Laboratory Report

Simulation of the mechanical system

Alikhan Shambul
ID 201103219





















Purpose
The aim of the laboratory was to construct and test the behavior of the
mechanical system. An extension of MATLAB named Simulink was used in order
to build such system. The main principle that was used in the system is the
second order equation described by the following figure.

()

Figure 1. Schematic view of the system


Procedure (Part A)
In the first part of the laboratory session, the simulation diagram was build. After
that, with the initial condition of M=2kg, K=16N/m, B=4N/m the output values of
displacement and velocity were sketched on the graphs.


Figure 2. Diagram of the simulation

Figure 3. Plots of displacement and velocity versus time

According to the plotted graphs above, it could be observed that the values of
both displacement and velocity are equal to zero at t=1s. Furthermore, due to the
increasing force from 0N to 8N it could be observed that the peak value of the
displacement is approximately 0.64-0.66m. As the values of both velocity and
acceleration become equal to zero, the final position of the system can be derived
from the equation [1]. Substituting the known values according to the provided
initial conditions, the final displacement is obtained.

()



As it is known the velocity is the first derivative of the displacement (i.e

).
The maximum value of the velocity is found to be between 0.75-0.85m/s. As it
was mentioned before the velocity of the system becomes zero at the final stage.

Part B
In the second part of the laboratory the system parameters (B,K,M) were
changed and the output plots of the new systems were drawn.

Part B (I)
At first changing parameter was chosen to be B. The system was tested at the
different values of B=8N.s/m, B=12N.s/m, B=25N.s/m.

Figure 4. Graph of displacement versus time at various B values (K,M const.)

Looking at the plotted graph above, the force is inversely proportional to the
displacement. As the time passes the displacement value keeps on increasing
reaching its peak value however, at the end it remains at a constant level of
x=0.5m due to the constant value of the spring stiffness factor.


0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Time (s)
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t

(
m
)
B=4
B=8
B=12
B=25
Part B(II)


Figure 5. Graph of displacement versus time at various K values (B,M const.)

The graph above describes the pattern of displacement change due to the
different values of the stiffness. It can be observed from the sketched graphs that
as the value of the spring constant gets higher the final displacement gets lower
and vice versa.

Part B (III)


Figure 6. Graph of displacement versus time at various M values (B,K const.)
Moving on to the final condition, where values of B and K were kept at constant
level but the mass of the load was changing. Comparing three plotted sketched it
can be observed that the mass affects on the peak value of the displacement at
the same time it is important to notice that at the end, regardless of the mass the
final displacement was kept at x=0.5m.
Conclusion
To sum up, this laboratory session was beneficial in terms understanding the use
of second order equation and solving it in the mechanical system. As it was
mentioned before the laboratory session was divided into two main parts in
order to examine how the system parameters affect on the travelled
displacement over time. Also, taking into account the all the gathered data by
plotting output graphs at various system parameters it could be stated that the
final displacement is only affected by the stiffness factor of the spring. Whereas,
the change in both drag coefficient and the mass only affects on the amplitude
(i.e. peak value) of the displacement.

Codes
Part A
M=2;
K=16;
B=4;
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(t,x); grid
xlabel(Time(s));
ylabel(Velocity(m/s))

Part B (I)
M=2;
K=16;
B=4;
plot(t,x); grid
hold on
B=8;
plot(t,x)
B=12;
plot(t,x)
B=25
plot(t,x)
xlabel(Time(s));
ylabel(Velocity(m/s))
text(2.5,0.66,B=4)
text(2.2,0.55,B=8)
text(2.5,0.43,B=12)
text(3.3,0.35,B=25)
hold off









Part B(II)
M=2;
K=16;
B=4;
plot(t,x); grid
hold on
K=8;
plot(t,x)
K=32;
plot(t,x)
xlabel(Time(s));
ylabel(Velocity(m/s))
text(3.2,1.22,K=8)
text(2.2,0.7,K=16)
text(2.1,0.35,K=32)
hold off

Part B(III)
M=2;
K=16;
B=4;
plot(t,x); grid
hold on
M=4;
plot(t,x)
M=6;
plot(t,x)
xlabel(Time(s));
ylabel(Velocity(m/s))
text(1.1,0.63,M=2)
text(3.2,0.76,M=6)
text(5.2,0.58,M=4)
hold off