l can't hear you!
e. l'm sorry, what exactly did you ask me?
Situations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
c. Comp|ete the te|ephone conversat|on w|th an awfu| connect|on between a ca||er and an
off|ce recept|on|st.
Ca||er: l was wondering if Ms. Moore is in her office?
Recept|on|st: (ask the caller to repeat his request)
?
Ca||er: (repeat your question more informally)
?
Recept|on|st: (ask the caller to speak up, politely)
?
Ca||er: (tell the receptionist that you cant speak any louder and repeat your request very
informally)
?
Recept|on|st: (explain that the connection is awful and suggest that the caller tries again)
?
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6
ADVANCED 1
Unit
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Look at the title. Who are the people that you think the writer is tar geting?
What kind of advice do you think the writer will give these people?
2. Read the first sentence of the first paragraph. How does it support your first idea?
3. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. What wor d does the writer use instead of
practicing?
4. How many ways does the writer suggest to practice using a new language?
C|ose Read|ng
1. ln line 1, the writer uses the wor d by to explain how to do something. What is the writer' s
suggestion?
2. ln line 3, the writer uses the wor d like to make a comparison. Which comparison does the writer
make?
3. What or who does the word they in line 5 refer to?
4. ln lines 8 and 9, the writer uses commas to make a list. What does this list refer to?
5. The writer uses the word fix in line 13. What is the meaning of the wor d in this context?
6. The writer uses the word so in line 16 to give a consequence. What is the consequence?
7. The writer uses the expression so forth in line 26 in order to represent other things of the type that
was already mentioned. What category of things has been mentioned?
8. The writer uses the word but in line 27 to show contrast. What does the writer contrast?
9. The writer uses the word so in line 31 to give a consequence. What is the consequence?
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ADVANCED 1
The Ideal Language Student
No matter what method you choose to learn a language, you can maximize your results by
Iollowing a Iew general guidelines. The most important thing is to take every opportunity to
practice and reinIorce what you are learning. Like piano playing and ice-skating, language
learning requires constant practice. Almost no one can learn vocabulary words or grammar
rules by looking at them. They must be practiced again and again and used in conversation
to convince the brain that they are important and worth keeping.
ReinIorcing the same material in a number oI diIIerent ways is especially eIIective. In a
language class, you will probably read a textbook, listen to your teacher, complete some
writing exercises, and do some speaking. There are also other ways you might consider to
reinIorce the material that you are learning:
Reading aloud to yourselI, a partner, or a tape recorder.
Recording your teacher in class (with permission) and using the tape Ior extra practice.
Copying text passages and lists oI vocabulary words to help Iix them in your memory.
Testing yourselI with Ilash cards.
Making use oI spare moments by carrying a textbook or small notebook with you
wherever you go, so that you can practice vocabulary or memorize dialogues.
Posting notes, poems, or sayings with vocabulary words around your home. Especially iI
everyone in the household is learning the language, it can be Iun to label things.
Thinking up associations. It`s easy to remember the Czech word Ior hello (ahoy) iI you
think oI sailors greeting each other. Ask your teacher about associations other students
have used, or make up your own.
Using physical props. Get creative about using props to help you learn vocabulary. Using
senses such as touch and taste will help Iix the words in your memory. For example, you
might touch something cold and say the word Ior that sensation in your new language.
Consider using props to help you learn the names oI colors, Ioods, articles oI clothing,
and so Iorth.
Keeping a diary. Start a diary in the Ioreign language, but don`t be too ambitious. Slowly
your new language skills will allow you to write more complex ideas. This is also a good
way to evaluate your progress and see how much headway you are making.
Recording Ioreign language songs. It`s usually not too diIIicult to Iind the lyrics and a
translation, but the important thing is to sing along and so practice your pronunciation. We
suggest you start this exercise while taking a shower!
Using language soItware on a computer. These days more and more options exist to
practice your new language skills with the assistance oI a computer program. You can
reinIorce both reading and listening skills using these programs.
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Unit
1. What is the writer's advice to language students?
2. List the ways of reinforcing mentioned in the bullets that can be done ef fectively on your own.
3. List the ways of reinforcing mentioned in the bullets that depend on the cooperation of others to be
effective.
4. Do you agree with the writer that only a very few people can r emember foreign language words by
looking at them? How do you r emember new vocabulary yourself?
5. Choose three ways you think are the most effective in terms of language acquisition and explain the
reasons for your choices.
REvlEW
a. Comp|ete the fo||ow|ng sentences us|ng phrasa| verbs fr om the box be|ow. You may need to
change the|r form.
hand in pay back set up take of f turn on try out
1. Why don't we the new approach to cross-cultural training?
2. Do l need to my hat when l visit the chur ch?
3. We will need the services of a local company with local expertise before we decide to
a factory abroad.
4. Where must l my application for a visa to visit Albania?
5. We the lights early during the winter months.
6. Will the international debtors the money?
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b. Wh|ch word does not be|ong? C|rc|e the word |n each ||ne wh|ch cannot fo||ow the phrasa|
verb g|ven at the beg|nn|ng of the ||ne.
1. back up: a friend an enemy a colleague a brother
2. b|ow out: a candle a small fire a hurricane a match
3. break off: a holiday a piece of chocolate negotiations an engagement
4. carry out: a task a military strike a medical operation a factory
5. c|ear up: a mess the dirty dishes money the yard
6. |ook up: a word a telephone number a meal an old friend
c. Choose a phrasa| verb to comp|ete the fo||ow|ng sentences.
1. After many years of inter national negotiations, all the countries agreed to work together in order
to (eliminatej the deadly virus. Unfortunately, they haven't been able to
(discoverj a way to do it.
2. Parents who adopt children from another country need more help to (raise
and educatej them .
3. We may have to (cancelj the event. Our guests from Mexico didn't arrive.
4. The Portuguese visitors us (disappointj because they
couldn't come for dinner.
5. Did you (completej the form for your visa?
d. F||| |n the m|ss|ng phrasa| verb.
When are you going to
smoking?
How do you say, Please
your radio in Danish?
In this country, who
the bill?
1.
2.
3.
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7
ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the conversat|on between Bobby and h|s doctor |n the L|sten|ng sect|on?
Read the Exp|ore text on page 113 |n or der to dec|de |f the fo||ow|ng assumpt|ons about
Bobby, Em||y and the doctor are ||ke|y or not ||ke|y.
Likely Not likely
1. Bobby and Emily have known each other for many years.
2. The doctor has had no idea about Bobby' s feelings towards Emily.
3. The doctor has known both Bobby and Emily for a long time.
4. Emily is a young woman now.
5. Emily hasn't made her feelings towards Bobby clear.
6. Bobby will live a long and healthy life.
MEDl OAL l SSES
ROMANOE
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b. Comp|ete the fo||ow|ng sentences from the text.
1. l always have .
2. l know she (doesj .
3. She won't allow herself to .
c. Who says what about Em||y? How do they expr ess themse|ves? Use the Exp|ore text on page
113 to he|p you.
1. He declares his undying love. Bobby / the Doctor
"
2. He explains her reluctance to admit her true feelings. Bobby / the Doctor
"
3. He offers another explanation. Bobby / the Doctor
"
4. He makes a strong commitment. Bobby / the Doctor
"
5. He expresses some words of caution. Bobby / the Doctor
"
d. Read the scr|ptwr|ter's notes. Wr|te the next ep|sode of the soap opera.
Bobby calls Emily and they agree to meet at a restaurant.
Bobby tells Emily about how his friendship for her turned into love.
Emily is surprised and upset that Bobby assumed that she would learn
to love him.
Bobby is upset and pleads with Emily to give him a chance to show how
much he loves her.
Emily is angry and asks Bobby to leave.
Bobby admits that he has a short time to live and needs her by his side.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the text from the Read|ng sect|on? Answer the fo||ow|ng quest|ons. Use the
Exp|ore text on pages 113-114 to he|p you.
1. What attitude does the writer express toward the medical profession in the first paragraph?
2. How does the writer explain the pr oblem of modern Western medicine in the second paragraph?
3. Which two reasons does the writer give to explain why people in the W est are attracted to alternative
medicine in the third paragraph?
4. Which third reason does the writer add in the fourth paragraph?
5. Which reason does the writer give to explain why all medical tr eatment can be risky in the final
paragraph?
6. With which message does the writer finish the article?
b. Match the words |n co|umn A w|th the|r most appr opr|ate "partner" |n co|umn B. Use the Exp|or e
text on pages 113- 114 to he|p you.
A B
1. a second a. faith
2. bedside b. healers
3. blind c. manner
4. common d. opinion
5. dangerous e. sense
6. natural f. treatments
OOMMON SENSE, NOT BLlND FAlTH
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c. Read a debate between a convent|ona| Western doctor and a natura| hea|er. Comp|ete the
d|a|ogue w|th words and express|ons from b.
Dr. Robert: (a conventional Western doctor): Mr. Lee, you and your fellow (1j
cannot possibly offer all the medical treatments that we can.
Tony Lee: (a healer): Dr. Robert, some of those are considered to be (2j ,
such as surgery and cancer treatment.
Dr. Robert: Mr. Lee, l believe that whereas we have scientific evidence to support our tr eatments,
you rely more on people having (3j in yours.
Mr. Lee: Actually, Dr. Robert, l prefer to think that my patients ar e using their
(4j when they choose a treatment of massage and a
change of diet over a treatment of drugs with bad side-ef fects.
Dr. Robert: lf one of my patients has any doubts about a tr eatment l have recommended, he or
she can always ask another doctor for a (5j .
Mr. Lee: That is true with us, too, but l believe we ar e better than conventional doctors in one
important aspect.
Dr. Robert: l can't imagine what that could be.
Mr. Lee: According to research, 7 out of 10 sick people pr efer to be visited by a natural healer
to a doctor. We have a much better (6j .
Dr. Robert: l believe we'll just have to agr ee to disagree.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Read the title. What information do you expect to find in the article?
2. Read the first sentence of the first paragraph. What is the writer' s purpose?
3. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. What is the purpose of asking a question?
Do you expect the writer to answer the question?
4. Read the first sentence of the thir d paragraph. What will the writer discuss in this paragraph?
5. The text continues by referring to four general types of alter native medicine. What are
they?
C|ose Read|ng
1. The marker While in line 3 signals that the writer wants to emphasize the dif ference between two
situations. What are the two things the writer contrasts?
2. What does the abbreviation CAM" in line 3 refer to?
3. ln line 5, the writer uses the expr ession such as to give examples. What does the writer give
examples of?
4. The writer uses the expression in place of in line 10. What other expression in the paragraph means
the same thing?
5. The writer uses the words apart from and earlier than in lines 14 and 15 to compar e two separate
things. What does the writer compar e?
6. ln the fourth paragraph, the writer uses commas to pr ovide a list. What does the writer list?
7. ln line 32, the writer uses the wor d purportedly to express doubt. What does he express doubt
about?
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ADVANCED 1
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know
About Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Complementary and alternative medicine, as deIined by NCCAM, is a group oI diverse medical and
health care systems, practices and products that are not presently considered to be part oI conventional
medicine. While some scientiIic evidence exists regarding some CAM therapies, Ior the most part
there are key questions that are yet to be answered through well-designed scientiIic studies
questions such as whether these therapies are saIe and whether they work Ior the diseases or medical
conditions Ior which they are used.
Are complementary medicine and alternative medicine diIIerent Irom each other? Yes.
Complementary medicine is used together with conventional medicine. An example oI a
complementary therapy is using aromatherapy to help lessen a patient`s discomIort Iollowing surgery.
Alternative medicine is used in place oI conventional medicine. An example oI an alternative therapy
is using a special diet to treat cancer instead oI undergoing surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy that has
been recommended by a conventional doctor.
What are the major types oI complementary and alternative medicine? Alternative medical systems
are built upon complete systems oI theory and practice. OIten, these systems have evolved apart Irom
and earlier than the conventional medical approach used in the United States. Examples oI alternative
medical systems that have developed in Western cultures include homeopathic medicine and
naturopathic medicine. Examples oI systems that have developed in non-Western cultures include
traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda.
Mind-body medicine uses a variety oI techniques designed to enhance the mind`s capacity to aIIect
bodily Iunctions and symptoms. Some techniques that were considered CAM in the past have become
mainstream (Ior example, patient support groups and cognitive-behavioral therapy). Other mind-body
techniques are still considered CAM, including meditation, prayer, mental healing, and therapies that
use creative outlets such as art, music or dance.
Biologically-based therapies in CAM use substances Iound in nature such as herbs, Ioods, and
vitamins. Some examples include dietary supplements, herbal products, and the use oI other so-called
natural but as yet scientiIically unproven therapies (Ior example, using shark cartilage to treat cancer).
Manipulative and body-based methods in CAM are based on manipulation and/or movement oI one or
more parts oI the body. Some examples include chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation, and
massage.
Energy therapies involve the use oI energy Iields. They are oI two types:
Biofield therapies are intended to aIIect energy Iields that purportedly surround and penetrate the
human body. The existence oI such Iields has not yet been scientiIically proven. Some Iorms oI
energy therapy manipulate bioIields by applying pressure and/or manipulating the body by placing
the hands in, or through, these Iields. Examples include Qi gong, Reiki, and Therapeutic Touch.
Bioelectromagnetic-based therapies involve the unconventional use oI electromagnetic Iields,
such as pulsed Iields, magnetic Iields, or alternating-current or direct-current Iields.
E-mail: inIonccam.nih.gov
Web site: nccam.nih.gov
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Unit
1. Write a definition of complementary and alter native medicine.
2. How much scientific evidence exists r egarding complementary and alternative medicine?
3. What is the difference between complementary and alter native medicines?
4. Which examples of alter native medicine have become mainstream?
Which haven't?
5. List four types of mind-body techniques.
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ADVANCED 1
a. Do you remember the d|a|ogue "Barbeque Burns" |n the Speak|ng sect|on? Use the Exp|ore
text on page 114 to f|nd phrases that:
give advice:
give an excuse:
b. Read the sentences about med|ca| adv|ce and the pat|ent' s response. Dec|de wh|ch each
person |s express|ng. Mark the correct co|umn.
G|v|ng adv|ce G|v|ng an excuse
1. lf l were you, l'd avoid lifting heavy weights.
2. l guess l was in the wr ong place at the wrong time.
3. l can't believe it happened to me.
4. We believe you should give up smoking.
5. Wouldn't it be a good idea to take it easy?
6. This has never happened to me befor e.
c. Wr|te a d|a|ogue |n wh|ch you tr y to g|ve an excuse after an acc|dent and a hosp|ta| doctor
g|ves you adv|ce. Use the words from b. to he|p you.
Hosp|ta| doctor: You'll be pleased to hear that you will r ecover quickly.
You:
Hosp|ta| doctor:
You:
Hosp|ta| doctor: ?
You: Yes, doctor, yes l will.
d. Ro|e-p|ay th|s d|a|ogue w|th a partner.
BARBEQE BRNS
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
a. Do you remember the |nf|n|t|ves |n the Grammar sect|on? Match the p|ctures w|th the most
appropr|ate sentence.
1. He appears to have disappeared again.
2. The head of the department doesn' t like to be called at home in the middle of the night.
3. The operation is reported to have been a complete success.
4. Be serious, dude! That drug is not believed to have had any serious side effects in the past!
REVIEW
a.
b.
c.
d.
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b. Match the stems |n co|umn A w|th the most appror|ate end|ng |n co|umn B.
c. Read the fo||ow|ng s|tuat|ons. Comp|ete the sentences us|ng the |nf|n|t|ve construct|ons |n
b.
1. The patients are refusing to take their medicine today.
They reached this decision because the medicine has an awful taste.
2. The nurses in the maternity ward always look more tired than the others.
They the hardest working nurses in the hospital.
3. The young doctors work very long hours at the hospital.
For example, some of them
more than sixty hours last week.
4. Patients who are recovering from surgery respond well to a good bedside manner.
They told everything about the operation and how soon they will
be able to leave the hospital.
A B
1. The patient seems to be angry about. a. .given presents by grateful patients.
2. The acupuncturist appears to have for gotten to. b. .opened a new ward for eating disorders.
3. The nurses love to be. c. .the doctor's poor bedside manner.
4. Drastic surgery is considered to be. d. .become more acceptable these days.
5. The hospital is reported to have. e. .sterilize the needles.
6. Alternative medicine appears to have. f. .dangerous treatment.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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ADVANCED 1
Unit
HOW SMART ARE YO?
QlZ
a. Do you remember the qu|z program from the L|sten|ng sect|on? Answer the fo||ow|ng
quest|ons about the program. Use the Exp|ore text on page 115 to he|p you.
1. How does the title of the quiz pr ogram reflect the kinds of questions asked?
2. How does the quizmaster ask the questions? Write the question words.
3. Which questions did you know the answers to?
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b. After the program, Jason and Rache| shared the|r exper|ence. Comp|ete the conversat|on w|th
appropr|ate words and phrases from the box be|ow.
animals energy population recycling rules space turn winner
Rache|: So tell me, Jason, how do you feel about the pr ogram?
Jason: Well, when Paula assumed that we both knew the (1j at the
beginning of the program, she wasn't entirely correct.
Rache|: What do you mean? Your only mistake was when you said experiments on
(2j instead of lasers. ln fact, weren't you the (3j last
week?
Jason: That was my identical twin brother. He said it was my (4j this week.
Rache|: Really? l didn't know you had a twin br other. You really did well on the program. You
answered questions about solar (5j and about (6j
garbage correctly.
Jason: And l knew the answers to your questions about outer (7j and the
country with the largest (8j too.
Rache|: So what are you complaining about?
Jason: My brother did better than l did and he'll never let me for get it.
c. Wr|te a qu|z. In the next pr ogram of "Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow," Pau|a asked more qu|z
quest|ons. Wr|te f|ve quest|ons that cou|d be used |n the pr ogram. Have your c|assmates try
and answer them.
a. What can we assume about Mar|na, Mrs. Smythe, her parents, and her c|assmates?
Read the Exp|ore text on pages 115-116 |n or der to comp|ete th|s tab|e by choos|ng the
appropr|ate person/peop|e for each assumpt|on.
Assumpt|on Person/Peop|e
1. They are very grateful for her help in the classr oom.
2. They left Russia less than two years ago.
3. She likes to help people.
4. She believes the new immigrant students will lear n English quickly.
5. They don't know English as well as their daughter does.
STARTlNG YONG
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b. How do the teacher and the |anguage spec|a||st expr ess the|r thoughts?
Read the Exp|ore text on pages 115-116 |n or der to f|nd the appropr|ate express|ons and
sentences.
1. How does Mrs. Smythe know which language is Marina' s mother tongue?
2. How does she compliment Marina's English?
3. How does she make a prediction?
4. How does Dr. Davis describe young children's language abilities?
5. How does she generalize the point?
c. C|rc|e the word that does not co||ocate w|th the verbs |n bo|d.
1. jo|n a class a group a decision a company
2. trans|ate a telephone schoolwork a document a language
3. pronounce a sentence words a fact a name
4. s|gn up customers kids contestants papers
5. pract|ce speaking English specialist writing
d. Wr|te the copy for an ad. Look at the |nformat|on |n the Exp|ore text on pages 115-116 and f|||
|n the d|g|ta| board advert|s|ng The H|gg|ns Language Inst|tute.
The Higgins Language Institute
There are currently seven Higgins Language Schools (1)
and by this time next year there will be (2) .
We aim at teaching (3) foreign languages.
We can teach them from a choice of languages, including
(4) .
Nows your chance to take advantage of your childs abilities to pronounce
(5) and to (6) new words.
Sign your child up now!
E-mail us at Higginslanguageinstitute@vector1.com
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ADVANCED 1
DANOE SlGNS
a. Do you remember the d|a|ogue |n the Speak|ng sect|on? Read the Exp|ore text on page 116 to
he|p you dec|de who d|d what.
The Manager The Emp|oyee
1. makes a suggestion
2. agrees to the suggestion
3. gives an order
4. makes an excuse
5. makes an alternative suggestion
6. compliments
b. How do they express the|r thoughts? Do you remember how the two peop|e |n the Speak|ng
sect|on expressed themse|ves? Use the Exp|ore text on page 116 to he|p you.
1. How does the manager recommend a course of action?
2. How does the employee give less than full support?
3. How does the manager allocate duties?
4. How does the employee indicate her r ejection of the duty?
5. How does the manager sympathize?
6. How does the manager describe an alter native?
7. How does the employee compliment the manager?
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c. You are the manager. Read the emp|oyee's responses and f||| |n the m|ss|ng sentences. Use
the express|ons |n act|v|ty b. to he|p you.
You: (1j
Emp|oyee: Right, boss, l agree we should start preparing the tables right away.
You: (2j
Emp|oyee: But l prefer setting the tables to making up the guest list.
You: (3j
Emp|oyee: That's a great idea to see if we have an old but appr opriate guest list.
You: (4j
Emp|oyee: And l guess that's why l'm only an employee.
ADDITIONAL READING
G|oba| Read|ng
1. Read the title. What issues do you think the writer will discuss in this article?
Do you know of any writers who write in a for eign language?
2. Read the first two sentences of the first paragraph. Do they add information r elated to the title?
What is the purpose of the writer in telling this stor y?
3. Read the first sentence of the second paragraph. How does this sentence shed light on the title?
4. Read the first two sentences of the thir d paragraph. What reason does it give for writing a novel in a
foreign language?
5. Read the first two sentences of the fourth paragraph. What dif ficulties does it refer to?
6. Read the last paragraph. What is the writer 's message?
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C|ose Read|ng
1. ln lines 3-4, the writer uses the wor ds no gulf greater than to make a comparison. Crossing a gulf
means doing something difficult. What two difficult things does the writer compare?
2. What purpose does the dash ( -j in line 7 serve?
3. ln line 12, the writer uses the wor ds as though to describe a similar experience. Which other
experience does Ha Jin compare his reason to write to?
4. ln line 15, the writer uses the wor d Concerned to express a worry. What worries the Chinese writer?
5. ln line 21, the writer uses the expr ession of course to indicate that something is obvious. What
obvious thing does the writer describe?
6. ln line 26, Ha Jin uses the wor d because in order to explain something. What does the Chinese
writer try to explain?
7. ln line 28, Ha Jin uses the wor d But to contrast two things. What is contrasted?
8. ln line 31, Gish Jen uses the expr ession instead of to describe an alternative. Which two alternatives
are described?
9. ln lines 37-38, Ha Jin uses the constr uction you have to four times in order to describe a process.
Which process is described?
10. ln the last sentence of the ar ticle, Ha Jin uses the expression Thats all. What does it refer to?
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Wr|t|ng Nove|s |n a Fore|gn Language
An American child who begins digging in his backyard and doesn`t stop will eventually 'end
up in China. The Chinese have no comparable saying no one digs toward North America.
Ha Jin has come to Atlanta Irom the Iar side oI the planet, but in getting here he has crossed no
gulI greater than the one between his Iirst and second languages. Written Chinese, 'Hanzi,
uses an alphabet oI over 30,000 characters. But even the term 'alphabet is misleading,
because it suggests a letter-based, rather than word-based, system.
Jin has now published six books in English two books oI poetry, two books oI short stories,
and two novels. The poems in his Iorthcoming collection, 'Wreckage, concern China`s
ancient past and rough passage into modernity. Although they are Iull oI violence and
upheaval, he says, they are in part the products oI a Iilial Ieeling toward the language 'a kind
oI guilt I Ieel over having abandoned my mother tongue. I think I had to write these poems Ior
psychological reasons. It`s as though I`m trying to pay a debt.
Jin was determined to write, and increasingly interested in Iiction. For both practical and
aesthetic reasons written Chinese is 'very highbrow and detached Irom the spoken word, he
once told a reporter he chose to make English the language oI his creative work. Concerned
that the name XueIei didn`t suggest an obvious pronunciation to the English-reading eye, he
adopted Ha Jin when he began publishing in American journals. Jin says he`s now able to think
in English 'most oI the time. 'But when I`m not really paying attention, he says, 'very oIten
Chinese comes out. Yesterday I was with a Chinese Iriend at a restaurant. Suddenly, I spoke
Chinese to the waitress. He laughs. 'And I dream halI and halI.
It`s not surprising, oI course, that Jin still Iinds himselI subconsciously straddling two cultures.
The things he has leIt behind Ior the sake oI his writing his Iirst language, his Iirst name
have been Iundamental, the sacriIices utter. Asked iI twenty-Iive years ago he could have
Ioreseen himselI teaching at a university in Atlanta, Georgia, Jin laughs again.'I`d never heard
oI Georgia! he says. 'I`d never heard oI Atlanta! I hadn`t even heard oI Boston. But I`m here
now and I`m not surprised, because liIe is always unpredictable. Who knows where we will
go? But I Ieel very Iortunate. In the army, I knew a lot oI young men and women with a lot oI
potential extremely intelligent people. But they didn`t get on in their lives because they
didn`t have the opportunity.
Chinese-American novelist Gish Jen once made an observation when speaking oI Ha Jin. 'The
whole idea oI looking to masters instead oI overturning something is very Chinese, she told a
New York Times reporter. 'On some level, Ha Jin has chosen mastery over genius. It`s as iI he
said, I am going to make something like that.` This never happens with American writers. We
are too beset with the anxiety oI inIluence.
'Maybe this sounds strange, he says oI the writing task now beIore him, 'but I don`t expect
this to be a magniIicent, brilliant novel. I just want it to be a decent novel. From story writing
I`ve learned that you have to write a lot, and you have to write well and you have to write
poorly, and you have to be able to discern what`s good and what`s bad. From there, it`s just a
matter oI drawing strength Irom the masters in your own small way. That`s all I can really hope
to do.
5
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25
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35
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ADVANCED 1
1. What does the writer consider to have been Ha Jin' s greatest challenge in his writing career?
2. How does Ha Jin explain his motivation to write poetry?
3. Why did Ha Jin change his name from Xuefei?
4. Who does Ha Jin compare himself to and why?
5. How does Gish Jen explain one dif ference between Ha Jin's writing and the writing of American
writers?
6. What factors does Ha Jin believe ther e are which allow writers to write well?
41961
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a. Match the p|cture to the d|a|ogue.
1. Who will you be translating for you at this time tomorr ow?
l'll be translating for Mr. Annan, the General Secretary, as the Hungarian representative speaks.
2. By the time you are 60, will you have translated all of Shakespear e's work into Tibetan?
l've translated it all by the time you ar e 60!
3. Will he be waiting for the or der at this time next month?
Ask him if they'll have sent the or der by next week.
REvlEW
a.
b. c.
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ADVANCED 1
c. Make some pred|ct|ons about your Eng||sh |anguage sk|||s |n the futur e.
1. l'll have started the next course by .
2. l'll be speaking English on my next holiday in .
3. l'll have started dreaming in English by .
4. l'll be using English like a native by .
b. Match the stems |n co|umn A w|th the most appr opr|ate end|ngs |n co|umn B.
A B
1. ln ten years' time, l'll still be working on.
a. .studying another two languages at the
Sorbonne in Paris.
2. l imagine at that time l'll be.
b. .officially retired from the U.N. as two veteran
interpreters.
3. ln fifteen years' time, l expect my young
trilingual son will be.
c. .my translation of Pushkin's work from
Russian into Swahili.
4. By the year 2015, my parents will have.
d. .become a father again and who knows - this
one might be quadrilingual.
5. By the end of this year, l'll have. e. .finished translating the poems.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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41982
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ADVANCED 1
EPLORE TETS
A D v A N O E D 1 A p p e n d | x
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Appendix
UNlT 1
OLTRAL DlFFERENOES
Australian Culture
This is the wild and beautiful landscape of Central Australia: the outback," which covers seventy-
five percent of the continent. lt seems to lie, still and untouched, in the silence of its first creation.
And yet, according to the Australian Aborigines, the whole continent is a maze of song. The
Aboriginal myth of how the world began is extr emely complex, but l'll try to simplify it.
ln the beginning, which they call Dr eamtime," the Ancestors" created themselves from clay, and
then began to sing the world into existence. They walked about, singing the names of everything
they saw: birds, animals, plants, rocks, and rivers. As they walked, they left trails of footprints and
songs. These are the famous Songlines," which form a pr ofound part of the Aborigines' religious
beliefs.
Culture Crash
lt's almost thirty years now since Brad Perkins came into our small southern town like an
ambulance on its way to a car crash. At the time, he had no idea that anyone had noticed him, but
of course we had. He was fr om New York City, a place where manners, values and the rules of
courtesy were very different from ours. Up North, being direct is something positive. Down here, it's
considered rude.
During the years, Brad never realized that he was offending anyone. We now know that he never
meant to. Once, Dr. Franklin invited Brad for Sunday dinner, not long after he'd arrived. Although he
is actually quite reserved, Dr. Franklin likes to be known ar ound town as a cultured man. He
therefore felt the need to welcome Brad to town and show him some southern hospitality. Yet that
meal caused such a problem for Brad that he almost had to leave town.
Looking back now, l can see that we wer e the ones who were being rude, and not Brad Perkins.
There were only six people at dinner, but what he did seemed to have been broadcast all over town
by the next day. And, of course, everyone took offense. Later, Dr. Franklin agreed that they had
gone overboard and had been too sensitive. As a r ule, however, it is not customary for a guest to
refuse a second helping in a souther ner's home.
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Brad Perkins will have been here for thirty years next June. We've come to admire him, and it's hard
to imagine the place without him. We treat him just like one of us, but l guess we've just gotten
used to people from up North. Over the years, we've tried to lear n more about what's considered
appropriate in the North. We realize now that they're not rude; they just communicate dif ferently.
So Bored!
- l get so bored on cruises.
- Me, too!
- Every year my wife drags me on one.
- Mine, too!
- The worst part is, l hate the ocean.
- l know what you mean. l can't stand it, either .
Review
- You should hold the bat near its base so as to maximize the power of your swing.
- Thanks, Uncle Phil. Now that you're teaching me, l know l'll get on the team.
- You actually have a chance, kid, as long as you keep practicing.
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Appendix
UNlT 2
LlFE lN THE OlTY
Mystery
Lauren: Where's Freddie?
Richard: He's gone to phone the mansion to see if anybody knows wher e Coral is.
Lauren: You mean she hasn't been around?
Richard: Not since Friday. lsn't that funny?
Lauren: A hoot. Do you think something could have happened to her?
Richard: Well, rumor has it there's a new man in her life. She's pr obably with him.
Lauren: l always imagined she ate men. Like a praying mantis!
Richard: Well, maybe this time it's the other way ar ound.
Freddie: l can't find her anywhere. At home, nobody's talked to her or seen her since Friday, and
there's no answer at the gallery.
Richard: Here we go.
Lauren: Well, does Coral do this kind of thing? Maybe she's just gone somewhere for the
weekend?
Freddie: My sister can be very unpredictable, but ...
Richard: l'm sorry, l think we have to get the police on this immediately .
Adams Murder Mystery Update
By tomorrow morning, Gregory Adams, the famous author of Mur der Mysteries," will have been on
trial at the State Court. Hopefully, he will have told the court what he has refused to tell journalists
up until now. As of tomorrow, the truth will be revealed and the rumor that Gregory Adams
murdered his wife will be proven either true or false. Adams, a man with no pr evious criminal record,
naturally hopes to be found innocent, and sour ces close to the family say he is quietly confident. As
for the public, however, opinion is divided.
Many people seem to be convinced that the r umor that Adam got rid of" his wife is no
exaggeration. lt is common knowledge that he has been married three times, and that in each case
his wife mysteriously disappeared.
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Ms. Mira Holmes, Adams' former neighbor and a well-known local filmmaker , seems to know the
man very well. Many believe that her version of events is quite conclusive.
What the tabloid headlines say is only the tip of the iceberg," Ms. Holmes says firmly. l have been
investigating the tragic disappearance of Barbara Adams for many months now. l plan to make a
documentary about it one day. Barbara disappeared on the 5th of January, just like Bonnie Adams,
and Bettina Adams before her. My theory is that Mr. Adams' books hold the key to the truth. ln his
books, the murderer's wives all had names which began with the letter B" and they all had large
insurance policies. Finally, their murders always took place on the 5th of Januar y."
Others seem to feel that this solution is too simple. They claim that someone else, perhaps a
dissatisfied reader, got hold of the idea fr om Adams' books.
Mira Holmes's claims have only added to the scandal surr ounding the Adams trial. Tomorrow, the
final chapter in this tragedy will be played out in the State courtr oom, and many people are
interested to see how this mystery ends.
How Awful!
- They beat me up and stole my wife's car .
- Oh! How awful!
- l guess that's the way it goes sometimes.
- Yeah. Life in the big city can be r ough.
- Actually, it could have been worse.
- Really? How?
- lt could have been my car that got stolen!
Future Perfect
- Joe, if the Chainsaws win the game today, they will have won the championship for the thir d year in
a row.
- Yes, but l don't think they'll win.
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Appendix
UNlT 3
DANGEROS SPORTS
Sports
DJ: Welcome to Sports Hour" on WKlK. Her e with us in the studio is the daring Martha
Moore, to tell us about her favorite sport: sky diving! Ma rtha, you are known to have risked
your life for this sport. Can you tell us why?
Martha: A couple of years ago, l was r eady for a new thrill. lt had to be sky diving since l'd alr eady
tried everything else!
DJ: Aren't you afraid of jumping out of a plane with nothing but a parachute? l mean, it must
take a lot of nerve!
Martha: Of course l'm afraid sometimes. Only a fool wouldn't be afraid.
DJ: Then why do you do it?
Martha: l just love the thrill of flying thr ough the sky!
DJ: Do you ever have second thoughts befor e a jump?
Martha: Yes, but you can't think about the altitude. You just have to take your chances, and dive.
l'd be happy to give you a fr ee lesson next week, Tom. What do you say?
DJ: Thanks a lot, Martha; that's very generous of you, but ... uh ... l'm going to pass up your
offer. Thanks for being on our show.
Just in Time
The Emergency Medical Parachutists are a team of doctors, each of whom holds a pilot's license
and is experienced in parachuting. They give first aid to injur ed people who cannot be reached any
way other than by plane. Today the team was made up of Elena, Hank and Nick. Each one had
received the same phone call, asking them to meet at the E.M.P. base.
OK," said Nick. We'll be taking off immediately."
Who are we looking for?" asked Elena.
Three teenage mountain climbers," answered Nick. They fell off the edge of a clif f. One kid seems
to have been hurt badly. Another has a broken leg and the third one appears to have gotten only
minor injuries."
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They must be panicking now, thinking nobody will ever find them," Hank said.
Once in the sky, Elena searched carefully. Then she pointed down. l see them!" she exclaimed.
We're going to have to be very cautious near those rocks," said Nick. l'll be circling up here until
you contact me. Good luck, guys!"
Elena and Hank jumped from the plane and landed near the boys.
You came just in time," said one of the frightened teenagers. Eddie's in pretty bad shape."
Hank found Eddie, who was lying on a r ock ledge. He quickly sized up the situation. lt's a risk to
move him at this point, but we have no choice," he said. He appears to have several broken
bones." Turning to the other two friends, he said, You know, this adventure of yours could have had
an even worse ending if we hadn't found you today ."
All three teenagers were taken to the hospital and when Eddie was well enough, they appeared on a
national Tv talk show. They warned other young adventurers against going on foolish expeditions
like the one which had led to their accident. We thought we were being so daring and clever. Sure,
it takes nerve to do what we did, but we wer e stupid to have gone near the edge of the cliff. We
could have been killed," said Eddie. ln fact, l found out afterwar ds that l almost was."
Don't take chances, even if you're familiar with the area that you're headed for," added his friend.
Study your destination on the map and take along all the equipment you may need. Then your trip
can be a thrilling adventure and not a terrifying experience."
What Happened?
- Thanks for picking me up, Cindy.
- What happened?
- l broke my leg playing football.
- Oh! What an awful thing to happen.
- That's not the worst part. The doctor said l shouldn't play football anymor e.
- What a shame! You love football.
- Well, now l'll have more time to spend with you.
- Great!
Other Uses
- You seem to have enjoyed that meal. You certainly ate enough!
- Yes, l did. l think l'll need to be carried out of here.
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UNlT 4
OOMPLAlNTS
Call-In
Host: This week, callers are invited to interview our special guest, the famous journalist Dan
Swathmore. Mr. Swathmore, more commonly known as Dan the Man," will soon be
retiring after more than thirty years of writing for The National Repor ter." His next project
is said to be a documentary about the scandalous world of tabloid newspapers, a subject
with which he is very familiar. Caller One, you're on the air.
Doris: Hello. My name is Doris. Dan, isn't it true that your information is based mor e on rumors
than on what is actually known to have happened?
Dan: Not at all. ln fact, as soon as l get wind of a story, Doris, l follow it up by getting hold of
the people who are reported to have been involved, and gathering as many facts fr om
them as possible.
Host: We have another caller. Joanne, thanks for joining us.
Joanne: How can we trust you? After all, you jour nalists always refuse to reveal your sources. You
take advantage of people's personal tragedies just to make catchy headlines. l'm
convinced the tabloid bosses encourage you to br eak the law by exaggerating the truth to
suit their purposes.
Dan: l can only speak for myself, Joanne. l research my articles very carefully and always have
hard evidence to back up any claims l make. As for what people call the truth of a story,"
my view is that it has many versions, and my job is to reveal as many of those as l can.
Host: l think the issues raised tonight wer e just the tip of the iceber g. Join us next week, when
we will be continuing with the topic of fr eedom of the press.
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Complaint
666 Oak Street
October 21st
Mr. Larry McCann, President
Grumble's Department Store
P.O. Box 5554
New York, NY 11001
Dear Mr. McCann,
l'd like to bring to your attention the events of the past few weeks concer ning a washing machine
which l purchased from your appliance department on September 14
th
. The machine was delivered
and installed several days later, but since that time has failed to work.
Before using the machine, l read the instruction book and followed the instructions to the letter .
They didn't seem to be written in a complicated way - l usually have a head for these things, but for
some reason the machine didn't work. At that point l r e-read the directions so as to be sure l had
set everything correctly. However, the machine remained idle.
A label on the back of the machine listed a phone number to call in case of pr oblems. l called and
spoke to a technician, who gave me step-by-step instructions how to tur n on the machine. But the
whole process was a waste of time. The machine still wouldn't work.
Several days later, another technician actually came to my home to try to figur e out what was
wrong. l hoped to be doing my laundry by the time he left, but he could not get the machine to
work, either. He told me l had two options: either to have the machine r epaired or exchange it for a
new one. Since this machine is brand-new and has never worked, l felt l deserved a new one.
l called your store and was told that the normal pr ocedure was to write a letter to the department
manager explaining the problem. l did this several weeks ago, but my letter appears to have been
ignored.
Mr. McCann, by the time you get this letter , an out-of-order washing machine will have been sitting
in my house for nearly six weeks. This whole episode has been a pain in the neck for me. The
machine needs to be replaced immediately. lf it is not, my lawyer will be getting in touch with you.
Please consider this a final war ning.
Sincerely,
Felicity Dundee
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Appendix
Expensive Boutique
- l can't stand these expensive little boutiques.
- l know. They charge so much for so little.
- l'm getting tired of shopping. Let's get out of her e and go eat.
- Great idea! l'm starving.
- Wait! Look! lsn't that a fabulous little black dr ess?
- Absolutely! And it's only $800!
Future Progressive
- ln about an hour from now, we'll be parachuting through the air, too.
- l can't believe l let you talk me into this. You know l hate doing risky things.
- Don't worry so much. l'll be jumping with you and holding your hand all the way down.
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BSlNESS STRATEGlES
Ad
Are you annoyed by high interest rates? Do you ever need help keeping track of your financial
records? Do you wish you could over draw on your account without seeing your checks bounce? lf
you answered yes" to any of the above questions, it' s time for you to check out Bank-Plus" at
ABC Finance Bank. For just a small monthly fee, you'll get high-quality service to help you manage
your bank account. But don't take it from me. Listen to one of our satisfied customers:
At ABC Finance Bank, there's always someone who helps me understand my statements and
keeps an eye on my investments. The people ther e really care about me. Also, since the bank
double-checks everything, errors which in the long run could cost me a lot of money ar e avoided.
As long as my money is at ABC Finance Bank, my savings ar e secure."
ABC Finance Bank likes to be known as the bank that cares about you as well as your money.
That's a bank to invest in. Why don' t you check us out? Now that you know mor e about us, you'll
be glad you did.
Request
Youth Matters Ltd.
20 January
H. Morgenthal
General Manager
Natural Shoes Ltd.
Dear Mr. Morgenthal,
lt has been some time since we wer e in contact. l hope that all is well with you. My annual
presentation to the organization seems to have been well r eceived, and by next month l will be
managing the whole publications office. l want to thank you for your support and advice wh en
we met last year. You helped me a lot.
One of my primary objectives for next year is to focus on r eaching out to youth and getting them
interested in environmental issues. Now that the environment has become a hot news topic, that
should not be too difficult.
My idea is to create a youth magazine that would appeal to high-school and university students.
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l would like the magazine to be known for its quality rather than its environmental subject matter. l
have included an outline of the first pr oposed issue for your consideration.
l thought that your company, Natural Shoes, might be interested in giving money to suppor t such
a project. Since you depend on selling your pr oducts to youth, this could be a good way of
reaching them. We are, therefore, offering you several full-page advertisements in our magazine.
Please take time to think the idea over, and then let me know what you decide.
All the best.
Sincerely yours,
Kara Moore
Publications Officer
Marketing Strategy
- So, Johnson, what do you think of my new marketing strategy?
- Personally, l think that it could be impr oved.
- Oh, really? What would you change?
- Well, l feel strongly that we must also target middle-aged men in this campaign.
- Hmmm. That's a smart suggestion, Johnson. Good thinking.
Perfect
- The Mayan people are said to have had a very advanced civilization.
- Really.
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OOMMNlOATlON
Soap Opera
Narrator: Cathy wants to meet someone from a different culture. Now that a group of Mexican
students has come to her university, Cathy makes a firm decision to meet one of them,
and hopes to be included in some of their activities.
Cathy: Hi there. As a rule, l don' t talk to strangers, but l will be going to Mexico next summer .
Mexican culture is so different from ours and l'm really interested in finding out all about it.
l'm Cathy, by the way.
Carlos: Hi. l really admire your interest in Mexico. My name's Carlos.
Cathy: Wow! Taking into account that you've just arrived, your English seems to be fluent.
Carlos: l like to be considered bilingual. l studied hard before l came. Learning the language of a
new country is a must if you want to fit in.
Cathy: l agree. Maybe you can help me with my Spanish. By the way , do you have one of those
great Mexican hats? lt would be quite appr opriate for this hot summer we're having now.
Carlos: No, l don't. Tell me, does everyone here think we all still wear those hats? lt' s a real
generalization, you know.
Cathy: Oh, l thought that it was customary to wear those hats in Mexico. Please don' t take
offense.
Carlos: l just get offended when people stereotype me.
Cathy: Sorry. Listen - why don't you come for dinner Friday?
Carlos: OK. l'd enjoy some good American hospitality.
Narrator: Will Cathy and Carlos fall in love? Will Carlos teach her Spanish? Find out next week on
Ups and Downs."
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Personal
Dear Elaine,
Hi, there! How are you? l'm doing well up her e in the north of Portugal, and l'm r eally beginning
to make headway with my Portuguese.
Now that l've been here for six months, l'm finding it much easier to expr ess myself, although l
still have a problem with my pronunciation. lt's exciting to speak another language besides
English, and l hope that in six months' time l'll be speaking fluently . By then l will have been
here a year, and will hopefully be speaking like a native. My plan is to be practically bilingual by
the time l leave.
Anyway, this letter would be incomplete without a funny story . Correct? The local villagers hate
to be thought of as inhospitable, so one family invited me for a meal last week. l decided to
take advantage of the invitation (who tur ns down such an offer?j and l didn't eat all day, so that
l'd be hungry. l knew enough Portuguese to get by, but l memorized a few extra expr essions,
just in case.
When l arrived for dinner, l was disappointed to see that they had made r oast beef.
l tried to get it across to them that l didn' t eat meat, but l guess l made too poor an attempt at
it. When it became clear that l wasn' t going to eat anything, the r oom was suddenly silent. The
family didn't speak to me again until it was time for me to leave.
l asked my friend Marcos to speak to them for me and he found out that ther e had been a
misunderstanding. lt turns out that l had said and used wor ds incorrectly, and they had
interpreted it as some sort of criticism of THElR meat.
Yesterday, however, l received a huge basket of fr uit with a note saying Practice your
Portuguese!" Marcos translated it for me! l know you'll laugh. Keep in touch.
Bill
Please Speak Up
- l'd like to speak to Mr. Carlton, please.
- l beg your pardon. What was that again?
- l said l want to speak to Mr. Carlton.
- l'm sorry, ma'am. l can't hear you very well. Can you please speak up?
- l'm already shouting. ls Mr. Carlton there?
- Ma'am, this connection is awful. Please call again.
Review
- Students, it's time for our dictionary quiz. Look up the meanings of these words, write them
down and when you're finished, hand in your papers.
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MEDlOAL lSSES
Romance
Bobby: l love her, Dr. Chadwick. l always have.
Doctor: l had a feeling, Bobby. But Emily...
Bobby: She loves me too, l know she does. She just won' t allow herself to.
Doctor: Bobby, Emily's a big girl now. l think she knows what she wants.
Bobby: l know l could make her happy. l'd take care of her and love her for the r est of our lives.
Doctor: Bobby, if you are as sick as you say you ar e, then face it, son, you don' t have much time
for all that.
Common Sense, Not Blind Faith
Reasonable people should not have blind faith in the medical profession. We all have to get more
information about the treatments that we are given. We have to check out the medicine we take. We
have to ask for second and even thir d opinions. We must do some research. We have to use our
common sense and be informed about our health care.
While it is true that moder n Western medicine has risks, we shouldn' t reject it totally. The harm to
the patients usually comes from not getting medical treatment immediately. Most people who get
good medical care are healthier and live longer.
lf this is the case, why has alternative" health care become so popular in North America and
Europe? Often fear of surgery or of strong medication motivates people to look for these
alternatives. Many people think that these tr eatments will help even when the situation seems
hopeless to Western doctors.
Alternative treatments are attractive because they seem less harmful and mor e sensitive to our
needs. Surgeons perform dangerous surgery, but reflexologists, natural healers, or homeopathic
doctors do not seem to give danger ous treatments. People don't think alternative care would kill
anyone by mistake. ln addition, ever yone wants to be treated warmly. No one wants to go to a
doctor in a cold, impersonal hospital clinic. Since some doctors don' t have a nice bedside
manner," people like the attention they get fr om alternative healers.
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Whether or not we decide to choose one type of tr eatment or another, we have to realize that there
will be risks in almost any tr eatment. All doctors and healers are human beings who can make
mistakes. They can miss things and waste valuable time. No matter what happens, we have to think
about all of the different options. Remember, there are millions of patients who are alive and well
today because of conventional" Western medicine.
Barbeque Burns
- These burns aren't too bad.
- l guess l was lucky.
- lf l were you, l'd be more careful in the future.
- l'm usually very careful. This has never happened before.
- l think you should avoid having barbeques for a while.
- l will, Doc. Thanks.
Review
- Jules Gates is reported to have escaped from the local jail last night. Gates, who likes to be called
by his nickname, Jay, appears to have headed nor th. The public is warned that Gates is dangerous
and is believed to have stolen a gun.
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HOW SMART ARE YO?
Quiz
Paula: Welcome to the weekly quiz program, Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow." Today's guests
are high-school students Jason and Rachel. You know the rules, so let's begin. Jason, by
the time your children learn to drive, cars will probably be running on what kind of ener gy?
Jason: Solar.
Paula: Right! Now, Rachel, which country in the world has the lar gest population?
Rachel: China.
Paula: Correct. Next question. What technique is expected to be used more in surgery to
significantly improve its efficiency?
Jason: Experiments on animals?
Paula: No, Jason. Rachel?
Rachel: Lasers.
Paula: Right. Rachel, your turn. Now that we have already been to the moon, we might soon be
living in outer space. Name the planet closest to Ear th.
Rachel: Mars.
Paula: Correct again! The first person to answer the next question will get twenty-five points. ln
what way can we drastically limit the amount of garbage that we thr ow away?
Jason: By recycling it, so that it can be used again.
Paula: Right, Jason. Twenty-five points to you. l'm afraid that's all we have time for. Rachel is
today's winner. l'm Paula Turner, wishing all of you a good week. Join us again next week
for Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow".
Starting Young
Seven-year-old Marina Schuman, a Russian immigrant, is called the interpreter" by her classmates.
Two new Russian students have recently joined Marina's class, and most of their schoolwork needs
to be translated for them. Since Marina is bilingual, she was chosen for the task.
When l listen to Marina talk in her native language, it' s quite obvious that she is Russian," said Mrs.
Marge Smythe, Marina's teacher. However, when l hear Marina express herself in fluent English, it's
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hard to believe that she has lived in the United States for less than two years. l hardly ever have to
correct her. l'm sure her Russian classmates will also be speaking English fluently within a few
months."
Language experts point out that lear ning a second language is much easier for childr en than for
adults. Children begin to put words together into sentences as early as age two," says Dr . Annette
Davis, a language specialist. This patter n appears to be the same in childr en all over the world, no
matter what language they're learning. We believe that we can make mor e progress teaching a two-
year-old than an older child or adult. The younger child has more of an ability to pronounce foreign
words correctly, and children in general are better than adults at memorizing new wor ds."
Parents who want their children to practice speaking a second language at an early age can now
sign their kids up at pre-school language institutes. One school known to have succeeded in
teaching foreign languages to young children is the Higgins Language lnstitute. Ther e are seven
Higgins schools throughout the country, and they currently offer five languages for pre-schoolers,
including Spanish and French. The concept is such a hit that within a year , the number of Higgins
schools across the country will have doubled.
Besides teaching foreign languages, many pre-school language institutes teach English as a second
language to immigrant children. By the time they reach elementary school, these youngsters will
have learned to speak English fluently. Like Marina, some of these young people may even find
themselves serving as interpreters and translators.
Dance Signs
- l think we should start making the signs for tonight' s dance.
- Yes. l guess we should.
- OK. You make the signs and l'll take car e of the passengers.
- But l hate making signs.
- So do l. Wait! l have an idea. Let's see if we have any left over fr om the last cruise.
- That's a good idea. l hadn' t thought of that.
- That's why l'm the manager.
Review
- What do you think you'll be doing when you'r e 25?
- l'll be studying to be a doctor. How about you?
- By the time l'm 25, l'll have completed my studies and will be working at the U.N. as a translator .
- Good luck!
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