18th Century Material Culture

The British Army

His Majestys General Ocers

Lieutenant General
Sir Jeery Amherst

Lieutenant General Sir Jeery Amherst

by Sir Joshua Reynolds c. 1768
(Yale Center of British Art)

Lieutenant General Sir Jeery Amherst

by Sir Joshua Reynolds c. 1768
(Yale Center of British Art)

Lieutenant General Sir Jeery Amherst

by Sir Joshua Reynolds c. 1768
(National Gallery of Canada))

Lieutenant General Sir Jeery Amherst

by Ozias Humphrey c. 1768
(Private Collection)

Lieutenant General Lord Jerey Amherst

In the Manner of Gilbert Stuart c. 1776 - 1778
(Aldefir House)

Jeery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (1717-1797), Field Marshal

by Thomas Gainsborough c. 1785
(National Portrait Gallery)

Jeery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (1717-1797), Field Marshal

by Robert Edge Pine (1733 - 1788)
(Sothebys)

Elizabeth, Lady Amherst

by Sir Joshua Reynolds
(Sothebys)

Captain General
Prince William Augustus
Duke of Cumberland

William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by William Hogarth 1732
(Yale Center for British Art)

William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by William Hogarth 1732
(Yale Center for British Art)

William Augustus
after Johann Elias Ridinger
(The Royal Collection)

His Royal Highness William Duke of Cumberland

after Gerhard Brockman
(The Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1745
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1745
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1746 - 1750
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1746 - 1750
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1746 - 1750
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(National Trust)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(Royal Collection)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(National Army Museum)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(National Portrait Gallery)

Captain General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by David Morier c. 1748 - 1749
(National Portrait Gallery)

Captain-General Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland

by British School c. 1755
(Royal Collection)

General John
Gentleman Johnny
Burgoyne

General John Burgoyne

after Alan Ramsay c, 1755
(Frick Museum)

General John Burgoyne

by Sir Joshua Reynolds c. 1766
(Frick Museum)

Le gnral Burgoyne Saratoga, le 17 8bre 1777, a t pris prisonnier de guerre avec toute son arme
by anonymous 1781
(The British Museum)

General John Burgoyne

by James Sayers, Published by Charles Bretherton 17 June 1782
(The British Museum)

Study of General John Burgoyne: The Funeral of General Fraser at Saratoga

by John Graham 1784
(National Army Museum)

Major General the Honorable

Cadwallader Lord Blayne

Major General the Honorable Cadwallader Lord Blayney, Baron Blayney of Monaghan, circa 1766
Attributed to William Thompson
(Library and Museum of Freemasonry)

Major General the Honorable Cadwallader Lord Blayney, Baron Blayney of Monaghan, circa 1766
Attributed to William Thompson

Major General
Archibald Campbell

Major General Sir Archibald Campbell of Ivernell & Ross

by George Romney 1785

General
John Campbell

General John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll

by Thomas Gainsborough
(Sothebys Auction House)

General
Sir Henry Clinton

Sir Henry Clinton

by Andrea Soldi c. 1762 - 1765
(American Museum in Britain)

General, Sir, Henry Clinton

(National Army Museum)

General, Sir, Henry Clinton

General, Sir, Henry Clinton

Liverpool, England 1780
(Philadelphia Museum of Art)

General, Sir, Henry Clinton

by English School

Major General
Robert Clive

The Honorable Robert, First Baron Clive of Plassey, K.B., Former Governor of Bengal , K.B.
by Thomas Gainsborough c. 1764
(National Army Museum)

Major General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive

by Nathaniel Dance-Holland
(National Portrait Gallery)

Major General the Honorable Robert Clive, First Baron Clive of Plassey, K.B.
by Nathaniel Dance - Holland c. 1770
(National Trust)

Major General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive

by John Smart after Nathaniel Dance-Holland
(National Trust)

Major General the Honorable Robert Clive, First Baron Clive of Plassey, K.B.
by John Smart after Nathaniel Dance - Holland c. 1770
(National Trust)

Major General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive

by Nathaniel Dance-Holland c. 1770
(National Trust, Powis Castle)

Major General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive

by Nathaniel Dance-Holland
(Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford)

Robert Clive & Mir Jafar

byFrancis Hayman c. 1757

Clive and Nawab of Bengal

by Thomas Penny

Lieutenant General
Sir Eyre Coot

Lieutenant General Sir Eyre Coote, K.B., British Commander-in-Chief in India

by John Thomas Seton c. , 1777 - 1783
(The British Library)

Lieutenant General Sir Eyre Coote, K.B., British Commander-in-Chief in India

by Henry Robert Robert Morland c. 1763
(National Portrait Gallery)

His Excellency Sr. Eyre Coote, Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Bath, Lieutenant General in His Majestys Service, Commander
in Chief of all His Majestys and the East India Companys Forces in the East Indies, and a Member of the Supreme Council in Bengal,
Engraved by James Walker after William Lawrenson 1782
(Winterthur)

Lieutenant General Sir Eyre Coote, K.B., British Commander-in-Chief in India

Lieutenant General
Giles Stibbert

Portrait of a Gentleman with His Clerk (Lt. General General Giles Stibbert & William Hickey)
by John Thomas Seaton c. 1783 - 1785
(Sothebys Auction House)

General
Charles Earl Cornwallis

General Charles Earl Cornwallis

by Hugh Douglas Hamilton c. 1770

General Charles Earl Cornwallis

by Thomas Gainsborough 1783
(National Portrait Gallery, London)

Lieutenant General Charles, Second Earl Cornwallis

by Thomas Gainsborough 1783
(Royal Collection)

General Charles Earl Cornwallis

CHARLES Earl CORNWALLIS Lieut. Genl. And Col. of the 33rd Regiment of Foot

Staordshire Cloak Pin Lord Cornwallis

(Winterthur)

The SURRENDER of EARL CORNWALLIS...

by William Hamilton 1783
(Colonial Williamsburg)

The SURRENDER of CORNWALLIS at Yorktown

French 1781
(Colonial Williamsburg)

Lieutenant General
Edward Cornwallis

Lt. Gen. Hon. Edward Cornwallis

General
Robert Douglas

General Robert Douglas Riding Out

by James Seymour

Colonel & Brigadier General

Samuel Elbert

Attributed to:
Colonel & Brigadier General Samuel Elbert
(Descendent Richard Elbert Whitehead)

General
George Augustus Elliot

Detail of General George Augustus Elliot

The Siege and Relief of Gibraltar, 13 September 1782"
by John Singleton Copley c. 1783

GEORG AUGUST ELLIOT

After Richard Purcell 1782
(The British Museum)

The Right Hon Sir GEORGE AUGUSTUS ELLIOTT....

by Carington Bowles 1782
(The British Museum)

Medallion of G. ELLIOT (SIC)

1783
(The British Museum)

Medallion of Lord Heathfield (George Augustus Eliott)

18th Century
(The British Museum)

Wedgwood Jasperware Medallion of George Augustus Eliott

c. 1787
(The British Museum)

General George Augustus Eliott, Governor of Gibraltar

by Mather Brown

General George Augustus Eliott

by Antonio Poggi c. 1783
(National Army Museum)

General George Augustus Eliott

by Johann Zoany
(Government Art Collection)

The COCK of the ROCK.

by S.W. Fores 1786
(The British Museum)

The COCK of the ROCK.

by S.W. Fores 1786
(The British Museum)

General George Augustus Eliott

by Mather Brown 1788
(The Athenaeum)

General George Augustus Eliott, Governor of Gibraltar

by Joshua Reynolds c. 1787
(National Gallery)

George Augustus Eliott

by John Boydell after Sir Joshua Reynolds 1788
(The British Museum)

General
Sir Henry Erskine

General Sir Henry Erskine

by Allan Ramsey c. 1750
(Huntington Museum of Art)

Brigadier General
Simon Frasier

Brigadier General Simon Frasier

by Donald N. Moran

General
Thomas Gage

General Thomas Gage

by Jeremiah Meyer c. 1775
(National Portrait Gallery)

General Thomas Gage

by John Singleton Copley c. 1788
(Yale Center for British Art)

Margaret Kemble Gage, Wife of General Thomas Gage

by John Singleton Copley c. 1771
(Tinken Museum of Art)

Major General
Henry Gladwin

Major General Henry Gladwin

by John Hall
(Detroit Institute of Arts)

Commander General
Robert Gordon

Commander General Robert Gordon of New Grove, County Cork

by Hugh Douglas Hamilton c. 1780
(Adams Auction House, Castle Country House Collection)

Major General
Richard Grenville

Major General Richard Grenville

by Gilbert Stuart c. 1780
(Christies Auction House)

Major General
John Hade

Major General John Hale

by Sir Joshua Reynoldds c. 1777

Captain General
Frederick Haldimand

Lieutenant General Sir Frederick Haldimand

by John Francis Rigaud c. 1775 - 1785
Morges Chateau Military Museums

Lieutenant General Sir Frederick Haldimand

by Sir Joshua Reynolds
(National Portrait Gallery)

Scene at Montmorency Falls near General Haldimand's Country House, Quebec , 1783
by James Peachey
(Public Archives of Canada)

Scene at Montmorency Falls near General Haldimand's Country House, Quebec , 1783
by James Peachey
(Public Archives of Canada)

Major General
Charles Howard

Major General the Honourable Sir Charles Howard, CB, Colonel of the Regiment
by David Morier (1738 - 1748)
(The Green Howards Regimental Museum)

Lieutenant General
George Howard

Lieutenant General George Howard

by James Northcote c. 1770
(National Army Museum)

General
Sir William Howe

General, Sir William Howe

(Library & Archives Canada)

General, The HON.ble S.r W.m HOWE

(The Ann S.K. Brown Collection)

The Conference between the Brothers HOW to get Rich

by W. Williams 1777
(The British Museum)

Lieutenant General
Sir John Irwin

Review of Troops in the Phoenix Park , Dublin , by Lieutenant General Sir John Irwin, K.B., 1781
by Francis Wheatley
)National Portrait Gallery, London)

Review of Troops in the Phoenix Park , Dublin , by Lieutenant General Sir John Irwin, K.B., 1781
by Francis Wheatley
)National Portrait Gallery, London)

General
William Johnson

General William Johnson Saving a Wounded French Ocer

by Benjamin West c. 1768
(Derby Museums & Art Gallery)

General William Johnson

by John Wollaston
(Albany Institute of History and Art)

Sir William Johnson Major General of the English Forces in North America 1756
London 1756
(Lord Durham)

General
George Keppel

General George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albermarle, K.G.

by Sir Joshua Reynolds

General George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albermarle, K.G.

by Edward Fisher, after Sir Joshua Reynolds c. 1782
(National Portrait Gallery)

General George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albermarle, K.G. (1724-1772)

by Frances Cotes

General
William Keppel

General William Keppel Storming the Morro Castle

by Sir Joshua Reynolds

General
William Henry Kerr

Lieutenant General William Henry Kerr, Earl of Ancram

by David Morier 1758
(National Galleries of Scotland)

Major General
William Kingsley

Major General William Kingsley

by Joshua Reynolds c. 1760
(Fusilier Museum, Bury)

Lieutenant General William Kingsley

English School after Joshua Reynolds c. 1760 - 1761
(Fusilier Museum, Bury)

Brigadier General
Stephen Kemble

Brigadier General Stephen Kemble

English School c. 1781

General Lord
George Henry Lennox

General Lord George Henry Lennox

by Pompeo Girolam Batoni
(Goodwood Collection)

Brigadier General
Field Marshal
John Ligonier

Field Marshal, Lord John Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier

by Henry Robert Morland
(Royal Armories at the Tower of London)

Field Marshal, Lord John Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier

by Sir Joshua Reynolds 1760
(Tate Gallery)

Field Marshal, Lord John Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier

by Edward Fisher after Sir Joshua Reynolds 1760
(National Portrait Gallery)

Field Marshal Griherr (Baron) Friedrich August von Sporken

German School c. 1770
(Sothebys)

Lieutenant General
Richard Molesworth

Lieutenant General the Right Honorable Richard, Third Viscount Molesworth

Master General of the Ordnance of Ireland and General of the Horse in Ireland,
byAnthonyLee c. 1746
(Phillip Mould)

Lieutenant General the Right Honorable Richard, Third Viscount Molesworth

Master General of the Ordnance of Ireland and General of the Horse in Ireland,
byAnthonyLee c. 1746
(Phillip Mould)

Major General
Robert Monckton

Major General Robert Monckton

by James Ardell after Thomas Hudson

The Honble Robert Monckton,

Govr of New York; Commander in Chief of His Majestys Forces, at the Reduction of Martinico.
Printed for Carrington Bowles in St Pauls Church Yard, London.
(Sanders of Oxford)

Major General Robert Monckton

by James Ferguson, in plumbago, circa 1762
(Elle Shushan)

Major General
Archibald Montgomerie

Major General Archibald Montgomerie, 11th Earl of Eglinton

by Sir Joshua Reynolds c.1783 - 1784

Jane Eglinton, Wife of Major General Archibald Montgomerie, 11th Earl of Eglinton
by Sir Joshua Reynolds c.1777

General
George Morlson

General George Morlson

by Bernard Downes c. 1770

Lieutenant General
Hugh, Earl Percy

Lieutenant General Hugh, Earl Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland

HUGH, EARL PERCY

HUGH, EARL PERCY

c. 1778

The Children of the 2nd Duke of Northumberland

by Gilbert Stuart 1787
(The Athenaeum)

Major General
Augustine Prevost

Major General Augustine Prevost

by Mather Brown

Major General Augustine Prevost

by British School after Mather Brown c. 1780
(Frick Art Reference Library)

Lieutenant General
Charles Rainsford

Lieutenant General Charles Rainsford

by Gilbert Stuart c. 1782
(Grogan & Company)

Lieutenant General Charles Rainsford, c. 1782

Major General
John Reid

Major General John Reid c. 1782

(Reproduction of 1803)
(University of Edinburgh)

Lieutenant General
John Russell

Lieutenant General John Russell

by Thomas Gainsborough 1770

Lieutenant General
James St. Clair

The Honorable Lieutenant General James St. Clair of Dysart

Artist: Jean-Marc Nattier after Allan Ramsay 1749
(National Trust for Scotland)

Major General
John Saunders Sebright

Major General Sir John Saunders Sebright, Sixth Baronet

by Francis Wheatley c. 1770
(Dacorum Heritage Trust Ltd)

Major General Sir John Saunders Sebright, Sixth Baronet

by Thomas Gainsborough c. 1770
(Private Collection)

Lieutenant General
Philip Sherard

Lieutenant - General Philip Sherard and Captain William Tiein at the Battle of Brucke - Muhle
by Nathaniel Hone 1762

Major General
Thomas Stirling

Major General Thomas Stirling

After Benjamin West c. 1782
(Black Watch Castle & Museum)

General
James Stuart

General James Stuart

by George Romney c. 1785

General the Marquess

Townshend

General the Marquess Townshend

by Angelica Kaufman c. Late 1770s
(Philip Mould)

Lieutenant General
John Grin Whitwell

Lieutenant General Sir John Grin Whitwell

by Benjamin West c. 1772
(English Heritage)

Major General
James Wolfe

James Wolfe (?)

Major James Wolfe

by James Ferguson c. 1750
(National Army Museum)

Major James Wolfe of H.M. 20th Regiment of Foot

by David Morier c. 1748

Major James Wolfe of H.M. 20th Regiment of Foot

by Joseph Highmore
(Bonhams)

Major James Wolfe of H.M. 20th Regiment of Foot

by Joseph Highmore

Colonel James Wolfe of H.M. 20th Regiment of Foot

by Unknown
(National Portrait Gallery)

Wolfe?

Major General James Wolfe

by Unknown
(Fusilier Museum, Bury)

Major General James Wolfe

by Nathaniel Hone the Elder 1768
(National Ontario Museum)

Major General James Wolfe

(Library and Archives Canada)

Major General James Wolfe

(Library and Archives Canada)

Major General James Wolfe

(Library and Archives Canada)

Major General Wolfe

to Isaac Barre from his friend Geo. Townshend

GENERAL WOOLFE.
(Library and Archives Canada)

GENERAL WOLFE
(Library and Archives Canada)

Major General James Wolfe

by J S C Schaak after a drawing by Captain Hervey Smyth 1760
(National Army Museum)

Major General James Wolfe

Major General James Wolfe

(Library and Archives Canada)

Major General James Wolfe

Major General James Wolfe

J S C Schaak 1767
(National Portrait Gallery)

Major General James - Wolfe

Printed for John Bowles at the Black Horse in Cornhill London

NO MERCY TO CAPTIVES BEFORE QUEBECK

by George Townshend 1759
(McCord Museum)

General James Wolfe at Quebec

by George Townshend 1759
(McCord Museum)

General James Wolfe at Quebec

by George Townshend 1759
(McCord Museum)

General James Wolfe at Quebec

by George Townshend 1759
(McCord Museum)

Pitcher
Major General Wolfe

Major General WOLFE

1776

The Death of General Wolfe at Quebec

by Edward Penny 1763
(Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archeology)

The DEATH of GENERAL WOLFE at QUEBEC

after Edward Penny 1779

The DEATH of GENERAL WOLFE at QUEBEC

after Edward Penny 1779
(Library and Archives of Canada)

The DEATH of GENERAL WOLFE at QUEBEC

after Edward Penny 1779
(Library and Archives of Canada)

The DEATH of GENERAL WOLFE at QUEBEC

by Richard Houston after Edward Penny 1772
(Private Collection)

The DEATH of GENERAL WOLFE at QUEBEC

by Edward Penny 1763
(Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford)

Study for The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West c. 1769
(National Gallery of Canada)

Study for The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West c. 1769
(Lakeland Arts Trust)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1770
(National Gallery of Canada)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1770
(National Gallery of Canada)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1770
(National Gallery of Canada)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1770
(National Gallery of Canada)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1771
(The Royal Collection)

The DEATH of WOLFE

1784 Copy by George Roth, Jr. after Benjamin West (1770)

The Death of General Wolfe

by James Barry 1776
(New Brunswick Museum)

The Death of General Wolfe

by James Barry (Internet Accreditation)

Major General James Wolfe

(Library and Archives Canada)

The Field Coat of General Wolfe

Green Serge Lined with Red Serge, Detachable Hood c. 1727 - 1759
(The Royal Museum)

The Field Coat of General Wolfe

Green Serge Lined with Red Serge, Detachable Hood c. 1727 - 1759
(The Royal Museum)

The Field Coat of General Wolfe

Green Serge Lined with Red Serge, Detachable Hood c. 1727 - 1759
(The Royal Museum)

The Field Coat of General Wolfe

Green Serge Lined with Red Serge, Detachable Hood c. 1727 - 1759
(The Royal Museum)

The Death of General Wolfe

by Benjamin West 1770
(National Gallery of Canada)

Locket Containing a Lock of Hair of Major General James Wolfe

1759
(McCord Museum)

A LIVING DOG IS BETTER THAN A DEAD LION - THE VANITY OF HUMAN GLORY...
1760
(The British Museum)

Unknown
Generals

Unknown Major General

by John Smart 1781
(Christies Auction House)

Unknown Adjutant General or Quartermaster General

by John Smart 1786
(Christies Auction House)

Unknown Deputy Adjutant General or Quartermaster General

by English School c. 1775 - 1780
(Thomas Moore, Sr.)

Unknown Adjutant or Quartermaster General

by Johann Zoany c. 1780 - 1785
(National Army Museum)

His Excellency
King George III

Acknowledgements
The 18th Century Material Culture
Resource Center greatly acknowledges
our friend and colleague, Dr. Gregory
Urwin of Temple University, for his
exemplary series Redcoat Images.
Having had the honor to work with
Dr. Urwin and personally contribute to
his series in the past, we are pleased to
showcase some of the images that he
has featured in this slideshow. We are
also eternally grateful to our many other
friends and colleagues who have also
shared with us their images of the
British Soldier over the years.

Acknowledgements
The material contained within these slideshows is presented for educational purposes only. The 18th
Century Material Culture Resource Center does not personally own any of the items depicted herein
and is indebted to the countless museums, libraries, and private collectors who willingly share their
collections with the public through the internet. Every attempt has been made to credit these
organizations and individuals for their contributions as best as possible.
The 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center is particularly grateful to Dr. Gregory Urwin of
Temple University for his series, Redcoat Images where many of these illustrations are showcased.
If there is a question you have regarding a particular item featured within a presentation, please
contact the 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center and we will try to answer your inquiry as
best as possible. If for any reason you feel there is any item that should not be presented here, or if
there is an error in any listing, or if you know the source for any item whose credit is unknown, please
inform us and we will make sure your concern is addressed as soon as possible.
Thank you!
- The 18th Century Material Culture Resource Center