1.What is legal bibliography? 2.what are 3 principles of legal bibliography? 3.

Distinguish bibliography to
book of citation 4.what are kinds of primaryauthorities 5. What are kinds of secondary authorities
6.distinguish primary and secondary authorities. 7 outline the impact of decided cases based on a.res
judicata B.stare decicis c. Law of the case d. Ratio decidende e. Obiter dictum

A primary source is a document or physical object which was written or created
during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time
period and offer an inside view of a particular event. Some types of primary sources
include:
ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS (excerpts or translations acceptable): Diaries,
speeches, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news film footage, autobiographies,
official records
CREATIVE WORKS: Poetry, drama, novels, music, art
RELICS OR ARTIFACTS: Pottery, furniture, clothing, buildings
What is a secondary source?
A secondary source interprets and analyzes primary sources. These sources are one or
more steps removed from the event. Secondary sources may have pictures, quotes or
graphics of primary sources in them. Some types of seconday sources include:
PUBLICATIONS: Textbooks, magazine articles, histories, criticisms,
http://www.princeton.edu/~refdesk/primary2.html

Res Judicata it refers to the matter that has been adjudicated by a competent court and may
not be pursued further by the same parties.

Stare Decisis from the Latin Word Let the decision stand. it refers to the policy of courts to
abide by or adhere to principles established by decisions in earlier cases.

Ratio Decidendi is a latin maxim meaning "the reasons for the decision", they are the principles
a judge will use when making his judgment, and afterwards they will create a binding precedent
which means that courts lower in the hierarchy will have to follow the same decision if a case
with facts sufficiently similar is presented to them.
Obiter dicta is another Latin maxim meaning "other things said", it is very similar to ratio
decidendi except it does not form a binding precedent, instead it becomes what is known as a
persuasive precedent and a judge in a later case does not have to follow it, however they may
decide to consider it when making their decision. An example of this is the law on duress as a
defense, in R v Howe (1987) it was decided by the House of Lords that duress could not be
used as a defense against a murder charge. In the judgment the Lords also stated that duress
cannot be used as a defense against attempted murder, although this was not part of the ratio
decidendi, in R v Gotts (1992), a defendant charged with attempted murder tried to defend
himself using duress, the obiter statement from Howe was followed as a persuasive precedent
and consequently he was found guilty.

http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/stare+decisis
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_ratio_decidendi_and_obiter_dicta

A citation from a book or other piece of writing is a passage or phrase from it.
A citation is an official document or speech which praises a person for something brave or
special that they have done.

A bibliography is a list of books on a particular subject.
It is also a list of the books and articles that are referred to in a particular book.

https://ph.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081009202155AAphP5L

1
Legal bibliography is the bibliography of law. The term has been applied to "the kinds and
functions of legal materials" and to "lists of law books and related materials".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_bibliography

The law of the case is a legal term of art that is applicable mainly in common law, or Anglo-American,
jurisdictions that recognize the related doctrine of stare decisis. The phrase refers to instances where
"rulings made by a trial court and not challenged on appeal become the law of the case." [1] "Unless the
trial court's rulings were clearly in error or there has been an important change in circumstances, the
court's prior rulings must stand." [2] Usually the situation occurs when either a case is on appeal for the
second time--e.g. if the reviewing court remanded the matter to the trial court and the party appeals
again or if the case was appealed in a higher appellate courtfor example, from an appellate court to
the highest court.

As generally used, "law of the case" states that, if an appellate court has passed on a legal question and
remanded the case to the court below for further proceedings, the legal question thus determined by

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the appellate court will not be differently determined on a subsequent appeal in the same case where
the facts remain the same.[3]

The doctrine provides that an appellate courts determination on a legal issue is binding on both the trial
court on remand and on the appellate court on a subsequent appeal given the same case and
substantially the same facts.[4]

The "law of the case" doctrine, however, is one of policy only and will be disregarded when compelling
circumstances call for a redetermination of a point of law on prior appeal. This is particularly true where
an intervening or a contemporaneous change in law has occurred where former decisions have been
overruled or new precedent has been established by controlling authority.[5]

The "law of the case" doctrine precludes reconsideration of a previously decided issue unless one of
three "exceptional circumstances" exists: (1) when substantially different evidence is raised at a
subsequent trial, (2) when a subsequent contrary view of the law is decided by the controlling authority,
or (3) when a decision is clearly erroneous and would result in a manifest injustice.[6]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_case