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Philippine Law Encyclopedia First Release 2014 1

September 29, 2001
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9160
AN ACT DEFINING THE CRIME OF MONEY LAUNDERING, PROVIDING
PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
SECTION 1. Short Title. This Act shall be known as the "Anti-Money
Laundering Act of 2001." IASEca
SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. It is hereby declared the policy of
the State to protect and preserve the integrity and confidentiality of bank accounts and
to ensure that the Philippines shall not be used as a money laundering site for the
proceeds of any unlawful activity. Consistent with its foreign policy, the State shall
extend cooperation in transnational investigations and prosecutions of persons
involved in money laundering activities wherever committed.
SECTION 3. Definitions. For purposes of this Act, the following
terms are hereby defined as follows:
(a) "Covered institution" refers to:
(1) banks, non-banks, quasi-banks, trust entities, and all other
institutions and their subsidiaries and affiliates supervised
or regulated by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP);
(2) insurance companies and all other institutions supervised or
regulated by the Insurance Commission; and
(3) (i) securities dealers, brokers, salesmen, investment houses
and other similar entities managing securities or rendering
services as investment agent, advisor, or consultant, (ii)
mutual funds, closed-end investment companies, common
trust funds, pre-need companies and other similar entities,
(iii) foreign exchange corporations, money changers, money
payment, remittance, and transfer companies and other
similar entities, and (iv) other entities administering or
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otherwise dealing in currency, commodities or financial
derivatives based thereon, valuable objects, cash substitutes
and other similar monetary instruments or property
supervised or regulated by Securities and Exchange
Commission.
(b)(1) "Covered transaction" is a single, series, or combination of
transactions involving a total amount in excess of Four million
Philippine pesos (Php4,000,000.00) or an equivalent amount in
foreign currency based on the prevailing exchange rate within five
(5) consecutive banking days except those between a covered
institution and a person who, at the time of the transaction was a
properly identified client and the amount is commensurate with the
business or financial capacity of the client; or those with an
underlying legal or trade obligation, purpose, origin or economic
justification.
It likewise refers to a single, series or combination or pattern of
unusually large and complex transactions in excess of Four million
Philippine pesos (Php4,000,000.00) especially cash deposits and
investments having no credible purpose or origin, underlying trade
obligation or contract.
(c) "Monetary instrument" refers to:
(1) coins or currency of legal tender of the Philippines, or of
any other country;
(2) drafts, checks and notes;
(3) securities or negotiable instruments, bonds, commercial
papers, deposit certificates, trust certificates, custodial
receipts or deposit substitute instruments, trading orders,
transaction tickets and confirmations of sale or investments
and money market instruments; and
(4) other similar instruments where title thereto passes to
another by endorsement, assignment or delivery.
(d) "Offender" refers to any person who commits a money laundering
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offense.
(e) "Person" refers to any natural or juridical person.
(f) "Proceeds" refers to an amount derived or realized from an
unlawful activity.
(g) "Supervising Authority" refers to the appropriate supervisory or
regulatory agency, department or office supervising or regulating
the covered institutions enumerated in Section 3(a).
(h) "Transaction" refers to any act establishing any right or obligation
or giving rise to any contractual or legal relationship between the
parties thereto. It also includes any movement of funds by any
means with a covered institution.
(i) "Unlawful activity" refers to any act or omission or series or
combination thereof involving or having relation to the following:
(1) Kidnapping for ransom under Article 267 of Act No. 3815,
otherwise known as the Revised Penal Code, as amended;
(2) Sections 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 of Article Two of Republic Act
No. 6425, as amended, otherwise known as the Dangerous
Drugs Act of 1972;
(3) Section 3 paragraphs B, C, E, G, H and I of Republic Act
No. 3019, as amended; otherwise known as the Anti-Graft
and Corrupt Practices Act;
(4) Plunder under Republic Act No. 7080, as amended;
(5) Robbery and extortion under Articles 294, 295, 296, 299,
300, 301 and 302 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended;
(6) J ueteng and Masiao punished as illegal gambling under
Presidential Decree No. 1602;
(7) Piracy on the high seas under the Revised Penal Code, as
amended and Presidential Decree No. 532;
(8) Qualified theft under Article 310 of the Revised Penal
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Code, as amended;
(9) Swindling under Article 315 of the Revised Penal Code, as
amended;
(10) Smuggling under Republic Act Nos. 455 and 1937;
(11) Violations under Republic Act No. 8792, otherwise known
as the Electronic Commerce Act of 2000;
(12) Hijacking and other violations under Republic Act No.
6235; destructive arson and murder, as defined under the
Revised Penal Code, as amended, including those
perpetrated by terrorists against non-combatant persons and
similar targets;
(13) Fraudulent practices and other violations under Republic
Act No. 8799, otherwise known as the Securities Regulation
Code of 2000;
(14) Felonies or offenses of a similar nature that are punishable
under the penal laws of other countries.
SECTION 4(2). Money Laundering Offense. Money laundering is a
crime whereby the proceeds of an unlawful activity are transacted, thereby making
them appear to have originated from legitimate sources. It is committed by the
following:
(a) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property
represents, involves, or relates to, the proceeds of any unlawful
activity, transacts or attempts to transact said monetary instrument
or property.
(b) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property
involves the proceeds of any unlawful activity, performs or fails to
perform any act as a result of which he facilitates the offense of
money laundering referred to in paragraph (a) above.
(c) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property is
required under this Act to be disclosed and filed with the
Anti-Money Laundering Council (AMLC), fails to do so.
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SECTION 5. Jurisdiction of Money Laundering Cases. The regional
trial courts shall have jurisdiction to try all cases on money laundering. Those
committed by public officers and private persons who are in conspiracy with such
public officers shall be under the jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan.
SECTION 6. Prosecution of Money Laundering.
(a) Any person may be charged with and convicted of both the offense
of money laundering and the unlawful activity as herein defined.
(b) Any proceeding relating to the unlawful activity shall be given
precedence over the prosecution of any offense or violation under
this Act without prejudice to the freezing and other remedies
provided.
SECTION 7(3). Creation of Anti-Money Laundering Council (AMLC).
The Anti-Money Laundering Council is hereby created and shall be composed of the
Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas as chairman, the Commissioner of the
Insurance Commission and the Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission
as members. The AMLC shall act unanimously in the discharge of its functions as
defined hereunder:
(1) to require and receive covered transaction reports from covered
institutions;
(2) to issue orders addressed to the appropriate Supervising Authority
or the covered institution to determine the true identity of the
owner of any monetary instrument or property subject of a covered
transaction report or request for assistance from a foreign State, or
believed by the Council, on the basis of substantial evidence, to be,
in whole or in part, wherever located, representing, involving, or
related to, directly or indirectly, in any manner or by any means,
the proceeds of an unlawful activity; IDCcEa
(3) to institute civil forfeiture proceedings and all other remedial
proceedings through the Office of the Solicitor General;
(4) to cause the filing of complaints with the Department of J ustice or
the Ombudsman for the prosecution of money laundering offenses;
(5) to initiate investigations of covered transactions, money laundering
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activities and other violations of this Act;
(6) to freeze any monetary instrument or property alleged to be
proceeds of any unlawful activity;
(7) to implement such measures as may be necessary and justified
under this Act to counteract money laundering;
(8) to receive and take action in respect of, any request from foreign
states for assistance in their own anti-money laundering operations
provided in this Act;
(9) to develop educational programs on the pernicious effects of
money laundering, the methods and techniques used in money
laundering, the viable means of preventing money laundering and
the effective ways of prosecuting and punishing offenders; and
(10) to enlist the assistance of any branch, department, bureau, office,
agency or instrumentality of the government, including
government-owned and -controlled corporations, in undertaking
any and all anti-money laundering operations, which may include
the use of its personnel, facilities and resources for the more
resolute prevention, detection and investigation of money
laundering offenses and prosecution of offenders.
SECTION 8. Creation of a Secretariat. The AMLC is hereby
authorized to establish a secretariat to be headed by an Executive Director who shall
be appointed by the Council for a term of five (5) years. He must be a member of the
Philippine Bar, at least thirty-five (35) years of age and of good moral character,
unquestionable integrity and known probity. All members of the Secretariat must
have served for at least five (5) years either in the Insurance Commission, the
Securities and Exchange Commission or the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and
shall hold full-time permanent positions within the BSP.
SECTION 9. Prevention of Money Laundering; Customer Identification
Requirements and Record Keeping. (a) Customer Identification. Covered
institutions shall establish and record the true identity of its clients based on official
documents. They shall maintain a system of verifying the true identity of their clients
and, in case of corporate clients, require a system of verifying their legal existence
and organizational structure, as well as the authority and identification of all persons
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purporting to act on their behalf.
The provisions of existing laws to the contrary notwithstanding, anonymous
accounts, accounts under fictitious names, and all other similar accounts shall be
absolutely prohibited. Peso and foreign currency non-checking numbered accounts
shall be allowed. The BSP may conduct annual testing solely limited to the
determination of the existence and true identity of the owners of such accounts.
(b) Record Keeping. All records of all transactions of covered institutions
shall be maintained and safely stored for five (5) years from the dates of transactions.
With respect to closed accounts, the records on customer identification, account files
and business correspondence, shall be preserved and safely stored for at least five (5)
years from the dates when they were closed.
(c) Reporting of Covered Transactions. Covered institutions shall report
to the AMLC all covered transactions within five (5) working days from occurrence
thereof, unless the Supervising Authority concerned prescribes a longer period not
exceeding ten (10) working days.
When reporting covered transactions to the AMLC, covered institutions and
their officers, employees, representatives, agents, advisors, consultants or associates
shall not be deemed to have violated Republic Act No. 1405, as amended; Republic
Act No. 6426, as amended; Republic Act No. 8791 and other similar laws, but are
prohibited from communicating, directly or indirectly, in any manner or by any
means, to any person the fact that a covered transaction report was made, the contents
thereof, or any other information in relation thereto. In case of violation thereof, the
concerned officer, employee, representative, agent, advisor, consultant or associate of
the covered institution, shall be criminally liable. However, no administrative,
criminal or civil proceedings, shall lie against any person for having made a covered
transaction report in the regular performance of his duties and in good faith, whether
or not such reporting results in any criminal prosecution under this Act or any other
Philippine law.
When reporting covered transactions to the AMLC, covered institutions and
their officers, employees, representatives, agents, advisors, consultants or associates
are prohibited from communicating, directly or indirectly, in any manner or by any
means, to any person, entity, the media, the fact that a covered transaction report was
made, the contents thereof, or any other information in relation thereto. Neither may
such reporting be published or aired in any manner or form by the mass media,
electronic mail, or other similar devices. In case of violation thereof, the concerned
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officer, employee, representative, agent, advisor, consultant or associate of the
covered institution, or media shall be held criminally liable.
SECTION 10(4). Authority to Freeze. Upon determination that probable
cause exists that any deposit or similar account is in any way related to an unlawful
activity, the AMLC may issue a freeze order, which shall be effective immediately,
on the account for a period not exceeding fifteen (15) days. Notice to the depositor
that his account has been frozen shall be issued simultaneously with the issuance of
the freeze order. The depositor shall have seventy-two (72) hours upon receipt of the
notice to explain why the freeze order should be lifted. The AMLC has seventy-two
(72) hours to dispose of the depositor's explanation. If it fails to act within
seventy-two (72) hours from receipt of the depositor's explanation, the freeze order
shall automatically be dissolved. The fifteen (15)-day freeze order of the AMLC may
be extended upon order of the court, provided that the fifteen (15)-day period shall be
tolled pending the court's decision to extend the period.
No court shall issue a temporary restraining order or writ of injunction against
any freeze order issued by the AMLC except the Court of Appeals or the Supreme
Court.
SECTION 11(5). Authority to Inquire into Bank Deposits.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Republic Act No. 1405, as amended; Republic Act
No. 6426, as amended; Republic Act No. 8791, and other laws, the AMLC may
inquire into or examine any particular deposit or investment with any banking
institution or non-bank financial institution upon order of any competent court in
cases of violation of this Act when it has been established that there is probable cause
that the deposits or investments involved are in any way related to a money
laundering offense: Provided, That this provision shall not apply to deposits and
investments made prior to the effectivity of this Act.
SECTION 12. Forfeiture Provisions.
(a) Civil Forfeiture. When there is a covered transaction report
made, and the court has, in a petition filed for the purpose ordered
seizure of any monetary instrument or property, in whole or in
part, directly or indirectly, related to said report, the Revised Rules
of Court on civil forfeiture shall apply.
(b) Claim on Forfeiture Assets. Where the court has issued an order
of forfeiture of the monetary instrument or property in a criminal
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prosecution for any money laundering offense defined under
Section 4 of this Act, the offender or any other person claiming an
interest therein may apply, by verified petition, for a declaration
that the same legitimately belongs to him and for segregation or
exclusion of the monetary instrument or property corresponding
thereto. The verified petition shall be filed with the court which
rendered the judgment of conviction and order of forfeiture, within
fifteen (15) days from the date of the order of forfeiture, in default
of which the said order shall become final and executory. This
provision shall apply in both civil and criminal forfeiture.
(c) Payment in Lieu of Forfeiture. Where the court has issued an
order of forfeiture of the monetary instrument or property subject
of a money laundering offense defined under Section 4, and said
order cannot be enforced because any particular monetary
instrument or property cannot, with due diligence, be located, or it
has been substantially altered, destroyed, diminished in value or
otherwise rendered worthless by any act or omission, directly or
indirectly, attributable to the offender, or it has been concealed,
removed, converted or otherwise transferred to prevent the same
from being found or to avoid forfeiture thereof, or it is located
outside the Philippines or has been placed or brought outside the
jurisdiction of the court, or it has been commingled with other
monetary instruments or property belonging to either the offender
himself or a third person or entity, thereby rendering the same
difficult to identify or be segregated for purposes of forfeiture, the
court may, instead of enforcing the order of forfeiture of the
monetary instrument or property or part thereof or interest therein,
accordingly order the convicted offender to pay an amount equal to
the value of said monetary instrument or property. This provision
shall apply in both civil and criminal forfeiture.
SECTION 13. Mutual Assistance among States.
(a) Request for Assistance from a Foreign State. Where a foreign
State makes a request for assistance in the investigation or
prosecution of a money laundering offense, the AMLC may
execute the request or refuse to execute the same and inform the
foreign State of any valid reason for not executing the request or
for delaying the execution thereof. The principles of mutuality and
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reciprocity shall, for this purpose, be at all times recognized.
(b) Powers of the AMLC to Act on a Request for Assistance from a
Foreign State. The AMLC may execute a request for assistance
from a foreign State by: (1) tracking down, freezing, restraining
and seizing assets alleged to be proceeds of any unlawful activity
under the procedures laid down in this Act; (2) giving information
needed by the foreign State within the procedures laid down in this
Act; and (3) applying for an order of forfeiture of any monetary
instrument or property in the court: Provided, That the court shall
not issue such an order unless the application is accompanied by
an authenticated copy of the order of a court in the requesting State
ordering the forfeiture of said monetary instrument or property of a
person who has been convicted of a money laundering offense in
the requesting State, and a certification or an affidavit of a
competent officer of the requesting State stating that the conviction
and the order of forfeiture are final and that no further appeal lies
in respect of either. AEDISC
(c) Obtaining Assistance from Foreign States. The AMLC may
make a request to any foreign State for assistance in (1) tracking
down, freezing, restraining and seizing assets alleged to be
proceeds of any unlawful activity; (2) obtaining information that it
needs relating to any covered transaction, money laundering
offense or any other matter directly or indirectly related thereto;
(3) to the extent allowed by the law of the foreign State, applying
with the proper court therein for an order to enter any premises
belonging to or in the possession or control of, any or all of the
persons named in said request, and/or search any or all such
persons named therein and/or remove any document, material or
object named in said request: Provided, That the documents
accompanying the request in support of the application have been
duly authenticated in accordance with the applicable law or
regulation of the foreign State; and (4) applying for an order of
forfeiture of any monetary instrument or property in the proper
court in the foreign State: Provided, That the request is
accompanied by an authenticated copy of the order of the regional
trial court ordering the forfeiture of said monetary instrument or
property of a convicted offender and an affidavit of the clerk of
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court stating that the conviction and the order of forfeiture are final
and that no further appeal lies in respect of either.
(d) Limitations on Request for Mutual Assistance. The AMLC may
refuse to comply with any request for assistance where the action
sought by the request contravenes any provision of the
Constitution or the execution of a request is likely to prejudice the
national interest of the Philippines unless there is a treaty between
the Philippines and the requesting State relating to the provision of
assistance in relation to money laundering offenses.
(e) Requirements for Requests for Mutual Assistance from Foreign
States. A request for mutual assistance from a foreign State
must (1) confirm that an investigation or prosecution is being
conducted in respect of a money launderer named therein or that
he has been convicted of any money laundering offense; (2) state
the grounds on which any person is being investigated or
prosecuted for money laundering or the details of his conviction;
(3) give sufficient particulars as to the identity of said person; (4)
give particulars sufficient to identify any covered institution
believed to have any information, document, material or object
which may be of assistance to the investigation or prosecution; (5)
ask from the covered institution concerned any information,
document, material or object which may be of assistance to the
investigation or prosecution; (6) specify the manner in which and
to whom said information, document, material or object obtained
pursuant to said request, is to be produced; (7) give all the
particulars necessary for the issuance by the court in the requested
State of the writs, orders or processes needed by the requesting
State; and (8) contain such other information as may assist in the
execution of the request.
(f) Authentication of Documents. For purposes of this Section, a
document is authenticated if the same is signed or certified by a
judge, magistrate or equivalent officer in or of, the requesting
State, and authenticated by the oath or affirmation of a witness or
sealed with an official or public seal of a minister, secretary of
State, or officer in or of, the government of the requesting State, or
of the person administering the government or a department of the
requesting territory, protectorate or colony. The certificate of
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authentication may also be made by a secretary of the embassy or
legation, consul general, consul, vice consul, consular agent or any
officer in the foreign service of the Philippines stationed in the
foreign State in which the record is kept, and authenticated by the
seal of his office.
(g) Extradition. The Philippines shall negotiate for the inclusion of
money laundering offenses as herein defined among extraditable
offenses in all future treaties.
SECTION 14. Penal Provisions. (a) Penalties for the Crime of Money
Laundering. The penalty of imprisonment ranging from seven (7) to fourteen (14)
years and a fine of not less than Three million Philippine pesos (Php3,000,000.00) but
not more than twice the value of the monetary instrument or property involved in the
offense, shall be imposed upon a person convicted under Section 4(a) of this Act.
The penalty of imprisonment from four (4) to seven (7) years and a fine of not
less than One million five hundred thousand Philippine pesos (Php1,500,000.00) but
not more than Three million Philippine pesos (Php3,000,000.00), shall be imposed
upon a person convicted under Section 4(b) of this Act.
The penalty of imprisonment from six (6) months to four (4) years or a fine of
not less than One hundred thousand Philippine pesos (Php100,000.00) but not more
than Five hundred thousand Philippine pesos (Php500,000.00), or both, shall be
imposed on a person convicted under Section 4(c) of this Act.
(b) Penalties for Failure to Keep Records. The penalty of imprisonment from
six (6) months to one (1) year or a fine of not less than One hundred thousand
Philippine pesos (Php100,000.00) but not more than Five hundred thousand
Philippine pesos (Php500,000.00), or both, shall be imposed on a person convicted
under Section 9(b) of this Act.
(c)(6) Malicious Reporting. Any person who, with malice, or in bad faith,
report or files a completely unwarranted or false information relative to money
laundering transaction against any person shall be subject to a penalty of six (6)
months to four (4) years imprisonment and a fine of not less than One hundred
thousand Philippine pesos (Php100,000.00) but not more than Five hundred thousand
Philippine pesos (Php500,000.00), at the discretion of the court: Provided, That the
offender is not entitled to avail the benefits of the Probation Law.
If the offender is a corporation, association, partnership or any juridical person,
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the penalty shall be imposed upon the responsible officers, as the case may be, who
participated in the commission of the crime or who shall have knowingly permitted or
failed to prevent its commission. If the offender is a juridical person, the court may
suspend or revoke its license. If the offender is an alien, he shall, in addition to the
penalties herein prescribed, be deported without further proceedings after serving the
penalties herein prescribed. If the offender is a public official or employee, he shall,
in addition to the penalties prescribed herein, suffer perpetual or temporary absolute
disqualification from office, as the case may be.
Any public official or employee who is called upon to testify and refuses to do
the same or purposely fails to testify shall suffer the same penalties prescribed herein.
(d)(7) Breach of Confidentiality. The punishment of imprisonment
ranging from three (3) to eight (8) years and a fine of not less than Five hundred
thousand Philippine pesos (Php500,000.00) but not more than One million Philippine
pesos (Php1,000,000.00), shall be imposed on a person convicted for a violation
under Section 9(c).
SECTION 15(8). System of Incentives and Rewards. A system of special
incentives and rewards is hereby established to be given to the appropriate
government agency and its personnel that led and initiated an investigation,
prosecution and conviction of persons involved in the offense penalized in Section 4
of this Act.
SECTION 16. Prohibitions Against Political Harassment. This Act
shall not be used for political persecution or harassment or as an instrument to hamper
competition in trade and commerce.
No case for money laundering may be filed against and no assets shall be
frozen, attached or forfeited to the prejudice of a candidate for an electoral office
during an election period.
SECTION 17. Restitution. Restitution for any aggrieved party shall be
governed by the provisions of the New Civil Code.
SECTION 18. Implementing Rules and Regulations. Within thirty (30)
days from the effectivity of this Act, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the Insurance
Commission and the Securities and Exchange Commission shall promulgate the rules
and regulations to implement effectively the provisions of this Act. Said rules and
regulations shall be submitted to the Congressional Oversight Committee for
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approval.
Covered institutions shall formulate their respective money laundering
prevention programs in accordance with this Act including, but not limited to,
information dissemination on money laundering activities and its prevention,
detection and reporting, and the training of responsible officers and personnel of
covered institutions.
SECTION 19. Congressional Oversight Committee. There is hereby
created a Congressional Oversight Committee composed of seven (7) members from
the Senate and seven (7) members from the House of Representatives. The members
from the Senate shall be appointed by the Senate President based on the proportional
representation of the parties or coalitions therein with at least two (2) Senators
representing the minority. The members from the House of Representatives shall be
appointed by the Speaker also based on proportional representation of the parties or
coalitions therein with at least two (2) members representing the minority.
The Oversight Committee shall have the power to promulgate its own rules, to
oversee the implementation of this Act, and to review or revise the implementing
rules issued by the Anti-Money Laundering Council within thirty (30) days from the
promulgation of the said rules.
SECTION 20. Appropriations Clause. The AMLC shall be provided
with an initial appropriation of Twenty-five million Philippine pesos
(Php25,000,000.00) to be drawn from the national government. Appropriations for
the succeeding years shall be included in the General Appropriations Act.
SECTION 21. Separability Clause. If any provision or section of this
Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the
other provisions or sections of this Act, and the application of such provision or
section to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. HTCISE
SECTION 22. Repealing Clause. All laws, decrees, executive orders,
rules and regulations or parts thereof, including the relevant provisions of Republic
Act No. 1405, as amended; Republic Act No. 6426, as amended; Republic Act No.
8791, as amended and other similar laws, as are inconsistent with this Act, are hereby
repealed, amended or modified accordingly.
SECTION 23(9). Effectivity. This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days
after its complete publication in the Official Gazette or in at least two (2) national
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newspapers of general circulation.
The provisions of this Act shall not apply to deposits and investments made
prior to its effectivity.
Approved: September 29, 2001
Published in the Philippine Star and Manila Times on October 2, 2001. Also
published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 97 No. 48, page 7001 on November 26, 2001
and in Vol. 98 No. 46, page 6654 on November 18, 2002.
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Endnotes
1 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 1 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003);
Inserted a new paragraph b-1 by Sec. 2 of R.A. No. 9194.
2 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 4 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
3 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 5 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
4 (Popup - Popup)
As amended by Sec. 7 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
5 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 8 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
6 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 9 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
7 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 9 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
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8 (Popup - Popup)
Deleted by Sec. 10 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).
9 (Popup - Popup)
Amended by Sec. 11 of R.A. No. 9194 (03-07-2003).