Chai-. III. JAMES I. TO ANNE.

211
Fig. ill. BRT7I1H MUSBUn.
tlie reign of Charles II.
"
Tlie length of his life enriched the reigns of several princes and
disgraced the last of them." (At the advanced age of 86 he was removed by George 1. from
the office of Surveyor General. )
"
A variety of knowledge proclaims tlie universality, a mul-
tiplicity of works the abundance, St. I'aul's the greatness, of Sir Cliristoplier's genius. Tlie
noblest temple, the largest palace, the most stu])endous hospital, in such a kingdom as
Ikitain, are all works of the same liand. He restored London and recorded its fall." As
the boast of England is tlie Cathedral Church of St. Paul, it will be necessary to dwell a
little on a description of it.
467. The larger portion of this cathedral stands on part of the site of the old one, as
shown by the annexed diagram
(/</. 212.), which also exhibits their comparative sizes. It is
co))ied from a drawing by Sir Christopher in the library of All Souls College at Oxford.
The instructions to the surveyor, according to the C()m])iler of the I'arentalia, were

" to
'.'ontrive a fabric of moderate bulk, but of good ])roportion
; a convenient (]uire, with a
vestibule and porticoes, and a dome conspicuous above the houses:" and in conformity with
them, a design was made which, from various causes, does not appear to have given satis-
faction
; whereon tlie com])iler observes, that
"
he endeavoured to gratify the taste of tlie
connoisseurs and criticks with something coloss and beautiful, with a design antique and
well studied, conformable to the best style of the Greek and Roman architecture." Tiie
model made from this design st'U exists. This however was not approved, and "the sur-
veyor then turned his thoughts to a cathedral form, .so altered as to reconcile as near as
possible the Gothic to a better manner of architecture." A design was approved by the
king, who issued his warrant under privy seal Htli May, 1675, for the execution of the
"orks. This design (en;;ravtd for the first time in Longman's The Three Cathedrals,
187:^) was wholly departed from by Wren, in execution.
468. Much trouble was experienced in removing the immense ruins of the old church, for
the de-.truction whereof recourse was liad to many expedit nts. On the north side, the fi)iiiida-
lions are [daccd upon a str.ituin of hard pot earth about 6 feet in thickness, but not more
P 2