Elastomer Material

Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 1 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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1 11 1 Scope: Scope: Scope: Scope: These guidelines are intended to assist engineers in the selection of seal materials. Seal
material selection follows the selection of the seal type. The selection of seal type is related to
the equipment application, the selection of seal material is related to the temperature and
chemical environment.
2 22 2 Selection Guidelines: Selection Guidelines: Selection Guidelines: Selection Guidelines: Selection guidelines in tabular form are presented at the end of this
document and cover the selection of elastomers for long term permanent tools designed for long term permanent tools designed for long term permanent tools designed for long term permanent tools designed for
many years of many years of many years of many years of life and short term applications on service tools designed for applications no life and short term applications on service tools designed for applications no life and short term applications on service tools designed for applications no life and short term applications on service tools designed for applications no
longer than longer than longer than longer than 60 60 60 60 days days days days. . . . A separate table is attached for packer element elastomers because these
are large bulky components that are affected differently.
For those that prefer a question/answer checklist selection scheme is available in section 6.
3 33 3 Summary of the selection process: Summary of the selection process: Summary of the selection process: Summary of the selection process:
STEP 1: Define the service conditions
STEP 2: Application defines seal geometry
STEP 3: Temperature, chemistry & time defines material
In using this approach, the compromise between mechanical properties and chemical resistance
should always be remembered. Nitrile and hydrogenated nitrile compounds have better
mechanical properties below 150C than fluoroelastomers. Improvement in chemical resistance is
inevitably made at the expense of mechanical properties. Select for the mechanical application
first then the chemical environment
The selection process is designed to take account two major causes of elastomer seal failure -
chemical degradation and extrusion.
4 44 4 Definition of conditions: Definition of conditions: Definition of conditions: Definition of conditions:
The conditions under which the seal will operate must be defined as accurately as possible. All
eventualities and possibilities should be taken into account to ensure optimal materials selection.
At the earliest opportunity, the user should try to define the following information:

CONDI TI ONS TO DEFI NE CONDI TI ONS TO DEFI NE CONDI TI ONS TO DEFI NE CONDI TI ONS TO DEFI NE BEFORE SEAL SELECTI O BEFORE SEAL SELECTI O BEFORE SEAL SELECTI O BEFORE SEAL SELECTI ON N N N
Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature Normal
Maximum and minimum extremes
Frequency and rate of cycling
Seal working pressure Seal working pressure Seal working pressure Seal working pressure Normal
Maximum and minimum extremes
Frequency and rate of cycling


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 2 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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Fluid environment Fluid environment Fluid environment Fluid environment Produced fluids Water? Oil? Gas? H
2
S? CO
2
?
Condensate
Corrosion inhibitors
Scale inhibitors
Methanol
Completion Fluids
Acids
Control fluids
Other chemicals that the seal will be exposed to
Seal move Seal move Seal move Seal movement ment ment ment Rotational or Reciprocating, Rate, Frequency, etc
Lifetime required Lifetime required Lifetime required Lifetime required For example,
TCP several weeks
Workover - < 100 hours
Completion seals - > 1 year
In many sealing applications, there may be a choice between elastomer, plastic and metal seal
options. The basic service definition can be used to select the most appropriate seal material.
5 55 5 Selection of material family Selection of material family Selection of material family Selection of material family
The selection of material family is based on resistance to heat and to chemical environment.
In general, material family selection should be made by assessing the effects of individual
environmental components on elastomers. Final selection will come down to the material with the
best performance across the range of media to be encountered.
The general heat and oil resistance of the more common seal materials is shown in the attached
tables. This is a suitable starting point for selection of oilfield elastomers. The data for heat
resistance are based on prolonged service in the absence of environmental effects. The
environment, application and the seal type will affect the final rating.
In oil-production applications, NBR, nitrile is the starting standard choice for sweet conditions, up
to approximately 135C (275F). HNBR, hydrogenated nitrile increases this limit to a maximum of
165C (330F). NBR and HNBR are also first choice in many arctic service applications because
compounds are available for low temperature service. These are the toughest elastomers
available up to the temperatures shown. In sour conditions and at higher temperatures FKM
(Viton/Fluorel) fluoroelastomers can be selected for long duration service if the environment does
not contain other factors that preclude Viton. FEPM (Aflas) material is selected if amine corrosion
inhibitors or other factors are present at elevated temperature and if the low temperature


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 3 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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requirements are not too severe. Chemraz and Kalrez FFKMs are used in hot or chemically very
aggressive environments. Materials selection must take into account the requirements for low
temperature sealing, and resistance to extrusion and explosive decompression.
It should also be noted that seal size has an effect on the way in which a material may be used.
Small cross-section seals are normally more sensitive to chemical attack and high temperatures
than larger cross-section packers.

GENERAL OILFIELD MAT GENERAL OILFIELD MAT GENERAL OILFIELD MAT GENERAL OILFIELD MATERIALS SELECTION ERIALS SELECTION ERIALS SELECTION ERIALS SELECTION
Comments Comments Comments Comments
Low temperature Low temperature Low temperature Low temperature Select according to glass transition temperature T
g

High temperature High temperature High temperature High temperature Temperature capabilities: FFKM > FEPM , FKM >HNBR> NBR
Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Typically increase hardness with pressure
Crude Crude Crude Crude Effect: EPDM > NBR >HNBR>FEPM >FKM > FFKM
Aromatic solvents Aromatic solvents Aromatic solvents Aromatic solvents Effect: NBR>HNBR > FEPM > FKM > FFKM
Natural gas Natural gas Natural gas Natural gas Effect: EPDM > NBR >HNBR >FKM > FEPM > FFKM
Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide No chemical effect but may cause ED problems above SSV
Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen sulfide Effect: NBR >HNBR > FKM , FEPM > FFKM
Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion inhibitors Corrosion inhibitors Non-amine inhibitors have little effect
Effect of amines: FKM >NBR >HNBR > FEPM, FFKM
Scale inhibitors Scale inhibitors Scale inhibitors Scale inhibitors Little effect in low concentrations unless amine containing
Bri Bri Bri Brines nes nes nes Low density chlorides OK
Zinc bromides: affect NBR and HNBR
Alkaline brines: affect FKM
Formate brines: affect FKM, NBR and HNBR
Acids Acids Acids Acids NBR/HNBR/FKM OK for < 72 hrs.
FEPM/FFKM OK
Hydraulic fluids Hydraulic fluids Hydraulic fluids Hydraulic fluids Water Glycol: No FKM. FEPM,HNBR,FFKM OK
Mineral oil: FEPM, HNBR, NBR, FKM, FFKM OK
Phosphate esters: Affect NBR. Fluoroelastomers OK
Alcohols Alcohols Alcohols Alcohols Methanol: swells FKM if unconfined
Ethanol/glycol: less aggressive
Produced & treated water Produced & treated water Produced & treated water Produced & treated water FKM can hydrolyze at high temperature >150C
Oxygen scavengers have little effect in low concentrations


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 4 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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6 66 6 Selection checklists Selection checklists Selection checklists Selection checklists
As mentioned above, in oilfield applications the general materials selection process consists of
considering firstly the use of NBR, and then considering HNBR hydrogenated nitrile, FKM
(Viton/Fluorel), FEPM (Aflas) and FFKM as subsequent options should NBR prove unsuitable.
On the following pages, there are two materials selection checklists that have been compiled as
an aid to materials selection for the non-materials expert. The checklists effectively summarize
the more detailed descriptions of behavior found elsewhere in this section.
Each checklist consists of a series of statements for each material. These statements describe
certain limitations of the materials, which disqualify it from use in a given circumstance. If any of
the statements is applicable in a certain application, that material should not be used and the next
upgrade needs to be considered in a similar fashion. The statements are constructed to be
slightly conservative in the selections they give.
The general oilfield selection checklist is designed for selecting O-ring, T-seal and V-stack
elastomer materials for long term downhole applications. The second checklist has been
designed for the more specialized and more closely defined application of downhole packers.
NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE
In these checklists: NBR is nitrile; HNBR is hydrogenated nitrile; FKM is Viton or Fluorel
fluoroelastomers; FEPM is Aflas; and FFKM is either Chemraz or Kalrez or equivalent.
CHECKLIST CHECKLIST CHECKLIST CHECKLIST FOR FOR FOR FOR LONG LONG LONG LONG- -- -TERM, S TERM, S TERM, S TERM, SMALL CROSS SECTION MALL CROSS SECTION MALL CROSS SECTION MALL CROSS SECTION GENERAL OILFIELD MATERIAL SELECTION GENERAL OILFIELD MATERIAL SELECTION GENERAL OILFIELD MATERIAL SELECTION GENERAL OILFIELD MATERIAL SELECTION

T > 135C (275F) or T < -20C (-5F)? YES NO
H
2
S > 10 ppm? YES NO
Amines at > 120C (250F)? YES NO
Zinc bromide? YES NO
High aromatics at > 200F? YES NO
Acids at > 275F? YES NO
Halogenated hydrocarbons? YES NO
Phosphate esters? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select NBR Nitrile Select NBR Nitrile Select NBR Nitrile Select NBR Nitrile

T > 163C (325F) or T < 5C (40F)? YES NO
H
2
S > 1000 ppm? YES NO


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 5 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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Brines pH > 10.5 ? YES NO
Amines at > 163C (330F)? YES NO
Zinc bromides? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile

T > 400F or T < -10C (10F)? YES NO
Amines at > 90C (200F)? YES NO
Acids exposure > 72 hrs? YES NO
Brines pH > 10? YES NO
Water glycol control fluid YES NO
Methanol? YES NO
Steam/water at > 150C (300F)? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select FKM "Viton/Fluorel" fluoroelastomer Select FKM "Viton/Fluorel" fluoroelastomer Select FKM "Viton/Fluorel" fluoroelastomer Select FKM "Viton/Fluorel" fluoroelastomer

T > 450F YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select Select Select Select FEPM FEPM FEPM FEPM Aflas Aflas Aflas Aflas

T > 450F YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES Select FFKM Chemraz Select FFKM Chemraz Select FFKM Chemraz Select FFKM Chemraz, Kalrez , Kalrez , Kalrez , Kalrez

Any selection that is unclear indicates that it should be reviewed with materials engineering. Seal design
may also affect temperature ratings. Pressure ratings will also affect temperature ratings. Remember that
within any family there will be a variation in performance between grades - any one grade may not have
the complete capability of the class as a whole. Further details should be sought for grade selection.
CHECKLIST FOR DOWNHOLE CHECKLIST FOR DOWNHOLE CHECKLIST FOR DOWNHOLE CHECKLIST FOR DOWNHOLE LONG T LONG T LONG T LONG TERM ERM ERM ERM PACKER PACKER PACKER PACKER ELEMENT ELEMENT ELEMENT ELEMENT MATERIAL SELECTION MATERIAL SELECTION MATERIAL SELECTION MATERIAL SELECTION

T > 130C (275F) or T < 5C (40F)? YES NO
H
2
S > 100 ppm? YES NO
Brines pH > 10.5? YES NO


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 6 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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Amines at > 120C (250F)? YES NO
Zinc bromides? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select NBR Nitr Select NBR Nitr Select NBR Nitr Select NBR Nitrile ile ile ile

T > 163C (325F) or T < 5C (40F)? YES NO
H
2
S > 1000 ppm? YES NO
Brines pH > 10.5? YES NO
Amines at > 163C (325F)? YES NO
Zinc bromides? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option Go on to consider next option All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile Select HNBR Hydrogenated Nitrile

T > 230C (450F) or T < 66C (150F)? YES NO

Any YES Any YES Any YES Any YES - -- - Special application. Contact Materials Special application. Contact Materials Special application. Contact Materials Special application. Contact Materials
Engineering Engineering Engineering Engineering
All NO All NO All NO All NO - -- - Select Select Select Select FEPM FEPM FEPM FEPM Aflas Aflas Aflas Aflas

Remember that within any family there will be a variation in performance between grades - any one
grade may not have the complete capability of the class as a whole. Further details should be sought
for grade selection.
7 Documentation and Retention: Documentation and Retention: Documentation and Retention: Documentation and Retention:
This procedure shall be reviewed for its continuing use, five years (minimum) from the date
of release.
8 Required Approvals: MatEng (PDMS Project)
Author Revised By- Charles Edwards Des. Eng. Enter Name: Alice Van Dyke
Approved by: MatEng PDMS Project (GeMS)




Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 7 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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Environment: Environment: Environment: Environment:
Neoprene Neoprene Neoprene Neoprene

fiber reinforced fiber reinforced fiber reinforced fiber reinforced
Nitrile Nitrile Nitrile Nitrile HNBR HNBR HNBR HNBR Viton Viton Viton Viton

Aflas Aflas Aflas Aflas

Chemraz Chemraz Chemraz Chemraz

Kalrez Kalrez Kalrez Kalrez

Maximum recommended temperature Maximum recommended temperature Maximum recommended temperature Maximum recommended temperature 275F 275F 325F 400F 450F 550F 550F
Minimum recommended temperature Minimum recommended temperature Minimum recommended temperature Minimum recommended temperature 75F minus 40F minus 40F 40F 75F 40F 75F
Crude oil OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Natural gas w/ condensate OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Formation or injected water OK OK OK OK Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
H
2
S NO NO NO NO Up to 10 ppm Up to 10 ppm Up to 10 ppm Up to 10 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 375F Up to 375F Up to 375F Up to 375F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
CO
2
Gas OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Water based mud Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Oil based mud OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Ester containing mud NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Diesel OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Brine completion fluid, pH <10.5 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Brine completion fluid, pH >10.5 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Sea water OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
CalciumBromide OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Zinc bromide NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Amine based inhibitors NO NO NO NO Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydraulic oil, mineral oil OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydraulic oil, approved synthetic OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Water glycol hydraulic fluid, pH <9 Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Water glycol hydraulic fluid, pH >9 NO NO NO NO Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydrocarbon solvents,aliphatic eg Hexane,
Kerosene
NO NO NO NO Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydrocarbon solvents, aromatic eg
Xylene,Toluene
NO NO NO NO Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydrocarbon solvents, cholorinated NO NO NO NO Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Hydrocarbon solvents, oxygenated Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Methanol, dry Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
HCl acid Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 400F Up to 400F Up to 400F Up to 400F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
HF/HCl NO NO NO NO Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 400F Up to 400F Up to 400F Up to 400F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Acetic acid NO NO NO NO Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 200F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 325F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F Up to 300F OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Steam NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Recommended temperatures under the BEST BEST BEST BEST conditions based on in-house tests and qualified compounds .
There are case by case exceptions because of mixed environments and because of time of exposure.
Environments vary and chemicals or fluids such as inhibitors vary.
There are exceptions to most categories. Consult materials engineering for clarification.
Use this table for seals with smaller cross sections including packing in stacks intended for long term service long term service long term service long term service in completion equipment.
Yellow shading indicates caution that may be due to a temperature limitation or
perhaps a mechanical limit, for example due to resistance to decompression damage.
Elastomer families - Qualified compounds only Elastomer families - Qualified compounds only Elastomer families - Qualified compounds only Elastomer families - Qualified compounds only
* ** *
LONG-TERM APPLICATIONS LONG-TERM APPLICATIONS LONG-TERM APPLICATIONS LONG-TERM APPLICATIONS
* ** *
No one compound covers the entire temperature range shown for the family ! No one compound covers the entire temperature range shown for the family ! No one compound covers the entire temperature range shown for the family ! No one compound covers the entire temperature range shown for the family !


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 8 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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E n v i r o n me n t : E n v i r o n me n t : E n v i r o n me n t : E n v i r o n me n t : Ni t ri l e Ni t ri l e Ni t ri l e Ni t ri l e H NB R H NB R H NB R H NB R V i t o n V i t o n V i t o n V i t o n A f l a s A f l a s A f l a s A f l a s
C h e mra z C h e mra z C h e mra z C h e mra z
K a l re z K a l re z K a l re z K a l re z
Ma xim u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Ma xim u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Ma xim u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Ma xim u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * 3 0 0 F 3 5 0F 4 5 0 F 4 5 0 F 5 5 0 F
Min im u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Min im u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Min im u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * Min im u m r e c o m m e n d e d t e m p e r a t u r e * min u s 4 0 F min u s 4 0F 4 0F 7 5 F 4 0 F
Cru d e o il O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Na tu ra l g a s w/ c o n d e n s a te O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
F o rma tio n o r in je c te d wa te r U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F
3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x .
p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 ,
n o a mi n e n o a mi n e n o a mi n e n o a mi n e
O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
H
2
S U p t o 1 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 0 p p m U p t o 1 0 0 0 p p m O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
CO
2
Ga s O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Wa te r b a s e d mu d U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 0 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F
3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x . 3 75 F M a x .
p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 , p H < 1 0 ,
n o a mi n e n o a mi n e n o a mi n e n o a mi n e
O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Oil b a se d mu d O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
E ste r c o n ta in in g mu d NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Die s e l O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Brin e c o mp le tio n flu id , p H < 10 O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Brin e c o mp le tio n flu id , p H > 10 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Se a wa te r O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Ca lc iu m Bro mid e O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Z in c b ro mid e NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Amin e b a s e d in h ib ito rs U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 2 00 F U p t o 2 00 F U p t o 2 00 F U p t o 2 00 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ra u lic o il, min e ra l o il O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ra u lic o il, a p p ro v e d s yn th e tic O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Wa te r g ly c o l h y d ra u lic flu id , p H < 9 U p t o 2 0 0 F U p t o 2 0 0 F U p t o 2 0 0 F U p t o 2 0 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F NO NO NO NO O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Wa te r g ly c o l h y d ra u lic flu id , p H > 9 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ro c a rb o n so lv e n ts,a lip h a tic e g
He x a n e , Ke ro s e n e
U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ro c a rb o n so lv e n ts, a ro ma tic e g
Xyle n e ,T o lu e n e
U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 2 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ro c a rb o n so lv e n ts, c h o lo rin a te d O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Hy d ro c a rb o n so lv e n ts, o x y g e n a te d U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Me th a n o l, d ry U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
HCl a c id U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F O K O K O K O K
HF /HCl U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F U p t o 4 0 0F O K O K O K O K
Ac e tic a c id U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 2 7 5 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 5 0 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F U p t o 3 50 F O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Ste a m NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO O K O K O K O K O K O K O K O K
Recommended temperatures under the BEST BEST BEST BEST condi ti ons based on tested and qual i fi ed com pounds onl y
There are case by case excepti ons because of mi xed envi ronments and because of ti m e of exposure.
Thi s tabl e i s for s hor t - t er m ex pos ur e s hor t - t er m ex pos ur e s hor t - t er m ex pos ur e s hor t - t er m ex pos ur e.
* ** *
N o o ne c om p ou n d co v e r s th e en ti r e tem p e r a tur e r a ng e s ho w n fo r the fa m i l y ! N o o ne c om p ou n d co v e r s th e en ti r e tem p e r a tur e r a ng e s ho w n fo r the fa m i l y ! N o o ne c om p ou n d co v e r s th e en ti r e tem p e r a tur e r a ng e s ho w n fo r the fa m i l y ! N o o ne c om p ou n d co v e r s th e en ti r e tem p e r a tur e r a ng e s ho w n fo r the fa m i l y !
E l a s t ome r f a mi l i e s - Qu a l i f i e d c o mp o un d s o n l y E l a s t ome r f a mi l i e s - Qu a l i f i e d c o mp o un d s o n l y E l a s t ome r f a mi l i e s - Qu a l i f i e d c o mp o un d s o n l y E l a s t ome r f a mi l i e s - Qu a l i f i e d c o mp o un d s o n l y
* ** *
SHO RT - T E RM APP L I C AT I ONS SHO RT - T E RM APP L I C AT I ONS SHO RT - T E RM APP L I C AT I ONS SHO RT - T E RM APP L I C AT I ONS


Elastomer Material
Instruction-Procedure
Filecode: Mat-Elastomers
PDMS#: 100271459
Revision: AF
Date: 17 June 2013
Page: 9 of 9
Title: Seal Material Selection

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Selection Guidelines for Packer Elements in Various Environments Selection Guidelines for Packer Elements in Various Environments Selection Guidelines for Packer Elements in Various Environments Selection Guidelines for Packer Elements in Various Environments
Elastomer families Elastomer families Elastomer families Elastomer families - -- -Select Qualifie Select Qualifie Select Qualifie Select Qualified compounds only d compounds only d compounds only d compounds only
Environment: Environment: Environment: Environment: Nitrile Nitrile Nitrile Nitrile HNBR HNBR HNBR HNBR Aflas Aflas Aflas Aflas

Viton Viton Viton Viton


Maximum Temperature Maximum Temperature Maximum Temperature Maximum Temperature 275F 275F 275F 275F 350F 350F 350F 350F 450F 450F 450F 450F 350F
Minimum Temperature Minimum Temperature Minimum Temperature Minimum Temperature 40F 40F 40F 40F 40F 40F 40F 40F 75F 75F 75F 75F 75F
Crude oil OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Natural gas w/ condensate OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Formation or injected water Up to 275 Up to 275 Up to 275 Up to 275F FF F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
H2S Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 100 ppm Up to 1000 ppm Up to 1000 ppm Up to 1000 ppm Up to 1000 ppm OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
CO2 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Water based muds OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Oil based muds OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Ester containing muds NO NO NO NO ?? ?? ?? ?? OK OK OK OK NO
Diesel OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
Brine completion fluid, pH <10.5 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Sea water or calcium bromide OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Zinc bromide NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Brine Completion fluid, pH >10.5 NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK NO
Amine based inhibitors Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 250F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK Up to 200F
Hydrocarbon solvents U UU Up to 275F p to 275F p to 275F p to 275F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK OK
HCl acid Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
HF/HCl Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Acetic acid Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK NO
Methanol Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 275F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F Up to 350F OK OK OK OK Up to 300F
Steam NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO OK OK OK OK NO
Recommended temperature range based on material capability.
All materials and all temperature ranges are not available for every packer.
There are case by case short term exceptions.
Environments vary and chemicals or fluids such as inhibitors vary.
There are exceptions to most categories. Consult materials engineering for clarification.
Yellow shading indicates caution that may be due to a temperature limitation or perhaps a
mechanical concern, for example resistance to running, extrusion or decompression damage.

Viton is not preferred for packer element applications.