1

5-Day Training Course

On
Flood Mitigation
Title: Pakistan Indus River
System
On: February 15, 2010
At I l b d At: Islamabad
Organized By: NDMA-UNDP
Sequence of Lecture
Physiography and Land use;
Pakistans River System;
Indus River Basin Salient Features;
Salient features & catchments of main rivers
(Sutlej, Ravi, Chenab, Jhelum, Indus); (Sutlej, Ravi, Chenab, Jhelum, Indus);
Indus River System-Replacement works and
Indus Basin Irrigation System
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DISPUTED
TERRITORY
CATEGORY AREA (MA)
GEOGRAPHICAL AREA 196.0
AREA SUITABLE FOR AGRICULTURE 77.1(39.3%)
CULTIVATED AREA
(IRRIGATED + BARANI)
54.5(27.8%)
AREA UNDER IRRIGATION
(BY ALL SOURCES)
44.5(22.7%)
ADDITIONAL AREA THAT CAN BE
Land Use In Pakistan Land Use In Pakistan
ADDITIONAL AREA THAT CAN BE
BROUGHT UNDER IRRIGATED
AGRICULTURE
22.6(11.5%)
SOURCE: AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS OF PAKISTAN 1998-99
ARABIAN SEA
LEGEND
MOUNTAINS
DESERTS
AREA UNDER
IRRIGATION
AREA THAT
CAN BE BROUGHT
UNDER IRRIGATION
Major storage reservoirs (12.16 MAF) 3
Barrages 19
Main Canals 45
Link Canals 12
Other Dams > 15 m height ( 3 MAF) 82
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Pakistans River System
Indus River Basin:
Salient Features
Pakistans Indus River Basin System
comprises five main rivers, namely the
Indus Jhelum Chenab Ravi and Sutlej; Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej;
Aided by a number of smaller rivers (Kabul,
Swat, Haro, Kunhar, Chitral, Tochi, Shah
Alam, Naguman, Adezai, Soan etc) and
streams/Nullahs, these five rivers supply
water to the entire Indus Basin Irrigation
System; y ;
These rivers have their origin in the higher
altitudes and derive their flows mainly from
snow-melt and monsoon rains;
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Indus River Basin:
Salient Features
Catchment area of Indus is most unique in
the sense that it contains seven (7) of the the sense that it contains seven (7) of the
worlds highest peaks after Mount Everest.
Among these include the K2 (28,253 ft),
Nanga Parbat (26,600 ft), Rakaposhi
(25,552 ft) etc.;
Further to above, seven(7) glaciers situated
in the Indus catchment are among the in the Indus catchment are among the
largest in the world, namely, Siachin,
Hispar, Biafo, Baltura, Baltoro, Barpu and
Hopper.
RIVERS OF PAKISTAN
INDUS
JHELUM
CHENAB
WESTERN
RAVI
SUTLEJ
BEAS
RIVERS
EASTERN
RIVERS
IRAN
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Salient Features of Main Rivers - Sutlej River
Origin Western Tibet in the Kailas Mountain range and near
the source of Rivers Indus, Ganges and Bramaputra
Length 960 miles/1536 Km
Catchment Area 47,100 Sq.miles/75,369 Sq.km (70% in India)
Pakistan portion Flows into Pakistan (Punjab) near Ferozepur and
eventually joins Chenab 3 miles u/s Punjnad Barrage
Tributary Rivers Eight major tributaries (all except Rohi Nullah join
Sutlej in India)
Largest Tributary River Beas (290 miles/464km), catchment area (6,200
S il /9 920 S k ) Sq.miles/9,920 Sq.km)
Dams on the River Bhakra, Nangal, Pong, Pandoh (all in India),
Barrages on River Rupar Barrage, Harike Barrage, Ferozepur Barrage
(India), Sulemanki & Islam in Pakistan
6
Salient Features of Main Rivers - Ravi River
Origin Originates from the lesser Himalayas Range in India
Length 550 miles/880 Km Length 550 miles/880 Km
Catchment Area 15,600 Sq.miles/24,960Sq.km
Pakistan portion Runs almost along the Indo-Pak Border -15km d/s
Madhopur to 20 miles u/s of Shahdara (58 miles)
Tributary Rivers Five major tributaries (Ujh, Bein, Basantar, Deg,
Hudiara nullahs upper catchments lie in India)
Largest Tributary Deg Nullah (160 miles/256km), catchment area (456
Sq.miles/730 Sq.km)
Barrages on River Madhopur Headwork (India), Balloki & Sidhnai
(Pakistan)
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Salient Features of Main Rivers - Chenab River
Origin -Forms at the confluence of streams Bhaga &
Chandra which join at a place called Tandi in
Occupied Jammu & Kashmir state. p
-Upper most part is snow covered and forms the
North East part of Himachal Pradesh
-From Tandi to Akhnur the river traverses through
high mountains
Length 770 miles/1,232 Km
Catchment Area 26,100 Sq.miles/41,760 Sq.km
Pakistan portion The river enters Pakistan a little over Head Marala
with very sharp changes in slope (130 ft/mile above
Tandi reduced to 2 ft/mile close to Trimmu)
Salient Features of Main Rivers - Chenab River
Tributary Rivers Twelve major tributaries ( 6 each in occupied Jammu
& Kashmir and Pakistan). Doara, Dowara, Halsi,
Bhimber, Palku and Budhi join close to Marala
Largest Tributary Palku Nullah (75 miles/120km), catchment area (793
Sq.miles/1,269 Sq.km)
Dams on the River Salal, Baglihar (India),
Barrages on River Marala, Khanki, Qadirabad, Trimmu, Punjnad
(Pakistan)
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Salient Features of Main Rivers - Jhelum River
Origin Originates in the Kashmir Valley about 34 miles (54
km) east of Anant Nag.
L th 510 il /816 K Length 510 miles/816 Km
Catchment Area 24,500 Sq.miles/ 39,200Sq.km
Pakistan portion -From Mangla to Jhelum city it moves southwards
and then turns westwards up to Khushab;
-Beyond this it moves south upto its confluence with
River Chenab and Trimmu;
-Slope upto Muzaffarabad is 35 ft/mile, 60 ft/mile upto
Kohala, 10 ft/mile upto Mangla
Tributary Rivers Ten major tributaries (including Neelum/Kishan
Ganga, Kunhar, Poonch, Kanshi)
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Salient Features of Main Rivers - Jhelum River
Largest Tributary Kishan Ganga/Neelumh (165 miles/264km), g y g ( ),
catchment area (2,480 Sq.miles/3,968 Sq.km)
Barrages on River Mangla Dam, Rasul Barrage
River Jhelum Catchment
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Salient Features of Main Rivers - Indus River
Origin -One of the largest rivers of the world and the
main river of the Indus valley;
-Originates near lake Mansarowar on north of
Himalayas range in the mountain of Kailash
Parbat in Tibet at an elevation of 18,000 ft.;
Length 925 miles/1,489 Km above Tarbela
Catchment Area 1,80,000 Sq.miles/2,88,000 Sq.km
Salient Features of Main Rivers - Indus River
Tributary Rivers Twenty seven (27) major tributaries above Guddu
Barrage
Largest Tributary Shyoke river (400 miles/640km), catchment area
(12,600 Sq.miles/20,160 Sq.km)
Dams on the River Tarbela
Barrages on River Kalabagh, Chashma, Taunsa, Guddu, Sukkur, Kotri
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WESTERN RIVERS EASTERN RIVERS
Indus
Jhelum
Chenab Ravi
Beas Sutlej
Marala
Madhupur
Structures on Indus River System
Kala Bagh
Barrage
Chasma
Barrage
Mangla
Dam
Rasul
Barrage
Trimmu
Barrage
Sidhnai
Barrage
Qadirabad
Barrage
Barrage
Baloki
Barrage
Madhupur
Barrage
Sulemanki
Hussainiwala
Barrage
Harike
Barrage
Nangal
Barrage
Tarbela
Dam
Taunsa
Barrage
Gaddu
Barrage
Pajnad
Barrage
Islam
Barrage
Sulemanki
Barrage
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Typical Water Distribution System
Sub
Minor
Minor
Minor
DISPUTED
TERRITORY
DRAINAGE NETWORK ON INDUS SYSTEM DRAINAGE NETWORK ON INDUS SYSTEM
Drainage System
in NWFP
Drainage System in
RBOD I LBOD
Drainage System in
Punjab
ARABIAN SEA
LEGEND
MOUNTAINS
DESERTS
AREA UNDER
IRRIGATION
AREA THAT
CAN BE BROUGHT
UNDER IRRIGATION
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End of Presentation
Thank You