Boam Bitch

Hw 1
Due: Monday, Sep 12, 2011 8:00 am CST

Instructions: &platformYou might want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you
work through the assignment.
Populations and samples - pages 5 - 8
Frequency distributions - pages 14 - 17
Histograms - pages 17 - 20
Mean, median, variance and standard deviation - pages 24 - 28
Quartiles, interquartile range - pages 29 - 31
Boxplots - pages 31 - 33

(1 pts) 1
A sample refers to
an entire group of interest.
a subset of the entire group of interest.
a number produced from a subset of the group of interest.
a subset that includes all elements in the group of interest.
a fixed unknown number that describes the entire group of interest.
(1 pts) 1
If the shape of our data set is multimodal, we expect
the mean to be larger than the median.
the mean to be less than the median.
the mean and the median to be approximately the same.
none of the above.
(1 pts) 1
The data below show the wins (W) and losses (L) for a basketball team over 25
consecutive games.
W W W L W W W W W W L W W L W W W W W W W W L W W
What is the relative frequency of wins among the 25 games? Give your answer to two
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.84
Instructor feedback: There are 21 wins among the 25 games, so the relative frequency
is 21/25 = 0.84.

The data below contain the number of defects observed on each of 250 lcd screens.

(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the screens have at least 3 defects? Give your answer to three
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.364
Instructor feedback: Counting these by hand can take a long time, so construct a
frequency table for the defects column using the Stat > Tables > Frequency
option. You will see that there are a total of 91 of the 250 screens which have at
least 3 defects which leads to a proportion of 91/250 = 0.364.

(1 pts) 1
What propotion of the screens have fewer than 3 defects? Give your answer to
three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.636
option. You will see that there are a total of 159 of the 250 screens which have
fewer than 3 defects which leads to a proportion of 159/250 = 0.636.

(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the screens have at most 3 defects? Give your answer to three
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.804
option. You will see that there are a total of 201 of the 250 screens which have at
most 3 defects which leads to a proportion of 201/250 = 0.804.

(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the screens have exactly 3 defects? Give your answer to three
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.168
exactly 3 defects which leads to a proportion of 42/250 = 0.168.

(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the screens have more than 3 defects? Give your answer to
Response:
Correct: 0.196
more than 3 defects which leads to a proportion of 49/250 = 0.196.

The data below indicate the time (in seconds) that it takes 25 separate employees to
complete a certain task.

Recompute the time in minutes by choosing the Data > Transform data option. Specify a
Transformation of seconds/60 and then click Transform. Use StatCrunch to compute each
of the following statistics.
(1 pts) 1
What is the mean of the data in seconds? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 244.28
Instructor feedback: Choose the Stat > Summary Stats > Columns option. Select
the seconds column and click Calculate.

(1 pts) 1
What is the median of the data in seconds?
Response:
Correct: 248

(1 pts) 1
What is the variance of the data in seconds? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 1427.21

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of the data in seconds? Give your answer to three
decimal places. Make sure you take your answer from StatCrunch and do not
simply take the square root of your answer above.
Response:
Correct: 37.778

(1 pts) 1
What is the mean of the data in minutes? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 4.071
the seconds/60 column and click Calculate. Notice the answer here is the mean in
seconds divided by 60.

(1 pts) 1
What is the median of the data in minutes? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 4.133
the seconds/60 column and click Calculate. Notice the answer here is the median
in seconds divided by 60.

(1 pts) 1
What is the variance of the data in minutes? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.396
the seconds/60 column and click Calculate. Notice the answer here is the variance
in seconds divided by 60 squared (3600).

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of the data in minutes? Give your answer to three
decimal places. Make sure you take your answer from StatCrunch and do not
simply take the square root of your answer above.
Response:
Correct: 0.63
the seconds/60 column and click Calculate. Notice the answer here is the standard
deviation in seconds divided by 60.

The data below indicate the contamination in parts per million in each of 50 samples of
drinking water at a specific location.

(1 pts) 1
What is the first quartile of the data?
Response:
Correct: 383
(1 pts) 1
What is the third quartile of the data?
Response:
Correct: 398
(1 pts) 1
What is the median of the data?
Response:
Correct: 390.5
(1 pts) 1
What is the mean of the data? Give your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 420.62
(1 pts) 1
Values that are greater than Q3 + 1.5 IQR or less than Q1 - 1.5 IQR are typically
considered outliers. What value is an outlier in this data?
Response:
Correct: 1942
(1 pts) 1
Delete the outlier by clicking inside its cell and hitting the Delete key. What is the
median after the outlier is deleted?
Response:
Correct: 390
(1 pts) 1
What is the mean after the outlier is deleted? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 389.571
The histogram shown below represents 40 student scores on a statistics exam.

(1 pts) 1
Which of the following best describes the shape of the scores?
symmetric
left skewed
right skewed
bimodal
(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the scores are below 80? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.65
The boxplots below are for test scores from two sections (A and B) of the same course.

(1 pts) 1
Which section has the highest median score?
A
B
The medians are the same
(1 pts) 1
Using the IQR as your measure, which section has the most spread in scores?
A
B
The IQRs are the same
(1 pts) 1
Roughly what percentage of section B has scores above 70? Do not include a %
sign in your answer.
Response:
Correct: 75

Hw 2

Instructions: This assignment covers Chapter 3 and part of Chapter 15 from your
text. You might want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you work
through the assignment.
Basic probability - pages 55 - 63
Conditional probability and independence - pages 66 - 72
Bayes rule - pages 72 - 75
Basic reliability - pages 549 - 551

A group of 200 students have been cross classified into the following two
way table in terms of gender and pierced ears. A student is to be randomly
selected from the group.
Pierced Not pierced
Female 79 37
Male 19 65

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the student selected is male? Give your
answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.42
Instructor feedback: P(male) = (19 + 65)/200.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the student selected is a male without
pierced ears? Give your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.325
Instructor feedback: P(male AND not pierced) = 65/200. Note this
is the probability of an intersection.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the student selected is a female or has
Response:
Correct: 0.675
Instructor feedback: P(female OR pieced) = (79 + 37 + 19)/200.
Note this is the probability of a union

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the student selected is neither female nor has
Response:
Correct: 0.325
Instructor feedback: P((female OR pierced)
c
) = 1 - P(female OR
pierced). Note this uses the complements rule. The event not female
or pierced is equivalent to an unpierced male from b part.

(1 pts) 1
Given the student selected does not have pierced ears, what is the
probability the student selected is male? Give your answer to three
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.637
Instructor feedback: P(male|not pierced) = P(male AND not
pierced)/P(not pierced). P(male AND not pierced) was obtained in b
part. P(not pierced) = (37 + 65)/200.

(1 pts) 1
Is the following statement true or false? The event that the student
selected is male is independent of the event that the student selected
does not have pierced ears.
TRUE
FALSE
Instructor feedback: The events can not be independent because
P(male | not pierced) from e is not equal to P(male) from a.

A college student is taking two courses. The probability she passes the first
course is 0.75. The probability she passes the second course is 0.73. The
probability she passes at least one of the courses is 0.9325.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability she passes both courses? Give your answer
to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.5475
Instructor feedback: Let A be the event the she passes the first
course and let B be the event that she passes the second. We want
P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A B) = 0.75 + 0.73 - 0.9325 = 0.5475.

(1 pts) 1
Is the event she passes one course independent of the event that she
passes the other course?
TRUE
FALSE
Instructor feedback: The events are independent if P(A B) =
P(A)P(B). In this case, does 0.5475 equal (0.75)(0.73)?

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability she does not pass either course? Give your
answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0675
Instructor feedback: In this case, we want P( (A B)
c
) = 1 - P(A
B) = 1 - 0.9325 = 0.0675.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability she does not pass both courses? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.4525
Instructor feedback: In this case, we want P( (A B)
c
) = 1 - P(A
B) = 1 - 0.5475 = 0.4525.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability she passes exactly one course? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.385
Instructor feedback: Consider the diagram below which displays
the probability of being in A but not B (call it x), the probability of
being in both A and B (call it y), and the probability of being in B
but not A (call it z). The information given in the question tells us
that x+y+z=0.9325, x+y=0.75 and y+z=0.73. Solve the system
simultaneously to find x and z. In this case, our answer will be x + z
= 0.385.

(1 pts) 1
Given she passes the first course, what is the probability she passes
the second? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.73
Instructor feedback: P(B | A) = P(A B)/P(A) = 0.5475/0.75 =
0.73.

(1 pts) 1
Given she passes the first course, what is the probability she does
not pass the second? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.27
Instructor feedback: P(B
c
| A) = P(A B
c
)/P(A) = 0.2025/0.75 =
0.27 (using the notation from the solution to e). Notice this is one
minus the value from f.

The Transportation Safety Authority (TSA) has developed a new test to
detect large amounts of liquid in luggage bags. Based on many test runs, the
TSA determines that if a bag does contain large amounts of liquid, there is a
probability of 0.99 the test will detect it. If a bag does not contain large
amounts of liquid, there is a 0.07 probability the test will conclude that it
does (a false positive). Suppose that in reality only 1 in 100 bags actually
contain large amounts of liquid.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability a randomly selected bag will have a positive
test? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0792
Instructor feedback: Let B be the event of a positive test and let A
be the event that the bag has a large amount of liquid. From the law
of total probability, P(B) = P(B|A)P(A) + P(B|A
c
)P(A
c
) = 0.99*0.01
+ 0.07*0.99 = 0.0792.

(1 pts) 1
Given a randomly selected bag has a positive test, what is the
probability it actually contains a large amount of liquid? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.125
Instructor feedback: From Bayes rule, P(A|B) = P(B|A)P(A)/P(B)
= P(B|A)P(A)/(P(B|A)P(A) + P(B|A
c
)P(A
c
)) = 0.99*0.01/[0.99*0.01
+ 0.07*0.99)] = 0.125. This probability is really low so you would
probably not want to use this test in practice.

(1 pts) 1
Given a randomly selected bag has a positive test, what is the
probability it does not contain a large amount of liquid? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.875
Instructor feedback: From Bayes rule, P(A
c
|B) =
P(B|A
c
)P(A
c
)/P(B) = P(B|A
c
)P(A
c
)/(P(B|A)P(A) + P(B|A
c
)P(A
c
)) =
0.07*0.99/[0.99*0.01 + 0.07*0.99)] = 0.125. This probability is
really high indicating that a large proportion of bags with positive
tests do not contain large amounts of liquid. You should see from
this example that the complements rule also applies to
conditional probability as well since P(A
c
|B) = 1 - P(A|B).

Two professors are applying for grants. Professor Jane has a probability of
0.66 of being funded. Professor Joe has probability 0.24 of being funded.
Since the grants are submitted to two different federal agencies, assume the
outcomes for each grant are independent.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that both professors get their grants funded?
Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.1584
Instructor feedback: Let A be the event that Professor Jane is
funded, and let B be the event that Professor Joe is funded. Since the
grants are independent, P(A and B) = P(A)P(B) = 0.66*0.24 =
0.1584.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that at least one of the professors will be
funded? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.7416
Instructor feedback: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A or B) = 0.66 +
0.24 - 0.1584 = 0.7416.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that Professor Jane is funded but Professor
Joe is not? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.5016
Instructor feedback: Using the law of total probability, P(A and
B
c
) = P(A) - P(A and B) = 0.66 - 0.1584 = 0.5016.

(1 pts) 1
Given at least one of the professors is funded, what is the
probability that Professor Jane is funded but Professor Joe is not?
Response:
Correct: 0.6764
Instructor feedback: P(A and B
c
| A or B) = P( (A and B
c
) and (A
or B) )/P(A or B) = P(A and B
c
)/P(A or B) = 0.5016/0.7416 =
0.6764 since the set (A and B
c
) is contained in the set (A or B).

(1 pts) 1
Consider the system shown below where the reliability of component 1 is
0.9, the reliability of component 2 is 0.92, the reliability of component 3 is
0.93, the reliability of component 4 is 0.71 and the reliability of component
5 is 0.79.

What is the reliability of the entire system? Give your answer to 4 decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.986
Instructor feedback: The first subsystem is composed of components 1, 2
and 3 as a series, so its reliability is 0.9*0.92*0.93 = 0.77. The second
subsystem is composed of components 4 and 5 in parallel so its reliability is
1 - (1-0.71)(1-0.79) = 0.9391. The entire system is composed of the first
and second subsystem in parallel, so the overall reliability is 1 - (1-0.77)(1-
0.9391) = 0.986.

Hw 3

Instructions: This assignment covers Chapter 4 from your text. You
might want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you work
Basics of discrete distributions - pages 81 - 84
Mean and variance of a discrete distribution - pages 93 - 95, 97
Binomial distribution - pages 85 - 89, 95-96, 98
Poisson distribution and process - pages 104, 106 - 108

Each test of a new type of plane can end in success (S) or failure
(F). Consider the outcomes of the sequential tests of three new
planes. Let X represent the number of successes in the three
tests. Let Y equal one if the first plane tested was successful and
0 otherwise. Consider the table of outcomes shown below.
Outcome FFF FFS FSF SFF FSS SFS A SSS
X 0 1 1 1 B 2 2 3
Y 0 C 0 1 0 1 1 1

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of A in the table above?
Response:
Correct: SSF
(1 pts) 1
What is the value of B in the table above?
Response:
Correct: 2
(1 pts) 1
What is the value of C in the table above?
Response:
Correct: 0
(1 pts) 1
Consider the probability model given in the table below:
Outcome Probability
0 0.022
1 0.086
2 0.021
3 ?
What must the probability of a 3 be so that this is a valid
probability model?
Response:
Correct: 0.871
Instructor feedback: The probabilities must sum to 1, so the
probability of a 3 is 1 minus the sum of the other probabilities.

A company has 4 service trucks. Let X represent the number of
trucks that are not working at any point in time. Consider the
probability model shown below for X.
X 0 1 2 3 4
Probability 0.29 0.25 0.12 0.09 0.25

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that exactly 1 of the trucks are not
working at any point in time? Give your answer to two
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.25
Instructor feedback: From the probability model,
P(X=1) = 0.25.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that fewer than 1 of the trucks are
not working at any point in time? Give your answer to
two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.29
Instructor feedback: From the probability model, P(X <
1) = 0.29 which is the sum of the probabilities for
outcomes less than 1.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that more than 1 of the trucks are
not working at any point in time? Give your answer to
two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.46
Instructor feedback: From the probability model, P(X >
1) = 0.46 which is the sum of the probabilities for
outcomes greater than 1.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected number of trucks that are not
working at any point in time? Give your answer to two
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.76
Instructor feedback: We take each outcome and
multiply it by its associated probability. We then sum up
these products to get 0*P(X=0) + 1*P(X=1) + 2*P(X=2)
+ 3*P(X=3) + 4*P(X=4) = 1.76.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected value of X
2
? Give your answer to
two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 5.54
Instructor feedback: We take each outcome squared and
multiply by the associated probability. We then sum up
these products to get 0
2
*P(X=0) + 1
2
*P(X=1) +
2
2
*P(X=2) + 3
2
*P(X=3) + 4
2
*P(X=4) = 5.54.

(1 pts) 1
What is the variance of X? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 2.4424
Instructor feedback: Var(X) = E(X
2
) - (E(X))
2
= 5.54 -
1.76
2
= 2.4424.

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of X? Give your answer to
four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.5628
Instructor feedback: The standard deviation of X is the
square root of the variance of X which in this case is
2.4424
1/2
= 1.5628.

A company that produces DVD drives has a 15% defective rate.
Let X represent the number of defectives in a random sample of
58 of their drives.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the sample will contain exactly 7
defective drives? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.1292
Instructor feedback: X has a Binomial distribution with
parameters 58 and 0.15. Using the StatCrunch calculator,
P(X=7) = 0.1292.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the sample will contain more than
7 defective drives? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.6572
P(X > 7) = 0.6572.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability the sample will contain less than 7
defective drives? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.2136
P(X < 7) = 0.2136.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected number of defective drives in the
sample? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 8.7
Instructor feedback: For a Binomial random variable,
E(X) = np = 58*0.15 = 8.7.

(1 pts) 1
What is the variance of the number of defective drives in
the sample? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 7.395
Instructor feedback: For a Binomial random variable,
Var(X) = np(1-p) = 58*0.15*(1 - 0.15) = 7.395.

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of the number of defective
drives in the sample? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 2.7194
Instructor feedback: The standard deviation of X is the
square root of the variance of X which in this case is
7.395
1/2
= 2.7194.

(1 pts) 1
Each defective drive costs the company 12 dollars. What
is the expected cost to the company for the defective
drives in the sample? Give your answer to two decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 104.4
Instructor feedback: E(cX) = cE(X) where c is a
constant. In this case, we are interested in the expected
value of 12X which is the cost associated with the
defectives in the sample. So, E(12X) = 12E(X) =
12*58*0.15 = 104.4.

(1 pts) 1
Each defective drive costs the company 12 dollars. What
is the standard deviation of the cost to the company for
the defective drives in the sample? Give your answer to
Response:
Correct: 32.6325
Instructor feedback: Var(cX) = c
2
Var(X) where c is a
constant. So, the standard deviation of cX is the square
root of the variance which is c times the standard
deviation of X. In this case, we are interested in the
standard deviation of 12X which is the cost associated
with the defectives in the sample. This standard deviation
is then 32.6325.

Support requests arrive at a software company at the rate of 1
every 30 minutes. Assume that the requests arrive as events in a
Poisson process.
(1 pts) 1
What is the expected number of requests in an hour? Give
an exact answer.
Response:
Correct: 2
Instructor feedback: The expected number in an hour is
60/30 = 2.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that the number of requests in an
hour is between 3 and 5 inclusive? Give your answer to
Response:
Correct: 0.3068
Instructor feedback: Let X represent the number of
requests in an hour. X has a Poisson distribution with a
mean of 3. P(3 < X < 5) = P(X < 5) - P(X < 3) = 0.3068
using the StatCrunch calculator.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected number of requests in a 10 hour
work day? Give an exact answer.
Response:
Correct: 20
Instructor feedback: If we expect 2 in an hour, then we
expect 10*2 = 20 over a 10 hour period.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that the number of requests in a
10 hour work day is between 28 and 36 inclusive? Give
your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0521
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the number of
requests in 10 hours. Y has a Poisson distribution with a
mean of 20. P(28 < Y < 36) = P(Y < 36) - P(Y < 28) =
0.0521 using the StatCrunch calculator.

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of the number of requests
in a 10 hour work day? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 4.4721
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the number of
requests in 10 hours. Y has a Poisson distribution with a
mean of 20 and a variance of 20. The standard deviation
is then the square root of the variance which is 4.4721.

Hw 4
Due: Monday, Oct 3, 2011 8:00 am CST

Instructions: This assignment covers Chapter 5 from your text. You
might want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you work
Basics of continuous distributions - pages 119 - 124
Normal distribution - pages 125 - 131
Gamma distribution - pages 138 - 141

Trainees must complete a specific task in less than 2 minutes.
Consider the probability density function below for the time it
takes a trainee to complete the task.
f(x) = 0.82 - 0.32x 0 < x < 2

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability a trainee will complete the task in
less than 1.5 minutes? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.87
Instructor feedback: Let X represent the time in minutes
that it takes for the trainee to complete the task. We want
P(X < 1.5) = F(1.5) where F(x) represents the cdf of X. In
this case, the cdf is the integral of f(t) over t from 0 to x
so that F(x) = 0.82x - 0.32x
2
/2. The answer then is F(1.5)
= 0.87.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that a trainee will complete the
task in more than 1.5 minutes? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.13
Instructor feedback: In this case, we are looking for
P(X > 1.5) = 1 - P(X < 1.5) = 1 - 0.87 = 0.13.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability it will take a trainee between 0.32
minutes and 1.5 minutes to complete the task? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.624
Instructor feedback: We want P(0.32 < X < 1.5) =
F(1.5) - F(0.32) = 0.87 - 0.246 = 0.624.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected time it will take a trainee to
complete the task? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.7867
Instructor feedback: E(X) is the integral of x times f(x)
from 0 to 2. The integral in this case works out to be
0.82*2
2
/2 - 0.32*2
3
/3 = 0.7867.

(1 pts) 1
If X represents the time it takes to complete the task,
what is E(X
2
)? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.9067
Instructor feedback: E(X
2
) is the integral of x
2
f(x) from
0 to 2. The integral in this case works out to be 0.82*2
3
/3
- 0.32*2
4
/4 = 0.9067.

(1 pts) 1
If X represents the time it takes to complete the task,
what is Var(X)? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.2878
Instructor feedback: Var(X) = E(X
2
) - (E(X))
2
= 0.9067
- 0.7867
2
= 0.2878.

Let X represent the time it takes from when someone enters the
line for a roller coaster until they exit on the other side. Consider
the probability model defined by the cumulative distribution
function given below.
0 x < 3
F(x) = (x-3)/1.61 3 < x < 4.61
1 x > 4.61

(1 pts) 1
What is E(X)? Give your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 3.805
Instructor feedback: To answer this question, you must
first find the pdf of X. The pdf is the derivative of the cdf,
so f(x) = 1/1.61 for x between 3 and 4.61. E(X) is defined
as the integral of xf(x) = x/1.61 from 3 to 4.61 in this case
which works out to be 4.61
2
/(2*1.61) - 3
2
/(2*1.61) =
3.805. Alternatively, you could recognize that the
distribution above is Uniform on 3 to 4.61, so the mean is
(3 + 4.61)/2 = 3.805.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value c such that P(X < c) = 0.29? Give your
Response:
Correct: 3.4669
Instructor feedback: We need to solve F(c) = P( X < c)
= (c-3)/1.61 = 0.29 for c. So, c = 3 + 1.61*0.29 = 3.4669.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that X falls within 0.36 minutes of
its mean? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.4472
Instructor feedback: P(3.805 - 0.36 < X < 3.805 + 0.36)
= F(3.805 + 0.36) - F(3.805 - 0.36) = 2*0.36/1.61 =
0.4472.

(1 pts) 1
Consider the function given below:
f(x) = kx
3
0 < x < 2.14
What must be the value k so that f(x) is a valid probability
density function? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.1907
Instructor feedback: f(x) must integrate to 1 on 0 to 2.14. The
integral of f(x) from 0 to 2.14 is k*2.14
3+1
/(3+1). Setting this
integral equal to 1 and solving gives k equal to 0.1907.

Suppose that the weights of airline passenger bags are normally
distributed with a mean of 47.83 pounds and a standard deviation
of 3.42 pounds.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that the weight of a bag will be
less than the maximum allowable weight of 50 pounds?
Response:
Correct: 0.737124
Instructor feedback: Let X represent the weight of a
bag. Using the StatCrunch Normal calculator under the
Stat > Calculators menu with a mean of 47.83 and a
standard deviation of 3.42, we find P(X less than 50) =
0.737124.

(1 pts) 1
Let X represent the weight of a randomly selected bag.
For what value of c is P(E(X) - c < X < E(X) + c)=0.85?
Response:
Correct: 4.9232
Instructor feedback: Let X represent the weight of a
bag. Since the normal pdf is symmetric about E(X), we
are looking for the c such that P(E(X) - c < X) = P(X >
E(X) + c) = (1-0.85)/2 = 0.075. Using the StatCrunch
Normal calculator under the Stat > Calculators menu with
a mean of 47.83 and a standard deviation of 3.42, we find
the area to the left of 42.906802 is equal to 0.075. We
then have 42.906802 = 47.83 - c which solving for c
yields c = 4.9232.

(1 pts) 1
Assume the weights of individual bags are independent.
What is the expected number of bags out of a sample of
19 that weigh less than 50 lbs? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 14.0053
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the number of bags
out of a sample of 19 that weigh less than 50 lbs. Y has a
Binomial distribution with parameters n=19 and
p=0.737124. E(Y) = 19*0.85 = 14.0053.

(1 pts) 1
Assuming the weights of individual bags are independent,
what is the probability that 15 or fewer bags weigh less
than 50 pounds in a sample of size 19? Give your answer
Response:
Correct: 0.7764
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the number of bags
out of a sample of 19 that weigh less than 50 lbs. Y has a
Binomial distribution with parameters n=19 and
p=0.737124. P(Y < 15 ) = 0.7764 using the Binomial
calculator in StatCrunch.

A manufacturer of industrial solvent guarantees its customers
that each drum of solvent they ship out contains at least 100 lbs
of solvent. Suppose the amount of solvent in each drum is
normally distributed with a mean of 102.4 pounds and a standard
deviation of 3.58 pounds.
(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that a drum meets the guarantee?
Response:
Correct: 0.748696
Instructor feedback: Let X represent the amount of
solvent in a drum. Using the StatCrunch Normal
calculator under the Stat > Calculators menu with a mean
of 102.4 and a standard deviation of 3.58, we find P(X >
100) = 0.748696.

(1 pts) 1
What would the standard deviation need to be so that the
probability a drum meets the guarantee is 0.98? Give
your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.1686
Instructor feedback: You need to use standardization to
work this problem. We want to find the such that P(X >
100) = 0.98. Note that P(X > 100) = P((X - 102.4)/ >
(100 - 102.4)/) = P(Z > (100 - 102.4)/) where Z is a
standard Normal random variable. Using the StatCrunch
Normal calculator with a mean of 0 and a standard
deviation of 1, we find P(Z > -2.053749) = 0.98. We then
set -2.053749 = (100 - 102.4)/ and solve to find =
1.1686.

A company is preparing to launch a new web site to sell its
products. From past experience, they know that purchases at the
site will occur as a Poisson process with on average 25 purchases
every 10 minutes.
(1 pts) 1
What is the expected time in minutes before the first
purchase after the site opens? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.4
before the first purchase. X is a Gamma random variable
with =1 and =0.4. E(X) = = 0.4.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that more than 0.27 minutes pass
before the first purchase? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.509156
before the first purchase. X is a Gamma random variable
with =1 and =0.4. Using the Gamma calculator in
StatCrunch, P(X > 0.27) = 0.509156.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected time in minutes until the sixth
purchase? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 2.4
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the time in minutes
before the sixth purchase. Y is a Gamma random variable
with =6 and =0.4. E(Y) = = 2.4.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that the sixth purchase will occur
between 2 minutes and 2.8 minutes after the site opens?
Response:
Correct: 0.315252
Instructor feedback: Let Y represent the time in minutes
before the sixth purchase. Y is a Gamma random variable
with =6 and =0.4. Using the Gamma calculator in
StatCrunch, P(2 < Y < 2.8) = P(Y < 2.8) - P(Y < 2) =
0.315252.

Hw 5

Instructions: This assignment covers Section 5.10 and part of Section 6.2 from your text. You
might want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you work through the assignment.
Joint distributions - pages 145 - 156
Central Limit Theorem - pages 183 - 185

A restaurant needs a staff of 3 waiters and 2 chefs to be properly staffed. The joint
probability model for the number of waiters (X) and chefs (Y) that show up on any given
day is given below.
X
Y
0 1 2 3
0 k 0.01 0.01 0.02
1 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06
2 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.7

(1 pts) 1
What must the value of k be for this to be a valid probability model?
Response:
Correct: 0.02
Instructor feedback: The probabilities must add up to 1, so k = 1 - (0.01 + 0.01
+ 0.02 + 0.02 + 0.03 + 0.05 + 0.06 + 0.01 + 0.01 + 0.06 + 0.7) = 0.02.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that at least one waiter and at least one chef show up on
any given day?
Response:
Correct: 0.91
Instructor feedback: P(X > 1, Y > 1) = P(X=1,Y=1) + P(X=2,Y=1) +
P(X=3,Y=1) + P(X=1,Y=2) + P(X=2,Y=2) + P(X=3,Y=2) = 0.03 + 0.05 + 0.06 +
0.01 + 0.06 + 0.7 = 0.91.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that more chefs show up than waiters on any given day?
Response:
Correct: 0.04
Instructor feedback: P(Y > X) = P(X=0,Y=1) + P(X=0,Y=2) + P(X=1,Y=2) =
0.02 + 0.01 + 0.01 = 0.04.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that more than three total staff (waiters and chefs) will
show up on any given day?
Response:
Correct: 0.82
Instructor feedback: P(X+Y > 3) = P(X=3,Y=1) + P(X=2,Y=2) + P(X=3,Y=2)
= 0.06 + 0.06 + 0.7 = 0.82.

(1 pts) 1
What is the expected total number of staff (waiters and chefs) that will show up
on any given day?
Response:
Correct: 4.35
Instructor feedback: E(X+Y) = (0+0)*0.02 + (1+0)*0.01 + (2+0)*0.01 +
(3+0)*0.02 + (0+1)*0.02 + (1+1)*0.03 + (2+1)*0.05 + (3+1)*0.06 + (0+2)*0.01
+ (1+2)*0.01 + (2+2)*0.06 + (3+2)*0.7 = 4.35.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that three waiters will show up on any given day?
Response:
Correct: 0.78
Instructor feedback: P(X=3) = P(X=3,Y=0) + P(X=3,Y=1) + P(X=3,Y=2) =
0.02 + 0.06 + 0.7 = 0.78.

(1 pts) 1
What is the probability that two chefs will show up on any given day?
Response:
Correct: 0.78
Instructor feedback: P(Y=2) = P(X=0,Y=2) + P(X=1,Y=2) + P(X=2,Y=2) +
P(X=3,Y=2) = 0.01 + 0.01 + 0.06 = 0.7 = 0.78.

(1 pts) 1
X and Y are independent. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
Instructor feedback: X and Y are dependent because P(X=3,Y=2) = 0.7 is not
equal to P(X=3)*P(Y=2) = 0.78*0.78.

A manufacturer has designed a process to produce pipes that are 10 feet long. The
distribution of the pipe length, however, is actually Uniform on the interval 10 feet to
10.71 feet. Assume that the lengths of individual pipes produced by the process are
independent. Let X and Y represent the lengths of two different pipes produced by the
process.
(1 pts) 1
What is the joint pdf for X and Y?
f(x,y) = xy 10 < x < 10.71, 10 < y < 10.71
f(x,y) = 1/(0.71)
2
10 < x < 11, 10 < y < 11
f(x,y) = 1/(0.71)
2
10 < x < 10.71, 10 < y < 10.71
f(x,y) = 1 10 < x < 10.71, 10 < y < 10.71
(1 pts) 0
What is the probability that a single pipe will be between 10.13 feet and 10.44
feet long? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.43662
Instructor feedback: P(10.13 < X < 10.44) = int_10.13^10.44 1/0.71 dx =
(10.44- 10.13)/0.71 = 0.43662.

(1 pts) 0
What is the probability that both pieces of pipe are between 10.13 feet and 10.44
feet long? Give your answer to four decimal places. Hint: Try to avoid doing
calculus to solve this problem.
Response:
Correct: 0.1906
Instructor feedback: P(10.13 < X < 10.44,10.13 < Y < 10.44) = int_10.13^10.44
int_10.13^10.44 1/(0.71)
2
dx dy = (10.44 - 10.13)*(10.44 - 10.13)/(0.71)
2
=
0.1906. Graphically, we are finding the volume under the pdf over a region like
the one shown below with w=0.71, L=10.13 and U=10.44. Remember to think of
the pdf itself as coming out of your computer screen to a height of 1/(0.71)
2
. The
area is clearly a square with area (10.44 - 10.13)*(10.44 - 10.13), so we multiply
this area to by 1/(0.71)
2
to get the volume. Note that since X and Y are
independent, P(10.13 < X < 10.44,10.13 < Y < 10.44) = P(10.13 < X <
10.44)*P(10.13 < Y < 10.44) = [(10.44- 10.13)/0.71]*[(10.44- 10.13)/0.71].

(1 pts) 0
What is the expected length of a single pipe? Give your answer to three decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 10.355
Instructor feedback: E(X) = (10 + 10.71)/2 since X is Uniform on 10 to 10.71.

(1 pts) 0
What is the expected total length of the two pieces of pipe? Give your answer to
Response:
Correct: 20.71
Instructor feedback:
E(X + Y) = _10^10.71 _10^10.71 (x+y)/(0.71
2
) dx dy
= 1/(0.71)
2
_10^10.71 (10.71)
2
/2 - (10)
2
/2 + 10.71y - 10y dy
= (10.71 + 10)/2 + (10.71 + 10)/2
= E(X) + E(Y)
= 20.71

(1 pts) 0
What is the variance of the length of a single pipe? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.042008
Instructor feedback: The variance of a Uniform 10 to 10.71 is (10.71 - 10)
2
/12 =
0.71
2
/12 = 0.042008.

(1 pts) 0
What is the variance of the total length of both pipes? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.084017
Instructor feedback: Let Z = X + Y. Recall that Var(Z) = E(Z
2
) - (E(Z))
2
. We
found E(Z) = E(X) + E(Y) above, so all we need to find now is E(Z
2
).
E(Z
2
) = _10^10.71 _10^10.71 (x+y)
2
/(0.71
2
) dx dy
= 1/(0.71)
2
_10^10.71 _10^10.71 x
2
+ 2xy + y
2
dx dy
= 1/(0.71)
2
_10^10.71 (10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3 + 2y[(10.71)
2
/2 - (10)
2
/2] + 10.71y
2
-
10y
2
dy
= 1/(0.71)
2
[(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3 + 2((10.71)
2
/2 - (10)
2
/2)((10.71)
2
/2 - (10)
2
/2) +
(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]
= [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 + 2((10.71+10)/2)((10.71+10)/2) + [(10.71)
3
/3 -
(10)
3
/3]/0.71
= [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 + 2E(X)E(Y) + [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71
So,
Var(Z) = [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 + 2E(X)E(Y) + [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 -
[E(X)]
2
- 2E(X)E(Y) - [E(Y)]
2

= [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 - [E(X)]
2
+ [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71 - [E(Y)]
2

= E(X
2
) - [E(X)]
2
+ E(Y
2
) - [E(Y)]
2

= Var(X) + Var(Y)
= 0.042008 + 0.042008
= 0.084017.
Note that E(X
2
) = E(Y
2
) = [(10.71)
3
/3 - (10)
3
/3]/0.71.
Since X and Y are independent, the variance of the sum is the sum of the
variances.

(1 pts) 0
What is the probability that the second pipe (with length Y) is more than 0.34 feet
longer than the first pipe (with length X)? Give your answer to four decimal
places. Hint: Do not use calculus to get your answer.
Response:
Correct: 0.1358
Instructor feedback: We want to find P(Y > X + 0.34). The key here is to draw
the proper region. Reference the graph below with w=0.71 and a=0.34. In this
case, our region of integration is the shaded triangle. Since the joint pdf is flat at
the value of 1/(0.71
2
) over the entire square. the probability we are trying to find
is just the area of the rectangle (0.71-0.34)
2
/2 times the height of the function
1/(0.71
2
) which turns out to be 0.1358.

Calls to a customer service center last on average 2.4 minutes with a standard deviation
of 2 minutes. An operator in the call center is required to answer 100 calls each day.
Assume the call times are independent.
(1 pts) 1
What is the expected total amount of time in minutes the operator will spend on
the calls each day? Give an exact answer.
Response:
Correct: 240
Instructor feedback: The expected value of the sum of the 100 independent
times is 100*2.4 = 240.

(1 pts) 1
What is the standard deviation of the total amount of time in minutes the operator
will spend on the calls each day? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 20
Instructor feedback: The standard deviation of the total time of the {n]
independent calls is sqrt(100)*2 = 20.

(1 pts) 0
What is the approximate probability that the total time spent on the calls will be
less than 228 minutes? Give your answer to four decimal places. Use the standard
deviation as you entered it above to answer this question.
Response:
Correct: 0.274253
Instructor feedback: We have a large sample so we use the normal
approximation from the CLT. Using the StatCrunch normal calculator with the
mean and standard deviation given above,
P(total time less than 228) = 0.274253.

(1 pts) 0
What is the value c such that the approximate probability that the total time spent
on the calls each day is less than c is 0.9? Give your answer to four decimal
places. Use the standard deviation as you entered it above to answer this question.
Response:
Correct: 265.631
P(total time < 265.631) = 0.9.

A particular variety of watermelon weighs on average 26.1 pounds with a standard
deviation of 1.02 pounds. Consider the sample mean weight of 84 watermelons of this
variety. Assume the individual watermelon weights are independent.
(1 pts) 0
What is the expected value of the sample mean weight? Give an exact answer.
Response:
Correct: 26.1
Instructor feedback: The expected value of the sample mean is the same as the
population mean which is 26.1.

(1 pts) 0
What is the standard deviation of the sample mean weight? Give your answer to
Response:
Correct: 0.1113
Instructor feedback: The standard deviation of the sample mean is 1.02/sqrt(84)
= 0.1113.

(1 pts) 0
What is the approximate probability the sample mean weight will be less than
25.95? Give your answer to four decimal places. Use the standard deviation as
you entered it above to answer this question.
Response:
Correct: 0.088876
P(sample mean less than 25.95) = 0.088876.

(1 pts) 0
What is the value c such that the approximate probability the sample mean will be
less than c is 0.91? Give your answer to four decimal places. Use the standard
deviation as you entered it above to answer this question.
Response:
Correct: 26.2492
P(total time less than 26.2492) = 0.91.

Hw 6

Instructions: This assignment covers confidence intervals for a
population mean, population variance and a population proportion.
These topics are covered in portions of Chapters 6, 7 and 9. You might
want to look at the following pages in the eBook as you work through
the assignment.
Sampling distribution of the sample mean - pages 187 - 189
Sampling distribution of the sample variance - pages 189 - 190
Confidence interval for a population mean - pages 209 - 212
Confidence interval for a population variance - pages 268 - 270
Confidence interval for a population proportion - pages 278 - 281

The data below contain the number of defects observed on each
of 50 lcd screens made by a certain manufacturer.

Construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean number of
defects per screen for all screens produced by this manufacturer.
(1 pts) 1
What is the lower limit on the interval? Give your answer
to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.692
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is large (>
30), we use the Stat > Z statistics > One Sample option.
Select Defects then click Next and choose the confidence
interval option.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper limit on the interval? Give your answer
to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 2.588
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is large (>
30), we use the Stat > Z statistics > One Sample option.
Select Defects then click Next and choose the confidence
interval option.

(1 pts) 1
Based on the interval above, would you believe that the
mean number of defects per screen for all screens from
this manufacturer is 1.77?
No because 1.77 is not inside the interval.
No because 1.77 is inside the interval.
Yes because 1.77 is inside the interval.
Yes because 1.77 is not inside the interval.
(1 pts) 1
If we are very certain that the true standard deviation of
the number of defects per screen is below 2, what sample
size would be required so that the width of the 95%
confidence interval for the mean number of defects per
screen is at most 0.26? Make sure you enter a whole
number below.
Response:
Correct: 910
Instructor feedback: Recall that z
0.025
=1.96. The
required sample size is (2*1.96*2/0.26)
2
= 910 when
rounded up.

A sanitation department is interested in estimating the mean
amount of garbage per bin for all bins in the city. In a random
sample of 40 bins, the sample mean amount was 47.1 pounds and
the sample standard deviation was 3.9 pounds. Construct 95%
and 99% confidence intervals for the mean amount of garbage
per bin for all bins in the city.
(1 pts) 1
What is the lower limit of the 95% interval? Give your
Response:
Correct: 45.891
0.025
=1.96. So the
lower limit is 47.1 - 1.96*3.9/sqrt(40) = 45.891.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper limit of the 95% interval? Give your
Response:
Correct: 48.309
0.025
=1.96. So the
upper limit is 47.1 + 1.96*3.9/sqrt(40) = 48.309.

(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 45.512
0.005
=2.5758. So the
lower limit is 47.1 - 2.5758*3.9/sqrt(40) = 45.512.

(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 48.688
0.005
=2.5758. So the
upper limit is 47.1 + 2.5758*3.9/sqrt(40) = 48.688.

(1 pts) 1
Consider the claim that the mean amount of garbage per
bin is 48.4985 pounds. Is the following statement true or
false? The decision about the claim would depend on
whether we use a 95% or 99% confidence interval.
TRUE
FALSE
Company A is trying to sell its website to Company B. As part of
the sale, Company A claims that the average user of their site
stays on the site for 10 minutes. To test this claim Company B
collects the times (in minutes) below for a sample of 15 users.

Construct a 93% confidence interval for the true mean time spent
on the web site.
(1 pts) 1
answer to three decimal places. Enter 0 if your lower
limit is less than 0.
Response:
Correct: 3.092
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is small (<
30), we use the Stat > T statistics > One Sample option.
Select Time then click Next and choose the confidence
interval option with appropriate confidence level.

(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 9.642
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is small (<
30), we use the Stat > T statistics > One Sample option.
Select Time then click Next and choose the confidence
interval option with appropriate confidence level.

(1 pts) 1
Based on this data, do you believe the claim made by
Company A?
No because 10 is not inside the interval.
No because 10 is inside the interval.
Yes because 10 is inside the interval.
Yes because 10 is not inside the interval.
(1 pts) 1
Which of the following assumptions should be checked
before constructing the above confidence interval?
the data need to have small variance
the data need to follow a t distribution
the data need to follow a normal distribution
the data need to be skewed
Instructor feedback: In this case, an exponential
distribution was used to simulate the data so the t
confidence interval is really not appropriate.

A university with a high water bill is interested in estimating the
mean amount of time that students spend in the shower each day.
In a sample of 19 students, the average time was 5.07 minutes
and the standard deviation was 1.31 minutes. Using this sample
information, construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean
amount of time that students spend in the shower each day.
(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 4.205
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is small, we
use a t interval. Using the StatCrunch t calculator, we find
t
0.005,18
=2.8784. So the lower limit is 5.07 -
2.8784*1.31/sqrt(19) = 4.205.

(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 5.935
Instructor feedback: Since the sample size is small, we
use a t interval. Using the StatCrunch t calculator, we find
t
0.005,18
=2.8784. So the upper limit is 5.07 +
2.8784*1.31/sqrt(19) = 5.935.

A company produces a women's bowling ball that is supposed to
weigh exactly 14 pounds. Unfortunately, the company has a
problem with the variability of the weight. In a sample of 12 of
the bowling balls the sample standard deviation was found to be
0.68 pounds. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the
variance of the bowling ball weight.
(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 0.232
Instructor feedback: Using the StatCrunch chi-square
calculator, we find
2
0.975,11
=21.92. So the lower limit is
(12-1)*0.68
2
/21.92 = 0.232.

(1 pts) 1
Response:
Correct: 1.333
Instructor feedback: Using the StatCrunch chi-square
calculator, we find
2
0.025,11
=3.8157. So the upper limit is
(12-1)*0.68
2
/3.8157 = 1.333.

(1 pts) 1
Which of the following assumptions should be checked
before constructing the above confidence interval?
the data need to have small variance
the data need to follow a chi-square distribution
the data need to follow a normal distribution
the data need to be right skewed
A web based software company is interested in estimating the
proportion of individuals who use the Firefox browser. In a
sample of 200 of individuals, 18 users stated that they used
Firefox. Using this data, construct a 99% confidence interval for
the proportion of all individuals that use Firefox.
(1 pts) 1
What is the lower limit on the 99% confidence interval?
Give your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.038
0.005
=2.5758. The
sample proportion is 18/200 = 0.09, so the lower limit is
0.09 - 2.5758*sqrt(0.09*(1-0.09)/200) = 0.038.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper limit on the 99% confidence interval?
Response:
Correct: 0.142
0.005
=2.5758. The
sample proportion is 18/200 = 0.09, so the upper limit is
0.09 + 2.5758*sqrt(0.09*(1-0.09)/200) = 0.142.

(1 pts) 1
Google states that the proportion of all individuals that
use Firefox is 0.2. Based on the interval above, does the
Google claim seem reasonable?
No because 0.2 is not inside the interval.
No because 0.2 is inside the interval.
Yes because 0.2 is inside the interval.
Yes because 0.2 is not inside the interval.
(1 pts) 1
What sample size would be required so that the width of
the 99% confidence interval would be at most 0.04 units
wide? Be as conservative as possible with your
answer!
Response:
Correct: 4147
Instructor feedback: The required sample size is
(2.5758/0.04)
2
= 4147 when rounded up.

Hw 7

Instructions: This assignment covers hypothesis testing for a population
mean and a population proportion. These topics are covered in portions
of Chapters 6, 7 and 9. You might want to look at the following pages in
the eBook as you work through the assignment.
Sampling distribution of the sample mean - pages 187 - 189
Basics of hypothesis testing - pages 222 - 227
Hypothesis test for a population mean - pages 229 - 234
Hypothesis test for a population proportion - pages 283 - 284

A quality control engineer at a particular lcd screen manufacturer
is studying the mean number of defects per screen. Based on
historical evidence, the mean number of defects per screen was
thought to be 2.63. There have recently been changes to the
manufacturing process, and the engineer now feels that the mean
number of defects per screen may be significantly smaller than
2.63. Using the number of defects on each of 50 sample screens
shown below, conduct the appropriate hypothesis test using a
0.05 level of significance.

(1 pts) 1
What are the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses?
H
0
: = 2.63 versus H
a
: 2.63
H
0
: = 2.63 versus H
a
: < 2.63
H
0
: = 2.63 versus H
a
: > 2.63
H
0
: = 2.63 versus H
a
: > 2.63
(1 pts) 1
What is the test statistic? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -0.5276
Instructor feedback: Since n is large, we use the one
sample Z test in StatCrunch (Stat > Z statistics > One
sample). Select the defects column and then click Next.
Specify 2.63 for the null mean and "<" for the alternative
hypothesis. Click Calculate to find the Z statistic is -
0.5276.

(1 pts) 1
What is the P-value for the test? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.2989
Instructor feedback: Since n is large, we use the one
sample Z test in StatCrunch (Stat > Z statistics > One
sample). Select the defects column and then click Next.
Specify 2.63 for the null mean and "<" for the alternative
hypothesis. Click Calculate to find the P-value is 0.2989.
You can verify this answer using the Normal Calculator
to find P(Z < -0.5276) = 0.2989.

(1 pts) 1
What is the appropriate conclusion?
Fail to reject the claim that the mean number of defects
per screen is 2.63 because the P-value is smaller than
0.05.
Fail to reject the claim that the mean number of defects
per screen is 2.63 because the P-value is larger than 0.05.
Reject the claim that the mean number of defects per
screen is 2.63 because the P-value is larger than 0.05.
Reject the claim that the mean number of defects per
screen is 2.63 because the P-value is smaller than 0.05.
A sanitation supervisor is interested in testing to see if the mean
amount of garbage per bin is different from 50. In a random
sample of 36 bins, the sample mean amount was 48.1 pounds and
the sample standard deviation was 3.1 pounds. Conduct the
appropriate hypothesis test using a 0.1 level of significance.
(1 pts) 1
H
0
: = 50 versus H
a
: 50
H
0
: = 50 versus H
a
: < 50
H
0
: = 50 versus H
a
: > 50
H
0
: = 50 versus H
a
: 50
(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -3.6774
Instructor feedback: We use the Z statistic since n is
large. The Z statistic is (48.1 - 50)/(3.1/sqrt(36)) = -
3.6774.

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0002
Instructor feedback: For this two-sided test, the P-value
is 2*P(Z > |-3.6774|) = 0.0002.

(1 pts) 1
Fail to reject the claim that the mean amount per bin is
50 pounds because the P-value is smaller than 0.1.
Fail to reject the claim that the mean amount per bin is
50 pounds because the P-value is larger than 0.1.
Reject the claim that the mean amount per bin is 50
pounds because the P-value is larger than 0.1.
Reject the claim that the mean amount per bin is 50
pounds because the P-value is smaller than 0.1.
Company A is trying to sell its website to Company B. As part of
the sale, Company A claims that the average user of their site
stays on the site for 10 minutes. Company B is concerned that
the mean time is significantly less than 10 minutes. Company B
collects the times (in minutes) below for a sample of 11 users.

Conduct the appropriate hypothesis test for Company B using a
0.08 level of significance.
(1 pts) 1
H
0
: = 10 versus H
a
: 10
H
0
: = 10 versus H
a
: < 10
H
0
: = 10 versus H
a
: > 10
H
0
: = 10 versus H
a
: 10
(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -5.9524
Instructor feedback: We use a T statistic because the
sample size is small. Using Stat > T statistics > One
Sample, we select the Time column and then click Next.
Specify "<" for the alternative hypothesis and 10 for the
null mean. Click Calculate to find the T statistic of -
5.9524.

(1 pts) 1
What is the critical value for the test? Give your answer
Response:
Correct: -1.5179
Instructor feedback: Use stat > Calculators > T and
enter 0.08 for the probability and "<" for the direction, to
find P(T < -1.5179) = 0.08.

(1 pts) 1
Fail to reject the claim that the mean time is 10 minutes
because the test statistic is smaller than the critical point.
because the test statistic is larger than the critical point.
Reject the claim that the mean time is 10 minutes
because the test statistic is larger than the critical point.
Reject the claim that the mean time is 10 minutes
because the test statistic is smaller than the critical point.
A facilities manager at a university reads in a research report that
the mean amount of time spent in the shower by an adult is 5
minutes. He decides to collect data to see if the mean amount of
time that college students spend in the shower is significantly
different from 5 minutes. In a sample of 13 students, he found
the average time was 5.39 minutes and the standard deviation
was 0.75 minutes. Using this sample information, conduct the
appropriate hypothesis test at the 0.1 level of significance.
(1 pts) 1
H
0
: = 5 versus H
a
: 5
H
0
: = 5 versus H
a
: < 5
H
0
: = 5 versus H
a
: > 5
H
0
: = 5 versus H
a
: 5
(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.8749
Instructor feedback: We use the T statistic since n is
small. The T statistic is (5.39 - 5)/(0.75/sqrt(13)) =
1.8749.

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0853
Instructor feedback: For this two-sided test, the P-value
is 2*P(T > |1.8749|) = 0.0853 where T has 13 - 1 degrees
of freedom.

(1 pts) 1
because the P-value is smaller than 0.1.
because the P-value is larger than 0.1.
Reject the claim that the mean time is 5 minutes because
the P-value is larger than 0.1.
Reject the claim that the mean time is 5 minutes because
the P-value is smaller than 0.1.
A research report claims that 20% of all individuals use Firefox
to browse the web. A software company is trying to determine if
the proportion of their users who use Firefox is significantly
different from 0.2. In a sample of 200 of their users, 30 users
stated that they used Firefox. Using this data, conduct the
appropriate hypothesis test using a 0.01 level of significance.
(1 pts) 1
What are the appropriate hypotheses?
H
0
: p = 0.2 versus H
a
: p 0.2
H
0
: p = 0.2 versus H
a
: p < 0.2
H
0
: p = 0.2 versus H
a
: p > 0.2
H
0
: = 0.2 versus H
a
: > 0.2
(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -1.7678
Instructor feedback: The Z statistic is (0.15 -
0.2)/sqrt(0.2*(1-0.2)/200) = -1.7678.

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0771
Instructor feedback: The P-value for this two-sided test
is 2*P(Z > |-1.7678|) = 0.0771.

(1 pts) 1
Fail to reject the claim that the Firefox proportion is 0.2
because the P-value is smaller than 0.01.
Conclude that the Firefox proportion is 0.2 because the
P-value is larger than 0.01.
Conclude that the Firefox proportion is not 0.2 because
the P-value is larger than 0.01.
Conclude that the Firefox proportion is not 0.2 because
the P-value is smaller than 0.01.
Company A makes a large shipment to Company B. Company B
can reject the shipment if they can conclude that the proportion
of defective items in the shipment is larger than 0.1. In a sample
of 400 items from the shipment, Company B finds that 59 are
defective. Conduct the appropriate hypothesis test for Company
B using a 0.01 level of significance.
(1 pts) 1
What are the appropriate hypotheses?
H
0
: p = 0.1 versus H
a
: p 0.1
H
0
: p = 0.1 versus H
a
: p < 0.1
H
0
: p = 0.1 versus H
a
: p > 0.1
H
0
: = 0.1 versus H
a
: > 0.1
(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 3.1667
Instructor feedback: The Z statistic in this case is
(0.1475 - 0.1)/sqrt(0.1*(1-0.1)/400) = 3.1667.

(1 pts) 0
What is the critical point for the test? Give your answer
Response:
Correct: 2.3263
Instructor feedback: The critical point is z
0.01
=2.3263
which can be found using the Normal calculator.

(1 pts) 1
Fail to reject the claim that the defective proportion in
the shipment is 0.1 because the test statistic is larger than
the critical point.
Fail to reject the claim that the defective proportion in
the shipment is 0.1 because the test statistic is smaller
than the critical point.
Conclude that the defective proportion in the shipment
is greater than 0.1 because the test statistic is smaller than
the critical point.
Conclude that the defective proportion in the shipment
is greater than 0.1 because the test statistic is larger than
the critical point.

Hw 8
Due: Monday, Nov 14, 2011 8:00 am CST

Instructions: This assignment covers two sample confidence intervals
and hypothesis tests for comparing two population means, two
population variances and two population proportions. You might want to
look at the following pages in the eBook as you work through the
assignment.
Confidence intervals/hypothesis tests for two means - pages 246
- 261
Hypothesis test for two variances - pages 272 - 275

An engineer in charge of water rationing for the U.S. Army
wants to determine if the average male soldier spends less time
in the shower than the average female soldier. Let
m
represent
the average time in the shower of male soldiers and
f
represent
the average time in the shower of female soldiers.
(1 pts) 1
What are the appropriate hypotheses for the engineer?
H
0
:
m
=
f
versus H
a
:
m

f

H
0
:
m
=
f
versus H
a
:
m
<
f

H
0
:
m
=
f
versus H
a
:
m
>
f

H
0
:
m
=
f
versus H
a
:
m
>
f

(1 pts) 1
Among a sample of 56 male soldiers the average shower
time was found to be 2.48 minutes and the standard
deviation was found to be 0.66 minutes. Among a sample
of 59 female soldiers the average shower time was found
to be 2.55 minutes and the standard deviation was found
to be 0.74 minutes. What is the test statistic? Give your
Response:
Correct: -0.5359
Instructor feedback: Z = (2.48 - 2.55)/sqrt(0.66
2
/56 +
0.74
2
/59) = -0.5359.

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.296
Instructor feedback: P-value = P(Z < -0.5359) = 0.296.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is the appropriate
conclusion?
Reject the claim that the average shower times are
different for male and female soldiers because the P-
value is greater than 0.05.
Fail to reject the claim that the average shower times are
the same for male and female soldiers because the P-
value is greater than 0.05.
Conclude that the average shower time for males is
equal to the average shower time for females because the
P-value is less than 0.05.
Conclude that the average shower time for males is less
than the average shower time for females because the P-
value is less than 0.05.
Reserve Capacity (RC) is the number of minutes a fully charged
battery at 80 degrees will discharge 25 amps until the battery
drops below 10.5 volts. An automobile manufacturer wants to
compare the mean RC for batteries from two different suppliers.
RC data (in minutes) for samples of 50 batteries from each
supplier are shown below. Construct a 95% confidence interval
for the difference between the mean RC for supplier 1 and the
mean RC for supplier 2.

(1 pts) 1
What is the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval?
Response:
Correct: 0.313
Instructor feedback: Since the sample sizes are both
large, use the Stat > Z statistics > Two sample option in
StatCrunch. Select Supplier 1 for Sample 1 and Supplier
2 for Sample 2. Click Next and enter the value of 95
divided by 100 for the confidence level. Then click
Calculate to get the interval.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval?
Response:
Correct: 7.847
large, use the Stat > Z statistics > Two sample option in
StatCrunch. Select Supplier 1 for Sample 1 and Supplier
2 for Sample 2. Click Next and enter the value of 95
divided by 100 as a decimal for the confidence level.
Then click Calculate to get the interval.

(1 pts) 1
Based on this interval, does the claim that mean RC
rating is the same for both suppliers seem reasonable?
No because 0 is not inside the interval.
No because 0 is inside the interval.
Yes because 0 is inside the interval.
Yes because 0 is not inside the interval.
A hospital wishes to justify the benefits of nutrition programs for
pregnant women using birth weight data from newborns. The
hospital hopes to show that the mean birth weight for newborns
from mothers who complete the program is higher than the birth
weight for newborns from mothers who do not complete the
program. A group of 16 pregnant women were randomly divided
into two groups; the first group received the nutrition program
and the second group did not receive the program. The resulting
weights (in grams) of the newborn babies from each group are
shown below.

(1 pts) 1
Let
1
represent the mean associated with the nutrition
program, and let
2
represent the mean associated with no
nutrition program. What are the proper hypotheses?
H
0
:
1
=
2
versus H
a
:
1

2

H
0
:
1
=
2
versus H
a
:
1
<
2

H
0
:
1
=
2
versus H
a
:
1
>
2

H
0
:
1
>
2
versus H
a
:
1
=
2

(1 pts) 1
Before performing the primary test of interest, what is the
P-value for the test where the null is that the variability in
birth weight is the same regardless of whether the mother
completes the program and the alternative is two sided?
Response:
Correct: 0.6868
Instructor feedback: Choose the Stat > Variance > Two
sample option from StatCrunch. Select Group 1 for
Sample 1 and Group 2 for Sample 2. Click Compute. By
default a two sided test is computed.

(1 pts) 1
For the primary test of interest specified in Part a, use the
test that assumes equal variances since the P-value in Part
b is not significant. What is the test statistic? Give your
Response:
Correct: 1.5094
small, choose the Stat > T Statistics > Two sample option
from StatCrunch. Select Group 1 for Sample 1 and Group
2 for Sample 2. Click Next and select the greater than
alternative. Click Compute. By default the variances are
pooled. By the way, a QQ plot shows that both groups are
roughly normally distributed.

(1 pts) 1
What is the P-value associated with the test statistic?
Response:
Correct: 0.0767
small, choose the Stat > T Statistics > Two sample option
from StatCrunch. Select Group 1 for Sample 1 and Group
2 for Sample 2. Click Next and select the greater than
alternative. Click Compute. By default the variances are
pooled. By the way, a QQ plot shows that both groups are
roughly normally distributed.

(1 pts) 1
What is the appropriate conclusion for the hospital using
a 0.1 level of significance?
Reject the claim that the mean birth weight with the
program is higher than the mean birth weight without the
program because the P-value is less than 0.1.
Fail to reject the claim that the mean birth weight with
the program is equal to the mean birth weight without the
program because the P-value is greater than 0.1.
Fail to reject the claim that the mean birth weight with
the program is equal to the mean birth weight without the
program because the P-value is less than 0.1.
Conclude that the mean birth weight with the program is
higher than the mean birth weight without the program
because the P-value is less than 0.1.
A professor is interested in comparing the average amount spent
on textbooks for freshmen and sophomores. A random sample of
10 freshmen yielded a sample mean amount of $1062 and a
sample standard deviation of $54. A random sample of 10
sophomores yielded a sample mean amount of $1243 and a
sample standard deviation of $310. Construct a 95% confidence
interval for the difference between the mean amount spent on
textbooks by freshmen and the mean amount spent by
sophomores (ie. do freshmen minus sophomores). Since the
sample standard deviations are wildly different, use a method
which does not assume the populations have the same variance.
(1 pts) 1
What is the appropriate degrees of freedom in this case?
Response:
Correct: 9.5457
Instructor feedback: v = (54
2
/10 +
310
2
/10)
2
/((54
2
/10)
2
/(10-1) + (310
2
/10)
2
/(10-1)) = 9.5457.

(1 pts) 1
What is the lower confidence limit on the interval? Give
your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -404.154
Instructor feedback: The critical point is t
0.05/2,9.5457
=
2.2426, so the lower endpoint on the interval is 1062 -
1243 - 2.2426*sqrt(54
2
/10 + 310
2
/10) = -404.154.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper confidence limit on the interval? Give
Response:
Correct: 42.154
Instructor feedback: The critical point is t
0.05/2,9.5457
=
2.2426, so the upper endpoint on the interval is 1062 -
1243 + 2.2426*sqrt(54
2
/10 + 310
2
/10) = 42.154.

(1 pts) 1
Using this interval, is it reasonable to conclude that the
average sophomore spends more than the average
freshman?
Yes because the upper endpoint on the interval is below
0.
Yes because the upper endpoint on the interval is above
0.
No because the interval contains 0.
Yes because the interval contains 0.
A consumer advocacy group feels that Walmart provides a less
safe shopping environment than Target. To try to prove their
point, they randomly selected 24 Walmart stores and found the
annual number of crime reports filed for these stores. Each of
these Walmart stores was then paired with a Target store within a
10 mile radius, and the annual crime reports for the associated
Target stores were also recorded. The data is shown below. Test
to to see if the mean number of crime incidents at Walmart stores
is significantly larger than the mean number of crime incidents at
Target stores. Please note the data shown below is not real, but if
you would like to see the real example, check out
walmartcrimereport.com. Unfortunately, the real data was
collected in a way that was not fair to Walmart.

(1 pts) 1
Let
W
represent the mean incidents associated with
Walmart, and let
T
represent the mean incidents
associated with Target. What are the proper hypotheses?
H
0
:
W
=
T
versus H
a
:
W

T

H
0
:
W
=
T
versus H
a
:
W
<
T

H
0
:
W
=
T
versus H
a
:
W
>
T

H
0
:
W
>
T
versus H
a
:
W
=
T

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 1.8763
Instructor feedback: The data is clearly paired in this
case, so we need to do a paired t test. To perform this
paired t test in StatCrunch, select Stat > T Statistics >
Paired option. Specify Walmart for Sample 1 and Target
for Sample 2. Click Next and choose the > option for the
Alternative. Click Calculate to get the output. The test
statistic is shown to be 1.8763.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is the critical
point for this test? Give your answer to four decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 1.7139
Instructor feedback: Use the Stat > Calculators > T
option. Specify a degrees of freedom to 24-1=23, for
the inequality and 0.05 for the value of the probability.
Click Compute to get the critical value of 1.7139.

(1 pts) 1
Reject the claim that
W
is greater than
T
because the
test statistic is larger than the critical point.
Fail to reject the claim that
W
is equal to
T
because the
test statistic is less than the critical point.
Fail to reject the claim that
W
is equal to
T
because the
test statistic is larger than the critical point.
Conclude that
W
is greater than
T
because the test
statistic is larger than the critical point.
Shortly after September 11th 2001, a researcher wanted to
determine if the proportion of females that favored war with Iraq
was significantly different from the proportion of males that
favored war with Iraq. In a sample of 65 females, 26 favored war
with Iraq. In a sample of 67 males, 40 favored war with Iraq.
(1 pts) 1
Let p
F
represent the proportion of females that favor the
war, p
M
represent the proportion of males that favor the
war. What are the proper hypotheses?
H
0
: p
F
= p
M
versus H
a
: p
F
p
M

H
0
: p
F
= p
M
versus H
a
: p
F
< p
M

H
0
: p
F
= p
M
versus H
a
: p
F
> p
M

H
0
: p
F
< p
M
versus H
a
: p
F
= p
M

(1 pts) 1
What is the test statistic? Compute the statistic using
male statistics subtracted from female statistics. Give
your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -2.2633
Instructor feedback: First note that the sample
proportion for females is px = 26/65 = 0.4 and the sample
proportion for males is py = 40/67 = 0.597. The
combined sample proportion is pbar = (26 + 40)/(65 +
67) = 0.5. The test statistic is Z = (0.4 -
0.597)/sqrt(0.5*(1-0.5)*(1/65 + 1/67)) = -2.2633.

(1 pts) 1
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.0236
Instructor feedback: The two-sided P-Value is 2*P(Z >
|-2.2633|) which equals 0.0236 using the StatCrunch
Normal calculator. You can also find this P-value using
the Stat > Proportions > Two sample > with summary
option. Specify the values for both samples and click
Compute to get the test results.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.01 level of significance, what conclusion
should be reached?
The proportion of females that favor the war and the
proportion of males that favor the war are not
significantly different because the P-value is less than
0.01.
proportion of males that favor the war are not
significantly different because the P-value is greater than
0.01.
proportion of males that favor the war are significantly
different because the P-value is greater than 0.01.
proportion of males that favor the war are significantly
different because the P-value is less than 0.01.
(1 pts) 1
What is the lower endpoint of a 99% confidence interval
for the difference between the proportion of females that
favor the war and the proportion of males that favor the
war? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -0.417
Instructor feedback: The critical point for the interval is
z
0.01/2
= 2.5758. The lower limit is then given by 0.4 -
0.597 - 2.5758*sqrt(0.4*(1-0.4)/65 + 0.597*(1-0.597)/67)
= -0.417.

(1 pts) 1
What is the upper endpoint of a 99% confidence interval
for the difference between the proportion of females that
favor the war and the proportion of males that favor the
war? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.023
Instructor feedback: The critical point for the interval is
z
0.01/2
= 2.5758. The upper limit is then given by 0.4 -
0.597 + 2.5758*sqrt(0.4*(1-0.4)/65 + 0.597*(1-
0.597)/67) = 0.023.

Hw 9
Due: Monday, Nov 21, 2011 8:00 am CST

Instructions: This assignment covers the ANOVA procedure for
comparing several population means. These topics are covered in Sections
12.1 and 12.2 of your eBook. You might want to look at the following
pages in the eBook as you work through the assignment.
Background - pages 354 - 357
ANOVA - pages 357 - 367

A trucking company conducted an ANOVA analysis comparing
the mean mileage associated with several different brands of tires.
The ANOVA table is shown below.
Source DF SS MS F
Treatment 2 3.483 1.7415 2.498924
Error 21 14.635 C
Total 23 B

(1 pts) 1
How many brands of tires did the company compare?
Response:
Correct: 3
Instructor feedback: The number of treatments (in this
case brands compared) is DF
TRT
+ 1 = 2 + 1 = 3.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of B in the ANOVA table? Give your
Response:
Correct: 18.118
Instructor feedback: SS
tot
= SS
trt
+ SS
err
= 3.483 + 14.635
= 18.118.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of C in the ANOVA table? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.6969
Instructor feedback: MS
err
= SS
err
/DF
err
= 14.635/21 =
0.6969.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.1 level of significance, what is the critical point
compared to the F statistic in order to make a conclusion?
Response:
Correct: 2.574569
Instructor feedback: Using the StatCrunch F calculator,
F
0.1,2,21
= 2.574569.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.05 level of significance, what conclusion should
the company reach?
Fail to reject the hypothesis that one brand has a different
mean mileage than the other brands.
Fail to reject the hypothesis that all brands have the same
mean mileage.
Reject the hypothesis that one brand has a different mean
mileage than the other brands.
Reject the hypothesis that all brands have the same mean
mileage.
A researcher wants to determine the impact of soil type on the
growth of a certain type of plant. She grows three plants in each of
four different types of soil and measures the growth in inches for
each plant after one month resulting in the data below.

(1 pts) 1
What null hypothesis is the researcher testing if she runs an
ANOVA with this data?
One type of soil has a higher mean growth for the plant
than the others.
The mean growth of the plant in each type of soil is the
same.
Soil 3 provides a lower mean growth for the plant than
the other types of soil.
The mean growth of the plant is different in each type of
soil.
The variability in growth of the plant in each type of soil
is the same.
(1 pts) 1
What is the SS
trt
for the ANOVA? Give your answer to at
least three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 10.2066667
Instructor feedback: From the StatCrunch ANOVA,
Source DF SS MS F P-value
Treatment 3 10.2066667 3.4022222 2.907882 0.1011
Error 8 9.36 1.17
Total 11 19.5666667

(1 pts) 1
What is DF
err
for the ANOVA?
Response:
Correct: 8
Instructor feedback: From the ANOVA output in b, DF
err

= 8.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of the F statistic for the ANOVA? Give
your answer to at least three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 2.907882
Instructor feedback: For the ANOVA output in b, F =
2.907882 = 3.4022222/1.17.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.1 level of significance, what conclusion should
the researcher reach?
Soil 1 has a higher mean growth for the plant than the
other types of soil.
There is not enough evidence to reject the claim that the
mean growth of the plant is the same in each type of soil.
Soil 3 has a lower mean growth for the plant than the
other types of soil.
The mean growth of the plant is not the same for all soil
types.
The NIH wants to compare the mean weight loss for five different
diets. They measure the weight loss (in pounds) of 5 men assigned
to each of the diets for one month. The resulting data set is below.

(1 pts) 1
Which of the following is NOT an assumption that should
be checked before performing an ANOVA?
The average weight loss should be roughly the same for
each diet.
The variability in weight loss should be roughly the same
for each diet.
Weight loss should be roughly normally distributed for
each diet.
(1 pts) 1
What is the F statistic for the ANOVA? Give your answer
to at least three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 3.656907
Instructor feedback: From the StatCrunch ANOVA,
Treatment 4 11.6904 2.9226 3.656907 0.0216
Error 20 15.984 0.7992
Total 24 27.6744

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.01 level of significance, what is the critical point
that one would compare to the F statistic in order to make a
conclusion? Give your answer to three decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 4.43069
Instructor feedback: From the StatCrunch F calculator,
F
0.01,4,20
= 4.43069.

(1 pts) 1
What is the P-value from the ANOVA? Give your answer
Response:
Correct: 0.0216
Instructor feedback: See the ANOVA output from b part.

(1 pts) 1
What is the proper conclusion for NIH in this case?
Diet 4 has the largest mean weight loss because the F
Fail to reject the claim that all diets are equivalent in
terms of mean weight loss because the F statistic is smaller
Diet 5 has the largest mean weight loss because the F
Reject the claim that all diets are equivalent in terms of
mean weight loss because the F statistic is larger than the
critical point.
Fail to reject the claim that all diets are equivalent in
terms of mean weight loss because the F statistic is larger
A pizza lover wants to compare the average delivery times for four
local pizza restaurants. Over the course of a few weeks, he orders
a number of pizzas from each restaurant, and he records the time it
takes for each pizza to be delivered.
(1 pts) 1
When performing an ANOVA with this data, what is the
alternative hypothesis?
All of the restaurants have different mean delivery times
Two of the restaurants have different mean delivery times
At least two of the restaurants have different mean
delivery times
One of the restaurants has a different mean delivery time
than the others
(1 pts) 1
A partial ANOVA table for his data is shown below. What
is the value of B?
Treatment B 18.216 D F G
Error C 14.522 E
Total 18 32.738

Response:
Correct: 3
Instructor feedback: B is DF
trt
= 4 - 1 = 3 since there are
four restaurants being compared.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of C in the ANOVA table?
Response:
Correct: 15
Instructor feedback: C is DF
err
= DF
tot
- DF
trt
= 15.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of D in the ANOVA table? Give your
Response:
Correct: 6.072
Instructor feedback: D is MS
trt
= SS
trt
/DF
trt
= 6.072.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of E in the ANOVA table? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.9681
Instructor feedback: D is MS
err
= SS
err
/DF
err
= 0.9681.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of F in the ANOVA table? Give your
answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 6.272079
Instructor feedback: F = MS
trt
/MS
err
= 6.272079.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of G in the ANOVA table? Give your
Response:
Correct: 0.0057
Instructor feedback: G is the P-value = P(F > 6.272079)
= 0.0057 using the StatCrunch calculator with numerator
degrees of freedom 3 and denominator degrees of freedom
15.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.05 level of significance, what should his
conclusion be in this case?
He should conclude that at least two of the restaurants
have different mean delivery times because the P-value is
greater than 0.05.
He should fail to reject the claim that at all of the
restaurants have the same mean delivery times because the
P-value is greater than 0.05.
He should conclude that at all of the restaurants have the
same mean delivery times because the P-value is less than
0.05.
He should conclude that at least two of the restaurants
have different mean delivery times because the P-value is
less than 0.05.

Hw 10
Due: Monday, Dec 5, 2011 8:00 am CST

Instructions: This assignment covers the simple linear regression
procedure. This topic is covered in Chapter 11. You might want to look
at the following pages in the eBook as you work through the assignment.
Least squares principle - pages 301 - 309
Hypothesis tests/confidence intervals/prediction intervals for
regression - pages 309 - 315

A random sample of 20 individuals who graduated from college
five years ago were asked to report the total amount of debt (in
$) they had when they graduated from college and the total value
of their current investments (in $) resulting in the data set below.

(1 pts) 1
Which statement best describes the relationship between
these two variables?
College debt is not associated with current investment.
As college debt increases current investment increases.
As college debt increases current investment decreases.
As college debt decreases current investment decreases.
Instructor feedback: Construct a scatter plot in
StatCrunch to answer this question. You will see a
negative association (downward trend) in the scatter plot.

(1 pts) 1
Develop a regression equation for predicting current
investment based on college debt. What is the expected
change in current investment for each additional dollar of
college debt? Give your answer to four decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -1.880283
Instructor feedback: Use StatCrunch to regress Invested
on Debt with the Stat > Regression > Simple Linear
option. The Y-Variable is Invested and the X-Variable is
Debt. The value asked for in this question is the slope
estimate from the regression.

(1 pts) 1
When testing for a significant linear relationship in your
regression analysis, what is the proper conclusion at the
0.1 level of significance?
We fail to reject the claim of no linear relationship
between college debt and current investment because the
P-value is less than 0.1.
We fail to reject the claim of no linear relationship
between college debt and current investment because the
P-value is greater than 0.1.
There is a significant linear relationship between college
debt and current investment because the P-value is
greater than 0.1.
There is a significant linear relationship between college
debt and current investment because the P-value is less
than 0.1.
Instructor feedback: The P-value for the test that the
true slope is zero versus the two sided alternative is
approximately 0. If the P-value is less than 0.1 we
determine there is a significant linear relationship.
Otherwise, we fail to reject the claim of no linear
relationship.

(1 pts) 1
What is the predicted current investment for an individual
who had a college debt of $5000? Give your answer to
two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 59534.082848
Instructor feedback: You can use StatCrunch to get this
answer by plugging in a predicted value of 5000 or you
can simply plug this value into your estimated regression
equation to find a predicted value of 68935.499973 + -
1.880283*5000 = 59534.082848. Note that the values
shown here may be slightly different than those shown in
StatCrunch due to differences in rounding.

(1 pts) 1
What proportion of the variation in current investment is
explained by college debt? Give your answer to four
decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 0.9851
Instructor feedback: This is the value of R-sq = 0.9851
from the StatCrunch regression output.

A small Internet company wants to determine how the money
they spend on Google Adwords impacts their monthly revenue.
Over 6 consecutive months, they vary the amount they spend on
their Adwords campaign (in $) and record the associated revenue
(in $) for each month. The data is shown below.

(1 pts) 1
Develop a regression equation for predicting monthly
revenue based on the amount spent with Adwords. What
is the y-intercept? Give your answer to two decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 522.142857
Instructor feedback: From the StatCrunch regression
output, the y-intercept is 522.142857.

(1 pts) 1
What is the proper interpretation of the y-intercept in the
regression equations?
The y-intercept describes the expected increase in
revenue for each additional dollar spent on Adwords.
The y-intercept describes the expected decrease in
revenue for each additional dollar spent on Adwords.
The y-intercept describes the expected revenue if the
company spends $25 in a given month on Adwords.
The y-intercept describes the expected revenue if the
company does not spend any money in a given month on
Adwords.
(1 pts) 1
What is the sample correlation between these two
variables? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: -0.187115
Instructor feedback: The sample correlation coefficient
can be found in the regression output to be -0.187115.

(1 pts) 1
What is the slope of your regression equation? Give your
Response:
Correct: -0.325714
Instructor feedback: From the StatCrunch regression
output, the slope is -0.325714.

(1 pts) 1
Using a 0.1 level of significance, does this regression
equation appear to have any value for predicting revenue
based on Adwords expenditures?
No because there is a significant linear relationship
between the two quantities.
No because there is not a significant linear relationship
Yes because there is not a significant linear relationship
Yes because there is a significant linear relationship
Instructor feedback: The P-value for the test of
significance is 0.7226 in this case. If the P-value is less
than 0.1, then we conclude there is a significant linear
relationship.

An exercise science major wants to try to use body weight to
predict how much someone can bench press. He collects the data
shown below on 30 male students. Both quantities are measured
in pounds.

(1 pts) 1
What type of association does there appear to be between
these two variables?
no association
positive association
negative association
can not be determined
Instructor feedback: Use a scatter plot to see the
upward trend relating these two variables.

(1 pts) 1
Compute a 95% confidence interval for the average
bench press of 150 pound males. What is the lower limit?
Give your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 135.271135
Instructor feedback: When doing the regression, click
Next after selecting the appropriate columns, select the
"Predict Y for X=" box and enter 150 as the value.

(1 pts) 1
Compute a 95% confidence interval for the average
bench press of 150 pound males. What is the upper limit?
Give your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 143.28625

(1 pts) 1
Compute a 95% prediction interval for the bench press of
a 150 pound male. What is the lower limit? Give your
Response:
Correct: 119.764545

(1 pts) 1
Compute a 95% prediction interval for the bench press of
a 150 pound male. What is the upper limit? Give your
Response:
Correct: 158.792841

A used car dealer wants to develop a regression equation that
determines mileage as a function of the age of a car in years. He
collects the data shown below for the 12 cars he has on his lot.

(1 pts) 1
What is the slope of the regression equation? Give your
Response:
Correct: 8874.2625
Instructor feedback: See the StatCrunch regression
output.

(1 pts) 1
What is the value of the correlation coefficient? Give
Response:
Correct: 0.977722
output.

(1 pts) 1
A 4 year old car is delivered to his lot with 160000 miles.
Manually enter these values in the data table above and
rerun the regression analysis. What is the value of the
slope? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Response:
Correct: 2820.242629
output.

(1 pts) 1
Including the additional car, what is the value of the
correlation coefficient? Give your answer to two decimal
places.
Response:
Correct: 0.325442
output.

(1 pts) 1
Did the additional car strengthen or weaken the linear
relationship between age and mileage?
It strengthened the linear relationship.
It weakened the linear relationship.
Can not be determined.
Instructor feedback: The correlation coefficient
dropped a great deal.

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Hw 1

Due: Monday, Sep 12, 2011 8:00 am CST

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