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m(v Gy )
t2
t1
t2
t1
F x dt = m(v Gx )
F y dt = m(v Gy )
Similarly, the equation for the principle of angular impulse and momentum about the z axis, which passes through the
rigid-bodys mass center G , is given by
IG 1 +
t2
t1
M G dt = I G 2
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impulse and momentum, which states that the final angular momentum,
adding the initial angular momentum,
IA 1
IA 2
, is obtained by
\itM A
Hint 3. Identify what is needed to apply the principle of angular impulse and momentum
Which of the following statements are relevant when applying the principle of angular impulse and
momentum to the pulley?
Check all that apply.
ANSWER:
The initial angular momentum of the pulley is zero.
The pulleys angular momentum is the product of the pulleys moment of inertia and the angular
velocity.
The pulleys angular momentum is the product of the pulleys mass and the angular velocity.
The angular impulse is determined by time integration of the moments about point A during the
2.00s interval.
The final angular momentum of the pulley is zero.
ANSWER:
2.00T
0.300T
0.600T
ANSWER:
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= 0.667
T radians/s
pulley.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Hint 3. Express the tension in the cord in terms of the final velocity of the cylinder
Which of the following is the correct expression for the tensions magnitude?
ANSWER:
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T = m (v B )2 (
m
t
T = 9.81m + (vB )2 (
T = m + (v B )2 (
m
t
m
t
T = 9.81m (vB ) (
2
m
t
Hint 4. Relate the angular velocity of the pulley and the velocity of the cylinder
Which of the following is the relationship between the angular velocity of the pulley and the velocity of the
cylinder?
ANSWER:
(v B )2 =
r
2
(v B )2 = r 2
(v B )2 =
(v B )
2
r
= 2
(v B )
(v B )
(v B )
9.81mtr
I +mr
mtr
I +mr
9.81mr
I +mr
ANSWER:
(v B )
= 10.7
m
s
Part C - Principle of angular impulse and momentum applied to the entire system
kg
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m/s
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Determine the mass of block B necessary to cause the 30.0kg block A to change its velocity from 8.00 to 16.0m/s
in 8.00s . The pulley of mass 20.0 kg has a moment of inertia of 0.900kg m2 and a radius of 0.300m . Assume
that the pulley rotates about a frictionless bearing. The coefficient of friction,
0.250. Apply the principle of angular impulse and momentum to the entire block-pulley system shown.
Express your answer to three significant figures and
include the appropriate units.
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ANSWER:
mB
= 12.9 kg
syst. angular
momentum
+ (
syst. angular
= (
impulse
O1
O(12)
syst. angular
momentum
)
O2
Problem 19.16
Part A
If the boxer hits the 75 kg punching bag with an impulse of I
= 20 N s
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ANSWER:
= 0.328
rad
s
Correct
Part B
Also, find the location d of point
, about which the bag appears to rotate. Treat the bag as a uniform cylinder.
= 6.25102 m
Correct
Problem 19.26
The body and bucket of a skid steer loader has a weight of 1970lb , and its center of gravity is located at
the four wheels has a weight of 105lb and a radius of gyration about its center of gravity of 1 f t .
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. Each of
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Part A
If the engine supplies a torque of M = 105lb f t to each of the rear drive wheels, determine the speed of the loader
in t = 13s , starting from rest. The wheels roll without slipping.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
v
= 26.4
ft
s
Problem 19.29
The car strikes the side of a light pole, which is designed to break away from its base with negligible resistance. From a
video taken of the collision it is observed that the pole was given an angular velocity of 62rad/s when AC was vertical.
The pole has a mass of 175kg , a center of mass at G , and a radius of gyration about an axis perpendicular to the
plane of the pole assembly and passing through G of kG = 2.30m .
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Part A
Determine the horizontal impulse which the car exerts on the pole at the instant
AC
is essentially vertical.
= 16.4 kNs
Correct
Problem 19.15
The 1.22lb tennis racket has a center of gravity at
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of kG = 0.655f t .
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Part A
Determine the position P where the ball must be hit so that 'no sting' is felt by the hand holding the racket, i.e., the
horizontal force exerted by the racket on the hand is zero.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
rP
= 1.43 f t
Correct
Conservation of Momentum
Learning Goal:
To be able to describe the motion of rigid bodies by applying the conservation of linear and angular momenta.
If the sum of all the linear impulses acting on a system of connected rigid bodies is zero, the linear momentum of the
system is conserved. Mathematically, this relationship is expressed as
(
syst. linear
momentum
= (
1
syst. linear
momentum
)
2
and is called the conservation of linear momentum. If the sum of all the angular impulses (created by the external forces
that act on the system) is negligible or zero, then the angular momentum of a system of connected rigid bodies is
conserved about the system's center of mass or about a fixed point. Mathematically, this relationship is expressed as
(
syst. angular
momentum
= (
1
syst. angular
momentum
)
2
Part A
Which of the following scenarios demonstrate the conservation of either linear or angular momentum?
Check all that apply.
ANSWER:
From opposite sides of a room, two identical balls of putty move toward each other, without friction, at the
same velocity and, eventually, they collide; the result is one ball of putty with zero velocity.
A penny is dropped from the top of a building and its velocity increases as it falls due to the acceleration
from gravity.
An ice skater tucks in her arms during a spin and her angular velocity increases.
A parent pushes a merry-go-round and, consequently, it spins faster.
Correct
Part B
Wr
lb
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Ws
lb
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d1
Wr
Ws
= 27.4lb .
Wp
HA1
Express your answer numerically in slug-squared feet per second to four significant figures.
HA1
, the initial angular momentum of the system about point A in terms of the following
Wp
d1
d1
, , and
R g
v1
v1
; the
ANSWER:
HA1
Wp
g
v1 (d 1 + R)
ANSWER:
HA1
= 93.52
slug f t /s
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Hint 3. Find the total moment of inertia of the system after impact
What is
Itot
Ir
Ir
, the rod's moment of inertia about point A, in terms of the following variables: the
rod's length,
d1
Wr
textbook for the formula of a slender rod's moment of inertia about its end.
Express your answer in terms of d1 ,
Wr
, and g.
ANSWER:
Ir
Wr
d1
ANSWER:
Ir
= 6.228
slug f t
Is
Is
, the sphere's moment of inertia about point A, in terms of the following variables:
d1
Ws
due to gravity, g? Consult your textbook for the moment of inertia of a sphere that rotates
about its center. Use the parallel-axis theorem to transfer the moment of inertia of the sphere
to the axis about A; this is done by adding the product of the sphere's mass and the square of
the distance between the sphere's center and point A to the moment of inertia about an axis
through the center of mass.
Express your answer in terms of d1 ,
R Ws
, and g.
ANSWER:
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Is
Ws
Ws
g
(R + d 1 )
ANSWER:
Is
= 57.94
slug f t
Ip
Ip
, the projectile's moment of inertia about point A, in terms of the following variables:
d1
Wp
due to gravity, g?
Express your answer in terms of d1 ,
R Wp
, and g.
ANSWER:
Ip
Wp
g
(R + d 1 )
ANSWER:
Ip
= 1.057
slug f t
ANSWER:
Itot
= 65.22
slug f t
Itot
ANSWER:
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HA 1
Itot
ANSWER:
= 1.43
rad/s
Part C
What is , the maximum angle measured from the vertical that the pendulum will swing, after the projectile impacts
the pendulum?
Express your answer numerically in degrees to three significant figures.
V1
T2
is the final potential energy of the system. In this situation, the initial conditions are immediately after
impact, and the final conditions are at the maximum angle. Set the initial potential energy of the system to
zero and express the final potential energy term as a function of the maximum angle , and solve for .
Hint 2. Find
What is
T1
T1
, the kinetic energy of the system immediately after the projectile's impact?
1
2
IA
where IA is the moment of inertia of the system, found in Part B to be 65.22slug f t2 , and is the
angular velocity of the system, found in Part B to be 1.43rad/s .
ANSWER:
T1
= 67.04
f t lb
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d1
, the radius of the sphere; and , the maximum angle the pendulum sweeps after
d1
, and .
(d1 + R) cos()
+R
Wp ( d1 + R)(1 cos())
d1
, the
, the radius of the sphere; and , the maximum angle the pendulum sweeps after impact.
d1
, and .
+R
(d1 + R) cos()
Ws ( d1 + R)(1 cos())
d1
Wr
, the rod's
, the length of the rod; and , the maximum angle that the pendulum sweeps after impact.
d1
, and .
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Vr
Wr
d1
2
(1 cos())
ANSWER:
= 41.4
degrees
Correct
Problem 19.41
Two children A and B, each having a mass of 30 kg, sit at the edge of the merry-go-round which rotates at
= 2 rad/s. Excluding the children, the merry-go-round has a mass of 180 kg and a radius of gyration kz
= 0.6 m
Part A
Determine the angular velocity of the merry-go-round if A jumps off horizontally in the n direction with a speed of
2 m/s, measured relative to the merry-go-round. Neglect friction and the size of each child.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
z
= 2.43
rad
s
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Correct
Part B
What is the merry-go-round's angular velocity if B then jumps off horizontally in the t direction with a speed of 2
m/s, measured relative to the merry-go-round?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
z
= 2.96
rad
s
Correct
Problem 19.50
The rigid 30-lb plank is struck by the 15-lb hammer head H .
Part A
Just before the impact the hammer is gripped loosely and has a vertical velocity of 75 f t/s . If the coefficient of
restitution between the hammer head and the plank is e = 0.5, determine the maximum height attained by the 50lb block D. The block can slide freely along the two vertical guide rods. The plank is initially in a horizontal
position.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
h
= 4.99 f t
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Correct
Problem 19.54
The 4-lb rod AB hangs in the vertical position. A 2-lb block, sliding on a smooth horizontal surface with a velocity of 12
f t/s , strikes the rod at its end B.
Part A
Determine the direction of the velocity of the block immediately after the collision. The coefficient of restitution
between the block and the rod at B is e = 0.8.
ANSWER:
to the left
to the right
Correct
Part B
Determine the magnitude of the velocity of the block immediately after the collision.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
vb
= 3.36
ft
s
Correct
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Problem 19.47
The target is a thin 5kg circular disk that can rotate freely about the z axis. A 23g bullet, traveling at 615m/s , strikes
the target at A and becomes embedded in it.
Part A
Determine the angular velocity of the target after the impact. Initially, it is at rest.
Express your answer with the appropriate units. Assume the counterclockwise rotation as positive.
ANSWER:
= 24.9
rad
s
Correct
Problem 19.55
The pendulum consists of a 10-lb sphere and 4-lb rod.
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Part A
If it is released from rest when = 90 , determine the angle of rebound after the sphere strikes the floor. Take e
= 0.76.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
= 35.3
Correct
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 96.7%.
You received 8 out of a possible total of 9 points, plus 0.71 points of extra credit.
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