Mrs.

Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC

Expressing Your Opinion / Agreeing and disagreeing
Asking for opinion:
What do you think of...?
What's your view
about...?
Do you think that...?
How do you feel
about...?
Expressing opinion
I think...
As far as I'm concerned,..
According to me,...
As I see it, ...
It seems to me that...
In my point of view / my opinion,....
Agreeing with an opinion:
I agree with this opinion.
I completely agree
with this view.
This is absolutely right.
I couldn't / can't agree more.
Partial agreement:
I agree with this point of view, but...
This idea is right, but...
I agree with you, but...
Disagreeing with an opinion:
I'm afraid. I can't agree with you.
I disagree with you.
I don't agree with you.
I'm not sure I agree with you
I think you're wrong.


Examples:
Yousra: In your opinion, which is the most significant breakthrough in technology?
John: I think that the internet is the most significant one. I really can't do without it.
Maria: Our school handball team is the best.
Alan: I'm sorry, but I disagree with that. They haven't done a good job this year.

Expressing lack of understanding and asking for clarification
Expressing lack of understanding:
o I beg your pardon?
o I beg your pardon, but I don't quite
understand.
o I'm not quite sure I know what you
mean.
o I'm not quite sure I follow you.
o I don't quite see what you mean.
o I'm not sure I got your point.
o Sorry, I didn't quite hear what you
said.
o Sorry, I didn't get your point.
o I don't quite see what you're
getting at.


Asking for clarification:
o What do you mean by...?
o Do you mean...?
o Could you repeat please?
o Could you clarify that, please?
o Could you be more explicit?
o Could you explain what you mean
by...?
o Could you give us an example?
o Could you put it differently, please?
o Could you be more specific, please?
Clarifying one's point or idea:
o In other words...
o To say this differently...
o Let me explain that...
o Let me put it in another way...
Example:
Headmaster: Mobile phones are not allowed at school.
Student: Sorry, Sir. I'm not quite sure I know what you mean.
Headmaster: In other words, you mustn't use your mobile at
school because they're forbidden.
Student: I'm sorry, Sir.
Mrs. Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC

Expressing Purpose
Purpose with to, in order to and so as to
Use to, so as to, and in order to to express purpose in the affirmative form.
Examples:
He is looking for a part time job to save some pocket money.
She wakes up early in order to be on time to work.
They visited him so as to offer their condolences for the death of his wife.
Use so as not to and in order not to to express purpose in the negative form.
Examples:
They woke up early in order not to be late.
She exercises regularly so as not to get fat.
He helped the new policewoman so as not to fail in her first mission.
Purpose with so that
You can also express purpose with so that. In this case you generally need to use
a modal.
Examples:
She told him to play quiet so that he wouldn't disturb the neighbors.
He got a visa so that he can travel to the USA.
He decided to stay in England for a while so that he could practice his English.

Cause and Effect
1- Because, since, as, for are followed by a verb.
because

Subject + Verb
since
as
For
The police arrested him because he broke into a bank.
The police arrested him since he broke into a bank.
She can't read the letter as she is illiterate.
He can't run fast for he is too fat.
2- Due to, because of, owing to and thanks to are followed by a noun.

Due to

+ Noun
Because of
Owing to
Thanks to
Because of his laziness, he didn't pass the exam.
Thanks to her beauty, she attracted the attention of all the guests.
Owing to his intelligence, he managed to solve the problem.
Due to the bad weather, they didn't go for a picnic.

3- Consequently, as a consequence, as a result, for this reason and therefore link two independent clauses or
sentences together. The sentences are usually separated by a period, and the transition is followed by a
comma:
He had spent most of his time hanging around instead of revising his lessons. Consequently, he had a
lot of trouble answering the exam questions.
Rent is too expensive in Boston. For this reason, I have decided to move to Ohio.
The athlete was caught using drugs. Therefore, he was kicked off the team.

Mrs. Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC

Express Addition and Concession
1- Expressions of Addition
In addition - Moreover Also Besides
Greenpeace works to preserve the environment. Besides, it is a non-profit organization.
Denise's book is about gender and cultural dimensions of globalization. Moreover, it addresses
the production and use of women's magazine.
As well as
Rural women need education as well as health care.
Not only ... but ... also
Women's magazines are not only criticized for being elitist but also for focusing on urban issues.
2- Expressions of Concession
Although Though
Though the school is very far from her village, Fatima insists on attending all her lessons.
Although globalization has a positive impact on Spanish women's situation, there is still fear of
losing local tradition.
However Yet - Nevertheless
Its true that a lot of women and girls have access to education. Yet, their situation is far from
perfect.
Some women are illiterate. However, they benefit from pictures in magazines.
Despite - In spite of
In spite of being illiterate, some women use the magazine's pictures as resources for
dressmaking.
Despite the rain, he walked to the station.

Expressions of definition
is
refers to
is referred to as
is defined as
has been defined as...
is the way of

is
refers to
Cultural anthropology is referred to as being the study of human culture.

has been defined as

1. A stereotype is defined as being a belief about an individual or a group based on the
idea that everyone in a particular group will behave in the same way.
2. Hospitality and tolerance are values that are deeply rooted in the Moroccan culture.
3. Culture is the way of life of a particular group of people.









Mrs. Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC


Apologizing / Making and responding to complaints

Examples:
*Barbara: I was waiting for you in the coffee shop but you didnt come.
Steve: Im awfully sorry, darling. I really forgot it.
Barbara: Dont worry about it.
Steve: Another time perhaps.
*Jodie: I wish you wouldnt make so much noise when Im busy working.
Tom: Oh, Im terribly sorry! I didnt realize you were working.
*Hamid: Im sorry to say this, but I really didnt like the way you talked to your mother.
John: Oh, Im awfully sorry. I didnt realize I was so rude.


Asking for, giving and responding to advice
Asking for advice Giving Advice Responding to advice
What do you think I should
do?
What do you suggest?
What would you do if?
Whats your advice for?
What would you advise me
to do?
How can I ?
Whats the best?
I dont know what to do.
What should I do?

I think you should
May be you should
Its best not to
Its a good idea not to
Why dont you?
If I were you, I would
Youd better (not)
You shouldnt /
oughtnt to
Thats a good idea. Thanks.
Thanks for your advice, but
I really
Thank you for your advice,
but I really
Sorry, I cant. Im ing
It sounds like a good idea.
Thanks, but Ive already

Example:
Patient: Im afraid Im putting on weight, doctor. What do you think I should do?
Doctor: Its a good idea not to eat between meals and youd better exercise at least three times a week.
May be you should eat more vegetables and less fatty food.
Patient: It sounds like a good idea! Thanks for your advice, doctor.








APOLOGIZING
ACCEPTING/REFUSING
APOLOGIES

COMPLAINING
Rejecting a
complaint
I do apologise.
Sorry about that.
Im very sorry.
Im awfully / terribly sorry.
Sorry to hear that.
Oh, dear. Im really sorry.
I just dont know what to
say.
I cant tell you how sorry I
am.
Its O.K
Never mind.
Its not important.
Dont worry about it.
I see no reason why I
should.


Sorry to say it, but you.
Im not satisfied with the
way you
I just dont know how to say
it, but
Im afraid I have to make a
serious complaint.
Oh. Ive got a bit of a
problem here; you see...
Sorry to bother you, but
Well, Im afraid
theres nothing we
can do about it
actually.
Im afraid there
isnt much we can
do about it.
Mrs. Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC

RESPONDING TO GOOD AND BAD NEWS
RESPONDING TO GOOD NEWS RESPONDING TO BAD NEWS
Thats great! / Congratulations! / Thats
wonderful! /
Im glad to hear that/ Great news!/
Incredible!/ Superb!/ Sounds great! /
Lucky you! / Oh, how wonderful! /
Really? I cant believe that! / Wow!
That sounds exciting! / Thats fantastic!
Im awfully sorry that / Im sorry to
hear that. /
I hope there is nothing wrong. / Im
ever so sorry. /
Its such a frightening experience. / Im
sorry to hear such terrible news/ My
goodness! / I cant believe it!
Poor you! / Im awfully sorry to hear
that. / I do sympathize with you. /
Please, accept my deepest sympathy.
/ I know how you must be feeling. /
that must be awful!
Examples:
Rachid: Well establish a clean-air association in our town. Would you like to
join us?
Samy: Superb! I wouldnt miss such an initiative.
Loubna: Whats the problem, Oualid?
Oualid: My father had a bad car accident this morning.
Loubna: Im sorry to hear such terrible news.


Expressing Certainty and Uncertainty
Expressing certainty:





Yes




Im
absolutely sure
quite sure
certain
positive


they will.
definitely.
certainly.
of course.
Expressing uncertainty:




Well,



its possible.
there might be.
it could happen.
its not possible.





I suppose





but

I wouldnt like to say for certain.
Im not really sure.
I doubt it.
I have my doubts.
its doubtful.
its highly unlikely.
its improbable.

you never know of course.
no one can say for certain.




No,


Im
absolutely sure
quite sure
certain
positive


they wont.
definitely not.
certainly not.
absolutely not.
Mrs. Essediya Siragi
Class: 2
nd
BAC

Examples:
Computers are likely to replace teachers in a few years time.
Its positive that the problem of unemployment will be solved if drastic measures are taken.
When I leave school, I may go to a university of science or I can
even get a job at a laboratory.
I think / guess they are going to offer me a job as I have the
ideal profile.
Expressing a wish or a regret
Expressing a wish:
Form: If only/ I wish + simple past
Examples:
If only I knew how to use a computer.
I wish I didn't have to work late tonight.
They wish they were on holiday.
Expressing a regret:
Form: If only/ I wish + past perfect
Examples:
I wish I had worked harder.
They wish they hadn't spent so much money on their shopping list.
Sue wishes she hadn't eaten all those biscuits.


Making and responding to a request
Making Request:
- Can you ...?
- Could you ...?
- Will you ...?
- Is it poosible for you to...?
- Would you mind + verb + ing...?
Responding to request:
- Sure, here you are.
- Ok.
- No, I'm sorry.
- I'm afraid I can't because...

Examples:
Joe: Will you lend me your book, please?
Alan: No, I'm sorry I need it.

Nadia: Would you help me with this exercise, please?
Meriem: Sure. No problem.