RAW DATA

1 Specific Gravity test of wood ash

Density bottle no.

30

31

Mass of bottle (m1)g

63.0

53.29

Mass of bottle + dry ash (m2)g

78.24

70.37

Mass of bottle + dry ash +

water (m3)g

169.32

163.79

Mass of bottle full of water

(m4)g

159.50

152.77

Water temp T(oC)

23 oC

23 oC

2.81

2.81

Specific gravity of ash Gash

Average specific gravity Gash

2.81

Specific gravity of wood ash at 20oC = 2.81 x 0.9993 = 2.8

Table 1: specific gravity test results of wood ash

2 Aggregate Crushing Value

BS 812-112
Weight of measure = 3370.5g
Weight of measure + aggregate = 5553.5g
Weight of measure + aggregate (crushed passing 2.36 sieve) = 3626.5
Hence Wt (A) = 5553.5 3370.5 = 2183g
Wt(B) = 3626.5 3370.5 = 256g

= 11.73

Sieve analysis of aggregates

Fine aggregates

Tests
sieves
(mm)
10

Weight of Weight sieves weight retained

sieves
+aggregates (g)

weight
passing (g)

%
retained

%
passing

497.0

505

1217.5

0.7

99

469.5

500

30.5

1187

2.5

96.6

2.36

463.5

490

26.5

1160.5

2.2

94.4

1.2

449.5

729.5

280

880.5

22.8

71.6

0.6

380.5

841

460.5

420

37.5

34.2

0.3

389.0

685.5

296.5

123.5

24.2

10.1

0.15

356.5

457

100.5

23

8.2

1.9

0.75

342.5

361

18.5

4.5

1.6

0.4

pan

304.5

309

4.5

TOTALS
Initial weight was 1230.0g

1225.5

100

Table 2: Particle size distribution to BS EN 933 1: 1997

Coarse aggregates
Tests
Weight of
sieves
sieves
(mm)
30
547.5
25
539.0
20
570.5
15
570.5
10
521.0
5
483.0
2
436.5
pan
515.5
TOTALS

Weight sieves
+aggregates
547.5
783.5
5534.5
2383.0
3645.0
1190.5
496.0
531.0

weight retained
(g)
0
244.5
4964
1812.5
3124
707.5
59.5
15.5
10927.5

Initial weight was 10930.0g

Table 3: Particle size distribution to BS EN 933 1: 1997

weight passing
(g)
10927.5
10683
5719
3906.5
782.5
75
15.5
0

%
retained
0
2.3
45.5
16.6
28.6
6.5
0.6
0.2
100

%
passing
100
97.8
52.4
35.8
7.2
0.7
0.2
0

Consistency and setting time tests

%cement
replacement
with wood
ash

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Cement(g)

400.0

360.0

320.0

280.0

240.0

Wood ash (g)

20

40

60

80

Water (ml)

165

170

175

180

187

Water/cement
ratio (%)

41.30

42.50

43.80

45.0

46.80

Table 4: Consistency of standard cement paste: BS 12, A.S.T.M: C-187

Table 5: Initial and final setting times of Portland Pozzolanic cement with partial replacement with
wood ash: BS: 12, A.S.T.M: C 197-70

10% wood ash

20% wood ash

30% wood ash

40% wood ash

Time
Penetration
Time
Penetration
Time
Penetration
Time
Penetration
(min) readings(from (min) readings(from (min) readings(from (min) readings(from
bottom of
bottom of
bottom of
bottom of
vicat)(mm)
vicat)(mm)
vicat)(mm)
vicat)(mm)
0

80

65

50

40

90

75

60

50

135

16

120

105

95

180

30

135

120

110

210

36

165

11

150

140

195

18

180

170

210

25

195

12

185

240

33

225

18

215

11

270

36

255

24

245

15

285

30

275

19

315

33

305

23

345

36

335

27

365

31

0%
wood
ash

0
Time (min)
0
Penetration
readings(from
bottom of
vicat)(mm)

15
2

30
3

45
5

60
10

75
12

90
14

105
18

395

34

425

36

120
24

135
30

150 160
34 36

5 Slump test
BS 1881: Part 102

% cement
replacement
with wood ash
in concrete

Cement
quantity
(g)

Fine
Coarse
aggregates aggregates
quantity
quantity
(g)
(g)

Water
quantity
(g)

water to
binder
actual
ratio

Slump
(mm)

3636

6181

8000

1818

0.50

32

10

3864

6569

8500

2182

0.56

30

20

3864

6569

8500

2382

0.62

50

30

3864

6569

8500

2208

0.57

40

40

3864

6569

8500

2318

0.60

30

Table 6: slump test results

Note
The batch quantities were done on weight basis and the quantities obtained and used as above
were as a result of concrete mix design based on class 20 concrete.

7, 14 and 28 day concrete cube crush test

BS 1881: Part 116

%cement
replaced
0
10
20
30
40

crash strength
tonnes
32
38.5
27
24.5
20.5

weight of
specimen
g
8200
8250
8068
8250
8090

g
8247
8263
8060
7800
8197

wt
average
g
8223.5
8256.5
8064
8025
8143.5

Density
g/cm3

stress
N/mm2

2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.5

14
16.8
11.8
10.7
9

Table 7: 7 day concrete cube compressive test results

0
10
20
30
40

crash strength
tonnes
43.5
52.5
37
33
29

weight of
specimen
g
8230
8245
8070
8230
8080

g
8230
8256
8040
7850
8160

wt
average
g
8230
8250.5
8055
8040
8120

Density
g/cm3

stress
N/mm2

2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.5

19
22.9
16.2
14.4
12.7

Table 8: 14 day concrete cube compressive test results

%cem
replaced
0
10
20
30
40

weight of
crash strength specimen
tonnes tonnes
g
g
46
45.5
8250
8243
57
56
8285
8256.5
39.5
40.5
8109.5
8090
36
34.5
8243
7726
30.5
32.5
8098.5
8191

wt
average
g
8246.5
8270.75
8099.75
7984.5
8144.75

Table 9: 28 day concrete cube compressive test results

Density
g/cm3
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.5

stress N/mm2
specimen 1 specimen 2
20.1
19.9
24.9
24.5
17.3
17.7
15.7
15.1
13.3
14.2

average
20
24.7
17.5
15.4
13.75