Marcus Tecarro

AP Chemistry Assignment #2
7-22-14
Question 1:
Write statements describing the law of conservation, law of definite proportions and the
law of multiple proportions.
a) Matter is neither created or destroyed, only changing forms
b) A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by
mass
c) When two elements form a series of compounds, the ratios of the masses of the
second element that combine with 1 gram of the first element can
always be reduced to small whole numbers.

Question 2:
For each of the following sentences describe which law is being characterized.
a) If samples of NO and N
2
O
3
both contain the same amount of nitrogen the amount of
oxygen in NO compared to N
2
O
3
will be a ratio of 2 to 3.
Law of multiple proportions
b) Water always contains 11.1 % H and 88.8% O.
Law of definite proportions
c) In a chemical reaction, the mass of products must always equal the mass of reactants.
To recognize the contributions that characterized the early history of chemistry.
Law of conservation of mass

Question 3:
Which scientist was responsible for each of the following contributions to early atomic
theory ?
a) Two Greeks who disagreed with the notion that matter was continuous and infinitely
divisible
Demokritos of Abdera and Leucippos
b)First chemist to perform actual quantitative experiments that led to his law relating
pressure and volume
Robert Boyle
b) Chemist who postulated that a substance burns because phlogiston flows out of it
Georg Stahl
c) Chemist who discovered oxygen and referred to it as "dephlogisted air
Joseph Priestley
d) Chemist who explained the true nature of combustion and developed the law of
conservation of mass
Antoine Lavoisier
e) Frenchman who proposed the law of definite proportions
Joseph Proust
f) Englishman who conceived the law of multiple proportions and the first modern
atomic theory
John Dalton
g) Frenchman who studied the volumes of combining gases under the same conditions
of temperature and pressure
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
h) Chemist who interpreted the above results into the hypothesis that equal volumes of
gases under the same conditions have the same number of particles
Amadeo Avogadro

Question 4:
Identify the scientists who made the following contributions to developing the structure if
the atom.
a) Used a cathode ray tube to discover the electron and develop the "plum pudding
model
J. J. Thomson
b) Performed a famous oil drop experiment from which he determined the mass of an
electron
Robert Millikin
c) Proposed the existence of a nucleus and developed the "nuclear model of the atom
To understand the basic ideas of bonding in molecules.
Ernest Rutherford

Question 5:
Fill in the blanks in the following statements.
a) The sharing of electrons between two atoms results in a Covalent bond.
b) An ionic bond results from the attraction of a positively charged ion called a Proton
and a negatively charged ion called an Electron.
c) The particle resulting from the bond in part a is called a molecule.
d) The strength of the bond in part b is determined by the difference in the charges of the
bonding atoms.
To be familiar with the various features of the periodic table.

Question 6:
Answer the following about features of the periodic table
a) Elements in a column called a Group or a Family.
b) Elements in a column have the same number of free electrons.
c) Atoms of elements that tend to lose electrons are called Metals.
d) B,Si,As,Te,At,Ge and Sb are called Semiconductors.
e) Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called Periods.
f) Group VII A, 7A or 17 are all designations for the elements known as the Halogens.
g) Elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in order of increasing Protons
unlike Mendeleev's table in which they were arranged in order of
increasing Neutrons.

To demonstrate how to name compounds given their formulas.
Question 7:
Name the following ionic compounds.
a) MgCl
2
Magnesium Chloride
b) KIO
3

Potassium Iodat
c) CaS
Calcium Sulfate
d) Rb
2
Se
Rubidium Selenide
e) Sr(C
2
H
3
O
2
)
2

Strontium Acetate

Question 8:
Name the following ionic compounds with multivalent cations.
a) CuSO
4
Copper Sulfate
c) HgCl
2

Mercury (II) Chloride
d) Fe(NO
2
)
3

Iron (III) Nitrite
e) (NH
4
)
2
CrO
4

Ammonium Chromate
f) PbO
2

Lead (IV) Oxide

Question 9:
Name these molecular compounds.
a) NO
2

Ditrogen Dioxide
b) N
2
O
Dinitrogen Monoxide
c) N
2
O
3

Dinitrogen Trioxide
d) P
2
O
5

Diphosphorous Pentaoxide
e) SF
6

Sulfur Hexaflouride

Question 10:
Name these according to the rules used above.
a)K
2
Cr
2
O
7
Dipotassium Dichromium Heptaoxide
b)Na
2
O
2

Disodium Dioxide
c) Hg
2
Cl
2
Dimercury (I) Dichloride
d) MnO
2
Manganese (IV) Dioxide
e) OF
2
Oxygen Diflouride

To write formulas for compounds given their names.
Question 11:
Write formulas for these ionic compounds.
a) manganese (II) hydroxide
Mn(OH)
2
b) barium iodate
Ba(IO
3
)
2
c) potassium perchlorate
KClO
4

d) hydrogen peroxide
H
2
O
2

e) copper (II) hypofluorite
Cu(FO)
3

f) titanium (IV) sulfite
Ti(SO
3
)
2

g) gallium oxide
Ga
2
O
3


Question 12:
Write formulas for the following acids.
a) hydrochloric acid
HCl
b) nitrous acid
HNO
2

c) hydroselenic acid
HSe
d) bromic acid
HBrO
3

f) perfluoric acid
HFO
4

g) phosphoric acid
H
3
PO
4

h) acetic acid
C
2
H
4
O
2
i) oxalic acid
H
2
C
2
O
4



To boldly go where the book does not go.........
The system of naming compounds of multivalent cations such copper (I) sulfate and
copper (II) sulfate is
known as the Stock system. An older system is still sometimes used where no Roman
numerals are used but
rather Latin base names with the suffixes -ous and -ic are used.
Copper (I) becomes cuprous and copper (II) becomes cupric
Iron (II) becomes ferrous and iron (III) becomes ferric
Lead (II) becomes plumbous and lead (IV) becomes plumbic
Tin (II) becomes stannous and tin (IV) becomes stannic
The smaller of the two multivalent ions has the ous ending. The larger of the two
multivalent ends in ic.
Name each of the following using this older system:
Cu(NO
3
)
2
=Cupric Nitrat
FeCl
3
=Ferric Chloride
PbI
4
=Plumbic Iodide
SnF
2
=Stannous Flouride
Cu
2
SO
4
=Cupous Sulfate
Write formulas for each of the following:

Plumbous oxide
PbO
Stannic hydroxide
Sn(OH)
4

Cuprous fluoride
CuF
Ferric phosphate
FePO
4

Mercurous carbonate
Hg
2
CO
3