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Strength Of Materials Share:
We are involved in providing our clients with premium quality deflection of beams apparatus, advanced beam testing
apparatus and torsion of bars for checking strength of the materials. All the apparatus are highly capable.
Deflection Of Beams Apparatus
Features
Rigid base and supports
Choice of end conditions
a) knife edge
b) built-in
Beams or cantilevers
Deflection and slope measurable
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. Verification of beam deflection formula
2. Deflection and slope of beams and cantilevers
3. Verification of both area - moment theorems
Description
The bench mounted apparatus has a heavy steel base with a fixed
support at one end and a moveable support at the other. The
supports can be fitted with knife edges or clamp plates one of
which permits horizontal movement for an encastre beam. A steel
beam and two load hangers are supplied together with two dial
gauges for measuring beam deflections and slopes.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Deflection Of Beams Apparatus
Features
Rigid base and supports
Choice of end conditions
a) knife edge
b) built-in
Beams or cantilevers
Deflection and slope measurable
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. Verification of beam deflection formula
2. Deflection and slope of beams and cantilevers
3. Verification of both area - moment theorems
Description
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The bench mounted apparatus has a steel base with a fixed
support at one end and a moveable support at the other.
The supports can be fitted with knife edges or clamp plates.
A steel beam and two load hangers are supplied together
with two dial gauges for measuring beam deflections and
slopes.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Advanced Beam Testing Apparatus
Cost Effective Teaching
Comprehensive theory of beams
Simple and propped cantilevers
Simply supported, fixed and continuous beams
Three piers measure positive and
negative reactions
Piers include a re-levelling system
Three dial gauges on stands
Point loads and distributed loading
Six test beams to verify all variables
Two optional extra sets of selected beams
Data logging option
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. All variables in deflection of beams
2. Slope and curvature of beams
3. Support reactions of single span and continuous beams
4. Effect of sinking supports
5. Area moment theorems
6. Super-position
7. Clerk Maxwell's reciprocal theorum
8. Flitched beams
9. Non-uniform beams
Description
The apparatus provided allows an unlimited range of beam
experiments to be performed to measure support reactions and
the deflections and rotations of simply supported, fixed and two
span continuous beams. The end clamp also offers work on simple
and propped cantilevers. In addition the effect of sinking supports
on a continuous beam can be studied.
The experiments are assembled on a bench mounted twin beam
base standing on end frames with levelling feet. Three load
measuring piers with a digital read out in decaNewtons can be
clamped to the base anywhere within its length of 1.2 m. These
piers are equipped with a height correction system to compensate
for the vertical deflection of the load indicator and are fitted with
beam connectors which provide pinned conditions for both
downward and upward beam reactions. A fourth pier is a simple
clamp for supporting a cantilever or the fixed end of a beam.
Three dial gauges on stands can be clamped anywhere on the
base. Four load hangers provide for point loads, while a set of
slotted weights can be used to simulate a distributed load on a
beam. The set of test beams affords the study of all the variables
in the standard formula for uniform beams.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
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Torsion Of Bars Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Bench-mounted
Direct application of torque and measurement of angle of
twist
Determination of modulus of rigidity for different materials
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To measure the angle of twist produced by torsional loads
for various specimens and verify that the relationship is
linear.
2. To determine the modulus of rigidity for specimens of
various materials
Description
Torsional loads are common in power transmission shafts, and in
certain cases can also occur in structural members. It is thus very
important that engineers understand the relationship between the
torsional load applied to a particular beam and the angular twist
produced. Also, engineers must understand how this relationship
varies with the material from which the beam is made and its
cross sectional polar moment of area. This apparatus allows these
relationships to be investigated directly.
Specimens are rigidly held in a clamp fixed to one end of the base
frame of the apparatus. A short shaft mounted in the bearing has
a three jaw chuck facing the clamp and a torsion head at the
outward side. The torsion head and chuck are used to apply
torsional loads to the specimen. A rotation scale and pointer can
be attached to any point on the specimen's length to find the
angle of twist of the specimen. Four specimens are provided as
standard, namely :
Mild steel rod 460 x 5mm dia.
Brass rod 460 x 5 mm dia.
Aluminium alloy rod 460 x 4.76mm dia.
Nylon rod 460 x 6.35mm dia.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Eccentrically Loaded Tie Apparatus
Features
Low cost, effective teaching
Self-contained
Bench-mounted
Combined bending and tension
Three eccentricities
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To measure the vertical bending deflection of the bar and to
compare with theoretical predictions.
2. To assess the effect of eccentricity of loading.
Description
Sometimes in the design of a structure, a tension member has to
be offset from the line of action of the force. The member then
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has to carry combined tension and bending loads, the latter
increasing with the eccentricity of the load. The eccentricity
is exaggerated to make visual appreciation of the
phenomenon possible. When the load line is outside the
middle third of a square tie bar, as in this experiment, the
bending moment predominates and the bending deflection
may be considerable.
The apparatus enables both the load and eccentricity to be
varied. A 9mm square section by 800mm long specimen is
provided, together with dial gauge and load hanger.
Different shaped specimens can be manufactured in the
college workshop as required.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Extension Of Wires Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Simple determination of Young's modulus
Verification of hooke's law
Range of specimen material and thickness available
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To determine Young's modulus of elasticity for the specimen
wire
2. To verify Hooke's Law
Description
Loaded wires form a simple experiment which produces excellent
and easy to understand results. A single wire can be used to
determine Young's Modulus of Elasticity for the material, and to
confirm Hooke's Law.
Two brackets are secured to a wall minimum 2m apart in a vertical
line; a top bracket from which to hang a specimen wire, and a
slider bracket used to measure the extension of the wire. The
slider includes a vernier for accurate measurement. For safety, the
lower bracket should be reasonably close to the ground.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Compound Wires Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Simple determination of Young's modulus
Verification of Hooke's Law
Range of specimen material and thickness available
Investigation of stresses in compound
suspension
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
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1. To determine Young's modulus of elasticity for the
specimen wire
2. To verify Hooke's Law
3. To evaluate the equivalent modulus of elasticity for
the combined wire suspension
4. To determine the load in the wire under conditions of
equal strain in each wire.
5. To compare experimental and theoretical results
Description
Loaded wires form a simple experiment which produces
excellent and easy to understand results. A single wire can
be used to determine Young's Modulus of Elasticity for the
material, and to confirm Hooke's Law. With two wires, the
experiment can be widened to investigate the effective
characteristics of two different materials subjected to a
common strain.
Two parallel sets of brackets are secured to a wall minium
2m apart in a vertical line; a top bracket from which to
hang a specimen wire, and a slider bracket used to measure
the extension of the wire. The slider includes a vernier for
accurate measurement. For safety, the lower bracket should
be reasonably close to the ground. The lower ends of each
slide are connected by a link. A load hanger can be moved
along the link until strains are equalised in each wire. The
wires may be of different materials, but must be the same
length.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Extension Of Springs Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Demonstrates Hooke's Law
Measurement of spring stiffness
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To test the relationship between the load applied and the
change in length of a spring (Hooke's Law)
2. To determine spring stiffness
3. For more advanced courses, the dependence of spring
stiffness on the wire diameter, spring diameter, length,
number of turns and material. Comparison with theoretical
estimate.
Description
Springs are used in engineering to store energy or to provide
restoring forces. Both compression and tension springs may be
encountered. The deflection of a spring depends on the load
applied to it, an observation enshrined in Hooke's Law.
Applications of springs are found in spring balances which indicate
loads by measuring spring deflections and in car suspensions
where they absorb energy caused by wheel vertical movement due
to potholes and bumps.
The equipment is designed to be fitted to a wall. It is used to test
tension springs up to 200mm in length. The maximum spring
diameter is 38mm.
A weight hanger is used to apply a load to the spring. Spring
deflection is measured with a sliding scale which can be easily re-
zeroed to suit the length of the spring. A spring, weight hanger
and weights are supplied with each piece of equipment.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
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A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Compression Of Springs Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Demonstrates Hooke's Law
Measurement of spring stiffness
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To test the relationship between the load applied and the
change in length of a spring (Hooke's Law)
2. To determine spring stiffness
3. For more advanced courses, the dependence of spring
stiffness on the wire diameter, spring diameter, length,
number of turns and material. Comparison with theoretical
estimate.
Description
Springs are used in engineering to store energy or to provide
restoring forces. Both compression and tension springs may be
encountered. The deflection of a spring depends on the load
applied to it, an observation enshrined in Hooke's Law.
Applications of springs are found in spring balances which indicate
loads by measuring spring deflections and in car suspensions
where they absorb energy caused by wheel vertical movement due
to potholes and bumps.
The equipment is designed to be fitted to a wall. It can use
compression springs up to 150mm long. The maximum spring
diameter is 38mm.
A weight hanger is used to apply a load to the spring. Spring
deflection is measured with a sliding scale which can be easily re-
zeroed to suit the length of the spring. A spring, weight hanger
and weights are supplied with each piece of equipment.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Internal Elastic Forces Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Simulates strains for a bolt stressing
a tube
Determination of stiffness of tension and compression
springs
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To determine the stiffness of springs in tension and
compression
2. To investigate a self-straining system similar to a bolt in a
tube. In particular to measure the reduction in length of the
"tube", and the forces in the springs
3. To measure the increase in length and forces in the system
due to applying an external tensile load
Description
The apparatus is a self straining system analogous to a bolt
stressing a tube, enabling the final overall deflection of the system
to be determined. It consists of a frame in which there are two
springs. A tension spring with means of adjusting its length has a
disc at its lower end. Between this disc and the top of the frame is
fitted a compression spring. A weight hanger attached to the disc
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enables the two springs to be loaded. The stiffness of the
two springs is different so that an overall deflection is
induced.
The two springs can be installed separately in the frame so
that the stiffness of each can be determined. In the case of
the compression spring, it is necessary to apply loads
through a cord and pulley arrangement. A graduated scale
alongside the disc shows the deflection of the spring(s).
Excellent results are achieved due to the low friction of the
equipment.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Deflection of Curved Bars Apparatus
Features
Universal machine
Compact, bench mounted
Four specimens supplied: Circular ring,
Semi-circle, Quadrant and Davit
Measurement of oscillation frequency
Measurement of horizontal and vertical deflections by dial
gauges
Demonstrates strain energy concepts
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To experimentally determine the vertical and horizontal
deflections of various curved bars whose cross sectional
dimensions are small compared with the bar radius.
2. To compare with theoretical estimates using strain energy
theories such as Castigliano's first theorem.
Description
The theoretical deflections of curved shapes are most easily found
by applying strain energy ideas, such as Castigliano's first
theorem. The shapes chosen provide a relatively easy introduction
to the use of such techniques, which students often seem to find
difficult to grasp.
A bench mounted base supports a curved bar formed into a ring,
semi-circle or quadrant/davit. Loads are applied by specially
designed weight hangers so that the specimen bends. Horizontal
and vertical deflections are measured by dial gauges rigidly
attached to the base. The bars can be readily changed and the
position of the dial gauges relocated to measure the deflections of
the new configuration. Bars, weight hangers and a set of weights
are supplied.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Combined Bending and Torsion Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Bench-mounted
Range of specimen materials
Introduction to theories of failure
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Bending and torsional loading ratios
variable
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To determine elastic failure of a specimen subjected
to several ratios of bending and torsion
simultaneously
2. To compare the results with the established theories
of failure
Description
Much of the design of parts in mechanical and civil
engineering is complicated by there being biaxial or triaxial
stresses for which some failure state has to be determined.
Obvious examples are high pressure cylinders containing
liquids or gases and concrete hinges for large bridge
bearings. For more than a century, physicists,
mathematicians and engineers have been proposing various
theories of failure. Some theories have been attempts to
explain observed failures while a few have tried to base a
mechanism on fundamental properties of materials.
It is evident that there is a considerable difference between
the behavior of ductile and brittle materials. That apart, it is
quite difficult to determine failure with sufficient accuracy in
experiments designed to show which failure theory is most
applicable. Hence, it is frequently found that codes of
practice lay down what appears to be a somewhat empirical
design method which experience has proved to be
workable.
This simple machine uses inexpensive test specimens made
from round bar. The specimen is clamped at one end to the
base bracket and at the other to a counterbalanced circular
loading plate. This plate is graduated in 15 intervals. A
special hanger enables pure bending, pure torque or
combined loads to be applied depending on the position of
the plate. The specimen deflection is measured by a dial
gauge mounted diametrically opposite the load point. In the
event of a specimen failure safety is ensured by set screws
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Critical Load On Struts Apparatus
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Seven mild steel struts supplied
Extra strut available, eccentrically loaded
Tests pivoted or built-in ends
Longitudinal and lateral loading
Comparison with theoretical predictions
3 year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. Determination of Young's modulus of Elasticity for specimen
material
2. Struts with pivoted ends, but varying lengths
a) to assess the effect of slenderness ratio on crippling load
for the same specimen material
b) to compare with Euler and Perry-Robertson formula
predictions
3. Struts of same length, but different end fixings
a) to assess the effect of end constraint on crippling load
b) to compare with Euler and Perry-Robertson formula
predictions
c) to observe the shape of each critically loaded strut
4. Slender strut with eccentric loading (optional accessory)
a) to investigate how the lateral deflection of an
eccentrically loaded strut varies with the applied load and
eccentricity and to produce a Southwell plot.
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b) to compare the experimental and theoretical
values for maximum lateral deflection
Description
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A piece of material in compression is called a strut. If it is
short and stubby it will fail by compressive stress, but if it is
slender the failure mode is that of buckling. The load at
which the strut buckles depends on the way in which the
ends are restrained. Built-in ends resist buckling more than
ends which are free to move. The apparatus shows how the
buckling mechanism occurs, and the influence of the end
restraint.
The apparatus is rigid and wall mounted. It can test struts
between 0.75 m and 1 m in length with either pivoted or
built-in ends. Axial load is applied to a load hanger linked
by cables to the yoked ram whose travel can be pre-set to
prevent permanent damage to the strut. A lateral load can
be applied at any position to the strut. Seven mild steel
specimens are supplied as standard. A dial gauge is
supplied to measure strut deflection.
With this equipment, an in depth study can be made of the
factors that effect the buckling of a strut; its length, cross
section, material and end restraint.
Young's modulus for the strut material is derived in a
secondary experiment, using the same equipment but with
a specimen loaded as a beam.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Critical Condition Of Struts
Features
Low cost, effective teaching
Self-contained
Bench-mounted
Demonstration of shape of a deflected
strut
Direct loading gives highly visual impact
of Euler theory
All possible end constraints
Comparison with theoretical predictions
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To observe the behaviour of four struts of the same length
but with different end constraints when subjected to
buckling loads.
2. To compare the result with theoretical predictions, such as
Euler's formula.
Description
A piece of material in compression is called a strut. If it is short
and stubby it will fail by compressive stress, but if it is slender the
failure mode is that of buckling. The load at which the strut
buckles depends on the way in which the ends are restrained. Built
-in ends resist buckling more than ends which are free to move.
The apparatus shows how the buckling mechanism occurs, and the
influence of the end restraint.
The apparatus comprises a sheet metal frame which supports four
slender spring steel struts having loading platforms at their top
ends. Each strut has a different end constraint so that
comparisons can be instantly made in a highly visible way.
a) Both ends pinned
b) One end pinned, the other end fixed
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c) Both ends fixed
d) Base fixed, top free
For the first three, the ends move inwards as the strut
buckles. The loading platforms act through relatively friction
free guide bushes.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Torsion Of A Spiral Spring
Features
Low cost, effective teaching
Self-contained
Wall-mounted
Measurement of torsional stiffness
Demonstration of Hooke's law for
torsional spring
Comparison with theoretical predictions
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To compare the experimental stiffness of a plane spiral
spring with theoretical predictions.
2. To observe if the spring exhibits a linear elastic behavior.
Description
Spiral springs are used to provide a resisting or restoring torque to
a shaft when it is rotated through an angular displacement. They
exhibit similar stiffness characteristics to linear springs, except
that the effect is one of torque rather than force. The stiffness of a
spiral spring depends on its physical dimensions and the rigidity of
the steel strip from which it is formed. The student can easily
calculate the theoretical stiffness of the spring, and compare the
value with simple experimental results.
The wall mounted unit consists of a spiral spring coiled from a
length of 25 x 0.6mm steel strip to give an effective length of 2
metres, attached to a shaft mounted in ball bearings. A cord
carrying a weight hanger is wound round the shaft, and a load
applied to twist the spring. Spring deflection is measured with an
attached 360 scale. A cord and weight hanger are supplied.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Calibration Of Electrical Resistance Strain Gauges
Features
Cost, effective
Self-contained
Calibration of strain gauges to
Determination of gauge factor
Introduction to calibration and standards
Introduction to probability of production
errors of batch made strain gauges
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To study the application of structural theory in strain gauge
calibration
2. To asses the accuracy of calibration techniques
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3. To introduce the application of probability theory in
production quality control
Description
Based on BSI Draft for development 6:1972 this gauge
factor test rig is a precision item specially designed for
measuring the gauge factor of an electrical resistance strain
gauge. It also demonstrates how structural theory is used
to determine the strain on the surface of a test bar for
calibration purposes.
The apparatus is based on a four point loading system
which produces circular bending in the center section of a
precision ground steel beam. A device for measuring the
curvature over a length of 300mm has been calibrated to
give direct readings of strain up to 1000 micro stain.
For demonstration purposes a pair of electrical resistance
gauges have been bonded to the beam, but for calibration
work users will bond their own gauges in accordance with
DD6/1972.
An extension from the normal technical experiment is to
introduce students to probability theory to assess likely
differences in gauge factor due to batch manufacture.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Electrical Resistance Strain Gauge
Features
Low cost effective teaching
Bench mounted
Self contained
Wheatstone bridge and temperature compensation dummy
gauge included
Introduction to strain gauges
Bending and Torsion included
Optional extras for Tension and
Compression
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To show the application of strain gauges in the
measurement of stress, due to bending and torsion
2. To demonstrate the use of a Wheatstone Bridge in
measuring change of resistance.
3. With the optional extras to show other methods of
temperature compensation in conjunction with tension and
compression specimens.
Description
The apparatus has been designed to illustrate the basic features of
electrical resistance strain gauges and their application to
measurement of strain and the derivation of stress levels, in
bending, torsion, tension and compression.
An alloy cantilever has a single gauge bonded onto its surface, and
an identical gauge is fixed to an unstressed piece of the same
material for temperature compensation. The two gauges form part
of a Wheatstone Bridge which has an apex or balancing
potentiometer, and whose meter is calibrated directly in
microstrains. The cantilever is loaded by weights hung from its
free end, a weight hanger is included.
To extend the scope of the apparatus the cantilever can be
replaced by a torsion bar having two gauges bonded orthogonally
at 45
For a complete study of strain gauging two optional extra
accessories demonstrate averaging techniques for tension and
compression specimens.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
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the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being
taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Rotating Fatigue Machine Mk3
Features
Self contained
Bench mounted
Fully guarded
Digital readout of revolutions to failure
Motor stops when specimen fails
Necked specimens, steel, aluminium alloy
and brass
Ideal introduction to fatigue
Optional extra for alternating bending
fatigue
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
1. To make an introductory study of fatigue using a Wohler
rotating fatigue apparatus, including the time to failure
caused by various stress levels and materials
2. The accessory, HSM19X affords bending fatigue of a
cantilevered strip of metal or plastic in modes varying from
alternating to fluctuating stresses
Description
This machine has been designed to introduce students to the
effects of fatigue. A simple cantilever specimen rotates at about
5700 or 1425 revs/min, inducing a sinusoidal variation of bending
stress. At the faster speed, a third of a million stress reversals
occur each hour, so failure should occur within a day. Failure can
be hastened by using a specimen with a stress raiser.
The loading system cancels its own self weight enabling any
desired value of bending stress to be applied, ten mild steel
specimens are supplied. Axiality has been ensured, and care has
been taken to reduce the effects of vibration. When failure occurs,
a microswitch stops the motor and the cycles to failure are
registered on a 5 digit revolution counter.
All rotating parts are shielded and a safety guard is provided to
restrain the broken specimen. The apparatus is mounted on a
heavy steel base plate and is designed to overhang the bench or
pedestal on which it is placed. Ideally a heavy pedestal (eg
concrete), isolated from the floor by rubber matting, should be
used to minimise shock loads.
An additional accessory for alternating bending fatigue and
additional specimens are available.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both demonstrate
and experimentally confirm basic engineering principles. Great
care has been given to each item so as to provide wide
experimental scope without unduly complicating or compromising
the design. Each piece of apparatus is self-contained and compact.
Setting up time is minimal, and all measurements are made with
the simplest possible instrumentation, so that the student
involvement is purely with the engineering principles being taught.
A complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and typical test
results.
Alternating Bending Fatigue Machine
Features
Self-contained
Bench-mounted
Fully guarded
Digital readout of revolutions to failure
Determination of gauge factor
Motor stops when specimen fails
Specimens from strips of plastics or metals
Special setting details supplied
Optional extra for rotating fatigue
Three year warranty
Range of Experiments
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1. Bending fatigue of a cantilevered strip of metal or
plastic in modes varying from alternating to
fluctuating stresses
2. The accessory HSM20X allows an introductory study
of fatigue using a Wohler rotating fatigue test,
including time to failure caused by various stress
levels and materials
Description
To extend the range of fatigue testing to strips of plastic or
metal, this variant of the popular rotating fatigue machine
HSM19 has been developed. Using the drive mechanism
and base plate of the new HSM19 Mk.3 with a heavy steel
portal straddling the width of the base an alternating
displacement can be imposed on the free end of a
cantilever. The frequency of the reciprocating force is
around 24Hz for plastics or 100Hz for metals.
A rotating faceplate carries an adjustable eccentric bearing
driving a connecting rod attached to the cantilever. The
bridge to which this test piece is clamped can be adjusted
vertically so that the imposed displacement can be varied. A
counter with a 50:1 reduction gear is driven by the electric
motor, offering a 1:100 or 1:25 count depending on the
drive ratio to the faceplate. Microswitches detect failure of
the specimen and stop the motor.
To test a specimen a special dial gauge enables a calculated
deflection to be set for the actual maximum bending stress
of the specimen. An instruction manual containing a set of
nomograms is provided to assist the user.
Great care has been taken to minimise extraneous
vibration. All moving parts are shielded within a protective
cover which can be removed during setting up. A guard
surrounds the connecting rod to prevent damage when the
specimen breaks.
It is possible to add extra parts (HSM20X) to this machine
so that the rotating fatigue test can be carried out as an
alternative.
This equipment is part of a range designed to both
demonstrate and experimentally confirm basic engineering
principles. Great care has been given to each item so as to
provide wide experimental scope without unduly
complicating or compromising the design. Each piece of
apparatus is self-contained and compact. Setting up time is
minimal, and all measurements are made with the simplest
possible instrumentation, so that the student involvement is
purely with the engineering principles being taught. A
complete instruction manual is provided describing the
apparatus, its application, experimental procedure and
typical test results.
Contact Us
Mr. Kunal Chopra (CEO)
Atico House No. 5309, Grain Market, Near B. D. Senior Secondary School
Ambala, Haryana - 133 001, India
Call Us: +(91)-8373903563
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