Fifth Form Chemistry Reaction wc 2013-11-18

Iodine Clock Reaction EY 2014

Today you will investigate how concentration affects reaction rate. An oxidizing agent
such as hydrogen peroxide H2O2 may be used to oxidize iodide ion in solution to iodine
and the rate of this reaction can be monitored in the iodine clock reaction.
A solution containing potassium iodide !" starch indicator sodium thiosulphate
#a2$2O% call this mixture solution is mixed with a separate solution of acidified
hydrogen peroxide solution !. The mixing of and ! starts the reaction. The hydrogen
peroxide oxidizes the iodide ion to iodine which at high enough concentration turns the
starch indicator present blue&black. The reaction is'
H2O2(a)* + 2H
+
(a)* + 2"
&
(a)* 2H2O(l* + "2(a)*
"n order that potassium iodide will not be oxidized prematurely on standing sodium
thiosulphate is present in solution " The thiosulphate is a reducing agent which even
after and ! are mixed prevents the blue&black colour from being formed because it
turns the iodine formed back to iodide faster than the peroxide is able to oxidize it to
iodine.
2 $2O%
2&
(a)* + "2(a)* $,O-
2&
(a)* + 2"
&
(a)* thiosulphate
ion
"t is only after the thiosulphate is used up in this process of turning iodine to iodide that
there is sufficient iodine formed to be able to produce the blue&black colour with the
starch indicator.
#ethod
.sing a 2/cm
%
measuring cylinder measure out 2/cm
%
of solution and place it in a
beaker to it add 2/ cm
%
of solution ! and simultaneously start the stop&watch. 0uickly
stir the mixture thoroughly without spilling and as soon as the blue&black colour appears
stop the stop&watch. 1ecord the time. 1epeat the experiment using the combination of
volumes specified in the table below. "n each of these subse)uent experiments the
concentration of hydrogen peroxide is being reduced. 2rite a report on your lab.
3xpt. #o. 4ol.H
2
O
2
5cm
%
4ol. 2ater5cm
%
4ol.Thio.5cm
%
Time5s 65time s
&6
6 2/ 7 2/
2 27 / 2/
% 6/ 67 2/
, 67 6/ 2/
/ / 27 2/
$reatment of Res%lts
6. 8raw a graph of volume of hydrogen peroxide vs. 65time
2. .se the graph to find the time it would take if hydrogen peroxide volumes of
(a* 22 cm
%
(b* 62 cm
%
were used.
%. 9rom your graph what is the relationship between the concentration of
hydrogen peroxide and the reaction rate: