Grade Level: 7th-9th grade; Type: Food Science

Objective:
To discover whether eating certain foods will make your skin smell.
Research Questions:
Does eating certain foods for an extended eriod of time cause you to smell!
"hich foods roduce the strongest odors!
For how long do those odors linger!
#nions$ garlic$ and curry definitely makes your %reath smell. &ut do smells also come through our skin in the form of ersiration!
This exeriment will give you the answer'
Materials:
#nions
(arlic
)urry
*+ test su%,ects -at least five for each test grou of onions$ garlic$ and curry.
/n 0odor ,udge1 who doesn2t know a%out the exeriment
3en4aer for notes
Experimental Procedure:
*. 3reare the onion$ garlic$ and strong curry for eating.
5. Divide your grou of *+ test su%,ects into three grous of five.
6. (ive one grou raw onions to eat$ one grou raw garlic$ and one grou curry.
7. #ne day later$ gather all your test su%,ects into one sot$ along with your 0odor ,udge.8 9our test su%,ects should not wear any
lotion on their skin$ nor any fragrance.
+. :ave your test su%,ects line u and hold their arms out. ;nstruct your ,udge to smell each su%,ect %etween his or her el%ows.
/sk the ,udge< Do you smell anything unusual? What do you smell? Is the smell strong or subtle? =ecord the ,udge2s
resonses.
>. Do the exact same thing one week later.
7. )omare the resonses of your ,udge with the record of what the su%,ects ate. "as your odor ,udge a%le to detect onions$
garlic$ or curry on the skin of the su%,ects! )alculate the ercentage of matching resonses for data. )omare what the ,udge
smelled after one day to what he or she smelled after one week.
?. @valuate your results and come u with a conclusion.
u!!ested "hart:
/nything Anusual! "hat do you smell! Strong4Su%tle!
Test ubject #$
Test ubject #%

Terms&"oncepts: food consumtion; food odor; %ody odor; ersiration; %ad %reath; digestive system
Re'erences: "ikiedia2s Digestive System 3age; Bational Digestive Diseases ;nformation )learinghouse -BDD;).; 9our Digestive
System; Caton$ /nthea; Dean :okins$ )harles "illiam CcEaughlin$ Susan Dohnson$ Caryanna Fuon "arner$ David Ea:art$ Dill D.
"right$ Human Biology and Health (3rentice :all$ *996.
Dennifer 3enn-)hiu is currently a college student with a dee interest in science who is asiring to %ecome a writer. She writes a%out
all sorts of things across all su%,ects including$ %ut not limited to; science$ crafts$ and fashion. She hoes to %ecome a good writer so
she can share her thoughts and exeriences with the world and future generations.
Human Battery
(bstract
The objective: The exeriment will rove which gender roduces the most electric current and in which condition do they have a
greater current. The testing is done with two different tyes of metal lates hooked u to an ammeter. The su%,ect then laces his4her
hands on the lates which gives the ammeter a reading of how strong the electric current is in the su%,ects %ody.
Methods&Materials
G*H )oer 3late G*H /luminum 3late G*H Earge %lock of wood G*H Cicro /mmeterGxH :uman test su%,ects G*H Sink with running water
3rocedure<
*. (ather all materials
5. Set u exeriment 5a. 3lace metal lates over wooden %locks -to kee other electric currents from reaching the lates. 5%. Set
negative side of ammeter to one late 5c. Set ositive side of ammeter to other late 5d. Turn the ammeter to 5m/
6. :ave su%,ect lace each hand on a searate late
7. =ecord the reading from the ammeter
+. =eeat GStes 6I7H with different su%,ects
>. :ave su%,ects thoroughly wash their hands with water and dry them
7. =eeat GStes 6$7$I+H with different su%,ects
?. :ave su%,ects ,um in one sot for aroximately * minute
9. :ave the su%,ects ru% their hands together
*J. =eeat GStes 6$7$I+H with different su%,ects
**. )hart the results from the data
*5. Find average of %oth genders
*6. Find average of all the different KconditionsK
Results
The results of the testing showed that the Cales roduced a stronger current of electricity. The males average was .J+> ams and .J77
ams for the females. The ,uming did increase the strength of the current %ut some males had different results and had a %etter current
from not doing anything. These results may have had an error from the test su%,ect. Some of the males either didnt articiate
correctly$ or they didnt sweat enough for the correct reading from the ammeter.
"onclusions&)iscussion
The exeriment is imortant %ecause it can %e used in certain medical monitoring or artificial arts. 3acemakers can vary from erson
to erson on how strong they need to %e. "e can determine the strength of a acemaker %y the gender and tye conditions the erson
undergoes the most. Since females generate the most electricity in their %odies$ they need a stronger acemaker as oosed to males. /
normal$ clean$ active erson would need a stronger acemaker as well.
This ro,ect will rove which gender roduces the most electric current and in which condition do they have a greater current.
)eath in a *ater +ath
(bstract
The objective: Cy o%,ective was to learn at what temerature three different tyes of vegeta%le seeds die. This is
imortant when seeds are treated for disease control and for seed storage. Cy hyothesis was that corn$ %ean and sinach
seeds would die at different temeratures %ecause of differences in seed siLe and cool season versus warm season tyes.
Methods&Materials
Ten corn$ %ean and sinach seeds were laced in a water %ath for ten minutes at each of five temeratures -76.6 deg
)$7?.9 deg )$+7.7 deg )$>J.J deg ) and >+.> deg ).. Cy control was 76.6 deg ) which should have caused no damaging
effects. Cy research on this su%,ect showed that all seeds would %e killed at >+.> deg ). Seed treatment for disease
control is usually done at 7?.9 deg ). The water %ath treated seeds were laced %etween two moist aer towels and
germination was checked daily.
Results
The %est treatment temerature for seed germination was 7?.9 deg ). /ll of the seeds germinated %y day 7. /t my highest
temerature ->+.> deg ).$ all of the sinach seeds died %ut 9JM of the corn seeds and 7JM of the %ean seeds germinated
%ut at a slower rate than at cooler temeratures.
"onclusions&)iscussion
Cy hyothesis was correct in that the three tyes of vegeta%le seeds died at different temeratures. /ll of the sinach
seeds died at >+.> deg )$ as exected. The results for %eans and corn were surrising - a ma,ority of the seeds survived
>+.> deg ) which did not agree with my references. &etter germination at 7?.9 deg ) than at 76.6 deg ) was also
unexected and could ossi%ly %e used as a standard seed treatment. ; was a%le to increase my knowledge of seed
germination and the effects of temerature on seed growth with this research ro,ect.
The ro,ect tests the germination of three tyes of vegeta%le seeds at five different temeratures.
+lood Pressure
(bstract
The objective: The o%,ective of my Science Fair ro,ect is to determine the accuracy of the common method -community
standard. of taking %lood ressure readings when comared to the ideal method. ; also want this exeriment to %e
informative as atients need to realiLe that they are also resonsi%le for their art in allowing the %lood ressure test to %e
erformed to the highest degree ossi%le. ;t is also my intent to %ring more attention to the imortance as it can lead to
stroke$ kidney failure$ and early death.
Methods&Materials
The materials for my science fair ro,ect included a mercury %ased Shygmomanometer$ a stethoscoe$ camera$
comuter$ calculator$ test su%,ects$ gum$ timer$ ermission forms for signatures$ and use of a medical office. The survey
reNuired 5JJ enveloes$ stams$ and surveys. The method of my exeriment %egan %y my seaking to a few medical
rofessionals to determine a few factors that occur during the taking of %lood ressure readings to assist in rearing the
survey. ; then used the comleted surveys to create the exeriment to test the common method -community standard. of
having the %lood ressure taken while the test su%,ect was chewing gum$ crossing their legs$ tensing their testing arm$
sitting on the exam ta%le$ and talking as well as taking their %lood ressure under the ideal method.
Results
/ll common methods caused an increase in %lood ressure over ideal conditions. The %lood ressure while the test
su%,ects sat on the exam ta%le was lowest with an average increase of 5.6?mm :g systolic and *.9+mm:g diastolic.
Tensing the testing arm caused an increase of 6.9mm :g systolic and 6.7*mm :g diastolic while crossing the legs caused
an increase of 7.7*mm :g systolic and 6.6?mm :g diastolic. )hewing gum caused an increase of +.9+ systolic and 6.9+
diastolic. The highest increase occurred when the test su%,ect was talking. The mean showed an increase of +.>5 mm :g
systolic and +.Jmm :g diastolic.
"onclusions&)iscussion
#verall my survey and test su%,ect data showed that there are external events that are occurring during the testing of
%lood ressure and that these events do have an effect on the %lood ressure measurement. This does have an imact as an
incorrect value could misdiagnose or imroerly treat a ossi%le %lood ressure condition. The %est otion is to take
%lood ressures in the ideal method and for atients to %e educated and reared to do their art.
This ro,ect is to determine if the common method -community standard. for taking %lood ressure measurements is
accurate when comared to the readings taken using the ideal method for taking %lood ressure measurements.
Got Stamina
The objective: The original Nuestion for this ro,ect was what would %e the most effective form of extra exercise to %uild u stamina
for cometitive ;rish dancing. ; hyothesiLed that ,um roing would %e the most efficient tye of exercise.
Methods&Materials
; chose twelve girls of the age *7 who were similar in %ody tyes and all ;rish danced$ to %e art of my testing. ; %roke them off into
four grous$ three girls would ,um roe$ three would run$ three would walk$ and three would %e the control grou and would do no
exercise. The girls exercised for four weeks$ and they measured their heart rates each Sunday. =esting rates were measured when they
first woke u$ and working rates were measured after they did a minute and a half long dance that afternoon. ;ncluding a measurement
%efore the exercise eriod %egan$ there were + measurements of each tye for each girl.
Results
/fter doing some %asic calculations$ results roved that ,um roing was indeed the most effective form of exercise for %uilding u
stamina. "alking was second$ and running was third. The control grou2s stamina did not imrove at all.
"onclusions&)iscussion
/ll three tyes of exercise did increase stamina for the girls tested. =unning %oosted stamina 5?.6M$ and walking imrove stamina
5?.>M. Dum roing was the most efficient$ increasing stamina %y 65.6M. The control grou2s stamina remained the same$ further
roving that ,um roing is the most effective form of exercise to %uild u stamina.
This ro,ect is a%out finding the form of exercise that most efficiently %uilds u stamina for cometitive ;rish dancing.
alt: ,riend or ,oe
(bstract
The objective: There are many countries in the world that suffer from infertile or salty soil. This can drastically affect the
citiLens a%ility to grow food cros. The %asis for this ro,ect was to determine if lants would die when a saline solution
slightly less than the oceans was watered into the soil. ;f they did$ at what level of salinity would the lants cease to grow
and die. Deending on the lantsK salt toleration; it may %e ossi%le to grow certain lants in salty soil.
Methods&Materials
Bine %eans$ nine Lucchini$ and nine lettuce seeds were cultivated in indoor ots. @ach tye of lant was then watered at
three different salinities< three of each tye at 6Jg of salt er liter$ three at *+g of salt er liter$ and three of each tye as
controls with normal fresh water. /fter a%out ten days of testing$ all the exerimental lants were dead. )onseNuently$
four %eans$ four lettuce$ and four Lucchini lants were re-grown$ maintaining the regular watering of the healthy controls.
Two of each lant were watered with +g of salt er liter$ and two at *Jg of salt er liter; the lantsK rogress was o%served
every day.
Results
/t *+g and 6Jg of salt er liter$ the lants died relatively Nuickly. The lettuce were the less tolerant lants as they died
first$ followed %y the Lucchini and %eans at 6Jg of salt er liter$ and finally the Lucchini and %eans at *+g of salt er liter.
The %ean lants survived longer than %oth the Lucchini and lettuce. ;n the second set of testing$ though reaction time
decreased drastically$ all lants at *Jg er liter of salt and +g er liter of salt showed salt sots %y one week and a half.
They then continued to %ecome floy %y the end of the second week.
"onclusions&)iscussion
From the original test$ the results showed that Lucchini$ %eans$ and lettuce lants could not tolerate a level of salinity
greater than or eNual to *+g of salt er liter of water. The second exeriment showed that lants could not survive
healthily when +g of salt er liter was watered into the soil everyday. ;t would %e difficult to effectively grow these lants$
and ro%a%ly others similar$ in salty soil without them dying; however$ some lants are more tolerant than others$ as the
%ean lant seemed the hardiest towards salt in the first test.
The ro,ect is a fair test designed to see Salts affect on lant growth.
Lift of ice cubes:
Purpose
To lift an ice cu%e from a glass of water using a string.
Additional information
"hen ice and water come in contact$ they are said to %e in dynamic eNuili%rium with each other. During this hase$ two rocesses take
lace simultaneously O the molecules on the surface of the ice escae into the water %y the rocess of melting and the water molecules
are catured on the surface of the ice %y way of the rocess of freeLing.
Sponsored Links
Required materials
Ice cubes
Glass
Water
String
Salt shaker
Estimated Experiment Time
Eess than *J minutes
Step-By-Step Procedure
1. Fill the glass with water
2. Put an ice cube into the glass
3. Place the string over the ice cube
4. Sprinkle salt on the portion of the ice cube where the string makes contact with it
5. Lift the string after a minute or two.
ote
3lace the string on the ice cu%e in such a manner that the mid ortion of it makes contact with the ice cu%e; leave %oth ends of the
string on either side of the glass for an easy gras.
!bser"ation
The string will adhere to the ice cu%e at the area where salt was srinkled on it.
Result
The ice surrounding the string starts to melt and as it extracts heat from the surrounding water$ which in turn refreeLes around the
string. Su%seNuently the cu%e adheres tightly to the string and it can easily %e lifted using this string.
#$$ %REE &!'SE:
Purpose
To create a miniature greenhouse to grow living lants.
Additional information
(reenhouses are structures with glass or lastic enclosures -roofs and walls. and are mostly used to grow vegeta%les$ fruits$ lants$
flowers$ and to%acco. (reenhouses rotect cros from too much heat or cold and shield their inha%itants from storms and harsh
weather. They also hel kee out damaging ests. Some areas of the world rely on greenhouses as their means of survival$ esecially
those living in harsh landscaes such as deserts and arctic wastes.
Sponsored Links
Required materials
Clear plastic bottle (such as a large empt so!a bottle"
Planting soil
Small plant or see!ling
Wi!e tape
Scissors
Water
Estimated Experiment Time
Several days.
Step-By-Step Procedure
1. Wash the bottle thoroughl so that it#s clean. $on#t worr if it#s still wet insi!e.
2. Cut the bottle in half
3. %ake the bottom part of the bottle an! &ll it half'wa with the planting soil.
4. Plant the see!ling or small plant in the soil( making sure to cover all the roots.
5. Place the top half of the bottle back on to the bottom half an! use the tape to seal them together( making
sure it#s air tight an! there#s no leaks.
6. Put a few !rops of water into the bottle. Place the cap back on.
7. Place our mini greenhouse near a win!ow where it will get plent of sun an! leave it there.
8. )fter a few !as ou will notice the bottle *sweating*. If the bottle gets too moist( open the cap an! let it
!r out for a while.
ote
;t2s imortant to use a clean %ottle$ free of any residue. ;t may %e easier to clean the %ottle once it2s already %een cut in half. /sk for an
adults hel if you don2t have safety scissors or you find cutting the %ottle to %e difficult -it can %e tricky to get the first cut going..
!bser"ation
"hat do you think is haening inside the greenhouse that would cause it to 8sweat8! #%serve your lant at least once a day and note
it2s growth. /fter a week$ has your lant started to grow! "hat do you think is the key element in the lant2s growth!
Result
The sun causes the temerature inside the greenhouse to rise. &ecause the lid is sealed the air inside stars heated$ even when air
outside the greenhouse cools down. This means the air inside turns to water the feeds the lant and kees it alive.
$($S$BLE $):
Purpose
To demonstrate how the acidic roerties of lemons can %e used to make lemon ,uice act as an invisi%le ink.
Additional information
Eemon2s are rimarily used for culinary uroses and are cultivated from wild lants. Their high citric acid level$ which is a%out +M of
it2s dry weight$ gives lemons a tart taste and also makes them rime candidates for use in various educational science exeriments.
&eyond it2s use in fun and exciting science ro,ects$ citric acid has many other alied uses including %iotechnology and cleaning
solutions.
Sponsored Links
Required materials
Fresh whole lemons or concentrate! lemon +uice (,-% lemona!e"
Small bowl
White paper
Small !etail paintbrush with &ne bristles
Light bulb( sunshine( or other heat source
Estimated Experiment Time
/%out *J to 5J minutes
Step-By-Step Procedure
1. If ou#re using whole lemons( cut the lemons in half an! s.uee/e their +uice into our small bowl. If ou#re
using concentrate! lemon +uice( pour a small portion into our bowl.
2. Place our brush into the bowl so the bristles are covere! with lemon +uice (our *ink*".
3. Write or !raw something on our white paper with the *ink* from the paintbrush. 0ou ma nee! to re'coat
our paintbrush several times to complete our message or picture.
4. )llow several minutes for the paper to !r. -nce !r( ou#ll have what looks like a blank sheet of paper.
5. When ou#re rea! to reveal our hi!!en message or picture( hol! our paper up to a heat source (for
e1ample( an e1pose! light bulb from a lamp that gives o2 heat".
6. )fter a short time being e1pose! to the heat( our message or picture will beginning to take form as it
!arkens to a pale brown color( revealing what it is3
ote
&e P@=9 careful when holding your aer u to a heat source or light %ul%' The heat emanating from the heat source may %e strong
enough to ignite the aer. Cake sure you have an adult around to hel suervise the revealing of the invisi%le message 4 icture to
ensure safety.
!bser"ation
)an you think of another way you could get the invisi%le ink to reveal the message or icture without using a heat source! :ere2s a
hint... try using salt and wax crayons' :ow a%out using another liNuid as your invisi%le ink! )an you think of any others that would
make worthy su%stitutes! "hat would haen if you used a different style %rush! "hat if you didn2t have a %rush$ can you think of an
alternative to aint your icture or write your message!
Result
Eemons are naturally high in acid. "hen the acidic lemon ,uice is alied to the aer$ it weakens the aer material. "hen the aer
is heated$ the remaining acid on aer turns %rown$ revealing the hidden message or icture.