Task: Design Parameters of Area Elements

2014 / 1 Design Area Elements

Task: Design Parameters of Area Elements
2014 / 2 Design Area Elements
Main reinforcement = direction local x-axis
Transverse reinforcement = direction local y-axis
In BEMESS both the directions of the
reinforcement layers and the terms upper and
lower are oriented at the local coordinate
systems; lower is at the side of positive z axis.
Task: Design Parameters of Area Elements
2014 / 3 Design Area Elements
Minimum reinforcement
important for SLS design
Maximum reinforcement
for non linear analysis only
Task Design ULS area elements
2014 / 4 Design Area Elements
Task Design ULS Punching Check
2014 / 5 Design Area Elements
Results ULS Design
2014 / 6 Design Area Elements
Task Design SLS Area Elements
2014 / 7 Design Area Elements
Task Design SLS area elements
2014 / 8 Design Area Elements
Design ULS Prestressed Elements
2013 / 9 Design
3 tendons with distance of 1.40 m
Cross section 4,0 m x 1,0 m
modelled with QUAD elements of
1,0 m thickness
The influence of every single
tendon will be distributed by a
triangular shape with
2 * 2.0 * QUAD-thickness
Design ULS Prestressed Elements
REINFORCEMENT ACC. TO EN 1992-1-1(DK) in [cm2/m] at nodes upper/lower
General load safety factor - as defined in BEMESS: Gamma-f = 1.00
Shear: stresses VEd/d and VRd,ct/d with d=effective depth = h-hm
Shear index 2m = minimum shear reinforcement
Group 1
NODE LC MAT GEO h Reinforcement dphi Shr VEd/d Ass
Grp No No No No [m] main cross dir deg zon [MPa] [cm2/m2]
MBW VRd,ct/d
1 607 2122 1 1 1.00 2.65 13.25 90 90 1 0.273
2 90 0.620
lever arm for upper reinforcm =0.901 for lower =0.939 [m]
upside lay. 1|2=0.907 |0.894 bottom lay. 1|2=0.945 |0.933 [m]
Angle of main shear force to x axis = 178.4 []
Normal force in direction of main shear force = -1708. [kN/m]
Bending moment in direction of main shear = -1562. [kN/m]
- -> upper reinf. is taken for tension reinf. ro:
Tension reinf. in direction of main shear force 13.25 [cm2/m]
V_design= 261.77 VRD1= 594.28 VRD2= 4012.6 [kN/m] ro= 0.14
-----------------------------------------------------------------
maximum 5.65 13.25 90 1 0.273
incl.shear ro_v 5.65 5.65 90 0.620
Explanations shear state Shr zon:
1 = check without necessary shear reinforcement
2 = shear reinforcement required
m = minimum shear reinforcement
2013 / 10 Design
Design ULS Prestressed Elements
Reinforcement reduction due to tendon stress increase
element/node LC layer nten az z depsz dsigz ZZ delta_as
[cm2/m] [m] [o/oo] [MPa] [m] [cm2/m]
NODE 607 2122 top 2 3 18.02 -0.311 17.118 196.85 0.747 6.51
:
nstr = number of acting tendons in element influence radius
az = per m distributed active prestressed tendon steel area
(AZ distributed triangle wise on 2.0*element thickness right+left)
z = averaged local z coordinate (measured from element center line)
depsz = averaged increase of tendon strain
dsigz = applied increase of stress in prestressed tendon steel, limited to
fym/gammas - sigp0 with fym=0.5*(fyc+ft) and sigp0=prestress stress
ZZ = averaged lever arm of tendons
delta_as = maximum reinforcement reduction due to tendon stress increase
2013 / 11 Design
Distributed tendon steel area in node 607
oz =
22,Su cm`
2
+ 2
22,Su cm
2
2

2uu 14u
2uu
= 18,u cm`
Node 607 centre of cross section
Jclto_os =
18,u cm
2
196,8S HPo
S2SHPo
1,1S

u,747
u,894
= 6,49 cm`
Ratio of lever arm tendon
over reinforcement steel
Reinforcement steel
stress according to strain
distribution
Design ULS Prestressed Elements
2013 / 12 Design
Applieu inciease of stiess in piestiesseu tenuon steel DSIGZ in Noue 6u7
Jcltao
z
=
u,S 1S2u,uu +177u,uu
1,1S
12S4,S9 = 14Su,4S 12S4,S9 = 196,uSHPo
RC-Bridge Example: Check Stresses
2013 / 13 Design
File: quad design\rc-bridge.sofistik