01_AN02-America's Beginnings to 1783

Do Now: Please use your computer to discover the answers to these questions. The group with
all correct responses will receive academic indulgence.
1. Identify a common breakfast food that was contributed by the New World peoples.
2. The most important cash crop of Southern colonies in the 17th, 18th C. 3. This
disease claimed more Native American lives than any other illness. 4. Which major Colonizers
(Spain, England, France, & Dutch) were religious rivals?

FQ: How did 'Old World' rivalries transplant themselves in the 'New World' after 1492?

Show 1492 map view of: (Refer to Keynote Pres.)
A. Native America
B. West Africa
C. Renaissance Europe
I. Colonization of 'New World' by Europeans. (15th - 17th C.)
A. Spain/ Portugal: Spanish Viceroyalties/ Brazil (1494-Treaty of Tordesillas)
B. English: Jamestown VA., Puritan New England.
C. Dutch: New York Coast, Northern coastal area of South America. D. France:
Mississippi mouth, future Canadian territory.
Manner and methods reflected and aggravated religious & commercial rivalries existing
in Europe at the time.

II. Religious Rivalry
A. Protestant Reformation (Worms, 1521- Martin Luther Excommunicated by Pope Leo
X).
B. Catholic Reformation (1540, Ignatius Loyola and the Jesuit Order)
La Reconquista: 1492, one of two successful (major) Crusades since the 11th C.
C. Nature-based faiths of Africa and Native America.
Spain/ Portugal, French vs. Dutch, English, French. Native Americans vs. All Europeans

III. Commercial Rivalry (15th - 17th C.)
A. Mercantilism
B. Joint Stock Company (East India Company)
C. Labor Supply: Shortage results from poor treatment and disease (small pox).
Encomienda System
Repartimiento
Slavery (Spain & Portugal=> Dutch=> English=> Smugglers)
Indentured Servitude

IV. Political Rivalry
France vs. Britain=> Conflict over the thrones of England & France leads to an American
expression of the European conflict=> French & Indian War (1754)

Dutch Gain Independence from Spain=> Dutch Revolt, mid-16th to mid-17th C.

V. Environmental Impact: The Columbian Exchange
Wide variety of fauna and flora are exchanged between 'Old' and 'New' Worlds.

VI. Colonies mature into societies reflecting European social norms, geography, Renaissance
ideals (Enlightenment).
Northern Colonies: Manufacturing and Sea Trade
Southern Colonies: Plantation Cash Crops, Food crops
Western Lands (Interior): French and Native American Allies.