INTERFACE FINITE ELEMENTS INTERFACE FINITE ELEMENTS

U n i v e r s i t y o f M i n h o
Department of Civil Engineering
Guimares, Portugal
(adapted from the PT version made by Prof. Sena-Cruz)
barros@civil.uminho.pt www.civil.uminho.pt
2
>> Introduction
Application field: simulate geometric discontinuities (e.g.,
formation and propagation of discrete cracks, concrete-
steel/FRP reinforcements).
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
3
Applied example

Concrete
Steel hinge
1
4
2
.
5
3
0
.
0
F/2
+ +
+ +
Interface element
(zero width)
Repeated
nodes
CFRP
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
Lb=60
CFRP
250.0
1
4
2
.
5
7
.
5
75.0 75.0
4
Interface finite elements of 4 and 6 nodes

3
6
5
2
x
x'
Top (T)
2
4
Top (T)
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
1
2
3
4
x
1
1
x'
2
x'
1
x'
Bottom (B)
1
3
2
x'
2
Bottom (B)
(a) (b)
5
Displacement field
1
2
'
'
B
B
u
u
u

=

6
5
2
x
Top (T)
4
Top (T)
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
2
1
2
'
'
'
B
T
T
u
u
u
u

=


1
2
3
4
x
1
1
x'
2
x'
1
x'
Bottom (B)
1
3
2
x'
2
Bottom (B)
(a) (b)
6
Nodal displacements, interpolation of the displacement
field
[ ]
11 12 21 22 31 32 41 42
T
a a a a a a a a a

=
u N a

=
a

N ,
Direco

i j
a i
j
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
11
12
1 1 2 21
2 1 2 22
1 1 2 31
2 1 2 32
41
42
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
B
B
T
T
a
a
u N N a
u N N a
u N N a
u N N a
a
a

Direco j
7
Components of the vector of the relative displacements
1 1 1
2 2 2
1
T B
T B
B
u u u
u
u u u
u

= =

Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
1
2
1
2
1 0 1 0
0 1 0 1
B
B
T
T
u
u
u
Lu

=
8
B matrix
u L N a
Ba

=

= B L N =
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
N N N N
B
N N N N


=



9
Normal and tangential stresses versus corresponding
relative displacements
1
2
D u

= =

Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
0
0
t
n
D
D
D

=


10
Stiffness matrix
T T
S
K T B DBT dS =

1
T T
+
=

Local coordinates
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
1
1
T T
K T B DBT h J ds

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1
1
IP
n
T T
i i i i i i i
i
K WT P B P DB P T P h P J P
=
=

Numerical integration
11
Numerical integration
The Gauss-Lobatto numerical integration is currently used
in the evaluation of the stiffness matrix of finite element
interface. This integration scheme limit the occurrence of
oscilations in the obtained results
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
12
Numerical integration
Point n.
Gauss-Legendre Gauss-Lobatto
Coordinate (P
i
) Weight (W
i
) Coordinate (P
i
) Weight (W
i
)
1 0.000000000000000 2.000000000000000 - -
2
-0.577350269189626 1.000000000000000 -1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000
0.577350269189626 1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000 1.000000000000000
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
3
-0.774596669241483 0.555555555555556 -1.000000000000000 0.333333330000000
0.000000000000000 0.888888888888889 0.000000000000000 1.333333330000000
0.774596669241483 0.555555555555556 1.000000000000000 0.333333330000000
4
-0.861136311594053 0.347854845137454 -1.000000000000000 0.166666670000000
-0.339981043584856 0.652145154862546 -0.447213600000000 0.833333330000000
0.339981043584856 0.652145154862546 0.447213600000000 0.833333330000000
0.861136311594053 0.347854845137454 1.000000000000000 0.166666670000000
13
Example
1000 kN
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
Interface finite elements
14
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
15
70
80
90
100
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
20
30
40
50
60
70
-4 -2 0 2 4
Traction (N/mm2)
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
FEMIX 4.0
DIANA 6.3
16
60
80
100
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
kn=1.0E3
kn=1.0E4
kn=1.0E5
kn=1.0E6
60
80
100
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
kn=1.0E3
kn=1.0E4
kn=1.0E5
kn=1.0E6
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
20
40
60
-3 0 3 6 9
Traction (N/mm
2
)
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
Gauss-Legendre 2x Gauss-Lobatto 2x
20
40
60
-3 0 3 6 9
Traction (N/mm
2
)
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
17
60
80
100
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
kn=1.0E3
kn=1.0E4
kn=1.0E5
kn=1.0E6
60
80
100
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
kn=1.0E3
kn=1.0E4
kn=1.0E5
kn=1.0E6
Joaquim Barros
Modeling and Advanced Structural Analysis Techniques
University of Minho Department of Civil Engineering
Gauss-Legendre 3x Gauss-Lobatto 3x
20
40
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Traction (N/mm
2
)
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)
20
40
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Traction (N/mm
2
)
D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

t
o

n
o
t
c
h

(
m
m
)