Table 1: Human Development Index and its components

HDI rank

Very high human development

1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Switzerland
4 Netherlands
5 United States
6 Germany
7 New Zealand
8 Canada
9 Singapore
10 Denmark
11 Ireland
12 Sweden
13 Iceland
14 United Kingdom
15 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15 Korea (Republic of)
17 Japan
18 Liechtenstein
19 Israel
20 France
21 Austria
21 Belgium
21 Luxembourg
24 Finland
25 Slovenia
26 Italy
27 Spain
28 Czech Republic
29 Greece
30 Brunei Darussalam
31 Qatar
32 Cyprus
33 Estonia
34 Saudi Arabia
35 Lithuania
35 Poland
37 Andorra

Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value

Life
expectancy
at birth
(years)

Mean years
of schooling
(years)

2013

2013

2012

0.944
0.933
0.917
0.915
0.914
0.911
0.910
0.902
0.901
0.900
0.899
0.898
0.895
0.892
0.891
0.891
0.890
0.889
0.888
0.884
0.881
0.881
0.881
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.869
0.861
0.853
0.852
0.851
0.845
0.840
0.836
0.834
0.834
0.830

81.5
82.5
82.6
81.0
78.9
80.7
81.1
81.5
82.3
79.4
80.7
81.8
82.1
80.5
83.4
81.5
83.6
79.9
81.8
81.8
81.1
80.5
80.5
80.5
79.6
82.4
82.1
77.7
80.8
78.5
78.4
79.8
74.4
75.5
72.1
76.4
81.2

12.6
12.8
12.2
11.9
12.9
12.9
12.5
12.3
10.2
12.1
11.6
11.7
10.4
12.3
10.0
11.8
11.5
10.3
12.5
11.1
10.8
10.9
11.3
10.3
11.9
10.1
9.6
12.3
10.2
8.7
9.1
11.6
12.0
8.7
12.4
11.8
10.4

b
b

37 Slovakia
39 Malta
40 United Arab Emirates
41 Chile
41 Portugal
43 Hungary
44 Bahrain
44 Cuba
46 Kuwait
47 Croatia
48 Latvia
49 Argentina
High human development
50 Uruguay
51 Bahamas
51 Montenegro
53 Belarus
54 Romania
55 Libya
56 Oman
57 Russian Federation
58 Bulgaria
59 Barbados
60 Palau
61 Antigua and Barbuda
62 Malaysia
63 Mauritius
64 Trinidad and Tobago
65 Lebanon
65 Panama
67 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68 Costa Rica
69 Turkey
70 Kazakhstan
71 Mexico
71 Seychelles
73 Saint Kitts and Nevis
73 Sri Lanka
75 Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76 Azerbaijan
77 Jordan
77 Serbia
79 Brazil
79 Georgia
79 Grenada
82 Peru

0.830
0.829
0.827
0.822
0.822
0.818
0.815
0.815
0.814
0.812
0.810
0.808

75.4
79.8
76.8
80.0
79.9
74.6
76.6
79.3
74.3
77.0
72.2
76.3

11.6
9.9
9.1
9.8
8.2
11.3
9.4
10.2
7.2
11.0
11.5
9.8

0.790
0.789
0.789
0.786
0.785
0.784
0.783
0.778
0.777
0.776
0.775
0.774
0.773
0.771
0.766
0.765
0.765
0.764
0.763
0.759
0.757
0.756
0.756
0.750
0.750
0.749
0.747
0.745
0.745
0.744
0.744
0.744
0.737

77.2
75.2
74.8
69.9
73.8
75.3
76.6
68.0
73.5
75.4
72.4
76.0
75.0
73.6
69.9
80.0
77.6
74.6
79.9
75.3
66.5
77.5
73.2
73.6
74.3
74.0
70.8
73.9
74.1
73.9
74.3
72.8
74.8

8.5
10.9
10.5
11.5
10.7
7.5
6.8
11.7
10.6
9.4
12.2
8.9
9.5
8.5
10.8
7.9
9.4
8.6
8.4
7.6
10.4
8.5
9.4
8.4
10.8
7.8
11.2
9.9
9.5
7.2
12.1
8.6
9.0

p
p

r
p

83 Ukraine
84 Belize

0.734
0.732
84 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
0.732
86 Bosnia and Herzegovina
0.731
87 Armenia
0.730
88 Fiji
0.724
89 Thailand
0.722
90 Tunisia
0.721
91 China
0.719
91 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0.719
93 Algeria
0.717
93 Dominica
0.717
95 Albania
0.716
96 Jamaica
0.715
97 Saint Lucia
0.714
98 Colombia
0.711
98 Ecuador
0.711
100 Suriname
0.705
100 Tonga
0.705
102 Dominican Republic
0.700
Medium human development
103 Maldives
103 Mongolia
103 Turkmenistan
106 Samoa
107 Palestine, State of
108 Indonesia
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127

Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia

0.698
0.698
0.698
0.694
0.686
0.684
0.683
0.682
0.676
0.674
0.667
0.663
0.662
0.661
0.660
0.658
0.658
0.642
0.638
0.638
0.636
0.630
0.628
0.628
0.624

68.5
73.9
75.2
76.4
74.6
69.8
74.4
75.9
75.3
72.5
71.0
77.7
77.4
73.5
74.8
74.0
76.5
71.0
72.7
73.4
77.9
67.5
65.5
73.2
73.2
70.8
64.4
71.2
72.3
63.5
67.3
68.9
72.6
68.2
68.7
56.9
74.6
69.4
66.3
75.9
75.1
69.0
72.1
67.5
64.5

11.3
9.3
8.2
8.3
10.8
9.9
7.3
6.5
7.5
8.6
7.6
7.7
9.3
9.6
8.3
7.1
7.6
7.7
9.4
7.5
5.8
8.3
9.9
10.3
8.9
7.5
8.8
6.4
7.7
7.4
9.2
9.8
6.5
10.0
8.9
9.9
6.6
5.6
8.5
5.5
3.5
8.8
5.6
9.3
6.2

r
o

r
b

p
s

Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua
133 Kiribati
133 Tajikistan
135 India
136 Bhutan
136 Cambodia
138 Ghana
139 Lao People's Democratic Republic
140 Congo
141 Zambia
142 Bangladesh
142 Sao Tome and Principe
144 Equatorial Guinea
Low human development
145 Nepal
146 Pakistan
147 Kenya
148 Swaziland
149 Angola
150 Myanmar
151 Rwanda
152 Cameroon
152 Nigeria
154 Yemen
155 Madagascar
156 Zimbabwe
157 Papua New Guinea
157 Solomon Islands
159 Comoros
159 Tanzania (United Republic of)
161 Mauritania
162 Lesotho
163 Senegal
164 Uganda
165 Benin
166 Sudan
166 Togo
168 Haiti
169 Afghanistan
170 Djibouti
171 Cte d'Ivoire
172 Gambia
128
129
129
131
132

0.620
0.617
0.617
0.616
0.614
0.607
0.607
0.586
0.584
0.584
0.573
0.569
0.564
0.561
0.558
0.558
0.556

67.5
73.8
70.9
71.6
74.8
68.9
67.2
66.4
68.3
71.9
61.1
68.3
58.8
58.1
70.7
66.3
53.1

4.4
5.5
4.4
9.0
5.8
7.8
9.9
4.4
2.3
5.8
7.0
4.6
6.1
6.5
5.1
4.7
5.4

0.540
0.537
0.535
0.530
0.526
0.524
0.506
0.504
0.504
0.500
0.498
0.492
0.491
0.491
0.488
0.488
0.487
0.486
0.485
0.484
0.476
0.473
0.473
0.471
0.468
0.467
0.452
0.441

68.4
66.6
61.7
49.0
51.9
65.2
64.1
55.1
52.5
63.1
64.7
59.9
62.4
67.7
60.9
61.5
61.6
49.4
63.5
59.2
59.3
62.1
56.5
63.1
60.9
61.8
50.7
58.8

3.2
4.7
6.3
7.1
4.7
4.0
3.3
5.9
5.2
2.5
5.2
7.2
3.9
4.5
2.8
5.1
3.7
5.9
4.5
5.4
3.2
3.1
5.3
4.9
3.2
3.8
4.3
2.8

w
p

173 Ethiopia
174 Malawi

0.435
0.414
0.412
0.407
0.396
0.393
0.392
0.389
0.388
0.381
0.374
0.372
0.341
0.338
0.337

63.6
55.3
60.6
55.0
54.3
50.3
56.1
54.1
56.3
62.9
45.6
51.2
50.2
50.0
58.4

2.4
4.2
3.9
2.0
2.3
3.2
1.6
2.7
1.3
3.4
2.9
1.5
3.5
3.1
1.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

70.0
72.6
..
..
..
55.1
55.3
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Index Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

0.890
0.735
0.614
0.493

80.2
74.5
67.9
59.4

11.7
8.1
5.5
4.2

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

0.682
0.703
0.738
0.740
0.588
0.502

70.2
74.0
71.3
74.9
67.2
56.8

6.3
7.4
9.6
7.9
4.7
4.8

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

0.487
0.665

61.5
70.0

3.9
7.5

World

0.702

70.8

7.7

175 Liberia
176 Mali
177 Guinea-Bissau
178 Mozambique
179 Guinea
180 Burundi
181 Burkina Faso
182 Eritrea
183 Sierra Leone

Chad
Central African Republic
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
Niger
Other countries or territories
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu
184
185
186
187

Notes
a. Data refer to 2012 or the most recent year available.

b
r
w
w

r
p

b. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
c. Calculated by the Singapore Ministry of Education.
d. Value from UNDESA (2011).
e. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Switzerland before the most recent update.
f. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate and the projected growth rate of Switzerland.
g. For the purpose of calculating the HDI, GNI per capita is capped at $75,000.
h. Based on PPP conversion rates for GDP from World Bank (2014) and GDP deflators and GNI per cap
i. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Spain before the most recent update.
j. Estimated using the PPP rate and the projected growth rate of Spain.
k. Based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011).
l. Based on data on school life expectancy from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Data Center. Accessed
m. Projected growth rate based on ECLAC (2013).
n. Based on data on school life expectancy from UNESCO Institute for statistics (2012).
o. Based on educational attainment distribution from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
p. Based on cross-country regression.
q. HDRO calculations based on data from the National Institute for Educational Studies of Brazil (2013).
r. Based on data from United Nations Children's Fund Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2005-2012.
s. Based on data from household surveys in the World Bank's International Income Distribution Database
t. HDRO calculations based on data from Samoa Bureau of Statistics (n.d.).
u. Based on projected growth rates from UNESCWA (2013).
v. Unpublished provisional estimate from the United Nations Population Division. Communication note, O
w. Based on data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted by ICF Macro.

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic d
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can exp
Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production

Main data sources

Columns 1 and 6: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UN
Column 2: UNDESA (2013a).
Column 3: Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and HDRO estimates based on
(2013) and on methodology from Barro and Lee (2013).
Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
Column 5: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2014), IMF (2014) and UN Statistics Div
Column 7: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 6.

Expected
years of
schooling
(years)
2012
17.6
19.9
15.7
17.9
16.5
16.3
19.4
15.9
15.4
16.9
18.6
15.8
18.7
16.2
15.6
17.0
15.3
15.1
15.7
16.0
15.6
16.2
13.9
17.0
16.8
16.3
17.1
16.4
16.5
14.5
13.8
14.0
16.5
15.6
16.7
15.5
11.7

Gross national
income (GNI) per
capita
(2011 PPP $)

Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value

2013

2012

2012-2013

63,909
41,524
53,762
42,397
52,308
43,049
32,569
41,887
72,371
42,880
33,414
43,201
35,116
35,002
52,383
30,345
36,747
87,085
29,966
36,629
42,930
39,471
58,695
37,366
26,809
32,669
30,561
24,535
24,658
70,883
119,029
26,771
23,387
52,109
23,740
21,487
40,597

0.943
0.931
0.916
0.915
0.912
0.911
0.908
0.901
0.899
0.900
0.901
0.897
0.893
0.890
0.889
0.888
0.888
0.888
0.886
0.884
0.880
0.880
0.880
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.869
0.861
0.854
0.852
0.850
0.848
0.839
0.833
0.831
0.833
0.830

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
-3
-1
0
0
0
1
-1
-2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
-1
0

f,g

h
g

Change in rank

15.0
14.5
13.3
15.1
16.3
15.4
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.5
15.5
16.4
15.5
12.6
15.2
15.7
14.1
16.1
13.6
14.0
14.3
15.4
13.7
13.8
12.7
15.6
12.3
13.2
12.4
14.2
13.5
14.4
15.0
12.8
11.6
12.9
13.6
15.2
11.8
13.3
13.6
15.2
13.2
15.8
13.1

25,336
27,022
58,068
20,804
24,130
21,239
32,072
19,844
85,820
19,025
22,186
17,297
18,108
21,414
14,710
16,403
17,433
21,666
42,191
22,617
15,402
13,604
12,823
18,800
21,824
16,777
25,325
16,263
16,379
17,067
13,012
18,391
19,441
15,854
24,632
20,150
9,250
13,451
15,725
11,337
11,301
14,275
6,890
10,339
11,280

h
m
g

h
h

0.829
0.827
0.825
0.819
0.822
0.817
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.812
0.808
0.806

1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
-2
0
0
0

0.787
0.788
0.787
0.785
0.782
0.789
0.781
0.777
0.776
0.776
0.773
0.773
0.770
0.769
0.765
0.764
0.761
0.763
0.761
0.756
0.755
0.755
0.755
0.749
0.745
0.749
0.745
0.744
0.743
0.742
0.741
0.743
0.734

2
0
1
1
1
-5
0
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
2
-1
-1
0
0
-1
-1
0
2
-2
-1
0
1
1
2
-1
0

15.1
13.7
13.3
13.6
12.3
15.7
13.1
14.6
12.9
13.3
14.0
12.7
10.8
12.5
12.8
13.2
12.3
12.0
14.7
12.3
12.7
15.0
12.6
12.9
13.2
12.7
11.7
13.0
11.9
12.3
13.2
11.8
12.1
11.5
11.3
13.1
12.0
10.1
10.7
11.9
13.2
11.4
10.7
12.5
11.3

p
t

8,215
9,364
11,745
9,431
7,952
7,214
13,364
10,440
11,477
10,339
12,555
9,235
9,225
8,170
9,251
11,527
9,998
15,113
5,316
10,844

0.733
0.731
0.730
0.729
0.728
0.722
0.720
0.719
0.715
0.717
0.715
0.716
0.714
0.715
0.715
0.708
0.708
0.702
0.704
0.698

0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
-1
2
-3
-4
0
0
1
0
0

10,074
8,466
11,533
4,708
5,168
8,970
14,792
10,400
7,580
16,977
5,552
5,041
7,240
5,227
6,381
11,788
5,771
14,007
6,341
4,892
6,365
3,662
6,866
3,021
9,185

0.695
0.692
0.693
0.693
0.683
0.681
0.681
0.681
0.670
0.670
0.663
0.657
0.660
0.657
0.656
0.654
0.662
0.641
0.635
0.635
0.635
0.629
0.626
0.621
0.620

0
3
1
-2
0
0
-1
-2
0
-1
0
2
0
0
1
1
-4
0
0
0
-2
0
0
1
0

h,u

h,u

11.7
11.6
11.6
10.6
10.5
12.3
11.2
11.7
12.4
10.9
11.5
10.2
11.1
13.5
10.0
11.3
8.5

9,674
4,138
6,905
2,652
4,266
2,645
2,424
5,150
6,775
2,805
3,532
4,351
4,909
2,898
2,713
3,111
21,972

0.616
0.616
0.614
0.617
0.611
0.606
0.603
0.583
0.580
0.579
0.571
0.565
0.561
0.554
0.554
0.556
0.556

1
0
2
-3
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
1
-1
-3

12.4
7.7
11.0
11.3
11.4
8.6
13.2
10.4
9.0
9.2
10.3
9.3
8.9
9.2
12.8
9.2
8.2
11.1
7.9
10.8
11.0
7.3
12.2
7.6
9.3
6.4
8.9
9.1

2,194
4,652
2,158
5,536
6,323
3,998
1,403
2,557
5,353
3,945
1,333
1,307
2,453
1,385
1,505
1,702
2,988
2,798
2,169
1,335
1,726
3,428
1,129
1,636
1,904
3,109
2,774
1,557

0.537
0.535
0.531
0.529
0.524
0.520
0.502
0.501
0.500
0.499
0.496
0.484
0.490
0.489
0.486
0.484
0.485
0.481
0.484
0.480
0.473
0.472
0.470
0.469
0.466
0.465
0.448
0.438

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
-1
0
-1
1
-2
1
-3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

8.5
10.8
8.5
8.6
9.0
9.5
8.7
10.1
7.5
4.1
7.5
7.4
7.2
9.7
5.4

1,303
715
752
1,499
1,090
1,011
1,142
749
1,602
1,147
1,815
1,622
588
444
873

0.429
0.411
0.407
0.406
0.396
0.389
0.391
0.386
0.385
0.380
0.368
0.370
0.365
0.333
0.335

0
0
0
0
0
1
-1
0
0
0
1
-1
0
1
-1

..
..
..
9.3
15.3
..
..
10.8

..
4,206
..
..
..
..
1,450
5,151

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

16.3
13.4
11.7
9.0

40,046
13,231
5,960
2,904

0.889
0.733
0.612
0.490

11.8
12.5
13.6
13.7
11.2
9.7

15,817
10,499
12,415
13,767
5,195
3,152

0.681
0.699
0.735
0.739
0.586
0.499

9.4
11.0

2,126
9,471

0.484
0.663

12.2

13,723

0.700

ost recent update.

wth rate of Switzerland.

flators and GNI per capita in national currency from the National Accounts Main Aggregate Database of the UN Statistical Divi
cent update.

Data Center. Accessed in May 2013.

tics (2013).

tudies of Brazil (2013).

urveys for 2005-2012.
me Distribution Database.

Communication note, October 2013.

vement in three basic dimensions of human developmenta long and healthy life, knowledge
if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same
eople ages 25 and older, converted from education attainment levels using official durations of
ol entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates
nerated by its production and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for

arro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014),

RO estimates based on data on educational attainment from UNESCO Institute for Statistics

4) and UN Statistics Divisiion (2014).

base of the UN Statistical Division (2014).

Table 2: Human Development Index trends, 1980-2013

Human Development Index
Value

HDI rank

Country
Very high human development
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Switzerland
4 Netherlands
5 United States
6 Germany
7 New Zealand
8 Canada
9 Singapore
10 Denmark
11 Ireland
12 Sweden
13 Iceland
14 United Kingdom
15 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15 Korea (Republic of)
17 Japan
18 Liechtenstein
19 Israel
20 France
21 Austria
21 Belgium
21 Luxembourg
24 Finland
25 Slovenia
26 Italy
27 Spain
28 Czech Republic
29 Greece
30 Brunei Darussalam
31 Qatar
32 Cyprus
33 Estonia
34 Saudi Arabia
35 Lithuania
35 Poland
37 Andorra
37 Slovakia
39 Malta

1980

1990

2000

2005

0.793
0.841
0.806
0.783
0.825
0.739
0.793
0.809
..
0.781
0.734
0.776
0.754
0.735
0.698
0.628
0.772
..
0.749
0.722
0.736
0.753
0.729
0.752
..
0.718
0.702
..
0.713
0.740
0.729
0.661
..
0.583
..
0.687
..
..
0.704

0.841
0.866
0.829
0.826
0.858
0.782
0.821
0.848
0.744
0.806
0.775
0.807
0.800
0.768
0.775
0.731
0.817
..
0.785
0.779
0.786
0.805
0.786
0.792
0.769
0.763
0.755
0.762
0.749
0.786
0.756
0.726
0.730
0.662
0.737
0.714
..
0.747
0.730

0.910
0.898
0.886
0.874
0.883
0.854
0.873
0.867
0.800
0.859
0.862
0.889
0.858
0.863
0.810
0.819
0.858
..
0.849
0.848
0.835
0.873
0.866
0.841
0.821
0.825
0.826
0.806
0.798
0.822
0.811
0.800
0.776
0.744
0.757
0.784
..
0.776
0.770

0.935
0.912
0.901
0.888
0.897
0.887
0.894
0.892
0.840
0.891
0.890
0.887
0.888
0.888
0.839
0.856
0.873
..
0.869
0.867
0.851
0.865
0.876
0.869
0.855
0.858
0.844
0.845
0.853
0.838
0.840
0.828
0.821
0.773
0.806
0.803
..
0.803
0.801

United Arab Emirates

0.640
Chile
0.640
Portugal
0.643
Hungary
0.696
Bahrain
0.677
Cuba
0.681
Kuwait
0.702
Croatia
..
Latvia
..
Argentina
0.665
High human development
50 Uruguay
0.658
51 Bahamas
..
51 Montenegro
..
53 Belarus
..
54 Romania
0.685
55 Libya
0.641
56 Oman
..
57 Russian Federation
..
58 Bulgaria
0.658
59 Barbados
0.658
60 Palau
..
61 Antigua and Barbuda
..
62 Malaysia
0.577
63 Mauritius
0.558
64 Trinidad and Tobago
0.658
65 Lebanon
..
65 Panama
0.627
67 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
0.639
68 Costa Rica
0.605
69 Turkey
0.496
70 Kazakhstan
..
71 Mexico
0.595
71 Seychelles
..
73 Saint Kitts and Nevis
..
73 Sri Lanka
0.569
75 Iran (Islamic Republic of)
0.490
76 Azerbaijan
..
77 Jordan
0.587
77 Serbia
..
79 Brazil
0.545
79 Georgia
..
79 Grenada
..
82 Peru
0.595
83 Ukraine
..
84 Belize
0.619
84 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
..
86 Bosnia and Herzegovina
..
87 Armenia
..
40
41
41
43
44
44
46
47
48
49

0.725
0.704
0.708
0.701
0.729
0.729
0.723
0.689
0.710
0.694

0.797
0.753
0.780
0.774
0.784
0.742
0.804
0.748
0.729
0.753

0.823
0.785
0.790
0.805
0.811
0.786
0.795
0.781
0.786
0.758

0.691
..
..
..
0.703
0.684
..
0.729
0.696
0.706
..
..
0.641
0.621
0.658
..
0.651
0.644
0.652
0.576
0.686
0.647
..
..
0.620
0.552
..
0.622
0.726
0.612
..
..
0.615
0.705
0.640
..
..
0.632

0.740
0.766
..
..
0.706
0.745
..
0.717
0.714
0.745
0.741
..
0.717
0.686
0.697
..
0.709
0.677
0.705
0.653
0.679
0.699
0.743
..
0.679
0.652
0.639
0.705
0.713
0.682
..
..
0.682
0.668
0.675
..
..
0.648

0.755
0.787
0.750
0.725
0.750
0.772
0.733
0.750
0.749
0.761
0.771
..
0.747
0.722
0.745
0.741
0.728
0.716
0.721
0.687
0.734
0.724
0.757
..
0.710
0.681
0.686
0.733
0.732
0.705
0.710
..
0.694
0.713
0.710
0.699
0.716
0.693

Fiji
Thailand
Tunisia
China
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Algeria
Dominica
Albania
Jamaica
Saint Lucia
Colombia
Ecuador
Suriname
Tonga
Dominican Republic
Medium human development
103 Maldives
103 Mongolia
103 Turkmenistan
106 Samoa
107 Palestine, State of
108 Indonesia
109 Botswana
110 Egypt
111 Paraguay
112 Gabon
113 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
114 Moldova (Republic of)
115 El Salvador
116 Uzbekistan
117 Philippines
118 South Africa
118 Syrian Arab Republic
120 Iraq
121 Guyana
121 Viet Nam
123 Cape Verde
124 Micronesia (Federated States of)
125 Guatemala
125 Kyrgyzstan
127 Namibia
128 Timor-Leste
129 Honduras
129 Morocco
131 Vanuatu
132 Nicaragua
133 Kiribati
133 Tajikistan
135 India
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102

0.587
0.503
0.484
0.423
..
0.509
..
0.603
0.614
..
0.557
0.605
..
0.602
0.527

0.619
0.572
0.567
0.502
..
0.576
..
0.609
0.638
..
0.596
0.643
..
0.631
0.589

0.674
0.649
0.653
0.591
..
0.634
0.691
0.655
0.671
..
0.655
0.658
..
0.672
0.645

0.694
0.685
0.687
0.645
..
0.675
0.708
0.689
0.700
..
0.680
0.687
0.672
0.695
0.668

..
0.515
..
..
..
0.471
0.470
0.452
0.550
0.540
0.494
..
0.517
..
0.566
0.569
0.528
0.500
0.516
0.463
..
..
0.445
..
0.550
..
0.461
0.399
..
0.483
..
..
0.369

..
0.552
..
..
..
0.528
0.583
0.546
0.581
0.619
0.554
0.645
0.529
..
0.591
0.619
0.570
0.508
0.505
0.476
..
..
0.483
0.607
0.577
..
0.507
0.459
..
0.491
..
0.610
0.431

0.599
0.580
..
0.654
..
0.609
0.560
0.621
0.625
0.632
0.615
0.598
0.607
..
0.619
0.628
0.605
0.606
0.570
0.563
0.573
..
0.551
0.586
0.556
0.465
0.558
0.526
..
0.554
..
0.529
0.483

0.659
0.637
..
0.681
0.649
0.640
0.610
0.645
0.648
0.644
0.636
0.639
0.640
0.626
0.638
0.608
0.653
0.621
0.584
0.598
0.589
..
0.576
0.605
0.570
0.505
0.584
0.569
..
0.585
..
0.572
0.527

Bhutan
Cambodia
Ghana
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Congo
Zambia
Bangladesh
Sao Tome and Principe
Equatorial Guinea
Low human development
145 Nepal
146 Pakistan
147 Kenya
148 Swaziland
149 Angola
150 Myanmar
151 Rwanda
152 Cameroon
152 Nigeria
154 Yemen
155 Madagascar
156 Zimbabwe
157 Papua New Guinea
157 Solomon Islands
159 Comoros
159 Tanzania (United Republic of)
161 Mauritania
162 Lesotho
163 Senegal
164 Uganda
165 Benin
166 Sudan
166 Togo
168 Haiti
169 Afghanistan
170 Djibouti
171 Cte d'Ivoire
172 Gambia
173 Ethiopia
174 Malawi
175 Liberia
176 Mali
177 Guinea-Bissau
178 Mozambique
179 Guinea
180 Burundi
181 Burkina Faso
182 Eritrea
183 Sierra Leone
136
136
138
139
140
141
142
142
144

..
0.251
0.423
0.340
0.542
0.422
0.336
..
..

..
0.403
0.502
0.395
0.553
0.407
0.382
..
..

..
0.466
0.487
0.473
0.501
0.423
0.453
0.495
0.476

..
0.536
0.511
0.511
0.525
0.471
0.494
0.520
0.517

0.286
0.356
0.446
0.477
..
0.328
0.291
0.391
..
..
..
0.437
0.323
..
..
0.377
0.347
0.443
0.333
0.293
0.287
0.331
0.405
0.352
0.230
..
0.377
0.300
..
0.270
..
0.208
..
0.246
..
0.230
..
..
0.276

0.388
0.402
0.471
0.538
..
0.347
0.238
0.440
..
0.390
..
0.488
0.363
..
..
0.354
0.367
0.493
0.384
0.310
0.342
0.342
0.404
0.413
0.296
..
0.380
0.334
..
0.283
..
0.232
..
0.216
..
0.291
..
..
0.263

0.449
0.454
0.455
0.498
0.377
0.421
0.329
0.433
..
0.427
0.453
0.428
0.423
0.475
..
0.376
0.433
0.443
0.413
0.392
0.391
0.385
0.430
0.433
0.341
..
0.393
0.383
0.284
0.341
0.339
0.309
..
0.285
..
0.290
..
..
0.297

0.477
0.504
0.479
0.498
0.446
0.472
0.391
0.457
0.466
0.462
0.470
0.412
0.441
0.483
0.464
0.419
0.455
0.437
0.451
0.429
0.432
0.423
0.442
0.447
0.396
0.412
0.407
0.414
0.339
0.368
0.335
0.359
0.387
0.343
0.366
0.319
0.321
..
0.329

Chad
..
Central African Republic
0.295
Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 0.336
Niger
0.191
Other countries or territories
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
..
Marshall Islands
..
Monaco
..
Nauru
..
San Marino
..
Somalia
..
South Sudan
..
Tuvalu
..
184
185
186
187

..
0.310
0.319
0.218

0.301
0.314
0.274
0.262

0.324
0.327
0.292
0.293

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Index groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

0.757
0.534
0.420
0.345

0.798
0.593
0.474
0.367

0.849
0.643
0.528
0.403

0.870
0.682
0.565
0.444

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

0.492
0.457
..
0.579
0.382
0.382

0.551
0.517
0.651
0.627
0.438
0.399

0.611
0.595
0.665
0.683
0.491
0.421

0.644
0.641
0.700
0.705
0.533
0.452

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

0.319
0.545

0.345
0.587

0.391
0.613

0.429
0.637

World

0.559

0.597

0.639

0.667

Note
a. A positive value indicates an improvement in rank.

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic d
Average annual HDI growth: A smoothed annualized growth of the HDI in a given period, calculated as

Main data sources

Columns 1-9: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESC
Columns 10-14: Calculated based on data in columns 1-9.

Human Development Index (HDI)

Value
2008

2010

2011

2012

2013

0.937
0.922
0.903
0.901
0.905
0.902
0.899
0.896
0.868
0.896
0.902
0.891
0.886
0.890
0.877
0.874
0.881
..
0.877
0.875
0.868
0.873
0.882
0.878
0.871
0.868
0.857
0.856
0.858
0.843
0.855
0.844
0.832
0.791
0.827
0.817
..
0.824
0.809

0.939
0.926
0.915
0.904
0.908
0.904
0.903
0.896
0.894
0.898
0.899
0.895
0.886
0.895
0.882
0.882
0.884
0.882
0.881
0.879
0.877
0.877
0.881
0.877
0.873
0.869
0.864
0.858
0.856
0.844
0.847
0.848
0.830
0.815
0.829
0.826
0.832
0.826
0.821

0.941
0.928
0.914
0.914
0.911
0.908
0.904
0.900
0.896
0.899
0.900
0.896
0.890
0.891
0.886
0.886
0.887
0.887
0.885
0.882
0.879
0.880
0.881
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.868
0.861
0.854
0.846
0.843
0.850
0.836
0.825
0.828
0.830
0.831
0.827
0.823

0.943
0.931
0.916
0.915
0.912
0.911
0.908
0.901
0.899
0.900
0.901
0.897
0.893
0.890
0.889
0.888
0.888
0.888
0.886
0.884
0.880
0.880
0.880
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.869
0.861
0.854
0.852
0.850
0.848
0.839
0.833
0.831
0.833
0.830
0.829
0.827

0.944
0.933
0.917
0.915
0.914
0.911
0.910
0.902
0.901
0.900
0.899
0.898
0.895
0.892
0.891
0.891
0.890
0.889
0.888
0.884
0.881
0.881
0.881
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.869
0.861
0.853
0.852
0.851
0.845
0.840
0.836
0.834
0.834
0.830
0.830
0.829

HDI rank
Change
20082012
2013

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
12
10
8
11
13
14
15
16
16
16
19
20
21
21
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
36
34
37
38
39

0
0
1
3
-2
-1
1
1
14
-1
-6
-1
0
-2
2
5
-2
..
-1
0
3
1
-6
-7
-2
-2
1
1
-2
2
-1
-1
0
13
1
3
..
0
4

Average annual HDI

(%)
19801990

0.59
0.29
0.29
0.53
0.39
0.57
0.35
0.48
..
0.31
0.54
0.38
0.59
0.45
1.06
1.52
0.57
..
0.48
0.76
0.67
0.68
0.75
0.52
..
0.60
0.74
..
0.49
0.60
0.35
0.95
..
1.28
..
0.38
..
..
0.36

0.832
0.805
0.805
0.814
0.810
0.830
0.800
0.801
0.813
0.777

0.824
0.808
0.816
0.817
0.812
0.824
0.807
0.806
0.809
0.799

0.824
0.815
0.819
0.817
0.812
0.819
0.810
0.812
0.804
0.804

0.825
0.819
0.822
0.817
0.813
0.813
0.813
0.812
0.808
0.806

0.827
0.822
0.822
0.818
0.815
0.815
0.814
0.812
0.810
0.808

40
42
41
43
44
44
44
47
48
49

-5
3
3
-3
-2
-9
1
-1
-7
4

1.25
0.96
0.96
0.08
0.75
0.68
0.29
..
..
0.43

0.773
0.791
0.780
0.764
0.781
0.789
0.714
0.770
0.766
0.776
0.772
..
0.760
0.741
0.764
0.750
0.752
0.758
0.744
0.710
0.744
0.739
0.766
..
0.725
0.711
0.724
0.746
0.743
0.731
0.730
..
0.707
0.729
0.710
0.724
0.727
0.722

0.779
0.788
0.784
0.779
0.779
0.799
0.780
0.773
0.773
0.779
0.768
0.778
0.766
0.753
0.764
0.759
0.759
0.759
0.750
0.738
0.747
0.748
0.763
0.747
0.736
0.725
0.743
0.744
0.743
0.739
0.733
0.746
0.722
0.726
0.714
0.728
0.726
0.720

0.783
0.789
0.787
0.784
0.782
0.753
0.781
0.775
0.774
0.780
0.770
0.772
0.768
0.759
0.764
0.764
0.757
0.761
0.758
0.752
0.750
0.752
0.749
0.745
0.740
0.733
0.743
0.744
0.744
0.740
0.736
0.747
0.727
0.730
0.717
0.730
0.729
0.724

0.787
0.788
0.787
0.785
0.782
0.789
0.781
0.777
0.776
0.776
0.773
0.773
0.770
0.769
0.765
0.764
0.761
0.763
0.761
0.756
0.755
0.755
0.755
0.749
0.745
0.749
0.745
0.744
0.743
0.742
0.741
0.743
0.734
0.733
0.731
0.730
0.729
0.728

0.790
0.789
0.789
0.786
0.785
0.784
0.783
0.778
0.777
0.776
0.775
0.774
0.773
0.771
0.766
0.765
0.765
0.764
0.763
0.759
0.757
0.756
0.756
0.750
0.750
0.749
0.747
0.745
0.745
0.744
0.744
0.744
0.737
0.734
0.732
0.732
0.731
0.730

52
51
52
54
55
50
56
57
58
58
60
60
62
63
64
65
67
66
67
69
70
70
70
73
75
73
75
77
78
80
81
78
82
83
84
85
86
87

5
-3
1
7
-3
-5
6
0
0
-5
-4
..
1
9
-3
2
1
-2
1
16
-1
2
-12
..
5
10
4
-8
-5
-4
-3
..
8
-5
3
-3
-7
-4

0.49
..
..
..
0.25
0.65
..
..
0.57
0.71
..
..
1.05
1.07
0.00
..
0.38
0.08
0.76
1.50
..
0.84
..
..
0.87
1.19
..
0.58
..
1.16
..
..
0.34
..
0.33
..
..
..

0.712
0.704
0.706
0.682
..
0.695
0.712
0.703
0.710
..
0.700
0.697
0.694
0.696
0.684

0.721
0.715
0.715
0.701
0.717
0.709
0.717
0.708
0.712
0.717
0.706
0.701
0.698
0.701
0.691

0.722
0.716
0.716
0.710
0.715
0.715
0.718
0.714
0.714
0.718
0.710
0.705
0.701
0.702
0.695

0.722
0.720
0.719
0.715
0.717
0.715
0.716
0.714
0.715
0.715
0.708
0.708
0.702
0.704
0.698

0.724
0.722
0.721
0.719
0.719
0.717
0.717
0.716
0.715
0.714
0.711
0.711
0.705
0.705
0.700

88
89
90
93
91
93
92
97
93
93
98
98
101
100
102

-4
3
1
10
..
5
-8
-1
-8
..
-2
-1
0
-2
-1

0.53
1.28
1.60
1.72
..
1.25
..
0.10
0.38
..
0.68
0.61
..
0.49
1.12

0.675
0.665
..
0.683
0.672
0.654
0.656
0.667
0.661
0.654
0.649
0.652
0.648
0.643
0.648
0.623
0.658
0.632
0.621
0.617
0.613
..
0.601
0.617
0.598
0.579
0.604
0.588
0.608
0.599
..
0.591
0.554

0.688
0.671
0.687
0.688
0.671
0.671
0.672
0.678
0.669
0.662
0.658
0.652
0.652
0.648
0.651
0.638
0.662
0.638
0.626
0.629
0.622
0.627
0.613
0.614
0.610
0.606
0.612
0.603
0.617
0.604
0.599
0.596
0.570

0.692
0.682
0.690
0.690
0.679
0.678
0.678
0.679
0.672
0.666
0.661
0.656
0.657
0.653
0.652
0.646
0.662
0.639
0.632
0.632
0.631
0.627
0.620
0.618
0.616
0.606
0.615
0.612
0.618
0.608
0.599
0.600
0.581

0.695
0.692
0.693
0.693
0.683
0.681
0.681
0.681
0.670
0.670
0.663
0.657
0.660
0.657
0.656
0.654
0.662
0.641
0.635
0.635
0.635
0.629
0.626
0.621
0.620
0.616
0.616
0.614
0.617
0.611
0.606
0.603
0.583

0.698
0.698
0.698
0.694
0.686
0.684
0.683
0.682
0.676
0.674
0.667
0.663
0.662
0.661
0.660
0.658
0.658
0.642
0.638
0.638
0.636
0.630
0.628
0.628
0.624
0.620
0.617
0.617
0.616
0.614
0.607
0.607
0.586

103
106
104
104
107
108
108
108
111
111
113
116
115
116
118
119
114
120
121
121
121
124
125
126
127
129
129
131
128
132
133
134
135

1
3
..
-3
1
4
2
-4
-3
0
2
0
1
2
-1
2
-8
-1
0
2
1
..
3
-2
3
5
-2
3
-5
-3
..
-2
1

..
0.71
..
..
..
1.16
2.18
1.91
0.55
1.37
1.17
..
0.22
..
0.45
0.86
0.76
0.17
-0.22
0.28
..
..
0.82
..
0.48
..
0.95
1.41
..
0.17
..
..
1.58

..
0.564
0.544
0.533
0.548
0.505
0.515
0.537
0.543

0.569
0.571
0.556
0.549
0.565
0.530
0.539
0.543
0.559

0.579
0.575
0.566
0.560
0.549
0.543
0.549
0.548
0.553

0.580
0.579
0.571
0.565
0.561
0.554
0.554
0.556
0.556

0.584
0.584
0.573
0.569
0.564
0.561
0.558
0.558
0.556

136
137
138
139
140
143
143
141
141

..
-1
1
3
-2
7
2
-1
-4

..
4.83
1.73
1.51
0.19
-0.37
1.29
..
..

0.501
0.536
0.508
0.518
0.490
0.500
0.432
0.477
0.483
0.471
0.487
0.422
0.467
0.506
0.474
0.451
0.466
0.456
0.474
0.458
0.454
0.447
0.447
0.458
0.430
0.438
0.427
0.432
0.394
0.395
0.374
0.385
0.397
0.366
0.377
0.362
0.349
..
0.346

0.527
0.526
0.522
0.527
0.504
0.514
0.453
0.493
0.492
0.484
0.494
0.459
0.479
0.489
0.479
0.464
0.475
0.472
0.483
0.472
0.467
0.463
0.460
0.462
0.453
0.452
0.439
0.440
0.409
0.406
0.393
0.398
0.401
0.380
0.380
0.381
0.367
0.373
0.353

0.533
0.531
0.527
0.530
0.521
0.517
0.463
0.498
0.496
0.497
0.495
0.473
0.484
0.494
0.483
0.478
0.475
0.476
0.483
0.477
0.471
0.468
0.467
0.466
0.458
0.461
0.443
0.436
0.422
0.411
0.402
0.405
0.402
0.384
0.387
0.384
0.376
0.377
0.360

0.537
0.535
0.531
0.529
0.524
0.520
0.502
0.501
0.500
0.499
0.496
0.484
0.490
0.489
0.486
0.484
0.485
0.481
0.484
0.480
0.473
0.472
0.470
0.469
0.466
0.465
0.448
0.438
0.429
0.411
0.407
0.406
0.396
0.389
0.391
0.386
0.385
0.380
0.368

0.540
0.537
0.535
0.530
0.526
0.524
0.506
0.504
0.504
0.500
0.498
0.492
0.491
0.491
0.488
0.488
0.487
0.486
0.485
0.484
0.476
0.473
0.473
0.471
0.468
0.467
0.452
0.441
0.435
0.414
0.412
0.407
0.396
0.393
0.392
0.389
0.388
0.381
0.374

145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
160
156
157
158
160
159
163
160
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
179
178
180
181
182
184

4
-1
-1
-5
2
0
17
2
1
2
-3
16
1
-10
-4
5
-2
0
-6
-4
-2
-1
-1
-8
1
-3
0
-4
2
0
3
0
-4
1
-2
0
0
..
0

3.09
1.22
0.55
1.20
..
0.59
-2.01
1.19
..
..
..
1.12
1.19
..
..
-0.64
0.55
1.06
1.44
0.55
1.78
0.33
-0.03
1.61
2.56
..
0.10
1.08
..
0.46
..
1.14
..
-1.31
..
2.37
..
..
-0.49

0.338
0.344
0.307
0.309

0.349
0.355
0.319
0.323

0.365
0.361
0.323
0.328

0.370
0.365
0.333
0.335

0.372
0.341
0.338
0.337

183
185
187
186

1
-1
1
-1

..
0.50
-0.53
1.34

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

0.879
0.710
0.587
0.471

0.885
0.723
0.601
0.479

0.887
0.729
0.609
0.486

0.889
0.733
0.612
0.490

0.890
0.735
0.614
0.493

0.52
1.04
1.22
0.64

0.664
0.671
0.716
0.726
0.560
0.477

0.675
0.688
0.726
0.734
0.573
0.488

0.678
0.695
0.733
0.737
0.582
0.495

0.681
0.699
0.735
0.739
0.586
0.499

0.682
0.703
0.738
0.740
0.588
0.502

1.14
1.23
..
0.79
1.37
0.44

0.457
0.658

0.472
0.662

0.480
0.663

0.484
0.663

0.487
0.665

0.79
0.75

0.685

0.693

0.698

0.700

0.702

0.66

achievement in three basic dimensions of human developmenta long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard
a given period, calculated as the annual compound growth rate.

Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014)

Average annual HDI growth

(%)
199020002000
2013

0.80
0.37
0.66
0.57
0.29
0.89
0.62
0.21
0.72
0.63
1.08
0.98
0.70
1.18
0.43
1.14
0.48
..
0.78
0.85
0.61
0.81
0.98
0.60
0.66
0.78
0.90
0.56
0.64
0.46
0.71
0.96
0.61
1.17
0.28
0.94
..
0.39
0.53

0.28
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.26
0.51
0.32
0.31
0.92
0.37
0.32
0.08
0.32
0.25
0.74
0.65
0.28
..
0.34
0.33
0.41
0.07
0.13
0.34
0.48
0.43
0.39
0.52
0.51
0.27
0.37
0.43
0.61
0.90
0.75
0.48
..
0.51
0.57

0.95
0.67
0.97
0.99
0.72
0.17
1.08
0.82
0.26
0.81

0.28
0.68
0.41
0.43
0.30
0.73
0.09
0.64
0.82
0.55

0.69
..
..
..
0.05
0.85
..
-0.17
0.25
0.54
..
..
1.12
1.01
0.58
..
0.85
0.50
0.79
1.27
-0.09
0.78
..
..
0.91
1.69
..
1.26
-0.19
1.10
..
..
1.03
-0.54
0.53
..
..
0.26

0.50
0.23
..
..
0.82
0.40
..
0.64
0.66
0.31
0.34
..
0.58
0.90
0.73
..
0.59
0.93
0.60
1.16
0.84
0.60
0.14
..
0.77
1.07
1.21
0.43
0.34
0.67
..
..
0.60
0.73
0.63
..
..
0.92

0.86
1.27
1.42
1.66
..
0.96
..
0.74
0.51
..
0.94
0.24
..
0.62
0.91

0.55
0.83
0.77
1.52
..
0.95
0.29
0.69
0.49
..
0.63
0.59
..
0.37
0.63

..
0.50
..
..
..
1.44
-0.40
1.30
0.73
0.21
1.04
-0.76
1.38
..
0.46
0.14
0.60
1.77
1.22
1.70
..
..
1.34
-0.34
-0.36
..
0.96
1.37
..
1.22
..
-1.42
1.15

1.19
1.43
..
0.45
..
0.90
1.54
0.72
0.61
0.50
0.63
0.80
0.67
..
0.49
0.36
0.65
0.45
0.87
0.96
0.81
..
1.01
0.52
0.89
2.25
0.78
1.23
..
0.79
..
1.07
1.49

..
1.47
-0.30
1.83
-0.98
0.39
1.71
..
..

..
1.75
1.26
1.44
0.92
2.19
1.62
0.92
1.21

1.47
1.21
-0.34
-0.77
..
1.94
3.31
-0.15
..
0.90
..
-1.30
1.53
..
..
0.59
1.67
-1.06
0.72
2.38
1.33
1.20
0.63
0.46
1.42
..
0.33
1.37
..
1.88
..
2.89
..
2.84
..
-0.03
..
..
1.23

1.42
1.30
1.25
0.48
2.60
1.69
3.35
1.18
..
1.22
0.73
1.08
1.17
0.25
..
2.04
0.91
0.72
1.25
1.63
1.52
1.59
0.74
0.66
2.46
..
1.08
1.08
3.35
1.50
1.52
2.13
..
2.49
..
2.29
..
..
1.79

..
0.13
-1.52
1.86

1.66
0.61
1.64
1.95

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

0.62
0.81
1.09
0.95

0.37
1.04
1.17
1.56

1.05
1.42
0.21
0.87
1.16
0.52

0.85
1.29
0.80
0.62
1.39
1.37

1.26
0.43

1.70
0.62

0.67

0.73

a decent standard

(2014) and IMF (2014).

Table 3: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index

Human
Development
Index (HDI)

HDI rank

Country
Very high human development
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Switzerland
4 Netherlands
5 United States
6 Germany
7 New Zealand
8 Canada
9 Singapore
10 Denmark
11 Ireland
12 Sweden
13 Iceland
14 United Kingdom
15 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15 Korea (Republic of)
17 Japan
18 Liechtenstein
19 Israel
20 France
21 Austria
21 Belgium
21 Luxembourg
24 Finland
25 Slovenia
26 Italy
27 Spain
28 Czech Republic
29 Greece
30 Brunei Darussalam
31 Qatar
32 Cyprus
33 Estonia

Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI)

Value

Value

Overall loss
(%)

2013

2013

2013

0.944
0.933
0.917
0.915
0.914
0.911
0.910
0.902
0.901
0.900
0.899
0.898
0.895
0.892
0.891
0.891
0.890
0.889
0.888
0.884
0.881
0.881
0.881
0.879
0.874
0.872
0.869
0.861
0.853
0.852
0.851
0.845
0.840

0.891
0.860
0.847
0.854
0.755
0.846
..
0.833
..
0.838
0.832
0.840
0.843
0.812
..
0.736
0.779
..
0.793
0.804
0.818
0.806
0.814
0.830
0.824
0.768
0.775
0.813
0.762
..
..
0.752
0.767

5.6
7.8
7.7
6.7
17.4
7.1
..
7.6
..
6.9
7.5
6.5
5.7
8.9
..
17.4
12.4
..
10.7
9.0
7.2
8.5
7.6
5.5
5.8
11.9
10.9
5.6
10.6
..
..
11.0
8.7

Saudi Arabia
Lithuania
Poland
Andorra
Slovakia
Malta
United Arab Emirates
Chile
Portugal
Hungary
Bahrain
Cuba
Kuwait
Croatia
Latvia
Argentina
High human development
50 Uruguay
51 Bahamas
51 Montenegro
53 Belarus
54 Romania
55 Libya
56 Oman
57 Russian Federation
58 Bulgaria
59 Barbados
60 Palau
61 Antigua and Barbuda
62 Malaysia
63 Mauritius
64 Trinidad and Tobago
65 Lebanon
65 Panama
67 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68 Costa Rica
69 Turkey
70 Kazakhstan
71 Mexico
71 Seychelles
73 Saint Kitts and Nevis
73 Sri Lanka
75 Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76 Azerbaijan
77 Jordan
77 Serbia
79 Brazil
79 Georgia
79 Grenada
34
35
35
37
37
39
40
41
41
43
44
44
46
47
48
49

0.836
0.834
0.834
0.830
0.830
0.829
0.827
0.822
0.822
0.818
0.815
0.815
0.814
0.812
0.810
0.808

..
0.746
0.751
..
0.778
0.760
..
0.661
0.739
0.757
..
..
..
0.721
0.725
0.680

..
10.6
9.9
..
6.3
8.3
..
19.6
10.1
7.4
..
..
..
11.2
10.6
15.8

0.790
0.789
0.789
0.786
0.785
0.784
0.783
0.778
0.777
0.776
0.775
0.774
0.773
0.771
0.766
0.765
0.765
0.764
0.763
0.759
0.757
0.756
0.756
0.750
0.750
0.749
0.747
0.745
0.745
0.744
0.744
0.744

0.662
0.676
0.733
0.726
0.702
..
..
0.685
0.692
..
..
..
..
0.662
0.649
0.606
0.596
0.613
0.611
0.639
0.667
0.583
..
..
0.643
0.498
0.659
0.607
0.663
0.542
0.636
..

16.1
14.3
7.2
7.6
10.5
..
..
12.0
11.0
..
..
..
..
14.2
15.2
20.8
22.1
19.7
19.9
15.8
11.9
22.9
..
..
14.3
33.6
11.8
18.6
10.9
27.0
14.5
..

Peru
0.737
Ukraine
0.734
Belize
0.732
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
0.732
Bosnia and Herzegovina
0.731
Armenia
0.730
Fiji
0.724
Thailand
0.722
Tunisia
0.721
China
0.719
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0.719
Algeria
0.717
Dominica
0.717
Albania
0.716
Jamaica
0.715
Saint Lucia
0.714
Colombia
0.711
Ecuador
0.711
Suriname
0.705
Tonga
0.705
Dominican Republic
0.700
Medium human development
103 Maldives
0.698
103 Mongolia
0.698
103 Turkmenistan
0.698
106 Samoa
0.694
107 Palestine, State of
0.686
108 Indonesia
0.684
109 Botswana
0.683
110 Egypt
0.682
111 Paraguay
0.676
112 Gabon
0.674
113 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
0.667
114 Moldova (Republic of)
0.663
115 El Salvador
0.662
116 Uzbekistan
0.661
117 Philippines
0.660
118 South Africa
0.658
118 Syrian Arab Republic
0.658
120 Iraq
0.642
121 Guyana
0.638
121 Viet Nam
0.638
123 Cape Verde
0.636
124 Micronesia (Federated States of)
0.630
125 Guatemala
0.628
125 Kyrgyzstan
0.628
127 Namibia
0.624
128 Timor-Leste
0.620
129 Honduras
0.617
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102

0.562
0.667
..
0.633
0.653
0.655
0.613
0.573
..
..
..
..
..
0.620
0.579
..
0.521
0.549
0.534
..
0.535

23.7
9.2
..
13.6
10.6
10.4
15.3
20.7
..
..
..
..
..
13.4
19.0
..
26.7
22.7
24.2
..
23.6

0.521
0.618
..
..
0.606
0.553
0.422
0.518
0.513
0.512
0.470
0.582
0.485
0.556
0.540
..
0.518
0.505
0.522
0.543
0.511
..
0.422
0.519
0.352
0.430
0.418

25.4
11.5
..
..
11.7
19.2
38.2
24.0
24.1
24.0
29.6
12.2
26.7
15.8
18.1
..
21.2
21.4
18.2
14.9
19.7
..
32.8
17.2
43.6
30.7
32.2

Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua
Kiribati
Tajikistan
India
Bhutan
Cambodia
Ghana
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Congo
Zambia
Bangladesh
Sao Tome and Principe
Equatorial Guinea
Low human development
145 Nepal
146 Pakistan
147 Kenya
148 Swaziland
149 Angola
150 Myanmar
151 Rwanda
152 Cameroon
152 Nigeria
154 Yemen
155 Madagascar
156 Zimbabwe
157 Papua New Guinea
157 Solomon Islands
159 Comoros
159 Tanzania (United Republic of)
161 Mauritania
162 Lesotho
163 Senegal
164 Uganda
165 Benin
166 Sudan
166 Togo
168 Haiti
169 Afghanistan
170 Djibouti
171 Cte d'Ivoire
172 Gambia
173 Ethiopia
174 Malawi
175 Liberia
176 Mali
177 Guinea-Bissau
129
131
132
133
133
135
136
136
138
139
140
141
142
142
144

0.617
0.616
0.614
0.607
0.607
0.586
0.584
0.584
0.573
0.569
0.564
0.561
0.558
0.558
0.556

0.433
..
0.452
0.416
0.491
0.418
0.465
0.440
0.394
0.430
0.391
0.365
0.396
0.384
..

29.7
..
26.4
31.5
19.2
28.6
20.4
24.7
31.3
24.5
30.7
35.0
29.1
31.2
..

0.540
0.537
0.535
0.530
0.526
0.524
0.506
0.504
0.504
0.500
0.498
0.492
0.491
0.491
0.488
0.488
0.487
0.486
0.485
0.484
0.476
0.473
0.473
0.471
0.468
0.467
0.452
0.441
0.435
0.414
0.412
0.407
0.396

0.384
0.375
0.360
0.354
0.295
..
0.338
0.339
0.300
0.336
0.346
0.358
..
0.374
..
0.356
0.315
0.313
0.326
0.335
0.311
..
0.317
0.285
0.321
0.306
0.279
..
0.307
0.282
0.273
..
0.239

28.8
30.1
32.8
33.3
44.0
..
33.2
32.8
40.3
32.8
30.5
27.2
..
23.8
..
27.1
35.3
35.6
32.9
30.8
34.6
..
32.9
39.5
31.4
34.6
38.3
..
29.4
31.9
33.8
..
39.6

Mozambique
Guinea
Burundi
Burkina Faso
Eritrea
Sierra Leone
Chad
Central African Republic
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
Niger
Other countries or territories
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

0.393
0.392
0.389
0.388
0.381
0.374
0.372
0.341
0.338
0.337

0.277
0.243
0.257
0.252
..
0.208
0.232
0.203
0.211
0.228

29.5
38.0
33.9
35.0
..
44.3
37.8
40.4
37.6
32.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Index groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

0.890
0.735
0.614
0.493

0.780
0.590
0.457
0.332

12.3
19.7
25.6
32.6

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

0.682
0.703
0.738
0.740
0.588
0.502

0.512
0.564
0.639
0.559
0.419
0.334

24.9
19.7
13.3
24.5
28.7
33.6

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

0.487
0.665

0.336
0.497

31.0
25.3

World

0.702

0.541

22.9

178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187

Notes
a. See http://hdr.undp.org for the list of surveys used to estimate inequalities.
b. Based on countries for which the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index is calculated.
c. Data refer to 2013 or the most recent year available.

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic d
Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI): HDI value adjusted for inequalities in the three basic dimensions of hum
Overall loss: Percentage difference between the IHDI and the HDI.
Difference from HDI rank: Difference in ranks on the IHDI and the HDI, calculated only for countries for

Coefficient of human inequality: Average inequality in three basic dimensions of human development.
Inequality in life expectancy: Inequality in distribution of expected length of life based on data from life
Inequality-adjusted life expectancy index: The HDI life expectancy index adjusted for inequality in dist
Inequality in education: Inequality in distribution of years of schooling based on data from household su
Inequality-adjusted education index: The HDI education index adjusted for inequality in distribution of
Inequality in income: Inequality in income distribution based on data from household surveys estimated
Inequality-adjusted income index: The HDI income index adjusted for inequality in income distribution
Quintile ratio: Ratio of the average income of the richest 20% of the population to the average income o
Palma ratio: Ratio of the richest 10% of the population's share of gross national income (GNI) divided by
Gini coefficient: Measure of the deviation of the distribution of income among individuals or households

Main data sources

Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO
Column 2: Calculated as the geometric mean of the values in columns 7, 9 and 11 using the methodolog
Column 3: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 2.
Column 4: Calculated based on data in column 2 and recalculated HDI ranks for countries for which the
Column 5: Calculated as the arithmetic mean of the values in columns 6, 8 and 10 using the methodolog
Column 6: Calculated based on abridged life tables from UNDESA (2013a).
Column 7: Calculated based on data in column 6 and the unadjusted life expectancy index.
Columns 8 and 10: Calculated based on data from the Luxembourg Income Study database, Eurostat's
Column 9: Calculated based on data in column 8 and the unadjusted education index.
Column 11: Calculated based on data in column 10 and the unadjusted income index.
Columns 12 and 13: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2013a).
Column 14: World Bank (2013a).

Coefficient
of human
inequality

Inequality in
life
expectancy

Inequalityadjusted life
expectancy
index

Value

Value

2013

2013

2013

2013

2013

0
0
-1
1
-23
1
..
-2
..
0
-1
3
5
-4
..
-20
-6
..
-4
-2
4
0
3
9
9
-1
1
9
0
..
..
-3
3

5.5
7.5
7.6
6.6
16.2
7.0
..
7.5
..
6.8
7.4
6.4
5.6
8.6
..
16.8
12.2
..
10.4
8.9
7.1
8.5
7.5
5.5
5.7
11.6
10.5
5.5
10.5
..
..
10.9
8.5

3.4
4.2
3.9
3.9
6.2
3.7
4.8
4.6
2.8
4.0
3.7
3.1
2.8
4.5
2.8
3.9
3.2
..
3.8
4.0
3.7
3.9
3.3
3.5
3.8
3.4
3.9
3.7
4.0
4.4
6.0
3.7
5.6

0.914
0.921
0.926
0.902
0.851
0.900
0.895
0.902
0.932
0.877
0.899
0.922
0.928
0.890
0.948
0.910
0.947
..
0.915
0.913
0.906
0.895
0.901
0.899
0.882
0.927
0.918
0.855
0.898
0.861
0.844
0.887
0.791

2.4
1.8
5.8
4.1
6.7
2.4
..
4.0
..
3.1
5.2
3.6
2.5
2.6
..
28.1
19.8
..
7.9
8.6
3.7
9.2
6.0
2.1
2.7
11.7
5.4
1.4
11.3
..
..
14.0
2.5

adjusted HDI (IHDI)

Difference
from HDI
rank

Inequality
in
education

Inequalityadjusted
education
index

Value
c

2013

0.888
0.910
0.795
0.857
0.830
0.863
..
0.816
..
0.846
0.841
0.800
0.826
0.838
..
0.622
0.648
..
0.786
0.745
0.765
0.738
0.716
0.798
0.840
0.697
0.751
0.854
0.707
..
..
0.668
0.837

..
-3
-2
..
9
5
..
-16
0
7
..
..
..
-2
0
-4

..
10.4
9.7
..
6.2
8.2
..
18.5
9.8
7.3
..
..
..
11.1
10.3
15.3

8.7
6.6
5.7
..
5.6
4.8
5.5
5.9
3.9
5.4
6.3
5.1
7.2
5.2
7.6
9.3

0.779
0.749
0.818
..
0.805
0.875
0.826
0.868
0.886
0.795
0.816
0.865
0.775
0.832
0.741
0.786

..
6.1
5.6
..
1.5
5.7
..
13.7
5.7
3.5
..
11.0
..
10.4
3.6
8.6

..
0.823
0.779
..
0.790
0.691
..
0.644
0.686
0.777
..
0.661
..
0.690
0.784
0.716

-8
-3
5
6
4
..
..
3
5
..
..
..
..
-2
-6
-17
-18
-10
-11
-3
9
-13
..
..
1
-34
7
-5
12
-16
4
..

15.7
14.0
7.1
7.5
10.4
..
..
11.6
10.8
..
..
..
..
14.1
15.0
20.3
21.4
19.4
19.1
15.6
11.8
22.3
..
..
14.2
32.1
11.5
18.5
10.9
26.3
14.0
..

9.2
9.4
7.6
6.8
8.8
10.1
7.0
9.8
7.9
8.1
..
8.0
4.9
9.2
16.4
6.7
12.1
12.2
7.3
11.0
16.7
10.9
7.9
..
8.3
12.5
21.7
11.9
8.5
14.5
12.9
8.4

0.799
0.770
0.779
0.716
0.755
0.765
0.809
0.666
0.759
0.783
..
0.792
0.805
0.749
0.641
0.861
0.778
0.738
0.855
0.757
0.596
0.788
0.754
..
0.766
0.728
0.611
0.730
0.761
0.709
0.728
0.744

10.9
8.0
2.5
4.8
5.0
..
..
2.1
5.8
..
12.0
..
..
13.2
6.6
24.1
16.3
17.6
15.7
14.1
5.9
21.4
..
..
14.6
37.3
8.3
22.4
10.7
24.7
3.3
..

0.635
0.657
0.754
0.781
0.710
..
..
0.764
0.706
..
0.692
..
..
0.623
0.654
0.479
0.550
0.562
0.551
0.560
0.717
0.501
..
..
0.630
0.429
0.642
0.543
0.621
0.498
0.745
..

-9
18
..
7
13
15
6
-2
..
..
..
..
..
11
1
..
-10
-3
-6
..
-4

23.4
9.1
..
13.3
10.4
10.2
15.1
20.0
..
..
..
..
..
13.4
18.6
..
25.7
22.4
23.5
..
23.4

13.9
10.4
11.4
7.6
6.7
12.7
12.3
9.8
10.6
9.8
12.9
16.7
..
9.9
15.0
9.9
13.5
13.4
13.6
13.7
16.9

0.726
0.669
0.734
0.785
0.809
0.733
0.672
0.755
0.768
0.768
0.703
0.654
..
0.796
0.700
0.760
0.719
0.752
0.678
0.699
0.683

25.6
6.1
..
10.6
5.2
3.7
10.5
16.1
..
..
..
..
..
11.9
10.6
..
22.1
21.6
19.5
..
24.0

0.494
0.747
..
0.574
0.621
0.675
0.686
0.510
..
..
..
..
..
0.536
0.598
..
0.469
0.466
0.474
..
0.449

-7
16
..
..
13
5
-21
-5
-5
-5
-10
16
-7
14
10
..
4
0
10
15
4
..
-8
10
-22
-3
-6

24.2
11.4
..
..
11.7
19.1
36.5
22.8
23.7
24.0
29.4
12.0
26.2
15.3
18.0
..
20.8
21.2
18.0
14.9
19.4
..
32.0
16.9
39.3
29.4
31.1

8.1
16.6
26.0
13.3
13.1
16.4
21.9
13.4
19.2
28.0
24.5
11.0
14.5
24.3
15.2
25.7
12.6
17.6
19.2
12.1
12.0
19.8
17.4
20.0
21.7
22.8
17.0

0.819
0.610
0.517
0.709
0.711
0.654
0.533
0.682
0.650
0.482
0.549
0.670
0.692
0.562
0.635
0.422
0.734
0.626
0.575
0.757
0.746
0.604
0.662
0.585
0.536
0.565
0.687

41.2
5.2
..
..
6.9
23.2
32.1
40.9
17.2
23.5
27.6
6.1
30.2
1.4
13.5
18.1
31.5
29.8
10.5
18.0
18.2
..
36.1
6.6
27.8
47.6
29.6

0.322
0.658
..
..
0.617
0.463
0.420
0.339
0.486
0.451
0.488
0.614
0.386
0.642
0.528
0.569
0.379
0.328
0.521
0.421
0.395
..
0.309
0.613
0.376
0.248
0.356

0
..
4
-4
9
0
9
7
-1
8
0
-4
4
0
..

28.5
..
25.8
30.1
18.8
27.7
20.2
24.6
31.2
24.1
30.6
34.5
28.7
30.4
..

16.8
15.4
13.2
20.6
29.3
25.0
22.2
25.3
30.8
21.5
36.0
37.2
20.1
26.9
44.4

0.652
0.672
0.732
0.597
0.514
0.536
0.578
0.597
0.438
0.583
0.382
0.368
0.623
0.521
0.283

45.8
..
33.3
21.4
12.2
42.1
13.3
28.3
35.6
34.1
25.4
23.8
37.8
20.0
..

0.254
..
0.323
0.473
0.561
0.274
0.365
0.355
0.356
0.287
0.381
0.451
0.278
0.375
..

3
2
0
-2
-17
..
-4
-2
-14
-2
2
7
..
11
..
8
-2
-2
3
5
0
..
4
-3
7
2
-2
..
5
1
-1
..
-4

27.8
28.7
32.7
33.1
43.6
..
33.1
32.4
40.2
31.7
30.3
26.8
..
23.8
..
26.9
34.6
34.9
32.3
30.8
34.2
..
32.6
38.9
30.0
33.7
37.9
..
28.0
31.6
32.8
..
39.4

21.1
29.9
31.5
35.0
46.2
27.1
30.2
39.4
40.8
30.3
24.8
26.8
26.5
22.3
34.2
30.4
36.6
33.5
29.5
33.8
37.0
32.8
36.8
27.9
34.3
32.5
40.2
34.8
30.2
40.0
33.1
45.6
45.3

0.588
0.502
0.440
0.290
0.264
0.507
0.473
0.327
0.296
0.462
0.517
0.449
0.480
0.570
0.414
0.445
0.405
0.301
0.471
0.399
0.381
0.435
0.355
0.478
0.414
0.434
0.283
0.389
0.469
0.326
0.417
0.293
0.289

44.0
45.2
30.7
26.8
34.6
19.4
29.4
34.8
45.2
47.2
30.1
17.8
11.5
22.8
47.4
29.5
45.9
24.3
44.6
31.2
42.0
..
37.6
40.4
45.0
47.0
45.4
..
44.3
30.2
46.4
36.9
40.3

0.253
0.204
0.357
0.404
0.310
0.299
0.338
0.317
0.233
0.179
0.320
0.411
0.333
0.313
0.237
0.300
0.191
0.382
0.204
0.329
0.240
..
0.321
0.223
0.201
0.162
0.213
..
0.176
0.307
0.197
0.193
0.194

2
-1
2
2
..
-3
1
-2
1
3

28.9
37.8
32.6
34.6
..
43.6
36.8
39.9
36.8
31.8

40.2
40.3
43.6
41.1
24.7
51.2
46.1
45.7
49.9
37.9

0.278
0.332
0.296
0.329
0.496
0.192
0.259
0.252
0.231
0.367

18.2
42.0
41.0
38.5
..
48.7
43.4
45.9
29.4
39.5

0.304
0.171
0.218
0.154
..
0.156
0.145
0.172
0.262
0.120

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

15.4
..
..
..
..
42.1
40.8
..

0.651
..
..
..
..
0.312
0.321
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
10.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

12.0
19.3
25.2
32.4

4.9
10.7
21.9
35.0

0.881
0.749
0.575
0.394

8.7
17.4
35.1
38.2

0.769
0.531
0.331
0.241

24.2
19.5
13.2
23.9
28.0
33.5

17.4
11.7
14.2
13.2
24.4
36.6

0.639
0.734
0.676
0.733
0.549
0.359

38.0
19.7
8.6
22.2
41.6
35.7

0.334
0.477
0.639
0.502
0.274
0.276

30.9
24.9

32.3
18.5

0.433
0.626

35.6
22.1

0.253
0.433

22.8

17.3

0.647

27.0

0.433

ment Index is calculated.

ge achievement in three basic dimensions of human developmenta long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard o
e three basic dimensions of human development. See Technical note 2 at http://hdr.undp.org/en for details on how the IHDI is

calculated only for countries for which the IHDI is calculated.

nsions of human development. See Technical note 2 at http://hdr.undp.org/en .

h of life based on data from life tables estimated using the Atkinson inequality index.
ex adjusted for inequality in distribution of expected length of life based on data from life tables listed in Main data sources .
ased on data from household surveys estimated using the Atkinson inequality index.
d for inequality in distribution of years of schooling based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources .
m household surveys estimated using the Atkinson inequality index.
nequality in income distribution based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources .
ulation to the average income of the poorest 20% of the population.
national income (GNI) divided by the poorest 40%'s share. It is based on the work of Palma (2011), who found that middle class
mong individuals or households within a country from a perfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, a

Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014).
, 9 and 11 using the methodology in Technical note 2 at http://hdr.undp.org/en .

anks for countries for which the IHDI is calculated.

8 and 10 using the methodology in Technical note 2 http://hdr.undp.org/en.

expectancy index.
ome Study database, Eurostat's European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, the World Bank's International Inc
ucation index.
ncome index.

Income inequality

Inequality
in income

%
2013

10.7
16.6
13.2
11.8
35.6
14.8
..
13.9
..
13.3
13.3
12.4
11.6
18.8
..
18.4
13.5
..
19.6
14.2
13.8
12.3
13.1
10.8
10.6
19.8
22.1
11.3
16.2
..
..
14.9
17.4

Inequalityadjusted
income
index

Quintile
ratio

Palma
ratio

Gini
coefficient

2013

20032012

20032012

2003-2012

0.871
0.760
0.824
0.806
0.609
0.781
..
0.785
..
0.794
0.761
0.803
0.783
0.719
..
0.704
0.772
..
0.693
0.765
0.789
0.792
0.837
0.798
0.755
0.701
0.673
0.737
0.697
..
..
0.719
0.681

..
..
..
5.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
7.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4.8
..
..
..
..
..
13.3
..
6.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

25.8
..
33.7
30.9
40.8
28.3
..
32.6
..
..
34.3
25.0
..
36.0
..
..
..
..
39.2
..
29.2
33.0
30.8
26.9
31.2
36.0
34.7
..
34.3
..
41.1
..
36.0

Value
c

..
18.6
17.9
..
11.5
14.1
..
36.0
19.9
13.1
..
..
..
17.6
19.8
28.1

..
0.673
0.666
..
0.740
0.727
..
0.516
0.664
0.703
..
..
..
0.653
0.654
0.560

..
6.7
5.2
..
3.6
..
..
13.5
..
4.8
..
..
..
5.2
6.0
11.3

..
1.6
1.3
..
0.9
..
..
3.5
..
1.2
..
..
..
1.4
1.4
2.4

..
37.6
32.7
..
26.0
..
..
52.1
..
31.2
..
..
..
33.7
34.8
44.5

27.1
24.5
11.3
11.1
17.3
..
..
22.9
18.8
..
23.0
..
..
19.8
21.9
30.0
35.8
28.4
34.3
21.8
12.7
34.6
..
..
19.6
46.6
4.5
21.1
13.5
39.7
25.9
..

0.573
0.612
0.669
0.685
0.645
..
..
0.631
0.618
..
0.565
..
..
0.621
0.653
0.538
0.494
0.556
0.483
0.616
0.695
0.500
..
..
0.550
0.395
0.730
0.564
0.618
0.452
0.474
..

10.3
..
4.3
3.8
4.1
..
..
7.3
4.3
..
..
..
11.3
..
..
..
17.1
11.5
14.5
8.3
4.2
10.7
18.8
..
5.8
7.0
5.3
5.7
4.6
20.6
9.5
..

2.5
..
1.0
0.9
1.0
..
..
1.9
1.0
..
..
..
2.6
..
..
..
3.6
2.4
3.3
1.9
1.1
2.7
6.4
..
1.6
1.7
1.4
1.5
1.1
4.3
2.1
..

45.3
..
28.6
26.5
27.4
..
..
40.1
28.2
..
..
..
46.2
..
..
..
51.9
44.8
50.7
40.0
29.0
47.2
65.8
..
36.4
38.3
33.7
35.4
29.6
54.7
42.1
..

30.6
10.9
37.9
21.8
19.2
14.3
22.6
34.0
..
29.5
..
..
..
18.3
30.1
..
41.5
32.1
37.3
..
29.3

0.495
0.593
0.426
0.563
0.555
0.567
0.500
0.488
..
0.505
..
..
..
0.558
0.465
..
0.420
0.472
0.475
..
0.500

13.5
3.6
17.6
10.0
6.5
4.6
8.0
6.9
6.4
10.1
..
..
..
5.3
9.6
..
20.1
12.5
17.9
..
11.3

2.9
0.9
..
2.3
1.5
1.2
2.2
1.8
1.5
2.1
..
..
..
1.4
..
..
4.5
3.1
..
..
2.7

48.1
25.6
53.1
43.6
36.2
31.3
42.8
39.4
36.1
42.1
..
..
..
34.5
45.5
..
55.9
49.3
52.9
..
47.2

23.2
12.3
..
..
15.0
17.7
55.5
14.2
34.6
20.4
36.1
18.9
34.0
20.1
25.2
..
18.3
16.1
24.4
14.6
28.0
63.1
42.5
24.1
68.3
17.8
46.8

0.535
0.588
..
..
0.507
0.559
0.336
0.602
0.428
0.617
0.388
0.480
0.427
0.478
0.470
..
0.500
0.626
0.474
0.502
0.452
0.201
0.367
0.391
0.216
0.568
0.299

6.8
6.2
..
..
5.8
6.3
..
4.4
17.3
7.8
27.8
5.3
14.3
6.2
8.3
25.3
5.7
4.6
..
5.9
..
..
19.6
5.4
21.8
..
29.7

..
1.6
..
..
1.5
1.7
..
1.2
3.7
2.0
4.8
1.3
3.0
1.6
2.2
7.1
..
1.2
..
1.5
..
..
4.5
1.3
..
..
5.2

37.4
36.5
..
..
35.5
38.1
..
30.8
52.4
41.5
56.3
33.0
48.3
36.7
43.0
63.1
35.8
30.9
..
35.6
50.5
61.1
55.9
33.4
63.9
..
57.0

23.0
18.5
31.0
48.4
15.0
16.1
25.1
20.3
27.2
16.8
30.3
42.6
28.3
44.2
..

0.493
0.404
0.391
0.255
0.409
0.500
0.477
0.401
0.392
0.474
0.410
0.292
0.357
0.290
..

7.3
..
7.6
..
4.7
5.0
6.8
5.6
9.3
5.9
10.7
17.4
4.7
..
..

2.0
..
1.9
..
1.2
1.4
1.7
1.5
2.2
1.6
2.8
4.8
1.3
..
..

40.9
..
40.5
..
30.8
33.9
38.1
36.0
42.8
36.7
47.3
57.5
32.1
50.8
..

18.3
11.0
36.0
37.6
50.0
..
39.6
23.1
34.5
17.6
36.1
35.8
..
26.3
..
20.9
21.2
47.0
22.7
27.3
23.6
..
23.5
48.4
10.8
21.7
28.1
26.9
9.5
24.6
19.0
..
32.5

0.381
0.516
0.297
0.378
0.313
..
0.241
0.377
0.394
0.457
0.250
0.249
..
0.293
..
0.339
0.404
0.267
0.359
0.285
0.329
..
0.280
0.218
0.397
0.406
0.361
0.303
0.351
0.224
0.247
..
0.244

5.0
4.2
11.0
14.0
9.0
..
11.0
6.9
12.2
6.3
9.3
..
..
..
26.7
6.6
7.8
19.0
7.7
8.7
6.6
6.2
7.6
..
4.0
..
8.5
11.0
5.3
8.9
7.0
5.2
..

1.3
1.2
2.8
3.5
2.2
..
3.2
1.8
3.0
1.7
2.3
..
..
..
..
1.7
1.9
3.9
1.9
2.3
1.8
1.4
1.8
..
1.0
..
2.0
2.8
1.4
2.3
1.7
1.3
..

32.8
30.0
47.7
51.5
42.7
..
50.8
38.9
48.8
37.7
44.1
..
..
..
64.3
37.6
40.5
52.5
40.3
44.3
38.6
35.3
39.3
59.2
27.8
40.0
41.5
47.3
33.6
43.9
38.2
33.0
35.5

28.4
31.1
13.2
24.2
..
31.0
21.0
28.1
31.2
17.9

0.250
0.253
0.264
0.318
..
0.302
0.332
0.192
0.155
0.269

9.8
7.3
4.8
7.0
..
5.6
7.4
18.0
9.3
5.3

2.5
1.8
1.3
1.9
..
1.5
1.8
4.5
2.4
1.4

45.7
39.4
33.3
39.8
..
35.4
39.8
56.3
44.4
34.6

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
70.0
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
45.5
..

22.4
29.9
18.6
23.9

0.702
0.517
0.502
0.387

17.3
27.0
16.9
36.3
18.0
28.1

0.629
0.513
0.605
0.474
0.489
0.375

24.7
34.2

0.348
0.452

24.1

0.564

and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/en for

tails on how the IHDI is calculated.

Main data sources .

data sources .

found that middle class incomes almost always account for about half of GNI
ents absolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality.

(2014) and IMF (2014).

Bank's International Income Distribution Database, United Nations Children's

4: Gender Inequality Index

Gender Inequality
Index

Value
HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus

2013

0.068
0.113
0.030
0.057
0.262
0.046
0.185
0.136
0.090
0.056
0.115
0.054
0.088
0.193
..
0.101
0.138
..
0.101
0.080
0.056
0.068
0.154
0.075
0.021
0.067
0.100
0.087
0.146
..
0.524
0.136

Rank
2013

9
19
2
7
47
3
34
23
15
5
20
4
14
35
..
17
25
..
17
12
5
9
29
11
1
8
16
13
27
..
113
23

Maternal mortality ratio

Adolescent birth rate

(deaths per 100,000 live births)

(births per 1,000 women

aged 15-19)

2010

2010/2015

7
7
8
6
21
7
15
12
3
12
6
4
5
12
..
16
5
..
7
8
4
8
20
5
12
4
6
5
3
24
7
10

7.8
12.1
1.9
6.2
31.0
3.8
25.3
14.5
6.0
5.1
8.2
6.5
11.5
25.8
3.3
2.2
5.4
..
7.8
5.7
4.1
6.7
8.3
9.2
0.6
4.0
10.6
4.9
11.9
23.0
9.5
5.5

Share of seats in
parliament

(% held by women)
a

2013

39.6
29.2
27.2
37.8
18.2
32.4
32.2
28.0
24.2
39.1
19.5
44.7
39.7
22.6
..
15.7
10.8
20.0
22.5
25.1
28.7
38.9
21.7
42.5
24.6
30.6
35.2
20.6
21.0
..
0.1
10.7

Population with at least some secondary education

Labour Force
Participation rate

(% aged 25 and above)

(% aged 15 and
above)

Female
2005-2012

97.4
94.3
95.0
87.7
95.1
96.3
95.0
100.0
74.1
95.5
80.5
86.5
91.0
99.8
72.2
77.0
87.0
..
84.4
78.0
100.0
77.5
100.0
100.0
95.8
71.2
66.8
99.9
59.5
66.6
66.7
72.2

Male
b

2005-2012

96.7
94.6
96.6
90.5
94.8
97.0
95.3
100.0
81.0
96.6
78.6
87.3
91.6
99.9
79.2
89.1
85.8
..
87.3
83.2
100.0
82.9
100.0
100.0
98.0
80.5
73.1
99.7
67.0
61.2
59.0
79.6

Female

Male

2012

2012

61.5
58.8
61.2
79.9
56.8
53.5
62.1
61.6
59.0
59.1
52.7
60.2
70.6
55.7
51.6
49.9
48.1
..
58.1
50.9
54.6
46.9
50.7
56.0
52.3
39.4
52.6
50.1
44.2
52.9
50.8
55.8

69.5
71.9
75.3
87.3
69.3
66.4
73.9
71.2
77.5
67.5
67.9
68.1
77.3
68.8
68.0
72.0
70.4
..
69.5
61.8
67.7
59.4
64.9
64.3
63.5
59.4
66.5
67.8
62.6
75.6
95.6
70.8

33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil

0.154
0.321
0.116
0.139
..
0.164
0.220
0.244
0.355
0.116
0.247
0.253
0.350
0.288
0.172
0.222
0.381

29
56
21
26
..
32
41
43
68
21
45
46
66
50
33
42
74

0.364
0.316
..
0.152
0.320
0.215
0.348
0.314
0.207
0.350
..
..
0.210
0.375
0.321
0.413
0.506
0.464
0.344
0.360
0.323
0.376
..
..
0.383
0.510
0.340
0.488
..
0.441

70
53
..
28
54
40
64
52
38
66
..
..
39
72
56
80
107
96
63
69
59
73
..
..
75
109
62
101
..
85

2
24
8
5
..
6
8
12
25
8
21
20
73
14
17
34
77

16.8
10.2
10.6
12.2
..
15.9
18.2
27.6
55.3
12.6
12.1
13.8
43.1
14.5
12.7
13.5
54.4

20.8
19.9
24.1
21.8
50.0
18.7
14.3
17.5
13.9
28.7
8.8
18.8
48.9
6.2
23.8
23.0
37.7

29
47
8
4
27
58
32
34
11
51
..
..
29
60
46
25
92
92
40
20
51
50
..
..
35
21
43
63
12
56

58.3
28.5
15.2
20.6
31.0
2.5
10.6
25.7
35.9
48.4
..
49.3
5.7
30.9
34.8
12.0
78.5
83.2
60.8
30.9
29.9
63.4
56.3
..
16.9
31.6
40.0
26.5
16.9
70.8

12.3
16.7
17.3
29.5
11.6
16.5
9.6
12.1
24.6
21.6
10.3
19.4
13.9
18.8
26.0
3.1
8.5
17.0
38.6
14.2
18.2
36.0
43.8
6.7
5.8
3.1
16.0
12.0
33.2
9.6

100.0
60.5
89.1
79.4
49.5
99.1
68.6
73.1
73.3
47.7
97.9
74.4
73.9
55.6
85.0
98.9
57.0
54.4
91.2
84.2
87.0
86.1
55.6
47.2
89.6
93.0
89.5
..
..
66.0
49.4
59.4
38.8
63.5
56.5
54.5
39.0
99.3
55.7
66.9
..
72.7
62.2
93.7
69.5
58.4
51.9

d
e
e

100.0
70.3
94.3
85.5
49.3
99.5
78.2
61.3
76.4
48.2
98.7
80.4
80.4
56.3
93.6
99.0
54.9
50.3
87.6
94.7
92.2
92.0
44.0
57.1
92.5
95.7
87.6
..
..
72.8
58.0
59.2
38.9
60.7
50.8
52.8
60.0
99.4
60.6
66.6
..
75.5
67.6
97.4
78.5
73.6
49.0

d
e
e

56.0
18.2
55.8
48.9
..
51.0
38.0
46.6
49.0
55.4
44.7
39.4
43.3
43.4
44.8
54.5
47.3

68.7
75.5
66.3
64.8
..
68.7
66.5
91.0
74.6
67.2
59.9
87.2
70.1
82.8
58.5
67.1
75.0

55.5
69.3
..
49.9
48.5
30.0
28.6
57.0
47.8
65.9
..
..
44.3
43.5
52.9
22.8
49.0
50.9
46.4
29.4
67.5
45.0
..
..
35.0
16.4
62.5
15.3
..
59.5

76.8
79.3
..
62.7
64.7
76.4
81.8
71.4
58.8
76.7
..
..
75.3
74.3
75.5
70.5
81.9
79.2
79.0
70.8
77.5
80.0
..
..
76.4
73.1
68.9
66.2
..
80.9

79
79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125

Georgia
..
Grenada
..
Peru
0.387
Ukraine
0.326
Belize
0.435
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
0.162
Bosnia and Herzegovina
0.201
Armenia
0.325
Fiji
..
Thailand
0.364
Tunisia
0.265
China
0.202
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
Algeria
0.425
Dominica
..
Albania
0.245
Jamaica
0.457
Saint Lucia
..
Colombia
0.460
Ecuador
0.429
Suriname
0.463
Tonga
0.458
Dominican Republic
0.505
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
0.283
Mongolia
0.320
Turkmenistan
..
Samoa
0.517
Palestine, State of
..
Indonesia
0.500
Botswana
0.486
Egypt
0.580
Paraguay
0.457
Gabon
0.508
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
0.472
Moldova (Republic of)
0.302
El Salvador
0.441
Uzbekistan
..
Philippines
0.406
South Africa
0.461
Syrian Arab Republic
0.556
Iraq
0.542
Guyana
0.524
Viet Nam
0.322
Cape Verde
..
Micronesia (Federated States of)
..
Guatemala
0.523
Kyrgyzstan
0.348

..
..
77
61
84
31
36
60
..
70
48
37
..
81
..
44
88
..
92
82
95
90
105
49
54
..
111
..
103
100
130
88
108
97
51
85
..
78
94
125
120
113
58
..
..
112
64

67
24
67
32
53
10
8
30
26
48
56
37
48
97
..
27
110
35
92
110
130
110
150

46.8
35.4
50.7
25.7
71.4
18.3
15.1
27.1
42.8
41.0
4.6
8.6
54.5
10.0
..
15.3
70.1
56.3
68.5
77.0
35.2
18.1
99.6

12.0
25.0
21.5
9.4
13.3
34.1
19.3
10.7
..
15.7
26.7
23.4
13.0
25.8
12.5
17.9
15.5
17.2
13.6
38.7
11.8
3.6
19.1

60
63
67
100
64
220
160
66
99
230
190
41
81
28
99
300
70
63
280
59
79
100
120
71

4.2
18.7
18.0
28.3
45.8
48.3
44.2
43.0
67.0
103.0
71.9
29.3
76.0
38.8
46.8
50.9
41.6
68.7
88.5
29.0
70.6
18.6
97.2
29.3

6.5
14.9
16.8
4.1
..
18.6
7.9
2.8
18.4
16.7
30.1
19.8
26.2
19.2
26.9
41.1
12.0
25.2
31.3
24.4
20.8
0.1
13.3
23.3

..
..
56.3
91.5
35.2
40.2
44.8
94.1
57.5
35.7
32.8
58.7
..
20.9
29.7
81.8
74.0
..
56.9
40.1
44.6
87.5
55.6
13.3
85.3
..
64.3
31.5
39.9
73.6
43.4
36.8
53.8
47.6
93.6
36.8
..
65.9
72.7
29.0
22.0
61.5
59.4
..
..
21.9
94.5

e
e

e
e

e
e

..
..
66.1
96.1
32.8
55.6
70.0
94.8
58.1
40.8
46.1
71.9
..
27.3
23.2
87.9
71.1
..
55.6
39.4
47.1
88.3
53.1
16.6
84.1
..
60.0
32.2
49.2
77.3
59.3
40.8
34.7
59.1
96.6
43.6
..
63.8
75.9
38.9
42.7
48.8
71.2
..
..
23.2
96.8

e
e

e
e

e
e

56.2
..
68.0
53.0
49.1
42.9
34.1
51.6
37.5
64.4
25.1
63.8
55.7
15.0
..
45.0
56.1
62.6
55.7
54.4
40.4
53.5
51.2

74.7
..
84.4
66.6
82.3
67.3
57.2
73.4
72.0
80.8
70.6
78.1
78.2
71.9
..
65.4
71.0
76.0
79.7
82.6
68.8
74.8
78.7

55.9
56.1
46.7
23.4
15.2
51.3
71.8
23.6
55.4
56.0
64.1
37.0
47.6
47.9
51.0
44.2
13.4
14.7
42.3
72.8
51.1
..
49.1
55.7

77.1
68.8
76.5
58.4
66.3
84.4
81.5
74.6
84.8
65.1
80.9
43.3
79.0
75.2
79.7
60.0
72.7
69.7
80.9
81.9
83.5
..
88.2
79.0

127
Namibia
128
Timor-Leste
129
Honduras
129
Morocco
131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166
168
169
170
171

Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo
Haiti
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Cte d'Ivoire

0.450
..
0.482
0.460
..
0.458
..
0.383
0.563
0.495
0.505
0.549
0.534
0.617
0.617
0.529
..
..

87
..
99
92
..
90
..
75
127
102
105
123
118
135
135
115
..
..

0.479
0.563
0.548
0.529
..
0.430
0.410
0.622
..
0.733
..
0.516
0.617
..
..
0.553
0.644
0.557
0.537
0.529
0.614
0.628
0.579
0.599
0.705
..
0.645

98
127
122
115
..
83
79
138
..
152
..
110
135
..
..
124
142
126
119
115
134
140
129
132
150
..
143

200
300
100
100
110
95
..
65
200
180
250
350
470
560
440
240
70
240

54.9
52.2
84.0
35.8
44.8
100.8
16.6
42.8
32.8
40.9
44.3
58.4
65.0
126.7
125.4
80.6
65.1
112.6

25.0
38.5
19.5
11.0
0.1
40.2
8.7
17.5
10.9
6.9
18.1
10.9
25.0
9.6
11.5
19.7
18.2
18.8

170
260
360
320
450
200
340
690
630
200
240
570
230
93
280
460
510
620
370
310
350
730
300
350
460
200
400

73.7
27.3
93.6
72.0
170.2
12.1
33.6
115.8
119.6
47.0
122.8
60.3
62.1
64.9
51.1
122.7
73.3
89.4
94.4
126.6
90.2
84.0
91.5
42.0
86.8
18.6
130.3

33.2
19.7
19.9
21.9
34.1
4.6
51.9
16.1
6.6
0.7
15.8
35.1
2.7
2.0
3.0
36.0
19.2
26.8
42.7
35.0
8.4
24.1
15.4
3.5
27.6
12.7
10.4

33.0
..
28.0
20.1
..
30.8
..
89.9
26.6
34.0
9.9
45.2
22.9
43.8
25.7
30.8
..
..

17.9
19.3
25.3
49.9
..
18.0
7.4
21.1
..
7.6
..
48.8
6.8
..
..
5.6
8.0
21.9
7.2
22.9
11.2
12.8
15.3
22.5
5.8
..
13.7

e
e
e
e

e
e
e

e
e

e
e
e
e
e

34.0
..
25.8
36.3
..
44.7
..
95.0
50.4
34.5
22.2
64.7
36.8
48.7
44.2
39.3
..
..

39.9
46.1
31.4
46.1
..
17.6
8.0
34.9
..
24.4
..
62.0
14.1
..
..
9.2
20.8
19.8
15.4
33.5
25.6
18.2
45.1
36.3
34.0
..
29.9

e
e
e
e

e
e
e

e
e

e
e
e
e
e

75.2
24.7
42.5
43.0
61.5
47.0
..
58.7
28.8
66.4
78.9
67.2
76.3
68.4
73.2
57.3
44.9
80.6

82.2
51.1
82.9
57.4
80.3
80.1
..
76.9
80.9
76.9
86.5
71.2
78.9
72.9
85.7
84.1
77.5
92.3

54.3
24.4
62.0
43.8
63.1
85.7
86.5
63.6
48.1
25.2
86.8
83.2
70.5
53.4
35.0
88.1
28.6
58.8
65.9
75.9
67.5
31.2
80.7
60.6
15.7
36.1
52.2

63.2
82.9
72.2
71.3
76.9
82.9
85.5
76.7
63.5
71.8
90.6
89.7
74.0
79.1
80.2
90.2
79.0
73.3
88.0
79.3
78.3
76.0
81.2
70.8
79.7
67.3
81.5

172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

0.624
0.547
0.591
0.655
0.673
..
0.657
..
0.501
0.607
..
0.643
0.707
0.654
0.669
0.674

139
121
131
145
148
..
146
..
104
133
..
141
151
144
147
149

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

0.197
0.315
0.513
0.587

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

0.546
0.331
0.317
0.416
0.539
0.578

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

0.570
0.478

World

0.451

NOTES
a. Data are annual average of projected values for 2010-2015.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.

alues for 2010-2015.

able during the period specified.

360
350
460
770
540
790
490
610
800
300
240
890
1,100
890
540
590

115.8
78.4
144.8
117.4
175.6
99.3
137.8
131.0
30.3
115.4
65.3
100.7
152.0
98.3
135.3
204.8

7.5
25.5
22.3
11.7
10.2
14.0
39.2
..
34.9
15.7
22.0
12.4
14.9
12.5
8.3
13.3

81
..
..
..
..
1,000
..
..

0.6
..
..
..
..
110.4
75.3
..

15.6
3.0
20.8
5.3
18.3
13.8
24.3
6.7

16
42
186
427

19.2
28.8
43.4
92.3

26.7
18.8
17.5
20.0

164
72
31
74
202
474

45.4
21.2
30.8
68.3
38.7
109.7

13.8
18.7
18.2
25.3
17.8
21.7

389
195

97.0
61.5

20.3
23.0

145

47.4

21.1

16.9
7.8
10.4
15.7
7.7
..
1.5
..
5.2
0.9
..
9.5
1.7
10.3
10.7
44.5

e
e

31.4
18.2
20.4
39.2
15.1
..
6.0
..
9.3
3.2
..
20.4
9.9
26.2
36.2
49.5

e
e

72.2
78.2
84.7
58.2
50.6
68.1
26.3
65.5
83.2
77.1
79.9
65.7
64.0
72.5
70.7
39.9

83.0
89.4
81.3
64.7
81.4
78.5
75.8
78.3
81.8
90.1
89.8
68.9
79.2
85.1
73.2
89.8

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

72.3
..
..
..
..
37.2
..
..

84.2
..
..
..
..
75.6
..
..

86.1
60.2
34.2
14.9

87.7
69.1
51.4
29.6

52.3
57.1
38.7
55.7

69.0
77.1
80.0
78.4

32.9
54.6
70.4
53.3
28.4
22.9

46.4
66.4
80.6
53.9
49.9
32.9

24.7
62.8
45.5
53.7
30.7
63.6

73.2
79.3
70.2
79.8
80.7
76.3

16.5
50.4

27.2
55.2

64.0
52.8

81.6
73.3

54.2

64.2

50.6

76.7

c. Refers to population ages 25-64.

d. Refers to population ages 25-74.
e. Barro and Lee (2013) estimate for 2010 based on data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
f. For calculating the Gender Inequality Index, a value of 0.1% was used.
g. The figure does not include the 36 special rotating delegates appointed on an ad hoc basis.
h. The estimate refers to 2012.
i. Refers to an earlier year than that specified.

DEFINITIONS
Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure reflecting inequality in achievement between women and me
Maternal mortality ratio: Number of deaths due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
Adolescent birth rate: Number of births to women ages 1519 per 1,000 women ages 1519.

Share of seats in national parliament: Proportion of seats held by women in a lower/ single house or /and a
legislative systems, the share of seats is calculated based on both houses.
Population with at least some secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older who
Labour force participation rate: Proportion of a countrys working-age population (ages 15 and older) that e

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Column 1: HDRO calculations based on UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Group (2013), UNDESA (2013a), IP
Column 2: HDRO calculations
Column 3: UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Group (2013)
Column 4: UNDESA (2013a).
Column 5: IPU (2013).
Columns 6 and 7: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
Columns 8 and 9: ILO (2013a)

based on data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's Institute for Statistics.
dex, a value of 0.1% was used.
ial rotating delegates appointed on an ad hoc basis.

easure reflecting inequality in achievement between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labou
hs due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
o women ages 1519 per 1,000 women ages 1519.

Proportion of seats held by women in a lower/ single house or /and an upper house/ senate expressed as percentage of total seats. For coun
alculated based on both houses.
ry education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older who have reached (but not necessarily completed) a secondary level of educ
on of a countrys working-age population (ages 15 and older) that engages in the labour market, either by working or actively looking for wor

N Maternal Mortality Estimation Group (2013), UNDESA (2013a), IPU (2013), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013)

ation's Institute for Statistics.

sions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market. See Technical

enate expressed as percentage of total seats. For countries with bicameral

ut not necessarily completed) a secondary level of education.

our market, either by working or actively looking for work, expressed as a

and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and ILO (2013a).

Table 5: Gender-related development index (GDI)

Gender-related development index
Female to male ratio
of HDI
Country
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta

HDI ranks

GDI rank

2013

0.997
0.975
0.953
0.968
0.995
0.962
0.971
0.986
0.967
0.989
0.965
1.004
0.982
0.993
0.969
0.940
0.951
..
0.984
0.989
0.935
0.977
0.961
1.006
1.006
0.962
0.985
0.969
0.959
0.981
0.979
0.940
1.042
0.897
1.036
1.010
..
1.000
0.954

5
40
76
51
7
61
47
24
52
17
56
6
30
13
49
85
79
..
29
17
91
38
66
8
8
61
25
49
69
31
32
85
70
112
58
14
..
1
75

Gender-related development index

Human development index value

Life expectancy at birth

Female

Male

Female

Male

2013

2013

2013

2013

0.940
0.920
0.895
0.899
0.911
0.892
0.896
0.893
0.878
0.895
0.881
0.898
0.883
0.887
0.874
0.860
0.863
..
0.879
0.878
0.834
0.866
0.861
0.881
0.876
0.852
0.861
0.844
0.833
0.839
0.838
0.817
0.856
0.773
0.848
0.837
..
0.829
0.807

0.943
0.944
0.939
0.929
0.915
0.928
0.923
0.906
0.908
0.906
0.913
0.894
0.899
0.894
0.902
0.915
0.907
..
0.893
0.888
0.892
0.887
0.896
0.876
0.871
0.886
0.874
0.871
0.868
0.856
0.856
0.869
0.821
0.861
0.818
0.828
..
0.829
0.846

83.6
84.8
84.9
82.9
81.3
83.1
83.0
83.6
84.7
81.5
82.9
83.9
83.9
82.5
86.4
84.8
87.0
..
83.6
85.2
83.6
83.1
83.0
83.7
82.8
85.0
85.3
80.7
83.1
80.5
79.5
81.8
79.6
77.6
78.2
80.5
..
79.2
82.0

79.4
80.3
80.2
79.1
76.5
78.3
79.2
79.3
79.8
77.3
78.6
79.7
80.3
78.6
80.4
78.1
80.1
..
79.9
78.3
78.5
78.0
78.0
77.4
76.4
79.6
78.9
74.6
78.4
76.7
77.8
77.9
69.1
73.9
66.0
72.3
..
71.5
77.5

Mean years of schooling

(years)
Female
2002-2012

12.7
12.5
11.5
11.6
13.0
12.6
12.5
12.3
9.7
11.9
11.7
11.8
10.8
12.8
9.8
11.1
11.2
..
12.6
10.9
8.9
10.5
10.9
10.3
11.8
9.7
9.5
12.1
9.9
8.6
10.1
10.7
12.3
8.0
12.3
11.9
..
11.6
9.5

Expected years of schooling

(years)

Male
c

2000-2012

12.6
13.1
13.1
12.2
12.9
13.3
12.6
12.2
10.7
12.3
11.5
11.4
10.0
11.8
10.3
12.5
11.8
..
12.5
11.4
10.6
10.7
11.7
10.2
12.0
10.6
9.7
12.5
10.4
8.8
8.7
12.6
11.7
9.2
12.4
11.7
..
11.5
10.3

Female
c

2000-2012

18.2
20.3
15.6
18.0
17.4
16.2
20.2
16.2
15.5
17.6
18.5
16.6
19.9
16.7
15.3
16.1
15.1
13.8
16.1
16.3
15.9
16.5
14.0
17.6
17.9
16.8
17.5
16.9
16.6
14.9
14.0
14.0
17.5
15.9
17.3
16.3
..
15.6
14.7

Male
c

2000-2012

16.9
19.4
15.8
17.8
15.7
16.4
18.5
15.4
15.3
16.3
18.7
15.1
17.6
15.8
15.4
17.8
15.4
16.4
15.2
15.6
15.3
16.0
13.8
16.4
15.8
15.8
16.8
15.9
16.4
14.2
13.9
13.9
15.5
15.4
16.0
14.7
..
14.5
14.3

Estimated GNI per capita

(2011 PPP$)
Female

Male

2013

2013

56,994
35,551
42,561
34,497
41,792
33,028
26,695
34,612
50,001
37,106
23,872
38,071
27,612
27,589
40,051
21,795
22,384
..
24,636
29,580
25,170
30,213
41,351
32,123
21,762
22,303
23,487
16,233
17,791
52,831
45,863
19,787
19,410
16,197
19,588
16,462
..
19,450
18,832

70,807
47,553
65,278
50,432
63,163
53,445
38,656
49,272
95,329
48,742
43,092
48,365
42,520
42,632
66,417
38,990
51,906
..
35,402
44,139
61,543
49,077
76,196
42,795
31,916
43,640
37,804
33,098
31,707
88,468
141,468
33,461
27,985
78,689
28,607
26,871
..
31,554
35,217

40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil
79
Georgia
79
Grenada
82
Peru
83
Ukraine
84
Belize

0.958
0.962
0.970
0.998
0.961
0.962
0.987
0.987
1.033
1.001

70
61
48
4
66
61
22
22
52
2

1.015
..
..
1.021
0.973
0.931
..
1.038
0.994
1.021
..
..
0.935
0.957
0.994
0.900
0.978
0.999
0.973
0.884
1.015
0.940
..
..
0.961
0.847
0.952
0.842
..
..
0.941
..
0.957
1.012
0.963

25
..
..
32
43
93
..
61
8
32
..
..
91
72
8
110
36
2
43
118
25
85
..
..
66
128
77
130
..
..
84
..
72
21
60

0.800
0.803
0.808
0.816
0.798
0.796
0.801
0.807
0.823
0.806

0.835
0.835
0.833
0.818
0.831
0.827
0.812
0.818
0.797
0.805

78.2
82.7
82.9
78.6
77.5
81.3
75.5
80.4
77.5
79.9

76.1
77.1
76.9
70.5
75.9
77.3
73.5
73.7
66.7
72.6

0.793
..
..
0.793
0.771
0.749
..
0.792
0.775
0.784
..
..
0.743
0.750
0.763
0.715
0.753
0.759
0.751
0.704
0.762
0.728
..
..
0.720
0.672
0.723
0.658
..
..
0.713
..
0.720
0.738
0.714

0.781
..
..
0.777
0.793
0.805
..
0.763
0.779
0.767
..
..
0.794
0.784
0.767
0.794
0.770
0.760
0.772
0.796
0.751
0.775
..
..
0.749
0.793
0.759
0.781
..
..
0.758
..
0.753
0.729
0.742

80.6
78.2
77.2
75.8
77.5
77.3
79.0
74.4
77.3
77.8
..
78.3
77.4
77.1
73.6
82.3
80.5
77.7
82.2
78.7
72.3
79.8
78.1
..
77.4
76.1
73.9
75.6
76.9
77.6
77.8
75.3
77.6
74.4
77.1

73.7
72.1
72.5
64.2
70.3
73.5
74.8
61.8
70.0
73.0
..
73.5
72.7
70.3
66.4
78.1
74.8
71.7
77.8
71.8
61.0
75.1
69.0
..
71.2
72.2
67.6
72.3
71.3
70.4
70.5
70.3
72.2
62.8
70.9

10.2
9.6
8.0
11.2
9.1
10.1
7.9
10.5
11.5
10.0
8.7
11.1
9.9
11.4
10.4
7.5
..
11.7
10.6
9.5
12.2
..
9.2
8.0
10.9
7.6
9.6
8.7
8.4
6.4
10.2
8.1
9.4
..
10.7
7.1
10.5
9.4
9.2
7.3
11.9
..
8.5
11.2
9.2

i
i

i
g

g
g
j

8.7
9.9
8.5
11.4
9.6
10.3
6.8
11.6
11.5
9.6
8.2
11.1
11.2
11.7
11.0
7.5
..
11.8
10.5
9.2
12.6
..
9.9
9.1
10.6
8.2
9.2
8.4
8.3
8.7
10.5
8.8
9.4
..
9.4
8.6
11.2
10.4
9.9
7.2
12.4
..
9.6
11.4
9.3

i
i

i
g

g
g
j

13.9
15.3
16.5
15.7
15.1
15.1
15.2
15.2
16.3
17.5
16.6
..
15.5
16.3
14.5
16.4
13.9
14.5
14.5
17.2
14.6
13.7
12.7
15.9
12.5
13.0
12.9
15.3
13.9
13.8
15.4
12.9
12.1
13.4
13.9
15.0
11.6
13.5
14.1
..
12.8
16.3
13.2
15.3
14.1

12.9
15.0
16.1
15.1
13.7
13.9
14.2
13.9
14.8
15.4
14.4
..
14.8
15.2
13.7
15.9
13.4
13.5
14.1
13.8
12.9
13.8
12.7
15.2
12.1
13.3
11.9
13.1
13.2
15.0
14.7
12.6
11.1
12.4
13.4
15.3
11.9
13.1
13.2
..
12.8
15.3
13.1
14.9
13.3

23,903
14,339
17,846
17,233
24,531
13,302
43,134
15,777
18,624
11,975

72,659
27,410
30,817
25,663
36,660
26,319
114,532
22,509
26,415
22,849

13,789
17,934
..
12,655
12,005
10,649
17,346
18,228
12,539
11,165
..
..
13,187
10,980
19,079
7,199
10,798
11,924
9,719
8,813
14,369
10,060
..
..
5,078
4,159
10,968
2,875
..
10,851
4,231
..
8,942
6,450
6,163

22,730
25,047
..
20,730
23,148
32,678
56,424
27,741
18,430
16,054
..
..
30,984
22,726
31,713
25,038
21,850
22,180
16,204
28,318
24,902
22,020
..
..
13,616
22,631
20,541
19,459
..
17,813
9,871
..
13,607
10,279
12,571

84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128
129
129

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia0.944

Bosnia and Herzegovina
..
Armenia
0.994
Fiji
0.937
Thailand
0.990
Tunisia
0.891
China
0.939
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
Algeria
0.843
Dominica
..
Albania
0.957
Jamaica
0.989
Saint Lucia
..
Colombia
0.972
Ecuador
..
Suriname
0.974
Tonga
0.966
Dominican Republic
..
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

83
..
8
89
14
116
88
..
129
..
72
17
..
46
..
41
54
..

Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia
Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco

90
32
..
81
41
98
58
125
54
..
93
14
56
82
17
..
127
137
25
..
..
..
104
39
36
122
95
132

0.936
1.021
..
0.948
0.974
0.923
0.964
0.855
0.966
..
0.931
0.990
0.965
0.945
0.989
..
0.851
0.802
0.985
..
..
..
0.910
0.976
0.978
0.875
0.929
0.828

0.708
..
0.725
0.679
0.718
0.669
0.696
..
0.629
..
0.694
0.703
..
0.697
..
0.693
0.682
..

0.750
..
0.729
0.725
0.725
0.751
0.740
..
0.746
..
0.725
0.711
..
0.718
..
0.711
0.706
..

77.5
78.9
78.0
73.0
77.8
78.3
76.7
74.7
72.7
..
80.6
76.1
77.5
77.7
79.4
74.3
75.7
76.7

72.9
73.8
71.3
67.0
71.1
73.6
74.1
70.4
69.4
..
74.6
71.0
72.2
70.4
73.7
67.9
69.8
70.4

0.673
0.705
..
0.670
0.612
0.654
0.669
0.617
0.664
..
0.642
0.659
0.648
0.637
0.652
..
0.588
0.556
0.629
..
..
..
0.596
0.618
0.616
0.574
0.590
0.545

0.718
0.691
..
0.707
0.628
0.709
0.694
0.722
0.687
..
0.690
0.666
0.672
0.674
0.659
..
0.691
0.693
0.638
..
..
..
0.655
0.633
0.631
0.656
0.634
0.658

79.0
71.6
69.8
76.5
75.0
72.9
66.8
73.6
74.6
64.5
69.5
72.8
77.1
71.7
72.2
58.8
77.8
73.2
68.9
80.5
78.8
69.9
75.6
71.9
67.1
69.1
76.2
72.7

76.9
63.7
61.4
70.2
71.5
68.8
62.1
68.8
70.1
62.4
65.1
65.0
67.8
65.0
65.4
54.7
71.8
65.9
63.6
71.3
71.1
68.0
68.5
63.4
61.7
66.0
71.5
69.1

7.9
7.2
10.8
9.8
7.0
5.5
6.9
..
5.9
..
9.1
9.8
..
7.0
7.4
7.3
9.2
7.7

5.4
8.5
..
10.3
8.4
6.9
8.7
5.3
7.5
8.4
8.4
9.6
6.1
9.5
8.8
9.8
6.1
4.4
9.0
5.2
..
5.6
5.0
9.3
6.3
3.6
5.3
3.2

i
g

g
g

j
d

8.5
9.5
10.8
10.0
7.7
7.5
8.2
..
7.8
..
9.5
9.2
..
7.1
7.8
8.0
9.5
7.2

6.2
8.2
..
10.3
9.3
8.1
9.0
7.5
7.9
6.4
10.0
10.0
6.9
9.9
8.5
10.1
7.1
6.7
8.1
5.7
..
9.2
6.4
9.3
6.1
5.3
5.7
5.6

i
g

g
g

j
d

13.4
..
13.6
14.1
13.4
15.0
13.0
13.4
14.2
..
10.3
12.4
12.5
13.5
..
12.9
14.0
..

13.2
..
11.2
13.7
12.7
14.0
12.8
13.1
13.8
..
10.3
11.5
11.8
12.9
..
11.2
13.4
..

12.8
15.6
..
13.3
14.0
12.8
11.7
12.7
12.2
..
12.9
12.1
12.0
11.3
11.5
..
12.0
8.7
11.7
..
13.6
..
10.3
12.7
11.4
11.3
12.1
10.6

12.5
14.4
..
12.5
12.5
12.7
11.6
13.3
11.7
..
13.4
11.6
12.3
11.7
11.1
..
12.1
11.4
9.9
..
12.9
..
11.1
12.3
11.3
12.0
11.2
11.6

7,913
6,381
5,486
4,100
11,728
4,751
9,288
7,541
3,695
..
6,704
6,406
7,597
7,698
7,045
9,874
3,983
7,514

15,563
12,628
10,282
10,214
15,069
16,226
13,512
13,085
21,219
..
11,734
9,990
10,966
15,485
12,951
20,329
6,642
14,172

7,504
7,299
7,714
2,868
1,651
5,873
11,491
4,225
5,984
14,003
4,406
4,196
5,383
3,579
4,987
8,539
1,922
4,246
3,993
4,147
4,266
..
4,456
2,228
7,288
5,634
2,474
3,215

12,608
9,654
15,479
6,436
8,580
12,030
18,054
16,522
9,150
19,919
6,701
5,979
9,302
6,893
7,771
15,233
9,478
23,555
8,613
5,655
8,480
..
9,397
3,837
11,196
13,582
5,800
10,692

131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
Nepal
146
Pakistan
147
Kenya
148
Swaziland
149
Angola
150
Myanmar
151
Rwanda
152
Cameroon
152
Nigeria
154
Yemen
155
Madagascar
156
Zimbabwe
157
Papua New Guinea
157
Solomon Islands
159
Comoros
159
Tanzania (United Republic of)
161
Mauritania
162
Lesotho
163
Senegal
164
Uganda
165
Benin
166
Sudan
166
Togo
168
Haiti
169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau

0.900
0.912
..
0.952
0.828
..
0.909
0.884
0.897
0.928
0.913
0.908
0.894
..

110
102
..
77
132
..
105
118
112
96
101
107
115
..

0.912
0.750
0.908
0.877
..
..
0.950
0.872
0.839
0.738
0.917
0.909
..
..
..
0.916
0.801
0.973
0.864
0.896
0.822
..
0.803
..
0.602
..
..
..
0.853
0.891
0.786
0.771
..

102
145
107
121
..
..
80
123
131
146
99
105
..
..
..
100
138
43
124
114
134
..
136
..
148
..
..
..
126
116
140
143
..

0.581
0.583
..
0.591
0.519
..
0.533
0.537
0.537
0.543
0.534
0.528
0.524
..

0.646
0.639
..
0.621
0.627
..
0.587
0.607
0.599
0.585
0.585
0.582
0.586
..

73.8
77.9
71.8
70.8
68.3
68.7
74.5
62.1
69.7
60.2
60.0
71.5
68.3
54.6

69.7
71.8
66.1
64.1
64.7
68.0
69.1
60.2
66.9
57.4
56.3
69.9
64.3
51.7

0.514
0.447
0.508
0.493
..
..
0.463
0.468
0.458
0.415
0.476
0.468
..
..
..
0.466
0.425
0.474
0.449
0.456
0.428
..
0.401
..
0.330
..
..
..
0.401
0.389
0.379
0.350
..

0.564
0.596
0.560
0.562
..
..
0.487
0.537
0.546
0.562
0.519
0.515
..
..
..
0.509
0.530
0.488
0.520
0.509
0.520
..
0.499
..
0.549
..
..
..
0.470
0.437
0.482
0.455
..

69.6
67.5
63.6
48.3
53.4
67.2
65.7
56.2
52.8
64.5
66.2
60.8
64.6
69.2
62.3
62.9
63.1
49.5
64.9
60.4
60.7
63.9
57.4
65.0
62.2
63.4
51.6
60.2
65.3
55.4
61.5
54.9
55.8

67.3
65.7
59.8
49.6
50.4
63.1
62.4
53.9
52.2
61.8
63.2
58.8
60.4
66.3
59.5
60.2
60.0
49.2
61.9
58.0
57.9
60.3
55.6
61.2
59.7
60.2
50.0
57.5
62.0
55.1
59.6
55.1
52.8

8.0
4.8
..
10.0
3.2
..
3.2
5.9
3.8
5.5
5.8
4.6
4.0
..
2.4
3.3
5.4
7.4
..
4.1
3.1
5.1
4.2
1.2
4.8
6.7
3.2
..
..
4.5
2.6
6.8
3.4
4.3
2.0
2.5
3.3
3.2
1.2
..
3.1
2.0
1.4
3.4
2.3
1.4
1.4

k
g

d
g

l
g

d
j

10.0
6.7
..
9.7
5.6
..
5.0
8.1
5.4
6.7
7.2
5.6
5.5
..
4.2
6.1
7.1
6.8
..
3.8
3.6
6.7
6.3
3.8
5.6
7.8
8.4
..
..
5.8
4.9
4.6
5.6
6.4
4.4
3.8
6.7
6.7
5.1
..
5.4
3.6
3.6
5.1
5.6
2.6
3.4

k
g

d
g

l
g

d
j

10.2
10.8
12.7
10.4
11.3
12.5
10.3
10.9
9.5
10.9
13.0
10.3
11.4
6.9

10.9
10.3
11.9
12.0
11.8
12.3
11.5
12.1
10.8
11.3
13.9
9.7
11.2
10.0

12.5
6.9
10.7
10.9
8.7
..
10.3
9.5
8.2
7.7
10.2
9.1
..
8.8
12.3
9.0
8.1
11.6
7.8
10.6
9.4
..
8.5
..
7.2
5.9
..
..
8.0
10.8
8.9
7.6
..

12.2
8.4
11.3
11.8
14.0
..
10.2
11.2
9.8
10.6
10.5
9.5
..
9.7
13.2
9.3
8.3
10.6
8.1
10.9
12.7
..
11.9
..
11.3
6.9
..
..
9.0
10.7
12.4
9.6
..

2,022
2,821
..
1,939
2,277
5,419
2,410
2,937
3,806
4,222
2,344
1,928
2,001
17,769

3,264
5,743
..
2,906
7,833
7,942
3,220
4,138
4,902
5,597
3,455
3,480
4,248
25,977

1,857
1,707
1,763
3,738
5,080
3,362
1,263
2,062
4,068
1,775
1,102
1,124
2,140
940
798
1,501
1,362
2,217
1,642
1,167
1,455
1,692
998
1,349
503
1,907
1,866
1,309
1,090
652
634
914
907

2,554
7,439
2,554
7,384
7,587
4,673
1,550
3,052
6,594
6,080
1,566
1,496
2,754
1,816
2,201
1,903
4,592
3,395
2,717
1,502
1,999
5,153
1,263
1,930
3,265
4,300
3,648
1,811
1,515
777
868
2,076
1,275

178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

0.879
0.785
0.904
0.924
..
0.799
0.762
0.776
0.822
0.714

120
141
109
97
..
139
144
142
134
147

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

0.975
0.946
0.875
0.834

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

0.866
0.943
0.938
0.963
0.830
0.867

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

0.859
..

World

0.920

NOTES
a. Because disaggregated income data are not available, data are crudely estimated. See Definitions and Tec
b. Countries are ranked by absolute deviation from gender parity in HDI.
c. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
d. HDRO updates based on data on educational attainment from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and B
e. Calculated by the Singapore Ministry of Education.
f. For the purpose of calculating the HDI for men, estimated earned income is capped at $75,000.
g. Based on 2011 Global Education Digest, UNESCO Institute for Statistics
h. Based on data on school life expectancy from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Data Center. Accessed i
i. Based on the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) estimate of educational attainment distribution.

0.343
0.344
0.370
0.376
..
0.329
0.319
0.296
0.304
0.275

0.391
0.439
0.410
0.407
..
0.412
0.419
0.382
0.369
0.385

51.0
56.9
56.1
56.9
65.2
45.8
52.1
52.1
51.8
58.6

49.3
55.3
52.2
55.7
60.5
45.3
50.3
48.3
48.2
58.3

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

73.4
..
..
..
..
56.7
56.3
..

66.4
..
..
..
..
53.4
54.2
..

0.874
0.710
0.565
0.446

0.896
0.750
0.646
0.535

83.0
76.8
70.0
60.5

77.4
72.3
65.9
58.2

0.626
0.682
0.705
0.716
0.522
0.460

0.722
0.724
0.752
0.744
0.629
0.531

72.2
75.8
75.4
78.0
68.9
58.0

68.4
72.3
67.3
71.8
65.7
55.6

0.447
..

0.520
..

62.8
72.4

60.3
67.7

0.655

0.712

73.0

68.8

crudely estimated. See Definitions and Technical note 4 at http://hdr.undp.org/en/ for details on the methodology.

NESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and Barro and Lee (2013) methodology.

d income is capped at $75,000.

tute for Statistics, Data Center. Accessed in May 2013.

educational attainment distribution.

0.8
0.8
2.2
1.9
..
2.0
0.6
2.3
2.1
0.8

1.7
2.6
3.3
1.1
..
3.8
2.3
4.9
4.1
2.1

8.9
7.4
9.6
7.0
3.7
6.1
5.9
5.9
8.4
4.8

10.1
10.1
10.7
8.0
4.6
8.4
8.9
8.6
10.9
6.1

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
12.0
..
9.9
15.9
..
..
11.4

..
11.4
..
8.9
14.7
..
..
10.3

11.6
7.5
4.7
3.1

11.8
8.5
6.4
5.1

16.7
13.4
11.4
8.3

15.8
13.1
11.8
9.8

4.9
6.8
8.8
7.7
3.5
3.7

6.7
7.9
9.8
8.0
5.8
5.4

12.1
12.8
13.4
13.6
10.8
8.8

12.8
12.6
13.8
13.0
11.4
10.1

2.9
..

4.5
..

9.0
13.5

10.1
12.8

6.0

7.4

12.0

12.3

939
913
685
1,335
986
1,617
1,289
482
390
471

1,086
1,370
815
1,871
1,309
2,016
1,953
698
499
1,268

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

26,677
9,426
3,199
2,011

53,683
16,966
8,619
3,789

6,991
8,154
7,287
8,962
2,384
2,492

23,169
12,488
17,867
18,732
7,852
3,812

1,576
6,993

2,629
12,017

8,956

18,277

j. HDRO calculations based on recent MICS data.

k. HDRO calculations based on the 2011 Population Census data from Samoa Bureau of Statistics (2013).
l. HDRO estimate based on country's most recent DHS data.

Definitions
Female to male ratio: Ratio of female to male Human Development Index (HDI) value (see also definition of
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimen

Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-

Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can ex
childs life.

Estimated earned income Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Derived on the basis of the ratio of fem
2011 PPP$). For details of the estimation see Technical Note 3.

Main Data Sources

Column 1: Calculated based on data from columns 3 and 4.
Columns 2-4: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Ins
Columns 5 and 6: UNDESA (2013a).
Columns 7 and 8:Column 3: Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and HDRO estimat
Columns 9 and 10: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
Columns 11 and 12: HDRO calculated based on ILO (2013a), UNDESA (2013a) and World Bank (2014).

rom Samoa Bureau of Statistics (2013).

nt Index (HDI) value (see also definition of HDI).

average achievement in three basic dimensions of human developmenta long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infants life.

on received by people ages 25 and older, converted from educational attainment levels using official durations of each level.
at a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the

pita: Derived on the basis of the ratio of female to male wage, female and male shares of economically active population, and GNI (constant

013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014).

ute for Statistics (2013) and HDRO estimates based on data on educational attainment from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013) and on m

DESA (2013a) and World Bank (2014).

wledge and a decent standard of living.

roughout the infants life.

official durations of each level.

nrolment rates persist throughout the

ly active population, and GNI (constant

orld Bank (2014) and IMF (2014).

O Institute for Statistics (2013) and on methodology from Barro and Lee (2013).

Table 6: Multidimensional Poverty Index

Multidimensional Poverty Index

Revised specifications

Year / Survey

Specifications (2010)

Index

Headcount

Index

Headcount

Value

(%)

Value

Afghanistan

2010/2011 M

0.293

Albania

2008/2009 D

0.005

58.8

1.2
h

0.005
h

0.015

Armenia

2010 D

0.002

0.6

0.001

0.3

Azerbaijan

2006 D

0.009

2.4

0.021

5.3

Bangladesh

2011 D

0.237

49.5

0.253

51.2

Belarus

2005 M

0.001

0.4

0.000

0.0

Belize

2011 M

0.030

2006 D

0.401

Bhutan

2010 M

0.128

Bolivia (Plurinational
2008 D
State of)

7.4
69.8

0.018
i

29.4

0.097

Brazil

2012 N

0.012

Burkina Faso 2010 D

0.508

82.8

0.535

84.0

Burundi

2010 D

0.442

81.8

0.454

80.8

Cambodia

2010 D

0.211

46.8

0.212

45.9

Cameroon

2011 D

0.260

48.2

0.248

46.0

Central African 2010

Republic
M

0.424

6.0

0.5

0.430
l,m

2009 N

0.026

Colombia

2010 D

0.032

7.6

0.022

5.4

Congo

2011/2012 D

0.192

43.0

0.181

39.7

Congo (Democratic
2010Republic
M
of the)

0.399

74.4

0.392

74.0

Cote d'Ivoire

2011/2012 D

0.307

59.3

0.310

58.7

Djibouti

2006 M

0.127

26.9

0.139

29.3

Dominican Republic
2007 D

0.026

6.2
8.9

0.036

77.6
l,m

China

g,l

76.3
l,m

20.5
j

0.006

3.1

0.002

71.8

Bosnia and Herzegovina

2011/2012 M

g,l

1.7

27.2

0.089
j

2.9

4.6
i

0.119

20.6
j

0.412

1.4
h

2005 N

0.011

66.2

Argentina

Benin

3.7

0.353

0.018
k

0.024

8.8

l,m

4.6
k

Egypt

2008 D

0.036

6.0

Ethiopia

2011 D

0.537

88.2

0.564

87.3

Gabon

2012 D

0.073

16.7

0.070

16.5

Gambia

2005/2006 M

0.329

60.8

0.324

60.4

Georgia

2005 M

0.008

2.2

0.003

0.8

Ghana

2011 M

0.144

30.5

0.139

30.4

Guinea

2005 D

0.548

86.5

0.506

82.5

Guinea-Bissau 2006 M

0.495

80.4

0.462

77.5

Guyana

2009 D

0.031

7.8

0.030

7.7

Haiti

2012 D

0.242

Honduras

2011/2012 D

0.098

India

2005/2006 D

0.282

50.2
i

20.7

0.248
i

55.3
g

0.283
g

53.7
g

2012 D

0.024

Iraq

2011 M

0.052

13.3

0.045

11.6

Jordan

2009 D

0.004

1.0

0.008

2.4

Kazakhstan

2010/2011 M

0.004

1.1

0.001

0.2

Kenya

2008/2009 D

0.226

48.2

0.229

47.8

Kyrgyzstan

2005/2006 M

0.013

3.4

0.019

4.9

Lao People's Democratic

2011/2012Republic
M

0.186

36.8

0.174

34.1

Lesotho

2009 D

0.227

49.5

0.156

35.3

Liberia

2007 D

0.459

81.9

0.485

83.9

Madagascar

2008/2009 D

0.420

77.0

0.357

66.9

Malawi

2010 D

0.332

66.7

0.334

66.7

Maldives

2009 D

0.008

2.0

0.018

5.2

Mali

2006 D

0.533

85.6

0.558

86.6

Mauritania

2007 M

0.362

66.0

0.352

61.7

Mexico

2012 N

0.024

6.0

0.011

2.8

Moldova (Republic
2005of)D

0.005

1.3

0.007

1.9

Mongolia

0.077

18.3
j

0.065
j

15.8
j

2005/2006 M

0.012

Mozambique

2011 D

0.390

70.2

0.389

69.6

Namibia

2006/2007 D

0.200

42.1

0.187

39.6

Nepal

2011 D

0.197

41.4

0.217

44.2

Nicaragua

2011/2012 D

0.088

19.4

Niger

2012 D

0.584

89.8

0.605

89.3

Nigeria

2011 M

0.239

43.3

0.240

43.3

Pakistan

2012/2013 D

0.237

45.6

0.230

44.2

Palestine (State2006/2007
of)
N

0.007

2.0

0.005

1.4

Peru

0.043

7.3

16.1

0.043
g,n

0.064

1.5

0.072

10.4
g,n

0.006

15.5

Montenegro

2012 D

3.0

0.066

15.8

Indonesia

2005 M

5.9

0.072

49.4
i

10.5
g,n

Philippines

2008 D

0.038

13.4

Rwanda

2010 D

0.352

70.8

0.350

69.0

Sao Tome and 2008/2009

Principe D

0.217

47.5

0.154

34.5

Senegal

2010/2011 D

0.390

69.4

0.439

74.4

Serbia

2010 M

0.001

0.3

0.000

0.1

g,n

Sierra Leone

2010 M

0.405

72.7

0.388

72.5

Somalia

2006 M

0.500

81.8

0.514

81.2

South Africa

2012 N

0.041

10.3
j

2010 M

0.033

Swaziland

2010 M

0.113

25.9

0.086

20.4

Syrian Arab Republic

2006 M

0.024

6.4

0.021

5.5

Tajikistan

0.031

7.9

0.054

13.2

Tanzania (United
2010
Republic
D
of)

0.335

66.4

0.332

65.6

Thailand

0.004

2005/2006 M

The former Yugoslav

2011 MRepublic of Macedonia
0.007
Timor-Leste

2009/2010 D

0.322

Togo

2010 M

0.260

Trinidad and Tobago

2006 M

0.007

Tunisia

2011/2012 M

0.006

Uganda

2011 D

0.359

1.0
j

1.7

0.006
j

64.3
1.7

5.6

2007 D

0.002

Uzbekistan

2006 M

0.013

3.5

0.008

2.3

Vanuatu

2007 M

0.135

31.2

0.129

30.1

Viet Nam

2010/2011 M

0.026

6.4
37.5

0.017
g

0.283

69.9
g

Ukraine

0.008

1.2

0.367
g

0.7
49.8

0.004

70.3
0.6

0.020

68.1

0.250
g

1.5
g

0.002

5.9

1.6
j

0.360

50.9
g

0.024

11.1
j

Suriname

2012 D

7.6

0.044
j

2.2

4.2
g

Yemen

2006 M

0.191

52.5

Zambia

2007 D

0.318

62.8

0.328

64.2

Zimbabwe

2010/2011 D

0.181

41.0

0.172

39.1

NOTES

a. Not all indicators were available for all countries, caution should be used in cross-country comparisons. Where data were mis

b. The revised specifications refer to somewhat modified definitions of deprivations in some indicators compared to their 201
c. Multidimensional poverty index obtained using the methodology introduced in 2010 and explained in Alkire and Santos (20
d. Computation is based on the revised specifications as outlined in Technical note 5 at http://hdr.undp.org/en

e. D indicates that data are from Demographic and Health Surveys, M indicates data are from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
f. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
g. Missing indicators on nutrition
h. Refers only to the urban part of the country
i. Missing indicator on electricity
j. Mising indicator on child mortality
k. Missing indicator on cooking fuel
l. Missing Indicator on type of floor
m. Refers only to a part of the country (9 provinces)
n. Missing indicator on school attendance

DEFINITIONS

Multidimensional Poverty Index: Percentage of the population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted by the inte
Multidimensional poverty headcount: Percentage of the population with a weighted deprivation score of at least

Intensity of deprivation of multidimensional poverty: Average percentage of deprivation experienced by people

Population near multidimensional poverty: Percentage of the population at risk of suffering multiple deprivations

Population in severe poverty: Percentage of the population in severe multidimensional povertythat is, those wit

Contribution of deprivation to overall poverty: Percentage of the Multidimensional Poverty Index attributed to de
Population below PPP $1.25 a day: Percentage of the population living below the international poverty line $1.25

Population below national poverty line: Percentage of the population living below the national poverty line, which
MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1 and 2: Calculated from various household surveys, including ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surve

Columns 2,3,6-12: HDRO calculations based on data on household deprivations in education, health and living stan
Columns 4 and 5: Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (2014).
Columns 13 -14: World Bank (2013a).

Population in multidimensional
poverty
Intensity of
d
Headcount
deprivation

('000)

(%)

17116

38
1438

49.9
39.1

Population in
severe
poverty
d

(%)
g

38.3
h

Population near
multidimensional
poverty

Education

16.0

5.2

29.8

0.1
h

0.5

45.6
38.2

37.0

3.0

0.1

3.4

210

38.2

11.5

0.2

20.0

75610

47.8

18.8

21.0

28.4

41

34.5

1.1

0.0

2.6

5897

41.2
i

211

43.5

2022
65
6083

57.4

6.4
i

18.0

47.0
j
g,l

37.3
40.8

18.8

1.5
i

g,l

3.2
7.4

g,l

0.0
0.5

35.0
21.9

j
g,l

7.8
27.7

12875

61.3

7.6

63.8

39.0

7553

54.0

12.0

48.2

25.0

6721

45.1

20.4

16.4

25.9

10187

54.1

17.8

27.1

24.5

3320

80784

55.6
l,m

43.4

15.7
l,m

19.0

48.5
l,m

1.3

21.0

42.2

10.2

1.8

34.3

1866

44.7

26.2

12.2

10.6

46278

53.7

15.5

46.2

18.5

11772

51.7

17.9

32.4

36.5

212

47.3

16.0

11.1

36.1

6740

41.9
k

40.3

10.8
k

8.6

1.4
k

1.5

j
g,l

23.8
l,m

3534

599

40.3

7.8
j

36.2
i

8.8

17.3
j

45.7

22.4
h

18

23

(%)

7.2
h

Contribution of deprivation in dimens

overall poverty
(%)

l,m

36.2
k

41.8

78887

60.9

6.7

67.0

27.4

273

43.4

19.9

4.4

15.2

901

54.1

15.7

35.9

34.0

99

37.6

4.1

0.1

7.4

7559

47.3

18.7

12.1

27.7

8283

63.4

7.7

68.6

34.4

1168

61.6

10.5

58.4

30.5

61

40.0

18.8

1.2

16.8

5104
1642

48.1
i

631999
14574

47.4

22.2
i

51.1
g

41.3

28.6

20.1
i

18.2
g

8.1

7.2

24.8
i

27.8
g

1.1

36.6
22.7

24.7

4236

39.4

7.4

2.5

50.1

64

36.8

4.1

0.1

33.7

173

36.4

2.3

0.0

4.3

19190

47.0

29.1

15.7

11.2

173

37.9

10.1

0.3

5.0

2447

50.5

18.5

18.8

37.7

984

45.9

20.4

18.2

14.8

2883

56.1

12.9

52.8

30.4

15774

54.6

11.7

48.0

31.6

10012

49.8

24.5

29.8

18.9

37.5

8.5

0.1

27.8

10545

62.4

7.8

66.8

37.4

2197

54.9

12.8

42.3

33.5

7272

39.9

10.1

1.1

31.4

49

38.8

5.2

0.2

17.7

462
19

42.0
j

40.1

19.0
j

1.3

4.2
j

0.5

21.0

55.6

14.8

44.1

30.4

876

47.5

22.6

15.7

14.8

11255

47.4

18.1

18.6

27.3

1146

45.6

14.8

6.9

37.8

15408

65.0

5.9

73.5

35.9

71014

55.2

17.0

25.7

26.9

83045

52.0

14.9

26.5

36.2

74

36.9

7.4

0.1

16.6

6559

41.4
g,n

51.9

12.3
g,n

12.2

2.1
g,n

5.0

13.5
j

17246

3132

19.4
g,n

37.1

7669

49.7

17.9

34.6

23.8

82

45.5

21.5

16.4

29.1

9247

56.2

14.4

45.1

36.7

25

39.9

3.1

0.0

24.7

g,n

4180

55.8

16.7

46.4

24.2

7104

61.1

8.3

63.6

33.7

5400
40

39.6
j

43.1

17.1
j

4.7

1.3
j

2.0

8.4
j

31.0

309

43.5

20.5

7.4

13.7

1197

38.0

7.7

0.9

44.4

629

39.0

23.4

1.2

13.4

29842

50.4

21.5

32.1

16.9

664
36

38.8
j

694

50.1

3207
23

38.0

34.3

0.2

0.2

0.0

2.2
18.0

1.0

935

36.6

6.2

0.1

3.7

69

43.1

32.6

7.3

24.4

5796
7741

40.7
g

50.9

8.7
g

16.7

1.3
g

18.4

33.7

33.3
g

28.9
g

0.2

20.6
g

18.5
20.0

26.4
g

3.2

51.1
g

0.5

0.1

19.4
j

31.5

20.3
g

39.3

24712

2.4

0.1
j

21.4

51.2
g

161
264

38.4

4.4
j

35.9
g

33.4

7600

50.7

18.7

31.3

16.3

5482

44.1

24.9

12.2

7.8

ntry comparisons. Where data were missing, indicator weights are adjusted to total 100%.

some indicators compared to their 2010 specifications.See Technical note 5 at http://hdr.undp.org/en.

and explained in Alkire and Santos (2010). For detailes visit http://www.ophi.org.uk/ .
http://hdr.undp.org/en

from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, and N indicates data from national surveys. The list of national surveys is given at http://hdr.undp

mensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the deprivations. See Technical note 5 for details on how the Multidimensional Pov

ighted deprivation score of at least 33 percent. It is also expressed in thousands of the population in the survey year.

f deprivation experienced by people in multidimensional poverty.

isk of suffering multiple deprivationsthat is, those with a deprivation score of 2033 percent.

mensional povertythat is, those with a deprivation score of 50 percent or more.

sional Poverty Index attributed to deprivations in each dimension.

the international poverty line $1.25 (in purchasing power parity terms) a day.

elow the national poverty line, which is the poverty line deemed appropriate for a country by its authorities. National estimates

cro Demographic and Health Surveys, United Nations Children's Fund Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and several national

s in education, health and living standards from various household surveys listed in column 1 and consistent methodology desc

bution of
vation in
nsion to
Health

Living
standards

Population below income

poverty line
(%)
PPP $1.25 a
National
day
poverty line

2002-2012
19.2

47.1
27.8

35.2

34.0

2002-2012

..

30.5
h

36
0.62

0.92

12.4
..

87.8

8.7

2.47

35.8

50.7

29.3

0.43

26.6

44.9

43.25

31.51

89.7

7.7

0.07

6.3

34.8
24.9

29.0
i

26.3

33.4

27.9
79.5
38.4

40.1

..
i

50.2
j
g,l

12.7
33.9

j
g,l

..
47.33

36.2

1.66

12

15.61

51.3

0.04

14

6.14

21.4

22.5

38.5

44.6

46.7

26.3

48.8

81.32

66.9

27.7

46.4

18.6

20.5

31.3

44.2

9.56

39.9

26.2

44.4

50.0
l,m

34.6

l,m

11.8

24.7

41.0

8.16

32.7

32.8

56.6

54.1

46.5

25.5

55.9

87.72

71.3

25.8

37.7

23.75

42.7

22.7

41.2

18.84

30.4
45.6

33.3
k

12.6

..

2.24

40.9

1.69

25.2

25.2

47.4

30.65

29.6

43.8

40.9

4.84

32.7

30.5

35.5

33.63

48.4

67.4

25.2

17.99

24.7

27.1

45.2

28.59

28.5

22.3

43.3

43.34

55.2

27.9

41.6

48.9

69.3

51.2

32.0

23.4
23.1

51.8
i

32.5
35.1

40.3

..

..

..

..

44.8
g

40.2

17.92

60

32.68

21.9

16.20

12

38.6

11.3

2.82

22.9

56.3

10.0

0.12

13.3

83.9

11.8

0.11

3.8

32.4

56.4

43.37

45.9

63.9

31.2

5.03

38

25.4

36.9

33.88

27.6

33.8

51.4

43.41

56.6

21.8

47.8

83.76

63.8

24.5

43.9

81.29

75.3

27.7

53.4

61.64

50.7

60.2

11.9

1.48

22.6

40.1

50.43

43.6

18.2

48.3

23.43

42

25.6

43.0

0.72

52.3

46.6

35.6

0.39

16.6

35.7
63.8

50.8
j

15.3

..
j

..

27.4
0.12

9.3

22.3

47.3

59.58

54.7

33.4

51.8

31.91

28.7

28.2

44.5

24.82

25.2

12.6

49.6

24.0

40.0

43.62

59.5

32.6

40.4

67.98

46

32.3

31.6

21.04

22.3

72.3

11.1

0.04

21.9

4.91

25.8

18.42

26.5

63.17

44.9

29.8
25.7

50.8
g,n

37.2

g,n

27.2

49.0

26.5

44.4

33.1

30.2

29.61

46.7

48.6

26.7

0.21

9.2

..

61.7

28.3

47.4

18.8

47.5

61.4
37.2

51.71
..

30.2
j

31.8

52.9
..

13.77
j

..

23
..

41.0

45.3

40.63

43.1

12.5

1.71

52.6

34.0

6.56

46.7

28.2

54.9

67.87

28.2

0.38

13.2

0.6

19

51.3
57.2

29.4
j

30.4

49.6

25.0
86.1

11.7

..

..

46.1
g

48.2

49.9
28.22

..

58.7
..

18.1

30.2
95.1

24.3

63

51.9
g

3.8

38.01

24.5

0.02

2.9

83.4

12.8

..

..

24.1

51.6

..

..

25.7
21.3

38.4
g

45.3

29.4

54.3

37.9

54.3

urveys is given at http://hdr.undp.org.

..

16.85

20.7

17.53

34.8

74.45

60.5
72.3

n how the Multidimensional Poverty Index is calculated.

on in the survey year.

authorities. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.

Surveys and several national household surveys conducted between 2005 and 2012.

d consistent methodology described in Technical note 5 accessible at http://hdr.undp.org/en.

Table 6 A: Multidimensional Poverty Index - changes over time for select countries

Population in multidimensional poverty

Multidimensional
Poverty Index

(%)

Year/ Survey c Value

Bangladesh 2011 D
Bangladesh 2007 D
Belize
2011 M
Belize
2006 M
Bosnia and Herzegovina
2011/2012 M
Bosnia and Herzegovina
2006 M
Brazil
2012 N
Brazil
2006 N
Burkina Faso 2010 D
Burkina Faso 2006 M
Burundi
2010 D
Burundi
2005 M
Cambodia
2010 D
Cambodia
2005 D
Cameroon
2011 D
Cameroon
2006 M
Central African 2010
Republic
M
Central African 2006
Republic
M
Congo
2011/2012 D
Congo
2009 D
Cote d'Ivoire 2011/2012 D
Cote d'Ivoire 2005 D
Ghana
2011 M
Ghana
2008 D
Guyana
2009 D
Guyana
2007 M
Haiti
2012 D
Haiti
2005/2006 D
Honduras
2011/2012 D
Honduras
2005/2006 D
Indonesia
2012 D
Indonesia
2007 D
Iraq
2011 M
Iraq
2006 M
Kazakhstan
2010/2011 M

0.237
0.294
0.030
0.028
0.006
0.013
0.012
0.017
0.508
0.538
0.442
0.485
0.211
0.282
0.260
0.304
0.424
0.464
0.192
0.154
0.307
0.269
0.144
0.186
0.031
0.032
0.242
0.315
0.098
0.156
0.024
0.043
0.052
0.077
0.004

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

Intensity of
deprivation

Headcount

('000)
49.5
59.5
7.4
6.9
1.7
3.5
3.1
4.0
82.8
85.2
81.8
87.9
46.8
58.0
48.2
51.8
76.3
80.5
43.0
32.7
59.3
50.0
30.5
39.2
7.8
7.9
50.2
59.3
20.7
31.5
5.9
10.1
13.3
18.5
1.1

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

75610
87185
23
19
65
134
6083
7578
12875
11775
7553
6833
6721
7746
10187
9644
3320
3245
1866
1308
11772
8693
7559
9057
61
61
5104
5566
1642
2214
14574
23432
4236
5182
173

(%)

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

47.8
49.3
41.2
40.8
37.3
38.1
40.8
41.4
61.3
63.2
54.0
55.2
45.1
48.7
54.1
58.7
55.6
57.7
44.7
47.1
51.7
53.9
47.3
47.4
40.0
40.1
48.1
53.2
47.4
49.6
41.3
42.4
39.4
41.8
36.4

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

Kazakhstan
2006 M
0.007
Lao People's Democratic
2011/2012Republic
M
0.186
Lao People's Democratic
2006 M Republic0.320 d
Mexico
2012 N
0.024
Mexico
2006 N
0.028
Mozambique 2011 D
0.390
Mozambique 2009 D
0.395 e
Nepal
2011/2012 D
0.197
Nepal
2006 D
0.314
Nicaragua
2011 D
0.088
Nicaragua
2006/2007 D
0.137
Niger
2012 D
0.584
Niger
2006 D
0.677
Nigeria
2011 M
0.239
Nigeria
2008 D
0.294
Pakistan
2012/2013 D
0.237
Pakistan
2006/2007 D
0.218 e
Peru
2012 D
0.043
Peru
2011 D
0.051
Peru
2010 D
0.056
Peru
2008 D
0.069
Rwanda
2010 D
0.352
Rwanda
2005 D
0.481
Senegal
2010/2011 D
0.390
Senegal
2005 D
0.436
Serbia
2010 M
0.001
Serbia
2005/2006 M
0.011 d
Sierra Leone 2010 M
0.405
Sierra Leone 2008 D
0.451
South Africa 2012 N
0.041
South Africa 2008 N
0.039 f
Suriname
2010 M
0.033 d
Suriname
2006 M
0.044
Tajikistan
2012 D
0.031
Tajikistan
2005 M
0.059
The former Yugoslav
2011 MRepublic of Macedonia
0.007 d
The former Yugoslav
2005 MRepublic of Macedonia
0.013
Togo
2010 M
0.260
Togo
2006 M
0.277
Uganda
2011 D
0.359
Uganda
2006 D
0.399
Zimbabwe
2010/2011 D
0.181
Zimbabwe
2006 D
0.193

1.8
36.8
55.0
6.0
6.9
70.2
70.0
41.4
62.1
19.4
27.9
89.8
93.4
43.3
53.8
45.6
43.5
10.4
12.2
13.2
16.1
70.8
86.5
69.4
71.1
0.3
3.0
72.7
79.7
10.3
9.4
7.6
9.2
7.9
14.7
1.7
3.0
50.9
53.1
70.3
74.5
41.0
42.4

f
d

277
2447
3242
7272
7779
17246
16343
11255
15910
1146
1561
15408
12774
71014
81357
83045
71378
3132
3607
3859
4605
7669
8155
9247
8018
25
296
4180
4409
5400
4701
40
46
629
1002
36
64
3207
3021
24712
22131
5482
5399

f
d

38.5
50.5
58.3
39.9
40.9
55.6
56.5
47.4
50.6
45.6
49.2
65.0
72.5
55.2
54.7
52.0
50.0
41.4
42.2
42.1
42.7
49.7
55.6
56.2
61.3
39.9
38.3
55.8
56.6
39.6
41.5
43.1
47.4
39.0
39.8
38.4
42.2
51.2
52.2
51.1
53.6
44.1
45.4

f
d

NOTES
a. Not all indicators were available for all countries; caution should thus be used in cross-country comparisons. Where data are

b. The Multidimensional Poverty Index is based on a set of revised specifications of deprivations in three dimensions - health, ed
c. D indicates data are from Demographic and Health Surveys, M indicates data are from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, and
d. Mising indicator on child mortality
e. Missing indicators on nutrition
f. Missing Indicator on type of floor
g. Missing indicator on cooking fuel
h. Missing indicator on electricity

DEFINITIONS
Multidimensional Poverty Index: Percentage of the population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the d
Multidimensional poverty headcount: Percentage of the population with a weighted deprivation score of at least 33 percent. I
Intensity of deprivation of multidimensional poverty: Average percentage of deprivation experienced by people in multidime
Population near multidimensional poverty: Percentage of the population at risk of suffering multiple deprivationsthat is, tho
Population in severe poverty: Percentage of the population in severe multidimensional povertythat is, those with a deprivatio
Contribution of deprivation to overall poverty: Percentage of the Multidimensional Poverty Index attributed to deprivations in

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1 and 2: Calculated from various household surveys, including ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, United N
Columns 310: HDRO calculations based on data on household deprivations in education, health and living standards from vari

select countries
Population near
multidimensional
poverty

Population in
severe poverty

Contribution of deprivation to overall

poverty (%)

Education

(%)

Living
standards

Health

(%)
18.8
18.7
6.4
6.5
3.2
5.3
7.4
11.2
7.6
6.9
12.0
8.5
20.4
17.5
17.8
14.0
15.7
12.1
26.2
29.9
17.9
22.7
18.7
20.3
18.8
10.7
22.2
18.1
28.6
26.6
8.1
15.4
7.4
15.0
2.3

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

21.0
27.2
1.5
1.2
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.7
63.8
67.1
48.2
53.5
16.4
26.4
27.1
35.9
48.5
54.5
12.2
15.1
32.4
26.7
12.1
15.4
1.2
1.5
20.1
32.8
7.2
13.3
1.1
2.3
2.5
4.3
0.0

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

28.4
26.0
36.2
13.8
7.8
7.9
27.7
41.4
39.0
38.0
25.0
37.8
25.9
29.0
24.5
24.8
23.8
30.2
10.6
16.2
36.5
42.8
27.7
26.5
16.8
16.9
24.8
28.8
36.6
38.4
24.7
30.4
50.1
45.7
4.3

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

26.6
26.5
34.8
52.6
79.5
76.3
38.4
20.4
22.5
22.3
26.3
11.1
27.7
26.3
31.3
31.7
26.2
24.3
32.8
25.6
25.8
20.8
27.1
28.5
51.2
44.8
23.4
22.8
23.1
22.6
35.1
21.0
38.6
33.9
83.9

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

44.9
47.5
29.0
33.6
12.7
15.8
33.9
38.2
38.5
39.6
48.8
51.1
46.4
44.7
44.2
43.5
50.0
45.6
56.6
58.2
37.7
36.5
45.2
45.0
32.0
38.3
51.8
48.5
40.3
39.0
40.2
48.7
11.3
20.4
11.8

d
d
e,f
g

e,g

h
h
e
e

4.7
18.5
11.1
10.1
10.7
14.8
14.7
18.1
15.5
14.8
15.3
5.9
3.4
17.0
18.2
14.9
13.2
12.3
12.3
14.3
53.8
17.9
9.7
14.4
11.7
3.1
3.8
16.7
12.5
17.1
21.4
4.7
6.3
23.4
18.6
2.4
7.1
20.3
20.3
20.6
18.2
24.9
22.8

f
d

0.2
18.8
35.2
1.1
1.6
44.1
43.2
18.6
31.6
6.9
12.9
73.5
86.1
25.7
31.4
26.5
21.7
2.1
2.8
3.1
15.1
34.6
60.4
45.1
51.6
0.0
0.3
46.4
51.7
1.3
1.4
2.0
3.6
1.2
2.3
0.1
0.7
26.4
28.8
33.3
41.5
12.2
15.7

f
d

5.5
37.7
32.3
31.4
32.0
30.4
31.3
27.3
26.0
37.8
38.1
35.9
35.2
26.9
27.2
36.2
43.0
19.4
20.2
18.3
17.9
23.8
23.3
36.7
38.4
24.7
18.1
24.2
32.0
8.4
13.4
31.0
36.7
13.4
11.0
18.5
50.7
28.9
31.4
18.0
17.1
7.8
11.5

f
d

73.4
25.4
32.6
25.6
29.0
22.3
20.3
28.2
28.0
12.6
12.3
24.0
24.5
32.6
30.8
32.3
19.7
29.8
29.0
30.3
29.1
27.2
22.3
33.1
26.1
48.6
60.1
28.3
22.7
61.4
45.6
37.2
21.1
52.6
57.3
57.2
22.3
25.0
23.2
30.2
30.4
37.9
29.6

f
d

21.2
36.9
35.2
43.0
39.0
47.3
48.4
44.5
46.0
49.6
49.7
40.0
40.3
40.4
42.0
31.6
37.3
50.8
50.8
51.4
53.0
49.0
54.4
30.2
35.5
26.7
21.8
47.4
45.3
30.2
41.1
31.8
42.2
34.0
31.7
24.3
27.0
46.1
45.4
51.9
52.5
54.3
58.9

f
d

n cross-country comparisons. Where data are missing, indicator weights are adjusted to total 100 percent.

of deprivations in three dimensions - health, education and living standards outlined in Technical note 5 at http://hdr.undp.org/en.
are from Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, and N indicates data from national surveys. The list of surveys is given at http://hdr.undp.org.

ensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the deprivations. See Technical note 5 (http://hdr.undp.org/en) for details on how the Multidimensi
ghted deprivation score of at least 33 percent. It is also expressed in thousands of the population in the survey year.
deprivation experienced by people in multidimensional poverty.
k of suffering multiple deprivationsthat is, those with a deprivation score of 2033 percent.
ensional povertythat is, those with a deprivation score of 50 percent or more.
ional Poverty Index attributed to deprivations in each dimension.

cro Demographic and Health Surveys, United Nations Children's Fund Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and several national household surv
education, health and living standards from various household surveys listed in column 1 using the revised methodology described in Technic

http://hdr.undp.org/en.
s given at http://hdr.undp.org.

r details on how the Multidimensional Poverty Index is calculated.

d several national household surveys conducted between 2005 and 2012.

methodology described in Technical note 5 at http://hdr.undp.org/en.

7: Health: Children and Youth

Infants lacking immunization

Infants exclusively
breastfed

DTP

(% of 0-5 months olds)

HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia

2008-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

(% of one-year-olds)
b

2012

1
8
5
1
2
3
6
2
2
3
2
1
3
1
..
1
1
..
4
1
7
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
6
1
4

Infants lacking immunization

Measles

(% of one-year-olds)

Mortality rates

Infant

Underfive

(per 1,000 live births)

Child malnutrition
Stunting
(moderate or
severe)

Antenatal
coverage

(% of live births)

2012

2012

2012

2008-2012

6
6
8
4
8
3
8
2
5
10
8
3
10
7
..
1
4
..
4
11
24
4
4
3
5
10
3
2
1
1
3
14
6

2
4
4
3
6
3
5
5
2
3
3
2
2
4
..
3
2
..
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
4
3
4
7
6
3
3

3
5
4
4
7
4
6
5
3
4
4
3
2
5
..
4
3
..
4
4
4
4
2
3
3
4
5
4
5
8
7
3
4

..
98.3
..
..
..
100.0
..
100.0
..
..
99.5
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.8
..
..
..
99.8
99.5
99.0
..
..
..
99.0
100.0
99.2
..

(% under age 5)
b

c
c

c
c
c

2008-2012

..
..
..
..
3.3
..
..
..
4.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Child malnutrition

HIV prevalence
Children
living with
HIV
(ages 0-14)

Overweight
(moderate or
severe)

(thousands)
2008-2012

..
..
..
..
7.0
..
..
..
2.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

HIV prevention

Youth
(% ages 1524)

Female

Male

Condom use among young

people with multiple partners
(% ages 15-24)

Female

2012

2012

2012

2008-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Male
b

2008-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

HIV prevention
Pregnant women living with HIV not
receiving treatment to prevent motherto-child transmission

(%)
2011

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
51
51
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
65
67
68
69
70
71
71
73
73
75
76
77
77

Uruguay
Bahamas
Montenegro
Belarus
Romania
Libya
Oman
Russian Federation
Bulgaria
Barbados
Palau
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Mauritius
Trinidad and Tobago
Lebanon
Panama
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Costa Rica
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Mexico
Seychelles
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Sri Lanka
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Azerbaijan
Jordan
Serbia

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
63.0
..
..
..
48.6
..
..
..
54.0

2
3
1
1
1
1
6
10
1
1
1
4
1
3
5
6

65.2
..
19.0
9.0
16.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
21.0
13.0
14.8
..
..
18.7
41.6
31.8
18.6
..
..
76.0
23.0
12.0
22.7
13.7

2
1
2
2
4
1
1
3
4
7
1
1
1
1
3
16
1
10
8
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
19
2
9

c
c
c

c
c
c

2
7
2
2
1
7
6
10
3
1
1
1
1
5
10
6

7
4
4
3
6
6
7
8
3
5
8
4
10
4
8
13

9
5
5
3
8
7
8
9
4
6
10
6
11
5
9
14

97.0
100.0
..
..
96.9
100.0
100.0
..
100.0
..
100.0
100.0
100.0
..
91.8
99.2

4
9
10
2
6
2
1
2
6
10
9
2
5
1
15
20
2
13
10
2
4
1
2
5
1
2
34
2
13

6
14
6
4
11
13
10
9
11
17
15
9
7
13
18
8
16
13
9
12
17
14
11
7
8
15
31
16
6

7
17
6
5
12
15
12
10
12
18
21
10
9
15
21
9
19
15
10
14
19
16
13
9
10
18
35
19
7

96.2
98.0
97.4
99.4
93.5
93.0
99.0
..
..
100.0
90.3
100.0
90.7
..
95.7
95.6
95.8
94.1
89.9
92.0
99.9
95.8
..
100.0
99.4
98.3
76.6
98.8
99.0

c
c
c

c
c

c
c
c

c
c

c
c

c
c

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
8.2
14.7
..
7.0
4.0
13.0
21.0
9.8
..
..
..
..
..
16.6
..
..
..
19.0
15.6
5.6
12.3
13.1
13.6
..
..
17.0
..
25.0
7.7
6.6

c
c
c
c

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
9.9
10.0
..
15.6
9.7
8.3
22.4
1.7
..
..
..
..
..
5.1
..
..
..
..
6.1
8.1
..
0.6
9.7
..
..
0.8
..
12.9
4.4
15.6

c
c
c
c

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.1

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

0.2
..
..
0.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
0.3
..
..
0.3
0.3
0.2
..
..
0.1
..
..
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.2
..
..
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.2
0.5
..
..
0.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
0.3
..
..
0.4
0.3
0.1
..
..
0.1
..
..
0.1
0.1
0.2
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
66.4
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
67.1
..
..
..
..
..
73.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
64.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
76.2
..
..
..
..
..
28.6
..
63.3

..
5.0
..
..
..
..
..
5.0
..
..
..
5.0
..
..
5.0
5.0
5.0
..
..
..
5.0
..
..
5.0
65.4
..
..
..
5.0
5.0
..
..
5.0
33.4
..
..
5.0
30.8
..
..
86.3
75.4
5.0
..
66.7

e
e

79
79
79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121

Brazil
Georgia
Grenada
Peru
Ukraine
Belize
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Armenia
Fiji
Thailand
Tunisia
China
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Algeria
Dominica
Albania
Jamaica
Saint Lucia
Colombia
Ecuador
Suriname
Tonga
Dominican Republic
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

41.0
54.8
..
70.6
18.0
14.7
23.0
18.5
34.6
39.8
15.1
6.0
27.6
..
7.0
..
38.6
15.0
..
42.8
40.0
2.8
..
7.8

Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam

47.8
65.7
11.0
51.3
27.0
41.5
20.0
53.2
24.4
6.0
60.4
46.0
31.4
26.0
34.0
8.0
42.6
19.6
33.2
17.0

c
c

1
6
1
1
24
1
3
5
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
8
1
6
5
8
1
1
2
1
2
9
2
6
4
14
15
3
8
1
10
30
32
13
1
1

1
7
6
6
21
4
3
6
3
1
2
4
1
6
5
1
1
7
1
6
6
27
5
21

13
18
11
14
9
16
7
6
15
19
11
14
12
21
17
12
15
14
15
15
20
19
11
23

14
20
14
18
11
18
7
7
16
22
13
16
14
23
20
13
17
17
18
18
23
21
13
27

98.2
97.6
100.0
95.4
98.5
94.0
98.6
98.9
99.1
100.0
99.1
96.0
94.1
99.5
89.4
100.0
97.3
99.0
99.2
97.0
84.2
89.9
97.9
98.9

2
1
1
15
2
20
6
7
9
29
16
9
7
1
15
21
39
31
1
4

9
23
45
15
19
26
41
18
19
42
33
15
14
34
24
33
12
28
29
18

11
28
53
18
23
31
53
21
22
62
41
18
16
40
30
45
15
34
35
23

99.1
99.0
99.1
93.0
98.8
92.7
94.1
73.6
96.3
94.4
85.8
98.0
94.0
99.0
91.1
97.1
87.7
83.8
92.1
93.7

7.0
11.3
..
19.5
..
19.3
4.9
8.9
19.3
..
16.0
10.1
9.9
..
15.0
..
19.0
4.8
..
13.2
29.0
8.8
..
9.8
18.9
15.3
19.0
..
10.9
35.6
31.4
28.9
17.5
16.5
27.1
10.0
19.2
19.0
32.0
33.0
27.5
22.6
18.2
22.7

c
c

7.3
19.9
..
9.8
..
7.9
12.4
17.4
15.3
..
8.0
14.3
6.6
..
12.9
..
21.7
4.0
..
4.8
5.1
4.0
..
8.3
6.5
10.9
..
..
..
12.3
11.2
20.5
7.1
7.4
8.5
9.1
6.0
12.8
4.3
19.2
17.9
11.8
6.2
4.4

c
c

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
0.1
..
0.2
0.5
0.6
..
..
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
0.5
..
0.2
0.2
0.7
..
0.2

..
..
..
..
..
..
11.0
..
..
3.6
..
..
..
..
..
410.0
..
..
..
..

0.1
0.1
..
..
..
0.5
6.7
0.1
0.3
1.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
13.9
..
..
0.8
0.1

d
d

d
e

..
0.3
..
0.2
0.4
0.5
..
..
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
0.9
..
0.3
0.4
0.4
..
0.1
0.1
0.1
..
..
..
0.4
3.7
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
3.9
..
..
0.5
0.2

d
d

d
e

..
..
..
38.0
62.7
25.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
49.4
..
38.8
..
39.3
..
33.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
51.3
55.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

c,f
c
c,e

..
..
..
..
63.7
..
..
67.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
54.9
75.5
..
..
..
..
..
61.8
..
68.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
76.5
40.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
76.1
..

5.0
5.0
..
5.0
5.0
16.7
..
..
25.0
..
5.0
18.2
33.9
..
24.7
..
..
8.7
..
22.4
5.0
5.0
..
5.0
..
84.2
..
..
..
76.6
5.0
85.7
12.9
27.1
5.0
23.9
26.7
5.0
92.1
5.0
..
..
5.0
58.1

e
e

e
e

123
Cape Verde
124
Micronesia (Federated States of)
125
Guatemala
125
Kyrgyzstan
127
Namibia
128
Timor-Leste
129
Honduras
129
Morocco
131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166

Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo

60.0
..
49.6
32.0
24.0
51.5
31.2
31.0
40.0
30.6
69.0
25.0
46.4
48.7
73.5
45.7
26.0
19.0
61.0
64.1
51.4
24.0
69.6
37.0
32.0
44.1
11.0
23.6
84.9
20.0
15.1
12.0
50.7
31.4
56.0
74.0
..
49.8
45.9
53.5
39.0
63.2
32.5
41.0
62.4

c
c

c
c
c

c
c

c
c
c

c
c

1
3
2
4
11
31
12
1
22
1
6
4
12
3
3
8
13
10
14
1
2
35
10
12
11
3
1
11
1
6
53
11
4
5
15
6
9
1
5
7
3
11
12
1
6

4
9
7
2
24
38
7
1
48
1
9
6
26
5
7
12
28
20
17
4
8
49

19
31
27
24
28
48
19
27
15
21
46
49
44
36
34
49
54
62
56
33
38
72

22
39
32
27
39
57
23
31
18
24
60
58
56
45
40
72
72
96
89
41
53
100

97.6
80.0
93.2
96.9
94.6
84.4
91.7
77.1
84.3
90.2
88.4
88.8
74.2
97.3
89.1
96.4
35.1
93.0
93.7
54.6
97.9
86.1

14
17
7
12
3
16
3
18
58
29
31
10
33
15
15
3
25
15
16
18
28
15
28

34
69
49
56
100
41
39
61
78
46
41
56
48
26
58
38
65
74
45
45
59
49
62

42
86
73
80
164
52
55
95
124
60
58
90
63
31
78
54
84
100
60
69
90
73
96

58.3
60.9
91.5
96.8
79.8
83.1
98.0
84.7
57.7
47.0
86.3
89.8
78.8
73.9
75.0
87.8
75.4
91.8
93.3
93.3
85.8
55.9
71.6

c
c

c
c

..
..
48.0
22.6
29.0
58.1
22.6
14.9
26.3
22.0
..
26.2
48.0
33.5
39.9
22.7
44.2
30.0
45.4
41.3
29.3
35.0
40.5
43.7
35.3
30.9
29.0
35.1
44.2
32.5
35.8
57.7
50.1
32.0
43.6
32.8
30.1
42.0
22.5
39.0
26.5
33.4
44.6
35.0
29.7

c
c

c
c

c
c

..
..
4.9
4.4
4.6
4.7
5.1
10.7
4.5
6.2
..
5.9
1.9
7.6
1.6
2.6
2.0
3.3
7.9
1.5
10.5
8.3
1.5
6.4
4.7
10.7
..
2.6
7.1
6.5
3.0
5.0
..
5.5
4.4
2.5
9.3
5.0
1.2
7.3
2.5
3.4
17.9
..
1.6

c
c

c
c

..
..
..
..
18.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
28.0
..
13.0
160.0
..
..
..

0.1
..
0.2
0.1
4.1
..
0.2
0.1
..
0.2
..
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.2
1.3
4.6
0.1
0.4
..

..
..
200.0
22.0
30.0
..
27.0
59.0
430.0
..
..
180.0
3.1
..
..
230.0
..
38.0
..
190.0
9.1
..
17.0

0.1
0.1
3.6
20
1.2
0.1
1.3
1.8
1.3
0.1
0.3
6.3
0.1
..
1.6
3.6
0.2
10.7
0.3
4
0.4
..
0.9

0.1
..
0.3
0.2
2.2
..
0.2
0.1
..
0.3
..
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.8
3.5
0.1
0.3
..

0.1
0.1
1.8
10.3
0.6
0.1
1
1.0
0.7
0.1
0.3
3.9
0.1
..
2.8
1.8
0.1
5.8
0.1
2.3
0.2
..
0.5

..
..
27.3
..
73.7
..
38.0
..
..
..
2.4
..
17.1
..
..
27.2
..
44.0
41.5
..
..
..
..
..
37.1
68.6
..
..
..
46.5
46.6
..
6.6
38.5
..
18.0
..
33.9
..
44.9
..
..
34.6
..
39.2

c,f

c,f

..
..
74.3
75.7
82.2
..
59.0
..
..
..
29.6
..
32.4
..
..
39.3
..
55.0
43.1
..
59.1
..
45.1
..
67.3
84.5
..
..
..
66.5
..
..
8.8
50.5
..
39.1
52.3
40.6
..
60.3
..
47.3
43.8
..
54.4

..
..
5.0
65.7
5.0
..
34.6
70.0
..
42.9
..
51.9
..
61.5
14.4
9.8
73.7
93.0
5.0
25.0
..
..
71.2
95.5
25.0
5.0
76.4
5.0
34.1
38.4
79.1
97.8
83.7
38.2
74.9
..
..
15.3
95.7
30.0
60.8
43.3
63.9
..
21.0

168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187

Haiti
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Cte d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ethiopia
Malawi
Liberia
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Mozambique
Guinea
Burundi
Burkina Faso
Eritrea
Sierra Leone
Chad
Central African Republic
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

39.7
..
1.0
12.1
33.5
52.0
71.4
29.0
20.4
38.3
42.8
48.0
69.3
38.2
52.0
31.6
3.4
34.3
37.0
23.3
65.0
31.0
..
67.0
..
9.0
45.1
35.0

19
14
15
2
1
20
1
14
15
8
9
14
1
6
1
6
36
31
14
20
3
3
1
2
2
48
21
1

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

..
..
..
..

2
2
10
18

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
EU28
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

8
4
6
2
4
11
20

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

..
..

10
11

42
32
17
15
5
34
10
20
41
31
18
42
7
13
1
20
36
51
27
27

57
71
66
76
49
47
46
56
80
81
63
65
67
66
37
117
89
91
100
63

76
99
81
108
73
68
71
75
128
129
90
101
104
102
52
182
150
129
146
114

84.5
47.9
92.3
90.6
98.1
42.5
94.7
79.3
70.4
92.6
92.3
88.4
98.9
94.3
70.3
93.0
53.1
68.3
88.8
46.1

1
22
1
4
13
54
38
2

23
31
3
30
3
91
67
25

29
38
4
37
3
147
104
30

100.0
81.2
..
94.5
..
26.1
40.3
97.4

6
3
20
27

5
13
37
64

6
15
46
94

..
94.9
78.7
70.5

..
..
40.3
39.8

15
6
7
6
5
22
28

28
17
20
4
16
45
64

37
21
23
5
19
57
97

78.1
93.4
95.2
..
96.1
71.8
76.9

27.7
18.4
15.5
..
14.6
46.7
37.8

20
25

57
37

84
49

69.1
92.1

41.1
..

21.9
59.0
30.8
29.8
23.4
44.4
47.1
41.8
27.8
32.2
42.6
34.5
57.7
32.9
44.0
44.4
38.7
40.7
43.4
43.9
27.9
..
..
24.0
..
42.0
31.1
10.0

c
c

3.6
4.6
8.1
3.0
1.9
1.7
8.3
4.6
1.0
3.2
7.4
3.6
2.7
2.4
1.6
9.6
2.8
1.8
4.9
2.4

0.9
0.1
0.3
1.2
0.5
0.5
4.5
0.1
0.3
1.7
6.6
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.2
1
1.1
..
0.8
0.1

..
..
..
..
..
..
19.0
..

..
..
..
..
..
0.2
1.2
..

..
..
..
..
..
0.2
0.6
..

..
8.8
..
8.2
..
..
7.3
..

..
..
5.3
4.2

..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..

..
7.0
9.7
..
..
2.5
4.6

..
..
..
..
..
..
200.8

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

3.8
..

..
..

..
..

..
..

..
..

..
..

..
..
..
2.8
..
4.7
5.4
6.3

0.6
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.2
0.3
2.7
0.1
0.2
0.9
2.8
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.6
..
0.4
0.1

51.6
..
..
34.2
49.3
..
31.4
16.2
7.9
50.0
38.3
37.0
..
65.3
..
12.4
57.1
34.0
15.9
..

12.0
..
1.2
63.0
..
170.0
180.0
3.7
..
5.9
180.0
14.0
17.0
21.0
3.1
5.8
34.0
..
88.0
..

f
c

61.8
..
..
56.5
..
47.2
40.5
27.8
38.0
..
40.8
54.0
..
74.7
..
..
..
46.5
..
..
..
22.6
..
16.7
..
..
..
..

5.0
99.0
80.1
18.6
5.0
72.3
39.4
23.1
57.9
59.5
39.0
44.9
38.0
45.8
..
5.0
86.0
25.5
..
57.6
..
..
..
..
..
94.0
90.0
..

..
..
8.3
46.1

..
..
..
..
11.9
..
34.8
33.7
..

World

..

NOTES
a. Estimates are upper limit.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. Refers to an earlier year than that specified.
d. 0.1 or less.
e. 5% or less.
f. Based on a small denominator (typically 2549 unweighted cases).
g. 99% or greater.

DEFINITIONS
Infants exclusively breastfed: Percentage of children ages 05 months who are fed exclusively with breast
Infants lacking immunization against DPT: Percentage of surviving infants who have not received their firs
Infants lacking immunization against measles: Percentage of surviving infants who have not received the
Infant mortality rate: Probability of dying between birth and exactly age 1, expressed per 1,000 live births.
Under-five mortality rate: Probability of dying between birth and exactly age 5, expressed per 1,000 live birth
Antenatal coverage: Proportion of women who used antenatal care provided by skilled health personnel for r
Stunted children: Percentage of children ages 059 months who are more than two standard deveiations be
Overweight children: Percentage of children ages 059 months who are more than two standard deviations
Children living with HIV: Estimated number of children (ages 014) living with HIV.
HIV prevalence, youth: Percentage of the population ages 1524 who are living with HIV.
Condoms us among young people with multiple partners: Proportion of young people (ages 15-24) who r
Pregnant women living with HIV not receiving treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission: Prop
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1 and 6-13: UNICEF (2014).
Columns 2 and 3: HDRO calculations based on data from UNICEF (2014).
Columns 4 and 5: Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (2013).
Column 14: WHO 2013a

16

35

47

84.8

ages 05 months who are fed exclusively with breast milk in the 24 hours prior to the
ge of surviving infants who have not received their first dose of diphtheria, pertussis
entage of surviving infants who have not received the first dose of measles vaccine.
and exactly age 1, expressed per 1,000 live births.
birth and exactly age 5, expressed per 1,000 live births.
ntenatal care provided by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy at
onths who are more than two standard deveiations below the median height-for-age of
9 months who are more than two standard deviations above the median weight-forn (ages 014) living with HIV.
ges 1524 who are living with HIV.
tners: Proportion of young people (ages 15-24) who reported having had more than
ment to prevent mother-to-child transmission: Proportion of pregnant women living

om UNICEF (2014).
ty Estimation (2013).

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

8: Adult health and health expenditures

Adult mortality rate

(per 1000 people)

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania

Age-standardized death
from
alcohol
use

female

male

2011

2011

2008

49
46
41
55
77
51
55
53
41
62
51
44
38
57
..
42
46
..
44
53
49
59
52
51
51
40
41
60
43
71
52
38
69
52
92

77
80
69
72
131
96
85
84
72
103
85
71
64
91
..
102
84
..
75
113
94
102
84
116
118
73
91
132
102
105
74
79
207
71
267

2.9
1.0
2.3
0.9
2.1
4.3
0.4
1.6
..
6.9
1.6
2.8
0.9
1.4
..
2.2
0.3
..
0.8
4.2
3.2
1.7
3.7
3.5
4.1
0.2
0.6
1.3
0.1
..
..
0.0
8.8
0.4
0.7

per 100,000 people

Age-standardized death

Life expectancy
Agestandardised
obesity among

HIV prevalence
rate, adults

at age 60

(% of population
aged 20 years and
older)

(% aged 15-49)

years

2008

2008

2012

2010/2015

0.9
0.5
3.0
0.1
1.6
0.9
0.3
1.2
..
0.5
2.2
1.5
0.3
1.8
..
0.2
0.0
..
1.4
0.5
2.6
0.4
1.0
0.7
0.3
0.7
1.4
0.3
..
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.4

19.8
25.1
14.9
16.2
31.8
21.3
27.0
24.3
6.4
16.2
24.5
16.6
21.9
24.9
..
7.3
4.5
..
25.5
15.6
18.3
19.1
23.4
19.9
27.0
17.2
24.1
28.7
17.5
7.9
33.1
23.4
18.9
35.2
24.7

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

24.0
25.1
25.0
23.5
23.2
23.5
24.1
24.4
24.5
22.4
23.4
24.1
24.3
23.5
25.4
24.0
26.1
..
24.3
25.1
23.9
23.6
23.4
23.8
22.8
24.7
24.8
21.1
23.5
21.4
21.2
22.0
20.2
19.2
19.1

from drug
use

per 100,000 people

health-adjusted
years

female

male

2010

2010

69.7
71.8
72.4
70.2
69.5
70.9
70.7
70.9
72.6
69.5
70.5
71.2
69.9
70.1
..
72.6
75.5
..
70.9
71.9
71.2
70.6
69.9
69.6
70.7
71.9
73.0
69.6
70.4
68.6
67.4
70.6
69.3
66.6
68.4

66.3
68.4
69.1
67.9
66.2
67.1
67.7
68.3
69.6
66.3
67.2
68.0
66.9
67.1
..
67.9
70.6
..
68.3
67.0
67.0
66.5
66.9
65.0
65.7
68.3
68.8
64.8
67.0
66.2
66.2
67.1
61.7
63.9
60.0

Health expenditure

Physicians

Total

Out of pocket

(per 10,000
people)

(as % of GDP)

(% of total health
expenditure)

2011

2011

9.1
9.0
10.9
12.0
17.9
11.1
10.1
11.2
4.6
11.2
9.4
9.4
9.1
9.3
..
7.2
9.3
..
7.7
11.6
10.6
10.6
7.7
8.9
9.1
9.5
9.4
7.4
10.8
2.5
1.9
7.4
6.0
3.7
6.6

13.6
19.8
25.0
5.1
11.3
12.4
10.5
14.4
60.4
13.2
14.5
16.9
18.2
9.2
..
32.9
16.4
..
21.4
7.5
16.3
19.1
11.4
19.2
13.0
19.9
20.1
15.1
36.7
14.8
13.6
49.4
18.6
18.0
27.9

2003-2012

..
38.5
40.8
..
24.2
36.9
27.4
20.7
19.2
..
..
38.7
34.6
27.7
..
20.2
21.4
..
31.1
33.8
48.6
37.8
27.8
..
25.4
38.0
39.6
37.1
..
13.6
27.6
27.5
33.4
9.4
36.4

35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil
79
Georgia
79
Grenada
82
Peru
83
Ukraine
84
Belize

72
44
70
42
64
58
50
93
51
75
44
60
89
85

191
93
170
77
85
113
117
208
69
119
61
140
237
154

3.7
0.4
0.0
0.2
1.1
3.0
0.9
3.3
0.5
2.1
0.1
2.9
1.9
1.7

80
116
81
103
84
134
78
131
86
70
109
164
90
94
104
99
82
90
66
68
152
95
101
83
77
85
85
99
86
100
88
122
93
120
139

152
190
154
307
209
411
157
351
194
122
231
203
174
208
222
148
148
198
114
123
337
177
220
170
191
154
175
146
175
202
227
196
119
310
210

1.2
4.9
..
3.1
2.9
0.0
0.4
3.5
0.8
0.7
0.1
5.5
0.9
4.1
0.8
2.0
0.3
0.6
1.3
..
3.1
1.1
4.5
4.4
5.2
1.2
1.7
0.7
..
4.8
0.2
3.7
1.0
3.6
2.0

0.1
1.2
1.5
..
0.3
0.8
1.5
1.5
0.5
0.0
..
1.6
1.5
0.9

23.2
24.2
24.6
26.6
33.7
29.1
21.6
24.8
32.6
20.5
42.8
21.3
22.0
29.4

..
..
..
..
..
0.4
..
..
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.4

0.3
0.2
..
2.3
0.0
6.9
0.2
4.5
0.1
..
0.0
..
0.4
0.5
0.4
4.6
0.8
0.8
0.4
0.2
4.0
0.2
0.5
..
0.4
11.1
0.5
1.7
..
0.5
3.7
0.9
1.0
2.3
0.3

23.6
35.0
21.8
23.4
17.7
30.8
22.0
24.9
21.4
33.4
50.7
25.8
14.1
18.2
30.0
28.2
25.8
30.8
24.6
29.3
24.4
32.8
24.6
40.9
5.0
21.6
24.7
34.3
23.0
19.5
21.2
24.0
16.5
20.1
34.9

0.7
..
..
0.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.4
1.2
..
..
0.7
0.6
0.3
..
..
0.2
..
..
0.1
0.2
0.2
..
..
..
0.3
..
0.4
0.9
1.4

21.1
..
19.8
22.3
19.8
23.6
23.2
19.9
19.5
22.9
17.6
20.6
19.1
21.4

69.3
72.2
68.3
70.6
66.2
71.0
70.7
67.3
65.2
66.9
67.0
68.3
67.2
68.7

62.8
68.3
62.4
66.7
64.7
66.2
66.4
61.1
64.3
63.5
65.3
63.6
60.0
63.5

21.8
22.3
19.2
17.1
19.4
19.7
20.5
17.5
18.8
19.5
..
21.5
19.0
19.3
17.8
22.7
23.9
21.1
23.8
20.9
16.5
22.7
19.4
..
19.6
19.9
18.3
19.0
18.7
21.8
19.8
18.5
21.5
17.4
21.5

70.0
66.9
66.1
65.6
67.3
63.6
66.4
64.5
66.8
64.7
..
65.5
66.4
66.8
63.3
67.5
69.0
68.5
70.5
66.0
62.4
69.1
62.7
..
68.6
65.3
65.1
63.2
68.0
66.6
66.9
61.7
66.6
64.9
61.5

64.0
59.4
63.3
56.4
61.4
62.2
63.6
55.4
61.5
61.9
..
61.2
62.6
61.2
55.7
65.9
64.3
61.7
67.3
61.8
53.9
64.7
54.2
..
62.3
61.5
59.9
64.8
64.0
61.1
59.3
57.4
64.8
56.6
57.3

20.7
39.1
30.0
32.3
19.3
10.3
..
34.1
14.9
67.2
17.9
27.2
29.0
31.6

6.7
7.2
8.7
8.7
3.3
7.5
10.4
7.7
3.8
10.0
2.7
7.8
6.2
8.1

22.9
19.6
26.2
33.9
16.2
37.2
27.3
26.2
16.6
5.3
16.1
14.6
39.6
24.7

37.4
28.2
20.3
37.6
23.9
19.0
20.5
43.1
37.6
18.1
13.8
..
12.0
10.6
11.8
35.4
..
..
..
17.1
38.4
19.6
15.1
..
4.9
8.9
33.8
25.6
21.1
17.6
42.4
6.6
9.2
35.2
8.3

8.0
7.7
9.3
5.3
5.8
4.4
2.3
6.2
7.3
7.7
10.6
5.9
3.6
5.9
5.7
6.3
8.2
5.2
10.9
6.7
3.9
6.2
3.8
4.4
3.4
6.0
5.2
8.4
10.4
8.9
9.9
6.2
4.8
7.2
5.7

13.1
28.7
30.0
26.7
19.4
31.2
11.4
35.4
43.2
29.0
11.6
28.2
41.7
53.0
38.5
56.5
26.8
57.0
27.2
16.1
41.5
46.5
5.4
41.8
45.9
58.5
70.1
24.7
36.2
31.3
69.5
50.5
38.4
45.2
23.4

84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
132

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

74
Bosnia and Herzegovina
66
Armenia
94
Fiji
153
Thailand
102
Tunisia
72
China
81
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
115
Algeria
100
Dominica
118
Albania
87
Jamaica
103
Saint Lucia
88
Colombia
76
Ecuador
89
Suriname
111
Tonga
242
Dominican Republic
148
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

137
141
228
244
207
134
112
176
123
222
123
188
180
154
162
194
123
165

1.8
0.2
1.3
0.2
1.9
1.6
0.9
4.1
0.5
1.9
0.1
0.1
1.9
0.0
3.7
0.7
0.0
1.8

Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia
Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua

91
309
375
177
..
200
301
141
176
300
222
269
294
213
256
474
132
207
379
128
269
177
282
279
282
259
163
141
166
204

3.6
0.8
5.9
0.1
..
1.0
0.6
0.4
3.2
0.7
1.5
2.8
22.8
0.3
0.9
0.9
0.6
0.3
1.1
0.9
0.5
0.1
14.7
1.7
0.5
0.9
13.7
0.8
0.1
10.5

61
147
201
105
..
166
238
85
97
266
165
109
138
132
137
407
75
116
258
87
103
152
155
135
242
224
114
89
117
119

1.0
2.8
0.6
..
0.9
4.6
0.0
0.7
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.0
..
1.2
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.1

20.3
24.2
23.4
31.9
8.5
23.8
5.6
25.1
17.5
25.0
21.1
24.6
22.3
18.1
22.0
25.8
59.6
21.9

..
..
0.2
0.2
1.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
..
1.7
..
0.5
0.6
1.1
..
0.7

1.5
0.0
0.5
0.2
..
1.0
0.3
13.5
0.3
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.1
1.0
0.3
0.4
2.9
6.9
0.6
1.7
0.4
0.2
9.4
1.3
0.3
1.0
0.3
8.0
0.3
0.3

16.1
16.4
14.3
55.5
..
4.7
13.5
34.6
19.2
15.0
18.9
20.4
26.9
17.3
6.4
33.5
31.6
29.4
16.9
1.6
11.5
42.0
20.7
17.2
10.9
2.9
19.8
17.3
29.8
24.2

0.1
0.1
..
..
..
0.4
23.0
0.1
0.3
4.0
0.3
0.7
0.6
0.1
0.1
17.9
..
..
1.3
0.4
0.2
..
0.7
0.3
13.3
..
0.5
0.1
..
0.3

c
c

19.1
20.2
20.0
17.0
21.4
20.2
19.5
19.7
17.9
..
21.1
21.3
21.0
21.3
23.6
18.5
18.6
21.9

66.4
68.1
67.2
59.0
67.8
67.5
70.4
62.5
64.6
65.0
67.0
64.6
64.1
67.1
68.5
63.0
63.2
64.5

63.2
64.4
59.9
57.1
62.7
64.6
65.5
58.1
63.8
58.3
62.5
61.0
59.0
62.4
64.4
58.5
58.9
60.1

21.0
16.3
17.0
18.9
18.7
17.8
16.4
17.5
20.8
18.2
18.6
16.2
22.0
18.3
17.0
16.0
19.9
17.5
16.6
22.4
19.9
17.3
21.5
16.8
17.3
16.9
22.1
17.9
18.0
22.2

68.9
60.3
63.0
63.2
64.0
62.5
61.3
60.8
64.4
52.8
61.5
64.6
67.0
61.7
63.2
52.7
67.5
60.9
57.6
69.1
66.4
58.6
63.8
61.4
55.1
59.2
62.2
61.9
57.4
66.3

67.3
53.0
57.1
59.8
60.5
59.3
57.1
57.5
61.3
47.4
60.1
57.5
60.5
57.1
57.4
49.1
64.6
60.8
52.5
62.6
60.8
55.2
58.1
54.1
50.0
56.9
61.0
60.3
54.3
61.9

26.2
16.9
28.5
4.3
3.0
12.2
14.6
..
12.1
..
11.1
4.1
..
14.7
16.9
9.1
5.6
..

6.6
10.2
4.3
3.8
4.1
6.2
5.2
4.9
3.9
5.9
6.3
4.9
7.2
6.1
7.3
5.3
5.3
5.4

38.3
31.3
57.4
21.0
13.7
39.5
34.8
18.3
18.2
23.6
55.0
32.5
51.1
17.0
49.4
11.0
11.1
40.0

16.0
27.6
..
4.8
..
2.0
3.4
28.3
..
2.9
..
36.4
16.0
25.4
11.5
7.6
15.0
6.1
2.1
12.2
3.0
1.8
9.3
24.7
3.7
1.0
3.7
6.2
1.2
3.7

8.5
5.3
2.7
7.0
..
2.7
5.1
4.9
9.7
3.2
4.9
11.4
6.8
5.4
4.1
8.5
3.7
8.3
5.9
6.8
4.8
13.4
6.7
6.5
5.3
5.1
8.6
6.0
4.1
10.1

49.1
39.7
39.2
7.1
..
49.9
5.0
58.2
56.1
46.6
25.8
44.9
32.3
43.9
55.9
7.2
51.0
19.3
18.0
55.7
23.4
9.0
53.4
34.4
7.7
4.0
47.9
58.0
6.9
42.2

133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
Nepal
146
Pakistan
147
Kenya
148
Swaziland
149
Angola
150
Myanmar
151
Rwanda
152
Cameroon
152
Nigeria
154
Yemen
155
Madagascar
156
Zimbabwe
157
Papua New Guinea
157
Solomon Islands
159
Comoros
159
Tanzania (United Republic of)
161
Mauritania
162
Lesotho
163
Senegal
164
Uganda
165
Benin
166
Sudan
166
Togo
168
Haiti
169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi

164
156
159
157
220
217
164
287
377
136
189
331

340
180
247
210
260
252
204
332
426
163
234
369

..
0.5
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.8
1.2
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.8
1.0

157
152
294
504
331
181
291
372
360
185
167
473
235
159
229
322
218
541
239
363
270
216
313
223
245
308
310
237
265
347
292
304
352
421
294
321

183
186
346
558
383
231
344
415
393
234
213
501
312
201
275
363
287
583
293
410
326
279
359
258
289
352
348
295
306
384
331
369
405
457
348
370

1.0
0.4
0.7
0.7
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.5
0.8
0.8
1.1
0.1
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.3
0.8
9.2
0.7
0.1
1.1
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.9
0.9

0.1
3.4
1.9
2.2
7.1
2.1
8.9
0.2
0.3
2.3
0.4
0.3

45.8
9.9
1.9
5.5
2.3
8.0
3.0
5.3
4.2
1.1
11.3
11.5

..
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.8
1.4
0.3
2.8
12.7
0.1
1.0
..

1.2
6.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
3.8
0.0
0.3
1.7
13.1
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
3.5
0.2
0.3
33.1
14.9
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2

1.5
5.9
4.7
23.4
7.2
4.1
4.3
11.1
7.1
16.7
1.7
8.6
15.9
32.1
4.4
5.4
14.0
16.9
8.0
4.6
6.5
6.6
4.6
8.4
2.4
10.4
6.7
8.5
1.2
4.5
5.5
4.8
5.4
5.4
4.7
3.3

0.3
0.1
6.1
26.5
2.3
0.6
2.9
4.5
3.1
0.1
0.5
14.7
0.5
..
2.1
5.1
0.4
23.1
0.5
7.2
1.1
..
2.9
2.1
0.1
1.2
3.2
1.3
1.3
10.8
0.9
0.9
3.9
11.1
1.7
1.3

17.4
18.2
17.0
19.5
23.8
15.5
17.1
17.1
17.0
18.4
18.2
15.9

54.7
61.0
57.7
61.5
60.0
56.1
57.8
51.6
48.7
59.8
60.6
51.1

49.6
56.5
54.9
58.2
55.9
54.5
54.1
48.4
46.8
57.1
58.5
46.7

17.1
17.4
17.8
16.3
15.7
16.6
17.8
16.4
13.7
16.2
16.9
18.8
14.9
16.9
15.9
17.9
16.4
15.5
16.2
17.5
15.6
17.4
14.5
17.2
15.9
17.5
13.9
15.2
17.8
17.0
15.4
15.4
14.9
16.8
14.8
16.0

59.9
58.0
56.8
43.3
54.0
58.3
56.4
51.4
50.8
55.3
54.7
46.1
51.5
55.3
54.6
52.6
55.0
42.6
56.5
52.8
55.1
58.1
52.0
37.1
46.2
54.1
50.6
54.2
53.5
46.4
47.9
48.4
49.5
46.1
50.6
46.8

57.6
55.2
54.2
40.4
49.7
53.2
53.2
49.0
50.0
55.3
53.0
43.3
49.6
53.0
53.4
51.8
53.5
37.7
54.8
50.1
52.2
55.9
50.0
27.8
48.5
52.9
45.4
52.3
51.4
43.7
47.6
48.8
46.7
42.9
49.8
45.5

3.8
19.0
6.5
0.7
2.3
0.9
1.9
1.0
0.7
3.6
4.9
3.0

10.1
5.8
3.9
4.1
5.7
4.8
2.8
2.5
6.1
3.7
7.7
4.0

1.3
60.1
59.4
15.3
56.9
29.1
39.7
31.5
27.0
61.3
56.9
31.6

2.1
8.1
1.8
1.7
1.7
5.0
0.6
0.8
4.0
2.0
1.6
0.6
0.5
2.2
1.5
0.1
1.3
0.5
0.6
1.2
0.6
2.8
0.5
..
1.9
2.3
1.4
1.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.7
0.3
1.0
0.3

5.4
2.5
4.5
8.0
3.5
2.0
10.8
5.2
5.3
5.5
4.1
..
4.3
8.8
5.3
7.3
5.4
12.8
6.0
9.5
4.6
8.4
8.0
7.9
9.6
7.9
6.8
4.4
4.7
8.4
19.5
6.8
6.3
6.6
6.0
8.7

54.8
63.0
46.4
13.1
27.3
80.7
21.4
65.1
60.4
78.1
25.2
..
11.7
3.0
42.2
31.7
37.3
17.9
32.7
47.8
42.6
69.1
40.4
22.1
79.4
31.6
64.3
22.3
33.8
14.2
17.7
54.3
41.3
9.0
67.4
43.6

181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

236
259
438
311
420
358
272

298
347
459
373
466
411
312

0.9
0.6
1.2
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.1

131
392
51
57
46
316
344
283

203
433
110
105
56
399
378
251

0.8
0.2
2.0
0.9
..
2.1
..
0.2

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

59
89
157
270

109
152
230
313

1.9
1.6
1.3
0.9

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

111
99
104
98
153
327

160
137
216
181
228
372

0.7
1.0
2.3
3.4
1.1
0.9

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

246
155

289
206

1.0
3.0

World

127

188

1.4

NOTES
a. Data are annual average of projected values for 2010-2015.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. 0.1 or less.

DEFINITIONS
Adult mortality rate: Probability that a 15-year-old will die before reaching age 60, expressed per 1,000 peop
Age-standardized death rate from alcohol use: The weighted average of the age-specific mortality rates fro
Age-standardized death rate from drug use: The weighted average of the age-specific mortality rates from
Age-standardized obesity rate, adult: The weighted average of the age-specific obesity rate (with obesity de
HIV prevalence rate, adult: Percentage of the population ages 1549 who are living with HIV.

0.3
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3

2.4
1.8
7.0
3.1
3.7
1.9
2.5

1.0
0.7
1.5
2.7
..
1.1
0.5

15.1
15.1
12.5
15.6
15.9
15.2
15.5

48.8
52.0
50.7
48.6
41.7
48.1
49.4

45.4
50.3
47.6
45.1
37.7
44.7
48.5

0.6
0.2
..
..
..
6.4
..
0.1

3.8
46.5
..
71.1
..
5.3
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
0.5
2.7
..

16.8
..
..
..
..
16.1
16.4
..

64.4
55.8
..
..
..
48.2
..
..

60.3
53.1
..
..
..
46.8
..
..

1.0
0.9
2.3
2.9

22.0
12.5
5.9
5.4

..
..
..
..

23.0
19.9
18.5
16.2

70.9
68.6
59.5
53.0

66.9
63.6
56.3
50.7

6.6
0.4
1.4
0.8
3.2
0.6

25.5
5.6
23.1
23.6
3.2
7.6

..
..
..
..
..
..

19.0
18.5
18.7
21.2
18.6
16.6

61.8
68.2
64.8
66.8
58.3
51.6

60.0
63.5
58.9
62.0
55.5
49.4

2.7
0.3

3.6
18.6

..
..

16.8
19.3

53.7
57.1

51.3
52.5

1.7

11.6

..

20.7

63.7

59.8

e before reaching age 60, expressed per 1,000 people.

eighted average of the age-specific mortality rates from alcohol use per 100,000 people,
hted average of the age-specific mortality rates from drug use per 100,000 persons, where
erage of the age-specific obesity rate (with obesity defined as having a body mass index of 30 kilograms
n ages 1549 who are living with HIV.

0.5
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.5
1.1
0.2

6.5
2.6
18.8
4.3
3.8
8.5
5.3

36.6
51.2
74.9
70.5
43.4
43.5
37.6

32.9
4.4
70.6
7.1
48.8
0.4
..
10.9

..
16.5
4.4
..
7.2
..
1.6
17.3

..
12.6
7.0
8.0
14.7
..
55.4
0.1

27.8
17.2
7.4
2.8

12.2
6.0
4.6
5.2

13.7
33.8
44.7
52.7

13.7
12.1
26.2
..
6.3
1.8

4.3
4.8
6.3
7.6
4.2
6.3

31.1
35.9
28.5
34.4
59.7
27.6

1.7
25.5

5.6
5.6

48.2
33.6

13.4

10.1

17.8

Life expectancy at age 60: Additional number of years that a 60-year-old could expect to live if prevailing pat
Health-adjusted life expectancy: Average number of years that a person can expect to live in full health, tak
Physicians per 10,000 people: Number of medical doctors (physicians), both generalists and specialists, exp
Health expenditure, total: Current and capital spending on health from government (central and local) budge
(including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations) and social (or compulso
Out-of-pocket health expenditure: Household direct payments to public and private providers of health care
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1-6 and 10: WHO (2013a).
Column 7: UNDESA (2013a).
Columns 8 and 9: Salomon and others (2012).
Column 11: World Bank (2013a).
Column 12: WHO (2013b).

hat a 60-year-old could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates stay the same
ars that a person can expect to live in full health, taking into account years lived in less than full health
ors (physicians), both generalists and specialists, expressed per 10,000 people.
on health from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowing and grants
governmental organizations) and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds, expressed as a
yments to public and private providers of health care services and nonprofit institutions and nonreimbursable

9: Education
Literacy rates

Adult

Youth

(% aged 15 and
above)
HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia

2005-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
95.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.7
99.0
97.7
..
97.3
95.4
96.3
98.7
99.8

(% aged 15-24)
d

2005-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.9
99.9
99.6
..
99.4
99.7
96.8
99.8
99.8

Gross enrolment ratios

Population with at
least some
secondary education

Pre-primary

Primary

Secondary

(% aged 25 and above)

(% of children of
pre-school age)

(% of primary
school-age
population)

(% of secondary
school-age
population)

2005-2012

97.1
94.4
95.7
89.0
95.0
96.6
95.2
100.0
77.4
96.1
79.6
86.9
91.3
99.9
75.4
82.9
86.4
..
85.8
80.5
100.0
80.1
100.0
100.0
96.9
75.7
69.9
99.8
63.1
63.8
60.5
78.7
100.0

2003-2012

99
95
100
90
73
112
93
71
..
100
67
95
97
85
101
118
87
95
97
110
101
119
89
70
91
98
127
103
76
92
73
79
90

2003-2012

99
104
103
108
99
101
100
99
..
100
105
101
99
107
101
104
103
105
104
108
100
104
97
99
98
100
104
102
103
95
103
101
98

2003-2012

113
133
96
128
94
102
120
102
..
120
118
97
109
97
106
97
102
111
102
110
98
106
101
107
98
101
129
96
111
108
112
93
109

ment ratios

Education quality

Tertiary

Primary
school
dropout rates

Primary
school
teachers
trained to
teach

(% of tertiary
school-age
population)

(% of primary
school cohort)

(%)

2003-2012

73
83
54
76
95
57
81
..
..
74
73
74
81
61
60
101
60
44
62
57
71
69
18
96
85
64
83
65
91
24
12
47
72

2003-2012

0.7
..
..
..
6.9
3.4
..
..
1.3
1.1
..
4.4
2.9
..
1.0
1.0
0.1
20.6
1.1
..
0.6
6.7
..
0.4
1.4
0.5
2.2
0.8
2.6
3.6
6.4
4.7
2.5

2003-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
94
..
..
..
..
..
96
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
88
49
..
..

Performance of 15 year old

students

Mathematics Reading
a

Science

2012

2012

2012

489
504
531
523
481
514
500
518
573
500
501
478
493
494
561
554
536
535
466
495
506
515
490
519
501
485
484
499
453
..
376
440
521

504
512
509
511
498
508
512
523
542
496
523
483
483
499
545
536
538
516
486
505
490
509
488
524
481
490
488
493
477
..
388
449
516

495
521
515
522
497
524
516
525
551
498
522
485
478
514
555
538
547
525
470
499
506
505
491
545
514
494
496
508
467
..
384
438
541

uality

Pupilteacher
ratio

Expenditure
on education

(number
of pupils
per
teacher)
2003-2012

..
..
..
..
14
12
15
..
17
..
16
9
10
17
14
19
17
8
13
18
11
11
9
14
17
10
12
19
10
11
10
13
12

(% of GDP)
a

2005-2012

6.9
5.1
5.4
6.0
5.6
5.1
7.2
5.5
3.3
8.7
6.5
7.0
7.8
5.6
3.4
5.0
3.8
2.1
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.6
..
6.8
5.7
4.5
5.0
4.2
4.1
3.3
2.5
7.3
5.7

34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil
79
Georgia

87.2
99.7
99.7
..
..
92.4
90.0
98.6
95.4
99.0
94.6
99.8
93.9
98.9
99.8
97.9

98.0
99.8
100.0
..
..
98.3
95.0
98.9
99.7
98.9
98.2
100.0
98.6
99.6
99.7
99.2

98.1
..
98.5
99.6
97.7
89.5
86.9
99.7
98.4
..
..
99.0
93.1
88.8
98.8
89.6
94.1
95.5
96.3
94.1
99.7
93.5
91.8
..
91.2
85.0
99.8
95.9
98.0
90.4
99.7

98.8
..
99.3
99.8
97.2
99.9
97.7
99.7
97.9
..
..
..
98.4
96.8
99.6
98.7
97.6
98.5
98.3
98.7
99.8
98.5
99.1
..
98.2
98.7
100.0
99.1
99.3
97.5
99.8

66.5
91.4
82.3
49.4
99.3
73.3
62.7
74.8
48.0
98.3
78.0
77.1
56.0
89.1
98.9
56.3
52.5
89.6
89.2
89.3
88.9
49.6
53.9
90.9
94.3
88.6
..
..
69.4
53.6
59.3
54.2
62.1
53.7
53.6
49.4
99.3
58.0
66.8
..
74.0
65.1
95.5
74.1
65.6
53.6
92.0

e
g
g

13
77
74
112
90
114
71
112
83
87
50
109
81
64
90
75

103
99
99
..
102
96
108
102
112
101
..
99
106
94
105
118

114
107
97
..
94
95
..
90
110
101
96
90
100
98
99
90

89
..
61
103
78
10
55
90
85
79
..
83
78
120
83
91
65
72
73
29
54
99
110
96
87
35
27
34
56
..
58

112
108
101
99
96
114
109
99
101
105
101
101
101
108
106
107
100
102
107
102
105
104
107
88
99
106
96
99
93
..
106

90
93
91
106
96
104
94
85
93
105
96
106
67
96
86
74
84
85
101
89
98
84
101
79
99
86
100
89
92
..
87

51
77
74
..
55
39
..
71
66
60
33
62
22
59
67
75

1.3
3.6
1.5
35.4
1.9
3.7
15.6
2.1
..
1.9
2.2
3.5
5.9
0.7
6.9
4.7

91
..
..
100
..
..
100
..
..
..
82
100
78
100
..
..

..
479
518
..
482
..
434
423
487
477
..
..
..
471
491
388

..
477
518
..
463
..
442
441
488
488
..
..
..
485
489
396

..
496
526
..
471
..
448
445
489
494
..
..
..
491
502
406

63
..
56
91
52
61
16
75
60
61
..
14
37
40
12
46
42
78
47
61
45
28
1
18
14
55
20
40
52
..
28

5.3
10.5
19.5
0.9
5.2
..
6.4
3.9
3.4
6.6
..
8.7
0.8
2.7
10.6
6.7
8.4
6.1
9.0
5.0
0.7
5.0
6.0
26.5
2.7
3.8
1.8
2.1
1.6
..
6.9

..
92
..
100
..
..
..
..
..
55
..
65
..
100
88
10
90
..
91
..
..
96
99
61
82
98
100
..
56
..
95

409
..
410
..
445
..
..
482
439
..
..
..
421
..
..
..
..
..
407
448
432
413
..
..
..
..
..
386
449
391
..

411
..
422
..
438
..
..
475
436
..
..
..
398
..
..
..
..
..
441
475
393
424
..
..
..
..
..
399
446
410
..

416
..
410
..
439
..
..
486
446
..
..
..
420
..
..
..
..
..
429
463
425
415
..
..
..
..
..
409
445
405
..

11
12
10
10
15
13
18
22
11
11
12
9
9
14
11
16

5.6
5.4
5.2
3.0
4.2
5.4
..
4.1
5.8
4.9
2.9
12.9
3.8
4.3
5.0
5.8

14
14
8
15
17
..
20
18
17
13
..
15
13
21
18
14
23
..
17
..
16
28
13
16
24
20
12
20
16
..
6

2.9
..
..
5.2
4.2
..
4.3
4.1
4.1
7.5
..
2.5
5.1
3.7
..
1.6
4.1
3.6
6.3
2.9
3.1
5.3
4.8
4.2
2.0
4.7
2.8
..
4.7
5.8
2.7

79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127

Grenada
..
Peru
89.6
Ukraine
99.7
Belize
..
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
97.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina
98.0
Armenia
99.6
Fiji
..
Thailand
93.5
Tunisia
79.1
China
95.1
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
Algeria
72.6
Dominica
..
Albania
96.8
Jamaica
87.0
Saint Lucia
..
Colombia
93.6
Ecuador
91.6
Suriname
94.7
Tonga
99.0
Dominican Republic
90.1
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
98.4
Mongolia
97.4
Turkmenistan
99.6
Samoa
98.8
Palestine, State of
95.3
Indonesia
92.8
Botswana
85.1
Egypt
73.9
Paraguay
93.9
Gabon
89.0
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
91.2
Moldova (Republic of)
99.0
El Salvador
84.5
Uzbekistan
99.4
Philippines
95.4
South Africa
93.0
Syrian Arab Republic
84.1
Iraq
78.5
Guyana
85.0
Viet Nam
93.4
Cape Verde
84.9
Micronesia (Federated States of)
..
Guatemala
75.9
Kyrgyzstan
99.2
Namibia
76.5

..
97.4
99.8
..
98.7
99.7
99.8
..
98.1
97.2
99.6
..
91.8
..
98.8
95.6
..
98.2
98.7
98.4
99.4
97.0
99.3
95.7
99.8
99.5
99.3
98.8
95.2
89.3
98.6
97.9
99.4
100.0
96.0
99.9
97.8
98.8
95.3
82.4
93.1
97.1
98.4
..
87.4
99.8
87.1

..
61.1
93.5
76.1
47.8
56.8
94.4
57.8
38.1
39.3
65.3
..
24.1
26.5
84.8
72.6
..
56.3
39.8
45.9
87.9
54.4
14.9
84.7
..
62.1
56.7
44.5
75.5
51.2
38.8
24.0
53.1
95.0
39.8
..
64.8
74.3
34.1
32.4
31.2
65.0
..
..
22.6
95.6
33.5

g
g

g
g

g
g

g
g

99
77
101
47
26
16
51
18
112
..
62
80
79
95
69
113
61
49
150
88
35
37

103
105
106
121
90
..
102
105
97
110
128
105
117
119
..
..
87
107
114
114
110
105

108
91
98
84
82
..
96
90
87
91
87
101
98
97
82
93
91
93
87
85
91
75

95
86
..
34
42
42
18
27
35
35
51
80
63
25
51
77
11
7
63
77
75
..
64
25
30

98
117
..
105
94
109
106
109
97
165
94
94
114
93
106
102
122
107
80
105
112
112
114
106
109

72
103
..
86
83
81
82
76
68
..
77
75
67
105
85
102
74
53
105
..
93
83
65
88
65

53
43
80
26
41
38
46
62
51
35
24
..
31
..
55
26
10
45
39
..
6
33

..
18.5
1.9
9.1
2.5
16.7
4.4
9.1
..
5.3
..
31.4
7.2
12.2
1.2
4.8
10.4
15.3
8.6
9.7
9.6
25.2

65
..
100
54
..
..
77
100
..
100
..
85
99
61
..
..
88
100
84
100
..
85

..
368
..
..
..
..
..
..
427
388
613
..
..
..
394
..
..
376
..
..
..
..

..
384
..
..
..
..
..
..
441
404
570
..
..
..
394
..
..
403
..
..
..
..

..
373
..
..
..
..
..
..
444
398
580
..
..
..
397
..
..
399
..
..
..
..

13
61
..
..
49
27
7
29
35
..
38
38
25
9
28
..
26
16
13
25
21
..
18
41
9

..
7.0
..
10.0
0.7
12.0
7.0
1.1
17.4
..
13.8
4.2
16.0
1.9
24.2
..
6.8
..
16.5
2.5
10.7
..
29.1
2.9
15.5

81
99
..
..
100
..
100
..
..
100
..
..
96
100
..
87
..
100
68
100
95
..
..
72
98

..
..
..
..
..
375
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
511
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
396
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
508
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
382
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
528
..
..
..
..
..

16
20
16
22
16
..
19
31
16
17
17
16
23
16
19
28
17
25
18
15
21
25

..
2.6
5.3
6.6
..
..
3.1
4.1
5.8
6.2
..
5.1
4.3
3.5
3.3
6.4
4.4
4.5
5.2
..
..
2.2

12
29
..
30
24
16
25
28
28
25
24
16
29
16
31
30
..
17
25
19
23
..
26
24
41

7.2
5.5
..
5.8
..
2.8
7.8
3.8
4.1
..
7.6
8.6
3.4
..
2.7
6.0
5.1
..
3.6
6.6
5.6
..
2.8
5.8
8.4

128
Timor-Leste
129
Honduras
129
Morocco
131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166
168
169
170
171
172
173

Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo
Haiti
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Cte d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ethiopia

58.3
85.1
67.1
83.2
78.0
..
99.7
62.8
52.8
73.9
71.5
72.7
..
61.4
57.7
69.5
94.2

79.5
95.9
81.5
94.6
87.0
..
99.9
81.1
74.4
87.1
85.7
83.9
..
64.0
78.7
80.2
98.1

57.4
54.9
72.2
87.8
70.4
92.7
65.9
71.3
51.1
65.3
64.5
83.6
62.4
..
75.5
67.8
58.6
75.8
49.7
73.2
28.7
71.9
60.4
48.7
..
..
56.9
51.1
39.0

82.4
70.7
82.4
93.7
73.0
96.1
77.3
80.6
66.4
86.4
64.9
90.9
70.8
..
86.0
74.6
69.0
83.2
65.0
87.4
42.4
87.3
79.9
72.3
..
..
67.5
68.1
55.0

..
27.0
28.0
..
37.6
..
92.4
38.7
34.4
15.5
54.3
29.7
46.2
35.0
26.7
..
..
28.3
33.2
28.6
48.1
..
17.8
7.7
27.9
..
16.0
..
55.4
10.5
..
..
7.4
14.2
20.9
10.8
28.8
18.4
15.5
29.8
29.1
20.3
..
22.1
24.0
12.5

g
g

g
g

g
g

g
g

g
g

g
g
g
g
g

g
g

10
42
59
61
55
..
9
58
9
15
114
24
14
..
26
50
73

125
109
116
122
117
116
100
113
112
124
110
123
109
114
114
118
91

57
73
69
60
69
86
86
69
74
45
58
47
54
101
51
71
..

82
49
51
25
87
9
13
30
13
2
9
..
100
43
24
34
..
36
14
14
19
..
11
..
..
4
5
30
18

139
93
112
115
140
114
134
111
81
97
145
..
60
141
117
93
97
111
84
110
123
..
133
..
97
70
94
85
95

66
37
60
60
32
50
32
50
44
47
38
38
..
48
73
35
27
52
41
28
48
..
55
..
52
44
..
57
37

18
21
16
5
18
..
22
23
9
16
12
17
10
..
13
8
..

16.4
30.4
8.4
28.5
51.6
..
2.0
..
5.1
34.1
27.8
30.1
29.7
46.9
33.8
33.9
27.9

..
36
100
100
75
85
94
..
91
100
52
97
80
..
58
48
49

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

14
10
4
6
7
14
7
12
10
10
4
6
..
..
11
4
5
11
8
9
12
..
10
..
4
5
8
4
8

38.3
39.0
..
32.7
68.1
25.2
64.4
30.2
20.1
..
59.3
..
..
36.6
..
18.6
18.8
36.8
38.6
75.2
40.7
9.1
48.3
..
..
..
17.8
17.2
63.4

93
84
97
78
..
100
96
79
66
..
95
..
..
54
55
97
100
68
65
95
47
60
83
..
..
100
99
63
57

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

31
34
26
22
30
25
23
35
24
46
33
27
44
49
40
29
26

10.1
..
5.4
5.2
4.7
..
3.9
3.3
4.7
2.6
8.2
3.3
6.2
1.3
2.2
..
..

28
41
47
29
46
28
59
46
36
30
43
39
36
24
28
46
40
34
32
48
44
38
42
..
44
35
42
34
54

4.7
2.4
6.7
7.8
3.5
0.8
4.8
3.2
..
5.2
2.8
2.5
..
7.3
7.6
6.2
3.7
13.0
5.6
3.3
5.3
..
4.6
..
..
8.4
4.6
3.9
4.7

174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

61.3
42.9
33.4
55.3
50.6
25.3
86.9
28.7
68.9
43.3
35.4
56.6
61.2
28.7

72.1
49.1
46.9
73.2
67.1
31.4
88.9
39.3
90.1
61.0
47.9
65.6
65.8
36.5

100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

..
94.2
71.7
58.2

..
98.9
85.9
70.2

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
EU28
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

77.0
94.4
97.7
..
91.5
62.9
58.9

89.9
98.8
99.4
..
97.1
80.6
69.2

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

59.3
..

71.5
..

World

81.2

87.9

NOTES
a. Average score for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries is 494.
b. Average score for OECD countries is 496.
c. Average score for OECD countries is 501.

8.6
27.3
10.9
..
3.6
..
7.1
2.0
..
14.8
5.5
17.9
16.5
48.3

..
..
4
7
..
16
5
4
13
9
1
6
4
6

141
102
88
116
105
91
137
85
42
131
95
95
111
71

34
45
51
34
26
39
28
26
30
..
23
18
43
16

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
48
..
94
108
..
..
105

..
105
..
93
92
29
..
100

..
103
..
63
95
7
..
..

86.9
64.9
47.5
22.1

85
67
51
24

103
118
111
98

101
87
70
39

41.1
..
75.6
85.9
54.7
38.4
28.1

32
58
43
98
79
54
24

105
120
101
103
106
110
100

76
84
95
104
85
64
43

..
..

20
67

105
96

42
79

63.6

52

108

74

g
g

ation and Development (OECD) countries is 494.

1
..
7
3
5
9
3
5
2
..
2
3
8
2

50.9
32.2
38.4
..
69.4
41.4
56.2
31.0
31.0
..
61.9
53.4
29.3
30.7

78
56
52
39
84
75
95
95
90
55
62
58
94
97

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
43
..
..
64
..
..
..

..
16.5
..
..
3.8
..
..
..

..
..
..
74
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

76
35
23
8

3.6
8.1
18.3
42.7

..
..
..
..

28
..
50
65
44
22
8

5.8
..
4.1
2.8
14.6
21.2
37.7

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

9
..

39.9
15.8

..
..

31

17.1

..

74
27
48
52
55
44
47
48
41
33
61
80
35
39

5.4
1.9
4.7
..
5.0
3.1
6.1
3.4
2.1
2.7
2.6
1.2
2.5
4.5

..
..
..
22
6
36
..
19

..
..
1.6
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..

5.3
4.6
3.7
3.7

..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
3.4
5.5
5.2
3.4
5.2

..
..

3.7
..

..

5.0

d. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
e. Refers to population ages 25-64.
f. Refers to population ages 25-74.
g. Barro and Lee (2013) estimate for 2010 based on data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
DEFINITIONS

Adult literacy rate: Percentage of the population ages 15 and older who can, with understanding, both read and write a
Youth literacy rate: Percentage of the population ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, both read and write a short
Population with at least some secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that reached at
Gross enrolment ratio: Total enrolment in a given level of education (pre-primary, primary, secondary or tertiary), regar
Primary school dropout rate: Percentage of students from a given cohort that have enrolled in primary school but that
Primary school teachers trained to teach: Percentage of primary school teachers that have received the minimum org
Performance of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics and science: Score obtained in testing of skills and k
Pupil-teacher ratio: Average number of pupils per teacher in primary education in a given school year.
Education expenditure: Total public expenditure (current and capital) on education, expressed as a percentage of GDP

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1-9 and 13: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
Columns 10-12: OECD (2013).
Column 14: World Bank (2013a).

a from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics.

d older who can, with understanding, both read and write a short simple statement on their everyday life.
who can, with understanding, both read and write a short simple statement on their everyday life.
entage of the population ages 25 and older that reached at least a secondary level of education.
ucation (pre-primary, primary, secondary or tertiary), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the official school-age
given cohort that have enrolled in primary school but that drop out before reaching the last grade of primary education. It is calculated as 100 minus the
imary school teachers that have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching at the primary level.
tics and science: Score obtained in testing of skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students in these subjects essential for participation in society.
primary education in a given school year.
d capital) on education, expressed as a percentage of GDP.

ryday life.
life.
n.
ntage of the official school-age
ade of primary education. It is calculated as 100 minus the
e or in-service) required for teaching at the primary level.
n these subjects essential for participation in society.

10: Command over and allocation of resources

Gross domestic Product

Gross fixed
capital
formation

(2011 PPP$)

(billions)
HDI rank

Country

2012

per capita
2012

(% of GDP)
2005-2012

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
17
18
19
20
21
21
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Norway
Australia
Switzerland
Netherlands
United States
Germany
New Zealand
Canada
Singapore
Denmark
Ireland
Sweden
Iceland
United Kingdom
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
Korea (Republic of)
Japan
Liechtenstein
Israel
France
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Finland
Slovenia
Italy
Spain
Czech Republic
Greece
Brunei Darussalam
Qatar

315.5
960.6
410.2
711.3
15,965.5
3,375.2
143.5
1,410.6
379.7
232.2
196.9
398.3
12.4
2,207.0
359.8
1,474.9
4,465.4
..
242.1
2,369.9
363.7
439.5
46.0
206.3
56.4
2,004.6
1,458.9
281.0
281.7
29.3
274.2

62,858
42,278
51,293
42,453
50,859
41,966
32,360
40,588
71,475
41,524
42,919
41,840
38,553
34,694
50,291
29,495
35,006
..
30,600
36,074
43,139
39,498
86,587
38,104
27,394
33,668
31,198
26,733
25,391
71,080
133,713

20.6
27.9
20.4
16.8
14.7
17.6
18.8
22.0
24.1
17.6
10.0
18.8
14.4
14.2
26.4
26.7
20.6
..
20.4
19.8
21.4
20.7
20.2
19.4
17.8
18.2
19.1
23.6
13.1
13.4
33.8

General government
final consumption
expenditure

Taxes on
incomes,
profits and
capital gain

annual
growth
(%)

(% of total tax
revenue)

(% of GDP)
a

2005-2012

21.3
17.9
11.1
28.4
17.3
19.5
20.1
20.9
9.7
28.6
17.6
26.9
25.5
22.1
9.1
15.8
20.4
..
22.9
24.7
18.8
24.9
16.9
24.8
20.8
20.1
20.1
20.8
17.8
17.3
12.3

2005-2012

1.8
3.4
2.0
0.0
-2.6
1.2
0.3
0.8
-3.6
0.2
-3.4
0.7
-0.2
2.2
3.7
3.9
1.5
..
3.2
1.4
0.4
0.4
5.0
0.8
-1.3
-2.9
-0.5
-1.2
-4.2
2.0
..

2005-2012

33.0
63.6
24.2
25.2
54.9
15.4
45.8
53.3
34.4
38.9
36.0
11.2
28.5
35.6
38.7
30.3
42.9
..
27.6
23.7
23.3
35.4
29.8
15.6
11.2
32.3
21.7
14.5
17.0
..
40.2

Shares of
agriculture,
hunting, forestry
and fisheries

Research and
development
expenditure

(% of GDP)
a

2005-2012

1.7
2.4
3.0
1.8
2.9
2.8
1.3
1.8
2.4
3.1
1.8
3.4
2.6
1.8
0.8
3.7
3.4
..
4.4
2.3
2.8
2.0
1.6
3.9
2.1
1.3
1.4
1.6
0.6
..
..

(% of GDP)
a

2012

1.2
2.4
0.7
1.7
1.1
0.9
6.3
1.5
0.0
1.5
1.6
1.6
7.8
0.7
..
2.6
1.2
0.7
2.0
2.0
1.6
0.8
0.3
2.8
2.7
2.0
2.5
2.4
3.4
0.7
0.1

Debts
Domestic
credit
provided by
the banking
sector

External debt
stock

(% of GDP)

(% of GNI)

2012

87.0
154.4
192.6
216.0
231.6
123.6
157.8
177.6
99.5
206.6
202.1
144.8
143.2
210.1
200.6
168.7
346.2
..
85.9
136.4
133.4
116.6
167.7
104.1
93.8
167.6
221.5
68.7
135.5
13.5
77.5

2005-2011
b

b
b

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Prices

Total debt
service

Consumer
Price Index

(% of GNI)

(2005=100)

Price level index

2012

2012

2013

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

114
122
104
113
118
113
121
114
125
117
112
112
163
123
122
123
99
..
120
112
116
118
118
117
120
116
119
121
123
107
141

1.2
1.2
1.1
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
..
2.0
1.9
..
1.3
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.6
0.8

Domestic food

b
b
b
b

b
b

b
b
b
b

b
b

b
b

b
b

Prices

Domestic food
Price level volatility
index
2013

6.8
12.7
9.2
4.2
..
13.8
13.0
9.4
15.8
20.9
4.2
10.0
39.2
22.9
..
41.7
10.0
..
33.0
8.8
15.9
8.4
..
23.4
20.2
9.1
19.8
46.0
14.4
11.7
52.1

32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan

25.9
32.2
1,436.8
70.4
853.3
..
138.1
11.9
525.1
368.5
263.9
219.7
53.6
..
273.7
85.1
43.2
..
61.0
8.4
8.7
159.6
346.0
..
..
3,327.7
115.0
4.3
0.3
1.8
640.3
20.9
38.9
73.1
63.3
528.5
62.9
1,344.3
361.1
1,950.9
2.0
1.1
180.1
1,181.6
147.7

b
b

29,698
24,195
50,791
23,554
22,143
..
25,537
28,398
57,045
21,099
25,096
22,146
40,658
..
84,188
19,946
21,229
..
17,966
22,705
14,040
16,868
17,234
..
..
23,184
15,738
15,299
14,411
19,714
21,897
16,194
29,086
16,509
16,655
17,642
13,091
18,167
21,506
16,144
23,152
20,895
8,862
15,461
15,888

b
b

18.4
25.0
22.2
16.7
19.4
..
21.5
14.6
21.9
24.1
15.8
17.2
19.5
9.9
15.6
18.8
23.7
21.8
20.6
28.1
18.4
32.8
26.7
27.9
..
22.0
21.4
14.6
..
29.3
25.6
24.0
9.7
31.2
27.7
20.3
20.2
20.3
20.6
20.7
..
29.9
27.1
25.8
22.5

19.7
19.6
20.4
17.6
17.9
..
17.6
20.5
6.9
12.1
18.3
20.3
14.6
37.9
14.8
19.9
15.3
16.6

0.5
4.0
..
0.7
0.1
..
-0.7
0.9
3.6
3.9
-4.4
-2.5
..
2.4
..
-1.9
-0.2
5.2

28.4
8.0
..
7.4
13.1
..
9.6
31.8
..
27.2
21.7
12.5
0.5
..
0.6
7.8
8.1
..

0.5
1.6
0.1
0.8
0.7
..
0.6
0.6
..
0.4
1.6
1.2
..
0.6
0.1
0.7
0.6
0.6

2.5
4.1
1.9
4.0
3.9
0.6
3.1
1.6
0.7
3.6
2.3
4.7
0.3
5.0
0.3
5.0
5.0
9.0

12.2
14.8
22.1
14.6
6.6
9.3
17.2
18.6
7.8
20.3
..
17.8
13.5
13.5
9.5
14.5
11.2
12.2
17.9
14.8
11.6
11.5
..
10.4
14.8
11.2
10.3

5.4
3.5
..
-1.2
2.3
..
..
-0.2
-0.4
..
..
..
5.0
2.3
-0.6
6.9
18.1
6.3
1.7
5.7
11.3
1.5
..
..
6.3
-4.3
10.2

18.0
..
..
3.3
17.6
..
2.5
1.7
15.5
31.6
..
..
52.0
18.2
47.5
17.2
..
21.5
15.5
25.5
36.5
..
31.5
6.8
16.6
19.3
18.1

0.4
..
1.1
0.6
0.5
..
..
1.2
0.6
..
..
..
0.6
0.4
0.1
..
0.2
..
0.5
0.8
0.2
0.4
0.3
..
0.1
0.8
0.2

7.7
2.0
8.8
9.5
6.0
2.3
1.1
3.9
6.4
1.6
6.1
2.1
10.2
3.5
0.4
5.0
3.5
5.7
5.9
8.9
4.5
3.5
2.6
1.6
11.1
9.3
5.5

344.1
79.0
-10.5
52.3
63.8
..
54.1
154.1
76.5
74.3
198.7
68.2
73.1
..
54.8
96.3
63.0
37.3
32.0
105.0
57.9
32.2
54.3
-65.9
35.4
41.1
71.0
136.3
..
94.5
134.5
113.6
36.5
176.4
89.0
42.0
53.3
71.9
41.8
47.1
38.8
108.2
48.4
18.0
24.7

..
..
..
72.6
..
..
..
..
..
41.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
134.4
26.3

..
..
..
16.35
..
..
..
..
..
6.52
..
..
..
..
..
..
28.50
3.57

119
138
141
138
125
..
124
118
116
108
116
143
117
..
140
123
148
111

31.6
..
45.6
54.6
72.3
..
..
31.1
77.9
..
..
..
34.8
12.5
..
61.7
43.7
21.8
25.7
40.1
77.9
25.2
184.4
..
41.0
..
14.9

3.26
..
5.00
3.33
10.20
..
..
3.50
8.75
..
..
..
3.87
1.43
..
13.36
2.80
2.00
3.98
7.36
20.49
3.69
3.43
..
2.24
0.74
3.32

166
119
126
396
148
154
141
185
148
151
..
120
120
152
178
118
137
249
173
178
184
134
203
133
196
316
179

1.3
1.5
1.2
1.8
1.3
..
1.4
1.5
..
1.6
1.1
1.5
1.2
..
0.9
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.4
..
..
1.8
1.4
..
1.1
1.6
1.3
..
..
..
1.6
1.8
..
..
..
2.3
..
1.9
..
1.3
..
..
1.8
2.6
1.9

b
b
b
b
b

b
b
b

b
b

b
b
b

b
b
b

10.7
39.5
34.7
128.1
7.5
..
32.5
15.0
..
23.1
15.4
37.0
17.2
..
25.3
36.3
97.0
29.3
28.2
..
..
62.4
24.2
..
39.4
24.2
39.3
..
..
..
7.6
71.4
..
..
..
82.1
..
81.7
15.0
6.7
..
..
33.9
58.6
66.4

77
77
79
79
79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121

Jordan
71.6
Serbia
83.7
Brazil
2,840.9
Georgia
30.0
Grenada
1.2
Peru
347.9
Ukraine
379.9
Belize
2.7
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
24.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina
35.2
Armenia
21.6
Fiji
6.6
Thailand
907.3
Tunisia
114.4
China
14,548.6
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1.1
Algeria
491.7
Dominica
0.7
Albania
29.2
Jamaica
22.8
Saint Lucia
1.9
Colombia
557.5
Ecuador
153.4
Suriname
8.1
Tonga
0.5
Dominican Republic
113.2
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam

3.8
23.2
64.5
0.9
..
2,186.3
28.9
862.5
48.3
29.4
59.3
14.8
46.9
140.1
580.7
626.7
..
473.3
4.8
436.1

11,340
11,587
14,301
6,691
11,786
11,603
8,332
8,438
11,708
9,184
7,291
7,552
13,586
10,612
10,771
10,271
12,779
9,629
9,243
8,421
10,242
11,687
9,900
15,174
5,127
11,016
11,270
8,288
12,460
4,935
..
8,856
14,443
10,685
7,215
17,997
5,650
4,146
7,445
4,705
6,005
11,989
..
14,527
6,054
4,912

25.2
26.3
18.1
21.8
21.9
26.6
18.9
25.4
20.6
21.9
31.3
20.7
28.5
22.7
46.1
25.2
38.3
22.8
25.3
20.8
35.7
23.6
26.6
24.9
30.7
16.3
40.4
51.7
54.1
..
25.7
33.1
36.1
16.0
14.7
25.9
18.2
23.4
14.2
23.5
19.4
19.2
18.8
..
23.9
27.7

16.5
18.9
21.5
17.7
17.1
10.3
19.4
15.8
18.3
23.0
11.9
14.8
13.6
13.8
13.5
16.2
14.2
17.6
8.2
16.0
16.6
16.1
13.5
23.3
17.1
8.1

-13.5
-2.2
3.2
..
..
9.4
2.4
5.1
-2.8
1.7
14.2
..
7.5
3.3
9.7
..
6.6
..
7.6
..
..
770.6
7.7
..
..
11.5

12.3
8.8
28.4
35.2
15.2
34.5
12.8
29.8
12.7
6.6
19.4
32.5
38.0
29.0
23.1
23.6
60.2
..
..
31.4
..
22.0
..
..
..
18.7

0.4
0.9
1.2
0.2
..
..
0.9
..
0.2
0.0
0.3
..
0.2
1.1
1.7
..
0.1
..
0.2
..
..
0.2
0.3
..
..
..

3.0
10.2
5.2
8.3
5.6
7.0
8.9
12.4
10.3
8.4
20.9
12.2
10.4
8.9
10.1
7.1
8.8
14.6
20.4
6.4
2.9
6.5
9.4
9.1
18.8
5.9

16.8
14.1
9.5
..
32.6
8.9
19.3
11.6
12.2
8.9
13.5
20.6
11.2
22.7
10.5
22.4
10.1
..
15.4
5.4

..
9.4
..
..
8.5
2.3
2.2
3.1
21.0
13.6
4.9
11.1
2.5
..
12.2
4.2
8.5
..
..
4.8

3.1
15.3
..
..
2.1
35.6
28.5
29.7
13.8
..
9.6
1.0
24.3
..
42.1
50.2
..
..
..
..

..
0.2
..
..
..
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.5
0.1
..
0.1
0.9
..
..
..
..

4.1
17.1
13.8
9.8
5.6
14.4
3.0
14.8
20.9
2.7
12.3
12.8
11.4
19.8
11.8
2.6
21.0
4.1
18.0
19.7

113.4
62.4
110.5
35.0
92.4
17.8
80.2
66.9
48.8
67.0
44.4
117.1
168.9
82.2
152.7
56.8
-2.1
63.4
67.0
51.5
134.7
69.6
24.3
26.9
27.2
46.4
70.3
30.8
..
45.7
..
42.6
14.9
79.3
37.2
13.0
48.7
42.2
66.1
..
50.9
187.2
47.7
-1.9
50.6
115.4

61.5
71.8
16.6
79.1
73.8
25.8
83.3
96.0
62.8
58.6
68.3
23.6
24.0
50.4
9.4
42.1
3.4
59.9
46.0
98.8
37.6
24.3
25.1
..
43.5
28.8

3.25
12.34
2.43
11.46
3.41
2.03
17.02
9.99
9.24
4.71
8.66
5.19
3.14
6.03
1.07
4.47
0.35
3.63
2.97
11.87
3.76
3.15
3.15
..
1.34
2.80

147
183
141
154
127
123
212
116
124
125
145
144
124
134
125
131
139
121
122
205
123
134
137
179
141
153

1.3
..
1.3
..
..
1.7
1.2
..
1.6
1.7
1.9
1.4
1.9
1.8
2.0
..
..
..
1.7
..
..
1.7
1.6
..
..
..

50.2
32.7
2.0
58.5
..
26.0
13.8
15.7
25.7
19.7
27.6
72.0
53.5
17.8
33.6
28.4
..
..
..
49.1

5.12
1.44
0.49
1.95
..
3.80
0.46
1.51
1.83
2.48
2.00
6.18
5.52
1.32
4.85
1.66
1.09
..
1.78
2.88

174
211
..
141
119
160
181
204
157
117
157
173
127
..
137
155
204
181
146
216

1.7
1.8
..
..
..
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.7
2.5
1.6
1.5
..
..
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.6
..
1.7

b
b

b
b

b
b

b
b

20.5
..
25.2
7.2
..
9.1
70.6
..
38.8
17.5
51.0
19.3
16.4
19.3
65.9
..
..
..
22.8
..
..
30.3
13.1
..
..
..
55.4
59.0
..
..
..
23.5
64.6
102.7
66.7
19.7
35.9
46.8
..
..
26.4
35.6
44.0
47.2
..
28.7

123
Cape Verde
124
Micronesia (Federated States of)
125
Guatemala
125
Kyrgyzstan
127
Namibia
128
Timor-Leste
129
Honduras
129
Morocco
131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166
168

Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo
Haiti

3.1
0.4
105.4
16.0
20.6
2.2
35.1
227.5
0.7
25.5
0.2
18.6
6,245.4
5.6
41.5
92.3
29.2
24.4
42.1
365.7
0.5
27.6

6,311
3,428
6,990
2,847
9,136
1,815
4,423
6,878
2,894
4,254
1,772
2,320
5,050
7,490
2,789
3,638
4,388
5,631
2,990
2,364
2,837
37,479

36.5
..
14.7
24.0
21.9
..
24.3
31.4
26.2
25.2
..
18.7
29.6
56.1
16.0
29.0
27.7
25.1
23.4
25.4
..
40.0

58.5
781.2
91.1
7.3
152.9
..
15.8
55.4
918.4
95.3
30.7
18.4
17.1
1.1
1.1
76.8
11.2
4.9
29.8
48.5
17.0
125.4
8.5
16.0

2,131
4,360
2,109
5,912
7,346
..
1,379
2,551
5,440
3,996
1,378
1,337
2,382
1,964
1,493
1,654
2,938
2,368
2,174
1,334
1,687
3,370
1,286
1,575

19.6
10.9
20.4
9.6
11.4
..
22.8
19.8
..
11.7
32.6
12.4
..
13.4
12.4
36.1
38.9
31.8
30.3
24.4
17.6
19.2
18.6
..

20.7
..
10.7
18.2
25.2
..
16.1
19.2
18.1
6.9
..
9.9
11.8
20.8
6.0
13.6
9.9
10.0
20.6
5.7
..
3.7

7.7
..
6.8
2.2
7.9
..
1.3
7.9
..
4.5
..
1.2
3.9
-2.1
7.8
5.1
11.8
2.8
38.8
5.6
..
3.4

18.2
..
29.6
20.3
28.3
..
22.7
25.4
..
29.6
..
..
49.5
15.9
12.1
24.7
15.8
4.9
44.0
22.4
..
..

..
..
0.1
0.2
..
..
..
0.6
..
..
..
0.1
0.8
..
..
0.2
..
..
0.3
..
..
..

9.4
..
11.5
19.5
7.6
4.4
14.0
13.7
21.9
20.0
25.7
23.1
17.4
18.1
35.6
22.7
31.7
3.6
18.2
17.3
20.5
2.0

10.3
8.3
17.2
15.3
19.5
..
8.2
14.9
..
11.8
10.0
23.8
..
39.2
15.3
16.4
15.2
38.1
8.7
11.3
11.9
10.9
9.8
9.1

12.5
8.2
9.3
-5.8
..
..
15.2
9.8
..
-14.1
3.9
..
..
..
..
14.2
6.4
17.6
4.8
3.3
2.9
20.9
15.8
..

19.2
28.8
42.5
..
..
25.2
..
..
0.6
..
11.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
17.4
..
39.1
17.1
..
10.3
..

..
0.5
0.4
..
..
..
..
..
0.2
..
0.1
..
..
..
..
0.4
..
0.0
0.4
0.4
..
..
..
..

35.7
24.4
29.6
7.3
9.4
36.4
35.1
23.3
33.1
14.6
27.5
17.5
29.1
28.9
50.9
28.3
23.6
8.2
17.0
24.2
35.3
41.8
47.1
18.8

76.8
-19.0
39.2
14.0
49.5
-52.7
55.9
115.4
68.2
44.0
..
13.1
76.6
50.4
33.8
32.3
26.5
-8.9
18.5
69.2
35.1
-3.5
67.0
44.5
52.3
21.1
15.9
..
8.0
15.2
35.3
26.9
12.9
75.5
38.3
12.0
21.6
24.8
36.8
3.1
31.0
16.4
19.7
24.5
37.6
19.6

55.5
..
35.9
..
..
..
28.5
29.4
25.4
101.0
..
51.6
18.3
65.0
35.3
29.8
80.3
23.1
24.7
22.6
92.2
..

2.15
..
4.54
7.24
..
..
6.12
3.36
0.83
7.02
..
8.99
1.57
4.90
0.63
0.91
3.63
0.96
1.05
1.22
0.67
..

130
..
148
200
157
171
156
114
122
184
..
202
181
161
160
224
143
137
189
174
321
147

1.5
..
..
..
1.8
..
..
1.6
..
..
..
..
1.6
1.8
1.2
1.7
2.2
2.5
1.4
1.6
2.4
..

20.8
27.3
30.4
15.5
23.4
..
17.5
12.2
6.1
20.5
28.4
64.8
101.2
37.9
45.6
42.6
70.8
27.1
30.6
23.5
19.5
..
18.1
10.6

1.06
1.34
1.27
1.16
3.12
..
0.31
1.28
0.19
0.93
0.43
12.45
9.86
2.27
0.65
0.64
2.72
1.40
2.50
0.44
0.53
0.91
0.46
0.07

186
222
225
167
233
239
174
124
201
228
185
1,197
144
167
123
197
147
157
120
203
130
280
125
173

1.6
2.1
2.4
..
2.4
..
1.8
2.0
2.4
1.6
2.0
2.1
..
..
..
2.4
2.2
1.8
2.0
1.9
2.0
..
2.2
..

b
b

b
b

b
b

b
b
b
b

b
b
b

9.1
..
..
0.0
38.9
..
..
19.8
..
..
..
..
35.0
28.2
101.3
44.8
25.9
10.4
19.0
20.3
39.0
0.0
35.1
46.5
57.3
22.6
133.7
..
30.3
11.2
38.6
49.6
32.6
54.0
..
..
..
67.6
20.7
55.7
31.7
78.5
54.0
..
284.3
..

169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

56.4
..
54.5
2.8
111.8
11.8
3.3
23.9
1.9
24.5
13.9
7.3
25.1
7.2
9.5
24.9
4.4
29.6
15.2

b
b

1,892
..
2,747
1,565
1,218
739
782
1,607
1,164
971
1,216
737
1,528
1,180
1,586
2,003
964
451
884

b
b

16.6
37.5
10.1
19.2
25.5
13.5
25.0
22.2
..
24.7
17.6
20.0
16.7
10.0
40.3
31.8
12.5
20.5
36.8

..
0.2
..
..
..
..
19.4
0.0

..
3,526
..
..
..
..
1,790
3,489

..
..
..
..
..
..
10.5
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

45,473.5
31,426.4
12,959.8
3,010.1

40,397
12,920
5,875
2,830

18.2
33.0
27.4
17.1

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

5,098.0
19,423.3
2,879.7
7,482.5
8,878.4
2,797.2

16,367
10,151
12,453
13,554
5,147
3,237

23.7
..
22.0
20.1
27.0
21.0

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

1,602.4
286.4

1,971
6,736

21.6
..

World

92,889.4

13,599

22.6

16.0
25.1
8.6
9.6
8.1
19.9
15.2
17.1
..
14.0
10.6
28.0
19.3
21.1
10.1
13.2
8.1
13.2
14.4

..
8.0
0.4
-3.4
-0.8
10.0
2.9
3.8
..
14.7
69.2
2.3
9.5
-9.5
2.0
-0.9
-2.2
6.9
..

2.7
..
..
..
16.0
..
25.5
21.8
..
..
..
..
19.2
..
21.8
..
..
11.9
11.6

..
..
..
0.0
0.2
..
..
0.2
..
0.2
..
..
0.2
..
..
..
..
0.5
..

30.3
3.7
30.0
23.0
48.4
32.0
70.7
42.3
46.4
30.0
25.9
39.7
35.0
16.9
45.8
18.7
54.3
41.6
40.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
17.1
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
16.8
..

..
..
..
..
16.9
..
..
..

..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..

21.2
14.1
..
5.1
0.1
60.2
9.7
22.8

19.2
14.9
12.0
12.6

0.7
21.9
6.3
6.3

37.2
23.5
..
..

2.5
..
..
..

1.5
7.8
14.4
28.1

14.5
..
15.0
16.6
11.3
17.8

..
..
4.5
37.0
1.2
5.8

..
..
23.8
..
41.9
..

..
..
0.7
..
..
..

8.1
10.7
9.0
5.6
18.1
18.4

12.4
..

6.1
..

..
..

..
..

24.6
8.7

17.6

5.8

..

..

4.4

-3.0
26.5
27.3
43.9
37.1
35.6
33.3
19.9
18.6
28.1
32.2
26.1
19.8
104.0
14.0
6.2
26.8
10.7
13.6

..
..
52.1
43.6
27.2
22.3
42.9
29.1
29.2
32.1
65.6
26.9
23.8
40.8
48.2
21.4
26.5
37.9
23.7

0.06
..
2.36
2.82
1.12
0.39
0.24
0.67
0.53
0.46
3.67
0.36
0.68
0.86
0.71
0.81
0.03
1.76
0.58

164
145
121
129
365
203
188
126
127
175
331
211
123
..
214
122
132
2,378
117

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
120
..
149
..

203.4
109.5
72.5
32.8

..
20.7
23.8
23.4

..
2.74
2.17
1.17

24.8
139.8
62.8
73.0
72.1
77.2

..
..
50.0
22.7
20.0
24.0

..
..
9.19
3.18
1.43
1.24

31.5
52.5

27.4
..

1.22
..

168.0

..

..

..
..
2.1
2.8
1.9
1.9
..
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.9
..
2.1
..
2.4
2.7
..
..
2.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

b
b

b
b
b

b
b

..
..
51.9
23.7
100.6
67.0
..
24.0
11.7
23.5
66.7
0.0
34.8
..
108.9
60.6
11.2
..
31.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Footnotes
a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
b. Refers to a year earlier than that specified.
c. Mainland Tanzania only.
d. Excludes South Sudan.

DEFINITIONS
Gross domestic product (GDP): Sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus an
GDP per capita: GDP in a particular period divided by the total population for the same period.
Gross fixed capital formation: Value of acquisitions of new or existing fixed assets by the business sector, g
General government final consumption expenditure: All government current expenditures for purchases o
Taxes on income, profit and capital gain: Taxes levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individu
Research and development expenditure: Current and capital expenditures (both public and private) on crea
Shares of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fisheries: Gross value added in the agriculture, hunting, fores
Domestic credit provided by the banking sector: Credit to various sectors on a gross basis, with exception
External debt stock as a percentage of GNI: Debt owed to nonresidents repayable in foreign currency, goo
Total debt service: Sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods or serv
Consumer price index: Index that reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a baske
Domestic food price level index: Food purchasing power parity (PPP) rate divided by the general PPP rate.
Domestic food price level volatility index: A measure of variation of the domestic food price level index, co

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1-2: World Bank (2014).
Columns 3-7 and 9-12: World Bank (2013a).
Column 8: United Nations Statistics Division 2013a.
Columns 13 and 14: FAO (2013a).

esident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products,
lation for the same period.
ing fixed assets by the business sector, governments and households (excluding their unincorporated enterprises) less disposals of
ment current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees and most expenditures on
ual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or
enditures (both public and private) on creative work undertaken systematically to increase knowledge and the use of knowledge for
e added in the agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishery sectors, expressed as a percentage of a GDP.
s sectors on a gross basis, with exception of credit to the central government, which is net, expressed as a
idents repayable in foreign currency, goods or services, expressed as a percentage of gross
ly paid in foreign currency, goods or services on long-term debt; interest paid on short-term debt; and repayments
e average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly.
PP) rate divided by the general PPP rate. The index shows the price of food in a country relative to the price of the generic consumption bask
of the domestic food price level index, computed as the standard deviation of the deviations from the trend over the previous five years.

d in the value of the products,

porated enterprises) less disposals of

ployees and most expenditures on
d on capital gains, whether realized or
wledge and the use of knowledge for

at specified intervals, such as yearly.

e to the price of the generic consumption basket in the country.
om the trend over the previous five years.

11: Social competencies

Em

HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia

Employment to
population ratio

Vulnerable
employment

(% aged 25 and
above)

(% of total
employment)

2012

2003-2012

65.5
62.3
65.9
61.0
61.0
58.0
66.2
62.9
72.5
59.2
55.6
62.7
71.2
59.1
60.9
65.4
58.5
..
63.4
54.4
58.9
53.0
60.5
57.6
56.4
47.1
47.9
59.3
43.8
68.1
89.8
62.4
59.4
60.4

..
9.0
9.1
11.5
..
6.8
12.1
..
9.3
..
11.7
..
..
..
7.4
24.8
10.5
..
7.2
7.1
8.6
10.3
5.7
..
12.8
18.2
..
15.0
29.7
..
0.4
12.5
..
..

Employment and vulnerabilities

Youth unemployment

Unemployment rate

Child labour

(% aged 15-24)

(% aged 15 years and

older)

(% aged 5-14 years)

2008-2012

8.6
11.7
8.4
9.5
16.2
8.1
17.7
14.3
6.7
14.1
30.4
23.7
13.6
21.0
9.3
9.0
7.9
..
12.1
23.8
8.7
19.8
18.8
17.7
20.6
35.3
53.2
19.5
55.3
..
1.3
27.8
20.9
28.3

2004-201`3

3.1
5.2
4.2
5.3
7.4
5.5
6.9
7.2
3.1
7.5
14.7
8.0
6.0
7.9
3.3
3.2
4.3
2.5
6.8
9.9
4.3
7.5
5.1
7.7
8.8
10.7
25.0
7.0
24.2
1.7
0.4
11.8
10.2
5.6

2005-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Old age pension recipient

Share of working
poor

Length of
mandatory paid
maternity leave

Birth registration

(% of total
employment)

(days)

(% aged under 5)

2003-2010

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Total
2004-2013

2013

..
..
98
112
..
98
98
105
112
126
182
..
90
273
70
90
98
..
98
112
112
105
..
147
105
150
112
196
119
..
..
..
140
70

(% of statutory pension age population)

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
..
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
..
..
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
..
..
100.0
100.0
..

100.0
83.0
100.0
100.0
92.5
100.0
98.0
97.7
..
100.0
90.5
100.0
100.0
99.5
72.9
77.6
80.3
..
73.6
100.0
100.0
84.6
90.0
100.0
95.1
81.1
68.2
100.0
77.4
81.7
7.9
85.2
98.0
..

Old age pension recipient

Suicide rates

(% of statutory pension age population)

Female
2004-2013

100.0
87.6
100.0
100.0
..
100.0
96.5
..
..
100.0
66.3
100.0
100.0
99.2
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
93.7
67.8
56.4
100.0
85.9
69.2
46.6
100.0
54.6
..
..
57.2
97.5
..

(per 100,000)

Male
b

2004-2013

100.0
77.5
100.0
100.0
..
100.0
99.8
..
..
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
77.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.4
100.0
100.0
..
..
100.0
98.5
..

Female
b

2003-2009

6.5
3.6
11.4
5.5
4.5
6.0
5.5
5.4
7.7
6.4
4.7
6.8
7.0
3.0
10.7
22.1
13.2
..
1.5
8.5
7.1
10.3
3.2
10.0
9.4
2.8
3.4
4.4
1.0
..
..
1.7
7.3
..

Male
b

2003-2009

17.3
12.8
24.8
13.1
17.7
17.9
18.1
17.3
12.9
17.5
19.0
18.7
16.5
10.9
19.0
39.9
36.2
..
7.0
24.7
23.8
28.8
16.1
29.0
34.6
10.0
11.9
23.9
6.0
..
..
7.4
30.6
..

35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia
39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
51
51
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
65
67
68
69
70
71
71
73
73
75
76
77
77
79
79
79

Uruguay
Bahamas
Montenegro
Belarus
Romania
Libya
Oman
Russian Federation
Bulgaria
Barbados
Palau
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Mauritius
Trinidad and Tobago
Lebanon
Panama
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Costa Rica
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Mexico
Seychelles
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Sri Lanka
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Azerbaijan
Jordan
Serbia
Brazil
Georgia
Grenada

58.5
55.5
..
57.0
49.9
84.4
64.8
55.5
50.7
72.5
58.4
76.3
47.4
55.0
62.5

8.9
18.2
..
12.4
8.9
1.0
24.4
16.7
..
2.0
..
2.2
16.5
..
19.0

65.3
70.8
44.9
53.9
57.3
55.4
67.6
65.0
50.3
67.5
..
..
65.5
59.3
64.5
50.0
68.8
68.2
64.0
48.5
75.2
63.9
..
..
57.9
44.7
73.0
44.3
47.2
68.4
62.4
..

..
..
..
2.1
31.5
..
..
..
8.0
14.0
..
..
..
16.2
15.6
33.9
29.2
31.8
20.2
32.1
29.2
..
..
..
..
..
54.7
9.7
26.4
..
60.6
..

26.4
26.5
..
34.0
14.2
12.1
16.3
37.6
28.1
5.0
3.1
..
43.1
28.4
18.3

13.2
10.1
..
14.0
6.4
4.2
6.0
15.7
10.9
1.1
3.2
3.6
15.8
14.9
7.3

..
..
..
..
..
..
2.9
3.4
..
4.6
..
..
..
..
6.5

18.5
30.8
41.1
12.5
22.7
..
..
14.8
28.1
..
..
..
10.3
23.7
10.5
16.8
10.3
17.1
18.4
17.5
3.9
9.4
..
..
17.3
23.0
14.2
29.3
51.1
15.4
33.3
..

6.4
14.7
19.7
0.7
7.0
..
..
5.5
12.3
11.6
..
..
3.0
8.1
5.0
9.0
6.5
7.5
7.8
8.1
5.8
4.8
..
..
5.0
13.5
5.2
12.2
23.9
6.2
15.0
..

7.9
..
9.9
1.4
0.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
1.9
5.6
7.7
4.7
2.6
2.2
6.3
..
..
..
11.4
6.5
1.9
4.4
8.6
18.4
..

d,e

d
e

d
d

..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
1.8

126
182
..
238
..
45
126
..
168
..
..
70
208
112
90

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
..
100.0
..
..
100.0
99.0

0.0
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
1.9
..
..
..
6.8
8.2
4.2
6.4
1.1
6.5
..
..
26.0
6.2
6.1
2.8
..
5.9
26.8
..

84
..
45
126
126
..
42
140
410
..
..
..
60
84
..
49
98
182
120
112
126
84
..
..
84
90
126
70
135
120
126
..

100.0
..
99.0
100.0
..
..
..
100.0
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
97.0
99.5
..
81.0
..
93.7
99.7
93.4
..
..
97.2
98.6
93.6
99.1
98.9
93.4
98.5
..

d,e

d,e

100.0
96.5
..
100.0
60.5
..
74.5
100.0
91.4
40.1
..
27.3
57.6
100.0
90.7
68.2
84.2
52.3
93.6
98.0
43.3
24.7
100.0
96.9
68.3
48.0
69.7
19.8
100.0
98.7
0.0
37.3
59.4
55.8
88.1
95.9
25.2
100.0
44.7
17.1
26.4
81.7
42.2
46.1
86.3
89.8
34.0

100.0
94.9
..
100.0
32.0
..
73.4
100.0
87.6
..
..
..
44.2
100.0
93.3

100.0
100.0
..
100.0
97.5
..
76.4
100.0
97.7
..
..
..
85.1
100.0
86.8

10.4
4.1
..
3.4
1.0
..
4.2
4.0
10.6
3.5
5.5
1.7
7.5
8.2
3.0

61.3
26.4
..
22.3
5.9
..
18.2
15.6
40.0
4.0
19.0
1.9
28.9
40.0
12.6

64.4
..
..
..
88.0
..
..
100.0
95.5
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
28.9
50.2
48.8
..
..
17.2
..
39.7
..
..
79.0
11.8
44.8
83.0
..
..

73.6
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
100.0
99.4
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
49.4
70.0
65.4
..
..
34.6
..
51.6
..
..
82.6
82.3
48.4
90.6
..
..

6.3
0.6
..
8.8
3.5
..
..
9.5
6.2
0.0
..
..
..
1.9
3.8
..
1.9
1.2
1.9
..
9.4
1.5
0.0
..
..
..
0.3
0.0
10.0
2.0
1.7
0.0

26.0
1.9
..
48.7
21.0
..
..
53.9
18.8
7.3
..
..
..
11.8
17.9
..
9.0
5.3
10.2
..
43.0
7.0
8.9
..
..
..
1.0
0.2
28.1
7.7
7.1
0.0

82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127

Peru
78.9
Ukraine
58.2
Belize
66.9
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia42.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina
36.4
Armenia
58.6
Fiji
56.3
Thailand
77.0
Tunisia
47.1
China
72.2
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
Algeria
45.4
Dominica
..
Albania
53.3
Jamaica
65.3
Saint Lucia
..
Colombia
68.2
Ecuador
72.2
Suriname
56.3
Tonga
..
Dominican Republic
63.2
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
67.4
Mongolia
69.3
Turkmenistan
62.1
Samoa
..
Palestine, State of
40.3
Indonesia
70.7
Botswana
74.5
Egypt
51.2
Paraguay
71.5
Gabon
63.2
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
78.5
Moldova (Republic of)
42.7
El Salvador
64.5
Uzbekistan
62.6
Philippines
69.3
South Africa
48.6
Syrian Arab Republic
47.0
Iraq
44.0
Guyana
56.2
Viet Nam
80.9
Cape Verde
66.8
Micronesia (Federated States of)
..
Guatemala
69.1
Kyrgyzstan
70.7
Namibia
63.5

46.3
..
..
22.1
27.4
..
38.8
53.5
28.8
..
8.0
29.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
55.2
..
29.6
54.9
..
38.1
26.7
57.2
..
23.1
..
52.9
..
28.6
..
..
39.8
10.1
32.9
..
..
62.5
..
..
..
47.3
32.7

9.5
17.3
..
53.9
62.8
39.2
..
2.8
42.3
..
33.8
22.4
..
22.5
34.0
..
21.9
11.1
..
..
29.4

6.8
7.5
14.4
31.0
28.0
28.6
4.6
0.6
17.6
4.1
..
9.8
..
13.8
13.9
21.0
11.8
5.0
9.5
1.1
14.7

..
11.9
..
16.1
38.8
22.2
..
24.8
11.2
..
6.2
13.1
12.4
..
16.3
51.5
19.2
..
..
5.5
..
..
7.5
..
34.3

11.7
9.9
4.0
..
22.9
6.2
17.6
9.0
5.7
20.4
5.2
5.6
6.4
0.4
7.3
25.1
8.6
8.0
..
1.8
..
..
2.9
8.4
16.7

33.5
7.3
5.8
12.5
5.3
3.9
..
8.3
2.1
..
..
4.7
..
12.0
6.1
..
13.0
7.5
4.1
..
12.9
..
10.4
..
..
5.7
6.9
9.0
9.3
14.6
13.4
26.4
16.3
10.4
..
..
..
4.0
4.7
16.4
6.9
3.2
..
25.8
3.6
..

d
d

d,e

13.5
0.0
..
3.4
0.0
9.0
49.7
10.1
..
..
..
..
..
3.4
4.6
..
22.6
12.1
..
..
10.7

90
126
..
270
365
140
84
45
30
98
..
98
..
365
56
..
98
84
..
..
84

96.0
99.8
95.2
99.7
99.5
99.6
..
100.0
99.2
..
..
99.3
..
98.6
97.8
..
96.5
90.0
98.9
..
82.4

33.2
95.0
64.6
52.2
29.6
80.0
10.6
81.7
68.8
74.4
76.6
63.6
38.5
77.0
55.5
26.5
23.0
53.0
..
1.0
11.1

11.2
..
..
..
..
52.0
..
14.4
11.0
14.2
23.4
10.9
12.1
66.5
40.9
19.7
12.9
16.6
..
37.3
..
..
..
25.5
..

..
120
..
..
70
90
84
90
63
98
84
126
84
126
60
120
120
..
..
180
..
..
84
126
84

92.5
99.0
95.5
47.7
99.3
67.0
72.2
99.0
76.0
89.6
75.8
100.0
98.6
99.9
90.0
95.0
96.0
99.2
87.9
95.0
91.4
..
96.7
96.0
78.0

99.7
100.0
..
49.5
8.0
8.1
100.0
32.7
22.2
38.8
100.0
72.8
18.1
98.1
28.5
92.6
16.7
56.0
100.0
34.5
55.7
..
14.1
100.0
98.4

e
d
e

e
e

26.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
84.6
..
..
..
..
..
60.8
..
8.3
18.4
50.8
..
..
6.2

41.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
77.9
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
10.3
28.3
55.5
..
..
16.5

1.0
7.0
0.7
4.0
..
1.1
..
3.8
..
..
1.9
..
..
3.3
..
0.0
2.0
3.6
4.8
..
0.7

1.9
37.8
6.6
9.5
..
2.8
..
12.0
..
..
5.4
..
..
4.7
..
4.9
7.9
10.5
23.9
..
3.9

..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
8.0
20.0
..
100.0
77.0
10.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
52.8
..
10.3
100.0
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
61.7
24.9
..
100.0
63.7
31.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
59.8
..
18.2
100.0
..

0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
2.0
..
..
5.6
3.6
2.3
..
0.4
..
..
13.4
..
..
..
1.7
3.6
..

0.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.1
5.1
..
..
30.1
12.9
7.0
..
1.4
..
..
39.0
..
..
..
5.6
14.1
..

128
Timor-Leste
129
Honduras
129
Morocco
131
Vanuatu
132
Nicaragua
133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166
168
169
170
171
172
173

Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo
Haiti
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Cte d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ethiopia

54.0
66.6
51.5
..
65.5
..
71.1
60.8
81.0
85.8
81.6
85.0
78.6
79.9
73.4
..
86.5

69.6
..
50.7
70.0
..
..
..
80.8
53.1
..
76.8
..
75.1
81.0
85.0
..
..

85.2
56.3
75.6
56.1
75.5
83.1
92.6
80.5
61.7
50.0
91.4
88.6
77.9
72.8
62.4
91.9
44.5
59.9
75.5
86.8
80.8
55.1
83.9
75.5
52.2
..
73.1
80.4
84.1

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
87.7
..
..
..
..
89.9
..
89.1
..
..
..
..
..
..

14.8
8.0
18.6
..
11.9
..
16.7
10.7
7.2
3.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
4.3
9.0
5.5
7.8
30.6
11.5
9.3
2.0
7.1
5.3
1.4
10.0
13.2
4.5
16.6
..

..
7.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
33.7
..
..
..
..
..
7.1
..
34.4
..
5.4
..
22.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
5.5
..
28.2
..
..
..
3.8
23.9
16.2
3.8
5.4
..
..
..
4.3
10.1
24.4
10.4
9.1
..
19.8
..
..
8.5
..
..
..
17.5

i
e

j
k

e,j

4.2
15.6
8.3
..
14.5
..
10.0
11.8
2.9
36.1
33.9
10.1
24.7
40.6
12.8
7.5
27.8
33.9
..
25.9
7.3
23.5
..
28.5
41.7
24.7
22.7
28.1
..
..
..
27.1
21.1
14.6
22.9
16.5
25.4
45.6
..
28.3
24.4
10.3
7.7
26.0
19.2
27.4

e
d

e
d

e
d
d

68.2
29.6
13.0
..
27.4
..
48.3
74.5
50.8
53.1
48.3
64.0
72.9
76.1
80.1
..
14.0

..
84
98
..
84
..
140
84
..
90
84
90
105
84
112
..
..

55.2
93.6
94.0
43.0
85.0
93.5
88.3
41.1
99.9
62.1
62.5
74.8
91.0
14.0
30.5
75.1
37.0

74.1
57.0
33.6
..
..
60.8
87.4
..
79.2
33.5
88.1
87.1
..
44.2
61.2
84.7
..
51.2
61.1
61.7
71.3
..
66.7
..
73.6
..
45.5
54.5
73.1

52
84
90
..
90
..
84
98
84
70
98
98
..
..
..
84
98
84
98
60
98
56
98
42
..
..
98
..
90

42.3
26.5
60.0
49.5
36.0
72.4
63.2
61.4
41.5
17.0
79.7
48.8
..
..
88.0
16.3
58.8
45.1
74.6
29.9
80.2
59.3
77.9
79.7
37.4
92.0
65.0
52.5
6.6

d,e

100.0
8.4
39.8
3.5
23.7
..
80.2
24.1
3.2
5.0
7.6
5.6
22.1
7.7
39.5
41.8
..
62.5
2.3
7.9
86.0
14.5
..
4.7
12.5
..
8.5
4.6
6.2
0.9
13.1
..
3.2
9.3
100.0
23.5
6.6
9.7
4.6
10.9
1.0
10.7
12.0
7.7
10.8
9.0

..
5.8
..
..
16.2
..
72.1
..
..
..
..
..
4.7
..
..
..
..

..
13.8
..
..
42.3
..
95.6
..
..
..
..
..
42.4
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
2.6
..
2.3
7.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
9.0
..
2.9
13.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
20.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..

174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

91.8
72.0
65.5
77.8
89.4
79.0
87.8
85.5
83.9
76.7
76.7
82.3
82.2
66.0

..
78.7
82.9
..
87.8
..
94.6
89.6
..
..
..
..
..
84.8

79.1
..
..
..
..
59.2
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

58.7
68.1
63.7
72.2

..
..
..
..

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

52.7
72.8
56.5
67.3
60.9
75.0

..
..
..
..
..
..

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

77.8
65.7

..
..

World

65.4

..

NOTES

a. Because data are based on statutory pension age which differs by country, comparison should be made wit
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. Registered unemployed persons only.
d. Refers to an earlier year than the period specified.
e. Data differ from standard definition or refer sto only part of the country.

..
5.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
3.7
7.3
..
22.5
1.7
..
2.3
..
2.8
..
..
..
..

25.7
20.8
21.4
38.0
22.2
40.1
26.3
39.2
..
26.0
26.1
28.5
15.0
42.8

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
49.0
..
..

18.3
16.2
..
..

7.9
5.4
8.3
..

..
..
11.8
25.2

24.6
..
19.2
14.0
..
..

10.4
..
8.3
6.6
8.6
..

..
..
4.7
11.1
12.3
26.2

..
..

..
..

23.5
..

..

7.5

..

ers by country, comparison should be made with caution.

89.3
94.4
77.7
..
81.1
70.2
89.8
81.1
73.1
78.2
80.4
77.5
82.2
73.7

56
90
98
..
60
98
84
98
..
84
98
..
98
98

..
3.6
80.8
24.1
47.9
43.2
75.2
76.9
..
78.0
15.7
61.0
27.8
31.8

60.8
..
..
..
..
74.5
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

100.0
95.9
100.0
82.6
100.0
3.0
35.4
49.9

..
64.2
..
56.5
..
..
..
19.5

..
..
60.5
74.9

99.9
..
57.2
40.3

..
..
..
..

..
..
19.7
..
74.2
71.1

80.8
79.0
96.5
92.5
41.3
43.5

..
..
..
..
..
..

77.8
..

38.1
..

..
..

..

62.3

..

4.1
..
5.7
6.2
17.3
8.8
4.0
3.2
..
0.9
1.6
..
15.0
6.1

..
..
3.7
..
15.9
..
2.0
0.5
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
8.5
..
20.0
..
6.8
7.1
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

87.5
..
..
..

97.5
..
..
..

6.6
..
..
..

20.5
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
5.5
2.0
..
..

..
..
23.9
8.1
..
..

..
..

..
..

..
..

..
..

..

..

..

..

f. Excludes first time job seekers.

g. Main cities and metropolitan areas only.
h Registered unemployed persons in urban arias only.
i. Includes those on non-standard type of break.
j. Urban areas only.
k. Includes young people ages 12-14.
l. Includes those working less than 40 hours a week.

DEFINITIONS
Employment to population ratio: Percentage of the population ages 25 years or older that is employed.
Vulnerable employment: Percentage of employed people engaged as unpaid family workers and own-accou
Youth unemployment: Percentage of the labour force population ages 15-24 that is not in paid employment
Unemployment rate: Percentage of the labour force population aged 15 years and older that is not in paid e
Child labour: Percentage of children ages 511 who, during the reference week, did at least one hour of eco
Share of working poor: Employed persons living on less than $2 per day expressed as a percentages of em
Mandatory paid maternity leave: The length of paid time off work that a female employee is entitled to take

Birth registration: Percentage of children less than 5 years old who were registered at the moment of the survey. The numerator o
Old age pension recipient: Elderly people above statutory pensionable age receiving an old age pension (contributory non contrib
Suicide rate: Estimated total number of deaths from purposely self-inflicted injuries, in the total population or of a given

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1, 2, 3 and 6: ILO (2013a).
Column 4: ILO (2014b).
Columns 5 and 8: UNICEF (2014).
Column 7: World Bank (2013b).
Columns 9-11: ILO (2014a).
Columns 12 and 13: WHO (2013c).

n ages 25 years or older that is employed.

aged as unpaid family workers and own-account workers.
ion ages 15-24 that is not in paid employment or self-employed but is available for work and has taken steps to seek paid employment or se
n aged 15 years and older that is not in paid employment or self-employed but is available for work and has taken steps to seek paid employ
e reference week, did at least one hour of economic activity or at least 28 hours of household chores, or children ages 1214 who, during th
$2 per day expressed as a percentages of employed persons aged 15 years and older.
work that a female employee is entitled to take care of a new born child.

gistered at the moment of the survey. The numerator of this indicator includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or careta
receiving an old age pension (contributory non contributory or both) expressed as a percentage of eligible population.
nflicted injuries, in the total population or of a given sex or age, divided by the total number of the reference population, expressed per 100,000 people.

or work and has taken steps to seek paid employment or self-employment.

s available for work and has taken steps to seek paid employment or self-employment.
of household chores, or children ages 1214 who, during the reference week, did at

birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker

ge of eligible population.
er of the reference population, expressed per 100,000 people.

12: Personal Insecurity

Vulne
Refugees by country of
origin

(thousands)
HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia

2012

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
4.5
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.6
0.2
..
1.3
0.1
0.0
0.1
..
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.5
1.6
0.0
0.2

Vulnerable groups

Homeless persons

Orphaned children
due to all causes

(thousands)

(% of population)

(thousands)

2012

2009

2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
208
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.4
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Internally displaced persons

Attitudes

Prison
population
per 100,000
(per 100,000
people)
2002-2013

72
130
82
82
716
79
192
118
230
73
88
67
47
148
128
99
51
24
223
98
98
108
122
58
66
106
147
154
111
122
60
106
238
162
329
217
38
187

Depth of food
deficit

Long term
unemployed

2005-2012

0.3
1.1
1.5
1.7
2.4
2.5
0.8
0.9
0.6
4.7
9.0
1.3
1.5
2.7
..
0.0
1.6
..
0.8
3.9
1.1
3.4
1.6
1.6
4.2
5.6
11.1
3.0
14.4
..
0.1
3.6
5.5
..
6.5
3.5
..
8.9

Justification of wife beating

(per 100,000)

(% of females
aged 15-49)

2011/2013

2008-2011

2005-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2
..
..
..
12
..
..
..
..

2.3
1.1
0.6
0.9
4.7
0.8
0.9
1.5
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.2
0.2
2.6
0.3
0.0
2.0
1.2
0.8
1.8
0.8
2.2
0.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
1.6
..
0.9
0.8
4.8
..
6.4
1.2
1.2
1.8

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

(% of the labour force) (kcal/caput/day)

c

Homicide
rate

Attitudes

Justification of wife beating

(% males
aged 15-49)
2005-2012

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil
79
Georgia
79
Grenada
82
Peru
83
Ukraine
84
Belize
84
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

0.0
0.6
1.2
0.0
1.1
0.3
6.7
1.2
62.6
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.2
4.1
6.2
2.8
5.3
0.1
110.7
2.1
0.1
..
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.3
15.1
0.1
8.2
0.3
135.4
3.6
8.4
0.0
0.0
132.8
75.6
15.9
2.4
157.9
1.1
9.3
0.3
5.2
25.3
0.0
7.6

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0
..
..

..
0.0
0.6
..
..
0.0
1.9
..
..
..
0.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
50
..
9.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
44.6
..
..
..
954 - 1,201
..
..
..
..
90
..
600
..
225
..
280
..
150
..
..
..

0.4
0.6
..
..
..
0.0
0.0
..
..
1.0
..
9.4
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.7
1.4
1.6
..
0.7
0.2
0.2
12.1
0.5
..
0.0
..
0.3
..
0.0
2.5
..
0.0
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

145
238
266
136
186
275
510
137
108
304
147

3.0
..
..
7.6
5.1
..
..
..
10.2
7.7
2.0

..
25
23
..
..
..
4
11
..
..
23

0.7
..
3.7
1.1
1.4
0.5
5.0
2.2
1.1
3.1
5.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

281
444
208
335
155
81
61
475
151
521
295
403
132
202
281
118
411
161
314
179
295
210
709
714
132
284
413
95
142
274
225
424
202
305
476
122

..
7.1
15.8
..
3.2
..
..
1.7
6.8
2.3
..
..
..
2.0
..
..
..
..
..
2.3
..
0.1
..
..
1.5
..
..
..
18.7
9.8
..
..
..
2.1
..
25.4

42
40
..
..
..
8
..
..
..
23
..
100
23
37
53
20
57
14
57
5
3
2
49
72
200
29
9
20
..
56
..
138
76
..
39
..

5.9
36.6
3.6
4.9
1.6
2.9
0.7
9.7
1.7
11.3
0.0
6.8
..
3.4
26.1
2.2
21.3
45.1
10.0
3.3
8.8
23.7
..
38.2
3.6
3.0
2.2
..
1.3
21.8
2.5
11.5
10.3
4.3
39.0
1.5

..
..
10.9
4.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
7.6
9.7
..
..
..
24.7
12.2
..
..
..
53.2
..
49.0
90.0
2.9
..
6.9
..
..
3.6
8.6
14.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
16.7
..
..
..
..
..
58.3
..
6.6
..
..
..
..
11.1
..
..

86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Armenia
Fiji
Thailand
Tunisia
China
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Algeria
Dominica
Albania
Jamaica
Saint Lucia
Colombia
Ecuador
Suriname
Tonga
Dominican Republic
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

51.9
16.1
1.3
0.4
1.9
193.3
1.3
5.7
0.1
12.6
1.4
0.6
111.8
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.3

103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
132

Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia
Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua

0.0
2.1
0.7
0.0
5,366.7
10.1
0.1
10.0
0.1
0.2
0.6
6.1
8.2
7.1
1.0
0.4
728.2
746.4
0.8
336.9
0.0
..
6.4
3.5
1.1
0.0
2.6
2.4
0.0
1.5

113
8.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4,900 - 5,500
..
..
..
..

..
..
1.9
0.4
0.0
4.5
0.0
0.8
7.4
..
0.1
0.2
1.7
0.9
0.0
3.6
1.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
144.5
170
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3.4
72
..
6500
2,100
..
..
..
..
..
67
..
..
..
..
..
..

13.9
0.0
..
16.0
..
0.8
2.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.8
..
0.0
..
3.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.4
2.0
1.1
..
0.0
..
0.0
0.2
0.9
0.0
5.0
0.4

..
..
..
..
..
..
160
..
..
61
..
..
..
..
..
4,000
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
130
..
..
..
..
..

80
164
174
398
199
121
376
162
391
158
152
317
245
149
186
150
240
307
287
224
228
..
59
205
80
118
196
140
188
422
152
111
294
58
110
260
145
267
80
105
181
191
25
153
220
76
153

25.4
9.7
2.6
0.1
..
..
16.9
7.1
..
10.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
16
18
40
6
76
38
15
14
..
60
88
70
106
70
..
107

1.3
1.4
..
4.8
1.1
1.0
19.2
0.8
22.1
4.4
41.2
25.2
33.2
18.2
4.6
1.0
25.0

4.8
9.3
..
..
30.3
..
..
67.9
..
29.8
2.9
..
..
..
12.5
..
4.1

..
3.4
..
..
..
..
10.4
7.7
..
..
1.3
1.7
..
..
0.1
8.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
30.9
0.4
..
5.8
..
..

35
188
15
23
211
64
187
8
157
35
140
..
78
38
100
13
38
217
33
63
66
..
201
39
212
254
46
31
48
144

1.6
9.5
..
1.1
..
0.6
14.5
3.3
11.4
13.8
7.7
8.6
70.2
3.1
5.4
30.9
2.3
2.0
17.2
1.6
..
0.9
38.5
6.5
..
6.9
91.6
1.4
0.9
12.6

30.8
10.1
37.7
60.8
..
35.0
..
39.3
..
50.2
16.1
20.8
..
69.6
14.1
..
..
51.2
16.3
35.8
17.3
..
..
37.7
35.2
86.2
12.4
63.9
60.0
13.7

6.0
19.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
36.4
21.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
14.3
8.8
..
45.7
..
17.0
..
..
..
39.7
..
21.7
..
59.4
..
..
..
..
19.3
..
16.3
..
..
..
40.8
80.7
9.9
..
..
..

k
k

133
Kiribati
133
Tajikistan
135
India
136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
Nepal
146
Pakistan
147
Kenya
148
Swaziland
149
Angola
150
Myanmar
151
Rwanda
152
Cameroon
152
Nigeria
154
Yemen
155
Madagascar
156
Zimbabwe
157
Papua New Guinea
157
Solomon Islands
159
Comoros
159
Tanzania (United Republic of)
161
Mauritania
162
Lesotho
163
Senegal
164
Uganda
165
Benin
166
Sudan
166
Togo
168
Haiti
169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea

0.0
0.7
14.3
41.6
14.0
24.3
8.0
12.2
0.2
10.2
0.0
0.2
7.6
33.6
8.9
0.1
20.2
215.3
97.5
13.4
18.0
2.6
0.3
22.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
1.1
33.8
0.0
18.7
5.6
0.5
558.5
15.7
38.6
2,585.6
0.6
100.7
3.1
74.9
0.3
23.5
149.9
1.2
0.2
14.2

..
..
540
..
..
..
..
7.8
..
..
..
..
..
758
412
..
..
498
..
..
..
307
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
10-40
30
..
2900
..
360
493
..
40 - 80
..
..
..
..
353.4
..
..
..

v
w

aa

4.8
..
1.0
0.2
2.2
1.2
19.7
2.1
0.1
2.1
0.0
0.0

..
..
..
..
..
1,000
..
220
1,400
..
..
..

0.9
6.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
1.2
3.8
0.5
3.7
0.3
0.1
0.2
2.2
0.1
0.6
1.4
0.9
1.3
1.8
1.6
0.7
3.1
0.4
0.4
0.2
1.9
0.2
0.7
0.1
3.0
0.0

..
..
2,600
120
1,100
..
590
1,300
11,500
..
..
1,200
320
..
..
3,100
..
220
..
2,700
450
..
360
430
..
43
1,300
..
4,500
1,300
190
..
120
2,000
670

114
130
30
135
106
54
69
31
119
42
128
95

..
..
1.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

48
249
121
..
102
18
195
234
306
118
45
..

7.3
2.1
3.5
1.0
..
15.7
4.6
30.8
1.8
2.7
3.6
20.7

75.6
74.4
54.4
68.4
45.7
44.1
58.2
75.7
61.9
32.5
19.5
..

48
39
121
284
105
120
492
119
32
55
87
129
48
55
16
78
45
121
64
97
75
56
64
96
76
83
34
56
136
76
46
36
..
65
25

1.0
1.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
15.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.3
..
..
..
..
5.9
..

112
131
166
262
153
..
201
85
42
188
176
226
..
81
655
221
46
102
142
192
34
..
98
431
..
143
133
102
314
119
201
39
61
269
91

2.8
7.8
6.3
..
19.0
10.2
17.1
..
12.2
4.2
8.1
7.7
13.0
3.7
12.2
24.5
14.7
35.2
8.7
10.9
15.1
24.2
10.9
6.9
2.4
3.4
56.9
10.8
25.5
36.0
10.1
8.0
20.2
3.3
22.5

23.2
..
52.6
27.6
..
..
56.2
46.5
45.6
..
32.3
39.6
..
68.8
..
53.5
37.9
37.1
60.0
58.3
46.6
47.0
43.0
16.7
90.2
..
47.9
74.5
68.4
12.6
59.3
87.2
40.2
22.9
85.6

ab

59.7
..
51.0
..
22.4
25.7
49.1
..
49.3
..
21.7
..
21.5
..
44.0
23.1
..
..
25.1
38.7
..
..
30.1
33.7
..
65.1
..
38.1
..
48.4
24.7
43.7
13.5
..
..
14.9
..
..
42.0
..
44.9
12.9
30.2
..
..
19.9
..

k
k

180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

73.6
1.5
247.8
7.4
15.8
162.4
509.2
0.8
1.1
0.0
0.0
..
0.0
1,136.1
86.9
0.0

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

86.9
1,136.6
7,369.0
5,085.4

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

8,585.0
784.3
463.9
207.9
2,901.2
1,768.7

Least developed countries

Small island developing states
World

6,185.7
54.1
14,902.2

ad

Footnotes
a. Data refer to those recognize under the 1951 UN Convention/1967 Protocol, the 1969 OAU Convention. In
b. For more detailed comments on the estimates, visit the IDMC website: http://www.internal-displacement.org
c. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
d. A limited number of countries record refugee and asylum statistics by country of birth rather than country of
e. Excludes territories in Africa, Americas and Oceania.
f. Includes more than 200,000 Greek and Turkish Cypriots displaced in 1974.
g. Does not include the internationally unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
h. Figure excludes non-Libyans displaced within the country.
i. Includes internally displaced persons from Chechnya and North Ossetia with forced migrant status in and ou
j. Differs from standard definition or refer to only part of the country.
k. Based on Hacettepe University survey commissioned by the government.
l. Includes internally displaced persons from Nagorno Karabakh and and surrounding districts as well as childr

78.8
..
10
..
90
533
2,770
..

1.0
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.1
2.2
0.4
1.3

680
980
160
370
960
..
5,100
..

..
..
..
..
..
1,133
430
..

5.3
..
..
..
..
6.8
..
5.5

..
..
..
..
..
..
470
..

..
3.2
1.1
1.6

..
..
..
..

0.5
3.6
..
0.7
1.7
0.7

..
..
..
..
..
4,535

1.3
1.8
2.1

..
..
..

ac

UN Convention/1967 Protocol, the 1969 OAU Convention. In the absence of Government figures, UNHCR has estimated the refugee popula
, visit the IDMC website: http://www.internal-displacement.org/
ring the period specified.
nd asylum statistics by country of birth rather than country of origin. This affects the number of refugees reported as originating from United

h Cypriots displaced in 1974.

zed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

chnya and North Ossetia with forced migrant status in and outside the North Caucasus

sioned by the government.

orno Karabakh and and surrounding districts as well as children born during displacement.

72
28
..
52
41
19
33
42

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

581
178
488
209
216
196
..
77

4.1
18.0
17.8
14.9
15.8
29.3
21.7
3.8

72.9
43.5
70.7
73.3
62.3
79.6
75.9
70.1

..
58
73
277
6
..
65
120

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

238
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

15.2
..
0.0
9.8
..
1.5
..
..

..
55.9
..
..
..
75.7
78.5
70.0

283
186
63
71

3.1
..
..
..

..
62
104
157

2.3
6.4
4.7
14.1

..
..
46.8
53.8

116
123
220
230
46
91

..
..
..
..
..
..

56
76
..
57
119
149

4.9
1.8
3.8
22.7
3.8
17.4

..
..
26.8
..
51.9
54.7

77
231
145

..
..
..

187
152
..

12.8
14.2
6.5

52.0
..
..

t figures, UNHCR has estimated the refugee population in 25 industrialized countries based on 10 years of individual refugee recognition.

mber of refugees reported as originating from United States.

44.3
34.1
..
..
..
80.3
..
..

..
57.6
..
..
..
..
..
73.1

..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

on 10 years of individual refugee recognition.

m. Includes people displaced in 2008 and in the 1990s, as well as 10,000 people internally displaced in South
n. Does not include Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which have declared independence from Georgia.
o. Does not include those in pre-trial or administrative detentions.
p. Sentenced prisoners only.
q. Includes Palestinian refugees under the responsibility of United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Pales
r. Excludes the internationally unrecognized Transnistria.
s. Includes people in government-recognised camps and relocation sites, those displaced by armed conflict, c
t. Refugee figures for Iraqis in Jordan and Syrian Arab Republic are government estimates. UNHCR has regis
u. Some 300,000 Vietnamese refugees are well integrated and in practice receive protection from the Govern
v. Includes only people displaced in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and federally administered tribal areas who
w. Includes people displaced by the 2007 post-election violence nd those still displaced by earlier episodes of
x. Includes thousands of sentenced or awaiting trial in connection with the genocide of 1994.
y. Ministry of the Interior prisons only.
z. Figures for refugees and asylum-seekers may include citizens of South Sudan (in absence of separate stat
aa. Excludes people displaced during the 2002-2007 conflict.
ab. Prisons under government control only.
ac. Rough estimate as access to affected populations is limited.
ad. An unknown number of refugees and asylum-seekers from South Sudan may be included in data for Suda

DEFINITIONS

Refugees by country of origin: Number of people who have fled their country of origin because of a well fou
Internally displaced persons: Number of people who have been forced to leave their homes or places of ha
Homeless people: People who lack a shelter for living quarters as a result of natural disasters, who carry the
Orphaned children: Number of children (ages 017) who have lost one or both parents due to any cause.
Prison population: Number of adult and juvenile prisoners (including pre-trial detainees, unless otherwise no
Long-term unemployment rate: Percentage of the labour force (the employed and unemployed population)
Depth of food deficit: Number of kilocalories needed to lift the undernourished from their status, holding all o
Homicide rate: Number of unlawful deaths purposefully inflicted on a person by another person, expressed p
Justification of wife beating: Percentage of women and men ages 1549 who consider a husband to be jus

Sources
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Column 1: UNHCR (2013).
Column 2: IDMC (2013).
Column 3: United Nations Statistics Division (2013).
Columns 4, 9 and 10: UNICEF (2014).
Column 5: International Centre for Prison Studies (2013).
Column 6: ILO (2013a).
Column 7: FAO (2013a).
Column 8: UNODC (2013).

1990s, as well as 10,000 people internally displaced in South Ossetia,; and those who have returned home or been relocated with their childr
which have declared independence from Georgia.

nsibility of United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.

mps and relocation sites, those displaced by armed conflict, clan violence and crime in 2012; but not IDPs living with hosts or people whose r
Arab Republic are government estimates. UNHCR has registered and is assisting 90,500 Iraqis in both countries at year-end.
ntegrated and in practice receive protection from the Government of China.
tunkhwa province and federally administered tribal areas who meet official IDP registration criteria are included.
ection violence nd those still displaced by earlier episodes of violence.
rial in connection with the genocide of 1994.

include citizens of South Sudan (in absence of separate statistics for both countries).

-seekers from South Sudan may be included in data for Sudan.

ple who have fled their country of origin because of a well founded fear of persecution due to their race, religion, nationality, political opinion o
e who have been forced to leave their homes or places of habitual residencein particular, as a result of or to avoid the effects of armed con
living quarters as a result of natural disasters, who carry their few possessions with them and who sleep in the streets, in doorways or on pie
17) who have lost one or both parents due to any cause.
e prisoners (including pre-trial detainees, unless otherwise noted), expressed per 100,000 people.
the labour force (the employed and unemployed population) ages 15 and older who are not working but are available for work and have take
eded to lift the undernourished from their status, holding all other factors constant.
osefully inflicted on a person by another person, expressed per 100,000 people.
men and men ages 1549 who consider a husband to be justified in hitting or beating his wife for at least one of the following reasons: if his

ave returned home or been relocated with their children with IDP status.

012; but not IDPs living with hosts or people whose return or settlement elsewhere has not been sustainable.
00 Iraqis in both countries at year-end.

on criteria are included.

ue to their race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social

lar, as a result of or to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence,
m and who sleep in the streets, in doorways or on piers, or in any other space, on a more or

0 people.
not working but are available for work and have taken specific steps to seek paid

s wife for at least one of the following reasons: if his wife burns the food, argues with him,

Table 13: International integration

Trade

Country

HDI rank

Remoteness

International
trade

(kilometers)

(% of GDP)

2012

2012

5,709
13,506
5,878
5,741
8,678
5,972
14,121
7,000
10,132
5,696
5,796
5,735
5,866
5,930
8,740
8,000
8,956
..
6,783
5,990
5,860
5,746
5,740
5,763
5,889
6,224
6,320
5,776
6,347
10,034
7,409

68.2
42.6
91.6
165.9
31.7
97.6
59.0
62.1
379.1
104.6
192.4
91.3
112.1
65.7
447.2
109.9
31.2
..
72.2
57.1
110.5
168.4
311.4
80.1
147.3
59.3
63.4
150.7
59.0
112.5
96.5

Foreign direct
investment,
net inflows
(% of GDP)
b

2012

Very high human development

1 Norway
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
17
18
19
20
21
21
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Australia
Switzerland
Netherlands
United States
Germany
New Zealand
Canada
Singapore
Denmark
Ireland
Sweden
Iceland
United Kingdom
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
Korea (Republic of)
Japan
Liechtenstein
Israel
France
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Finland
Slovenia
Italy
Spain
Czech Republic
Greece
Brunei Darussalam
Qatar

1.5
4.8
1.5
-1.1
1.3
0.8
2.7
2.5
20.6
0.4
15.7
0.7
3.8
2.3
38.7
0.4
0.0
..
4.3
2.5
0.5
-0.4
31.0
0.7
0.0
0.4
2.7
5.4
1.2
7.4
-0.1

32 Cyprus
33 Estonia
34 Saudi Arabia
35 Lithuania
35 Poland
37 Andorra
37 Slovakia
39 Malta
40 United Arab Emirates
41 Chile
41 Portugal
43 Hungary
44 Bahrain
44 Cuba
46 Kuwait
47 Croatia
48 Latvia
49 Argentina

6,581
5,743
7,423
5,785
5,814
..
5,843
6,380
7,526
12,324
6,380
5,885
7,323
8,274
7,114
5,911
5,749
12,258

86.7
184.4
86.4
167.9
92.0
..
186.3
185.5
169.6
68.1
78.1
181.8
123.7
38.6
95.7
86.6
125.7
37.1

4.3
7.4
1.7
1.6
0.6
..
3.8
4.7
2.2
11.3
6.5
6.8
2.7
0.0
0.2
2.3
3.2
2.7

12,159
8,002
..
5,823
6,077
6,566
7,626
6,080
6,106
8,615
10,216
8,344
9,949
10,613
8,835
6,677
9,308
8,975
9,325
6,306
6,933
9,118
9,484

65.2
101.0
106.4
158.7
85.1
94.8
94.5
51.6
137.0
99.7
153.2
105.0
163.0
119.9
91.9
72.9
147.5
50.4
79.4
58.0
78.5
66.9
144.7

4.7
7.6
12.4
2.3
1.4
2.2
1.1
2.6
4.0
9.1
0.9
5.1
4.2
2.4
2.4
8.7
9.3
0.6
5.3
1.6
7.1
1.1
13.1

High human development

50 Uruguay
51 Bahamas
51 Montenegro
53 Belarus
54 Romania
55 Libya
56 Oman
57 Russian Federation
58 Bulgaria
59 Barbados
60 Palau
61 Antigua and Barbuda
62 Malaysia
63 Mauritius
64 Trinidad and Tobago
65 Lebanon
65 Panama
67 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68 Costa Rica
69 Turkey
70 Kazakhstan
71 Mexico
71 Seychelles

73 Saint Kitts and Nevis

73
75
76
77
77
79
79
79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102

8,346
Sri Lanka
9,181
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
6,873
Azerbaijan
6,592
Jordan
6,784
Serbia
5,987
Brazil
11,491
Georgia
6,448
Grenada
8,726
Peru
10,907
Ukraine
5,943
Belize
8,870
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
6,113
Bosnia and Herzegovina
6,005
Armenia
6,506
Fiji
12,589
Thailand
9,132
Tunisia
6,323
China
8,513
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
8,632
Algeria
6,359
Dominica
8,475
Albania
6,128
Jamaica
8,541
Saint Lucia
8,566
Colombia
9,603
Ecuador
10,014
Suriname
9,093
Tonga
12,825
Dominican Republic
8,371
Medium human development

103 Maldives
103 Mongolia
103 Turkmenistan
106 Samoa
107 Palestine, State of
108 Indonesia
109 Botswana
110 Egypt
111 Paraguay
112 Gabon
113 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

9,236
7,108
6,842
12,241
..
10,862
10,458
6,859
11,491
8,696
11,042

72.6
60.7
..
74.3
119.1
92.4
26.5
96.2
73.8
49.9
110.3
130.8
129.3
110.8
72.3
105.6
148.8
106.6
58.7
82.9
52.4
89.6
89.8
84.7
114.1
38.7
64.4
..
78.5
58.9

15.2
1.6
0.8
7.7
5.1
6.2
3.4
5.0
5.3
4.7
4.4
6.6
3.4
3.7
4.9
5.4
2.4
0.9
3.0
15.9
1.4
7.2
9.6
1.2
6.7
4.3
0.8
3.4
2.4
4.1

214.4
127.8
123.2
90.5
..
50.1
95.1
44.8
93.5
..
85.1

13.1
53.8
11.4
2.3
..
2.3
2.0
-0.2
1.6
3.9
3.6

114 Moldova (Republic of)

115 El Salvador
116 Uzbekistan
117 Philippines
118 South Africa
118 Syrian Arab Republic
120 Iraq
121 Guyana
121 Viet Nam
123 Cape Verde
124 Micronesia (Federated States of)
125 Guatemala
125 Kyrgyzstan
127 Namibia
128 Timor-Leste
129 Honduras
129 Morocco
131 Vanuatu
132 Nicaragua
133 Kiribati
133 Tajikistan
135 India
136 Bhutan
136 Cambodia
138 Ghana
139 Lao People's Democratic Republic
140 Congo
141 Zambia
142 Bangladesh
142 Sao Tome and Principe
144 Equatorial Guinea

6,007
9,153
6,879
9,442
11,090
6,710
6,848
9,073
8,671
8,000
10,636
9,114
6,892
10,276
11,254
9,074
6,601
12,466
9,205
11,212
6,986
7,843
7,944
9,332
8,385
8,816
9,012
9,846
8,214
8,714
8,465

128.1
74.9
64.4
64.8
59.6
71.1
..
..
180.0
114.8
..
60.8
136.2
95.0
..
120.6
86.6
95.0
98.2
..
73.9
55.4
87.3
113.6
102.1
82.3
122.1
83.1
60.3
68.8
139.9

2.3
1.1
3.1
1.1
1.5
2.5
0.8
6.4
6.0
2.8
2.5
2.3
11.2
7.7
4.3
5.9
2.5
7.4
7.7
2.3
0.2
1.7
0.9
7.0
8.1
3.7
20.3
10.3
1.0
8.5
4.4

7,855
7,322
8,954
10,604
9,343
..
8,925
8,455
8,326
7,912

42.4
33.1
71.8
141.3
108.3
..
46.0
65.4
75.2
65.1

0.5
0.4
1.0
2.4
-2.9
..
1.7
1.4
3.6
-2.2

Low human development

145 Nepal
146 Pakistan
147 Kenya
148 Swaziland
149 Angola
150 Myanmar
151 Rwanda
152 Cameroon
152 Nigeria
154 Yemen

155 Madagascar
156 Zimbabwe
157 Papua New Guinea
157 Solomon Islands
159 Comoros
159 Tanzania (United Republic of)
161 Mauritania
162 Lesotho
163 Senegal
164 Uganda
165 Benin
166 Sudan
166 Togo
168 Haiti
169 Afghanistan
170 Djibouti
171 Cte d'Ivoire
172 Gambia
173 Ethiopia
174 Malawi
175 Liberia
176 Mali
177 Guinea-Bissau
178 Mozambique
179 Guinea
180 Burundi
181 Burkina Faso
182 Eritrea
183 Sierra Leone
184 Chad
185 Central African Republic
186 Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187 Niger

10,325
10,030
11,638
11,809
9,758
9,370
7,690
10,772
7,941
8,793
8,305
7,763
8,327
8,407
7,192
..
8,429
8,008
8,268
9,792
8,424
7,964
8,103
10,596
8,264
9,017
7,930
7,842
8,304
7,888
8,423
9,216
7,825

63.2
137.3
..
72.9
67.1
81.3
152.3
154.5
68.0
58.1
41.9
34.8
97.6
68.8
45.3
..
85.3
76.0
48.7
69.1
120.8
61.8
..
75.7
78.4
47.0
49.7
37.5
69.9
66.2
35.6
146.3
76.5

9.2
4.0
-2.5
12.2
1.1
4.6
1.1
5.2
2.0
8.7
1.6
4.8
1.5
2.5
0.5
..
1.4
4.0
2.0
1.6
84.9
1.7
2.0
16.5
18.8
0.1
0.1
0.7
24.3
17.5
5.0
10.2
16.8

..
10,788
..
..
5,958
..
..
11,948

..
..
..
..
..
..
94.2
..

..
4.2
..
..
..
..
..
5.0

Other countries or territories

Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

Human Development Index groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

7,825
8,536
8,741
8,360

63.1
60.0
63.3
66.1

1.9
2.8
2.2
2.5

Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

7,037
8,809
6,364
10,621
7,845
9,496

91.9
66.2
77.0
45.8
53.5
76.9

1.5
3.0
3.6
3.1
1.4
3.3

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

8,646
9,133

74.3
69.2

3.2
2.5

World

8,078

62.4

2.2

Regions

Notes
a. A negative value refers to net official development assistance disbursed by donor countries.
b. Data refer to 2012 or the most recent year available.
c. Data refer to 2011 or the most recent year available.
d. Data are annual average of projected values for 2010-2015.
e. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
f. Includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.
g. Includes Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.
h. Includes Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla.
i. Includes Northern Cyprus.
j. Includes Sabah and Sarawak.
k. Includes Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon
l. Includes Nagorno-Karabakh.
m. Includes Kosovo.
n. Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
o. Includes East Jerusalem. Refugees are not part of the foreign-born migrant stock in the State of Pales
p. Includes Transnistria.

Definitions
Remoteness: GDP-weighted average distance from world markets, calculated as the sum of all bilateral

International trade: A basic indicator of openness to foreign trade and economic integration. It indicates
Foreign direct investment, net inflows: Sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term
Private capital flows: Net foreign direct investment and portfolio investment, expressed as a percentage
Net official development assistance received: Disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (n
Remittances, inflows: Earnings and material resources transferred by international migrants or refugee
Total reserves minus gold: Sum of special drawing rights, reserves of International Monetary Fund (IMF
Net migration rate: Ratio of the difference between the number of in-migrants and out-migrants from a c
Stock of immigrants: Ratio of the stock of immigrants into a country, expressed as a percentage of the
International inbound tourists: Arrivals of nonresident visitors (overnight visitors, tourists, same-day vis
Internet users: People with access to the worldwide network, expressed per 100 people.
International telephone traffic, incoming: Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed and mobile) orig
International telephone traffic, outgoing: Effective (completed) telephone calls (fixed and mobile) orig

Main data sources

Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data on GDP from World Bank (2013a) and data on geo-distan
Column 2: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2013a).
Columns 3-7, 10 and 11: World Bank (2013a).
Column 8: UNDESA (2013a).
Column 9: UNDESA (2013c).
Columns 12 and 13: HDRO calculations based on data on incoming and outgoing telephone traffic from

Financial flows
Private
Net official
capital
development
flows
assistance
received
(% of GDP)
b

2012

12.8
-3.6
4.0
9.4
-2.3
4.3
-4.5
-1.9
5.7
6.4
-1.2
0.5
41.9
14.3
4.2
0.8
2.7
..
1.3
-1.6
1.2
-9.2
-449.3
-2.2
0.0
-0.8
1.7
-5.8
50.3
-4.3
14.6

(% of GNI)
b

Human mobility

Remittances,
inflows
(% of GDP)

2011

2011

-1.0
-0.4
-0.5
-0.8
-0.2
-0.4
-0.3
-0.3
..
-0.9
-0.5
-1.0
-0.2
-0.6
..
..
-0.2
..
-0.1
-0.5
-0.3
-0.5
-1.0
-0.5
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.1
-0.1
1.0
..

0.16
0.14
0.50
0.21
0.04
0.37
0.55
..
..
0.38
0.34
0.14
0.15
0.07
0.14
0.76
0.04
..
0.23
0.69
0.64
2.12
2.94
0.29
0.86
0.32
0.67
0.84
0.41
..
0.33

Total
reserves
minus gold

Net
migration
rate

(% of GDP)

(per 1,000
people)

2012

3.4
0.7
..
1.6
..
10.3
0.4
0.6
0.1
3.5
..
..
13.4
..
..
..
1.4
6.4
1.6
8.2
3.1
2.9
..
..
0.5
..
..
..
2.7
..
1.8

2010/2015

6.0
6.5
8.0
0.6
3.1
1.3
3.3
6.3
15.0
2.7
2.2
4.2
3.3
2.9
4.2
1.2
0.6
..
-2.0
2.0
3.5
2.7
9.7
1.8
2.1
3.0
2.6
3.8
0.9
0.8
48.8

Stock of
immigrants
(% of population)
d

2013

13.8
27.7
28.9
11.7
14.3
11.9
25.1
20.7
42.9
9.9
15.9
15.9
10.4
12.4
38.9
2.5
1.9
33.1
26.5
11.6
15.7
10.4
43.3
5.4
11.3
9.4
13.8
4.0
8.9
49.3
73.8

-32.2
-2.0
-0.6
-3.9
-4.8
..
-14.8
22.9
..
-2.2
9.4
-4.0
-18.8
..
9.6
-6.7
-7.5
-2.4

..
-0.1
..
..
-0.1
..
-0.1
..
..
0.0
-0.3
-0.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
0.0

0.51
1.84
0.04
4.56
1.48
..
1.83
0.40
..
0.00
1.59
1.76
..
..
..
2.23
2.45
0.15

4.5
..
1.1
0.1
1.5
..
3.0
5.7
0.8
3.4
2.2
1.1
5.2
..
1.5
0.3
..
2.1

6.2
0.0
2.1
-1.9
-0.2
..
0.6
2.1
11.4
0.3
1.9
1.5
3.4
-2.5
18.3
-0.9
-1.0
-0.5

18.2
16.3
31.4
4.9
1.7
56.9
2.7
8.0
83.7
2.3
8.4
4.7
54.7
0.1
60.2
17.6
13.8
4.5

-8.9
-4.0
-13.0
-1.8
-4.0
5.0
0.8
-1.0
-0.8
-10.4
..
-6.6
-3.9
-96.7
..
-2.8
-8.0
-1.2
-8.8
-6.2
2.6
-5.2
-11.2

0.0
0.3
1.6
0.5
..
..
..
..
0.8
0.1
20.7
1.4
0.0
1.7
..
1.1
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.1

0.22
..
7.62
1.27
2.13
..
0.06
0.26
2.77
2.22
..
1.82
0.42
0.00
0.39
18.26
1.24
0.04
1.27
0.14
0.10
2.04
2.41

0.5
1.9
..
..
0.8
3.5
..
9.0
1.8
2.4
3.6
4.3
..
14.5
..
..
..
1.5
2.3
5.6
1.2
..
..

-1.8
5.2
-0.8
-0.2
-0.4
-7.7
59.2
1.5
-1.4
1.4
..
-0.1
3.1
0.0
-2.2
21.3
1.5
0.3
2.7
0.9
0.0
-2.0
-3.4

2.2
16.3
8.2
11.6
0.9
12.2
30.6
7.7
1.2
11.3
26.7
31.9
8.3
3.6
2.4
17.6
4.1
3.9
8.6
2.5
21.1
0.9
13.0

-12.2
-3.3
..
-1.6
-5.7
-6.6
-3.4
-9.2
-3.0
-4.3
-6.4
-5.6
-2.5
-3.3
-4.8
-6.0
0.2
-3.4
-2.9
-18.0
-1.0
-4.9
-6.9
-2.7
-11.6
-5.8
-0.9
-1.3
..
-5.6

2.5
1.0
..
0.5
3.3
1.3
0.2
3.9
1.6
0.4
0.5
0.4
1.6
0.1
3.5
2.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
2.8
0.1
5.2
2.4
0.4
3.0
0.4
0.3
2.3
21.1
0.4

6.35
8.71
0.26
2.87
11.97
7.56
0.11
10.65
3.71
1.53
4.79
5.23
4.17
10.73
19.66
4.14
1.32
4.32
0.55
4.27
0.10
4.87
8.96
14.60
2.43
1.25
3.49
0.09
16.68
6.56

..
0.3
0.3
..
2.2
..
1.0
0.4
1.9
..
1.9
3.7
..
..
0.0
..
8.2
1.2
0.2
3.4
0.7
4.3
..
2.4
..
2.1
..
..
0.2
0.8

..
-3.0
-0.8
0.0
11.3
-2.1
-0.2
-5.8
-8.1
-2.0
-0.2
4.6
-0.5
-0.3
-3.4
-6.6
0.3
-0.6
-0.2
-9.1
-0.3
..
-3.2
-5.8
0.0
-0.5
-0.4
-1.9
-15.4
-2.7

10.5
1.5
3.4
3.4
40.2
5.6
0.3
4.4
10.7
0.3
11.4
15.3
6.6
0.6
10.6
2.6
5.6
0.3
0.1
9.4
0.7
8.9
3.1
1.3
6.7
0.3
2.3
7.7
5.2
3.9

-12.8
-65.6
..
-3.8
..
-2.7
-1.5
-0.2
-3.4
..
-2.6

2.7
4.3
0.1
16.6
..
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.5

0.14
3.19
..
21.94
..
0.82
0.41
6.07
3.43
..
4.36

0.8
..
..
0.4
1.0
3.6
26.3
1.0
0.4
1.0
0.7

0.0
-1.1
-1.0
-13.4
-2.0
-0.6
2.0
-0.5
-1.2
0.6
-2.4

24.4
0.6
4.3
3.0
5.9
0.1
7.2
0.4
2.7
23.6
1.4

-2.1
-5.9
..
-1.8
-1.8
-2.2
1.3
-6.7
-6.5
-3.7
..
-3.7
-5.8
-4.4
216.3
-5.9
-2.6
-7.4
-8.3
..
-0.2
-1.1
..
-10.6
-8.7
-3.8
..
-8.2
-0.9
-7.0
..

6.0
1.3
0.5
-0.1
0.3
..
1.7
6.2
3.0
0.1
41.2
0.9
9.2
2.4
..
3.8
1.3
12.4
7.6
27.1
5.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
4.8
5.2
2.4
6.1
0.9
30.2
0.2

22.81
15.84
..
10.25
0.29
2.74
0.21
14.48
6.95
9.28
..
9.45
27.57
0.12
11.99
15.87
7.31
2.77
9.48
..
46.91
3.41
0.57
1.25
0.38
1.34
..
0.24
10.78
2.77
..

..
4.2
0.3
1.4
1.6
..
1.2
1.3
0.4
4.0
1.5
3.3
..
..
4.3
..
0.0
1.5
2.4
..
0.0
3.5
4.8
..
..
2.1
0.0
2.5
1.6
..
1.8

-5.9
-7.1
-1.4
-1.4
-0.4
-13.7
2.7
-8.2
-0.4
-6.9
-15.7
-1.0
-6.3
-0.3
-13.3
-1.2
-2.7
0.0
-4.0
-2.0
-2.5
-0.4
2.7
-2.3
-0.8
-2.2
-2.1
-0.6
-2.6
-1.6
5.3

11.2
0.7
4.4
0.2
4.5
6.4
0.3
1.8
0.1
3.0
2.5
0.5
4.1
2.2
1.0
0.3
0.2
1.2
0.7
2.6
3.4
0.4
6.7
0.5
1.4
0.3
9.7
0.7
0.9
3.3
1.3

..
-0.4
-0.8
-5.0
8.6
..
-2.3
-0.5
-7.9
1.9

4.7
1.6
7.4
3.2
0.2
..
20.2
0.3
0.8
1.5

22.22
5.82
2.72
1.38
0.00
..
1.62
0.45
8.45
4.43

3.7
..
2.5
4.7
..
0.2
..
0.1
..
5.4

-2.9
-1.8
-0.2
-1.0
0.6
-0.4
-0.8
-0.5
-0.4
-1.1

3.5
2.2
2.2
2.0
0.4
0.2
3.8
1.3
0.7
1.3

..
..
0.8
-16.3
..
-6.0
..
-5.4
-2.7
-8.7
-1.1
-4.2
-0.8
..
0.0
..
-3.4
..
..
-1.5
..
0.6
-2.6
-36.0
-22.9
..
1.8
..
-25.5
..
..
..
-18.9

4.2
7.4
4.9
49.6
8.5
10.4
9.2
9.0
7.4
9.6
0.1
1.9
15.5
23.2
35.0
..
6.2
15.6
11.8
14.5
53.6
12.3
12.3
16.3
4.5
1.0
0.3
6.3
14.6
4.9
0.5
38.4
10.9

..
..
0.09
0.19
..
0.32
..
25.72
10.23
5.64
2.53
2.22
9.13
21.12
..
..
1.55
10.09
1.62
0.31
23.29
4.44
4.74
1.25
1.27
1.93
1.06
..
2.00
..
..
0.73
1.69

0.1
..
..
..
4.5
0.4
3.0
..
8.5
0.7
3.2
4.7
5.3
2.0
1.3
..
0.0
..
0.8
3.0
..
0.9
1.5
..
..
7.0
3.3
0.1
0.8
0.7
4.7
0.9
2.8

0.0
5.7
0.0
-4.3
-2.8
-0.6
-1.0
-1.9
-1.4
-0.8
-0.2
-4.3
-0.3
-3.4
-2.6
-3.7
0.5
-1.5
-0.1
0.0
-0.9
-4.0
-1.2
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-1.5
1.8
-0.7
-1.9
0.4
-0.2
-0.3

0.1
2.6
0.3
1.4
1.7
0.6
2.3
0.1
1.5
1.4
2.3
1.2
3.0
0.4
0.3
14.2
12.0
8.8
0.8
1.3
5.3
1.3
1.1
0.8
3.2
2.5
4.1
0.2
1.6
3.4
2.9
0.7
0.7

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
38.2
..
..
..
..
..
76.9

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

0.1
1.3
..
..
0.5
..
2.3
6.7

0.0
..
..
..
..
-2.9
15.7
..

0.2
3.2
64.2
20.6
15.4
0.2
5.6
1.5

0.4
-3.0
-1.9
..

-0.3
0.1
0.5
5.1

0.26
0.82
3.67
5.03

..
..
2.7
2.4

2.5
-0.1
-0.9
-0.8

12.5
1.8
0.7
1.6

1.0
..
-4.5
-3.8
-1.1
..

..
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.6
3.8

..
0.93
2.06
1.11
3.57
2.73

1.3
0.9
..
1.5
2.7
2.2

0.4
-0.3
-0.6
-1.0
-0.9
-0.1

8.3
0.4
6.7
1.3
0.9
1.8

..
-9.6

6.9
3.3

4.67
5.79

2.4
..

-1.1
-2.8

1.2
1.9

-0.7

0.1

0.71

2.9

0.0

3.2

or countries.

ck in the State of Palestine.

the sum of all bilateral distance between the capitals of one country and all others, weighted by the partner country's share in

integration. It indicates the dependence of domestic producers on foreign demand (exports) and of domestic consumers and p
arnings, other long-term capital and short-term capital, expressed as a percentage of GDP.
ressed as a percentage of GDP.
n concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies to promote economic development and w
nal migrants or refugees to recipients in their country of origin or countries in which the migrant formerly resided.
nal Monetary Fund (IMF) members held by the IMF and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities
d out-migrants from a country to the average population, expressed per 1,000 people.
as a percentage of the country's population. The definition of immigrant varies across countries but generally includes the stoc
s, tourists, same-day visitors, excursionists) at national borders .

(fixed and mobile) originating outside a given country with a destination inside the country, expressed in minutes of traffic per
(fixed and mobile) originating inside a given country with a destination outside the country, expressed in minutes of traffic per p

and data on geo-distance from CEPII (2013).

g telephone traffic from ITU (2013).

Communication
International telephone traffic
(minutes per person)

man mobility
International
inbound
tourists

Internet
users

(thousands)

(% of
population)

2011

f
g

4,963
5,875
8,534
11,300
62,711
28,374
2,572
16,014
10,390
7,363
7,630
5,006
566
29,306
22,316
9,795
6,219
53
2,820
81,411
23,012
7,494
871
4,192
2,037
46,119
56,694
8,775
16,427
242
2,527

2012

95.0
82.3
85.2
93.0
81.0
84.0
89.5
86.8
74.2
93.0
79.0
94.0
96.0
87.0
72.8
84.1
79.1
89.4
73.4
83.0
81.0
82.0
92.0
91.0
70.0
58.0
72.0
75.0
56.0
60.3
88.1

Incoming

2006-2011

..
..
..
..
81.2
..
..
..
483.4
176.7
..
..
209.5
..
492.3
22.4
14.1
..
..
172.9
..
..
809.9
..
85.6
..
..
125.5
88.1
..
427.4

Outgoing

2006-2011

251.0
..
422.2
99.9
199.8
180.5
174.0
..
1,582.4
205.0
430.5
173.7
131.3
143.2
1,700.7
51.2
27.3
..
..
190.7
211.3
257.5
821.8
..
101.4
162.2
118.1
46.5
168.1
..
..

j
k

2,392
2,665
17,498
1,775
13,350
1,948
1,460
1,412
..
3,070
7,264
10,250
6,732
2,688
269
9,927
1,493
5,705

61.0
79.0
54.0
68.0
65.0
86.4
80.0
70.0
85.0
61.4
64.0
72.0
88.0
25.6
79.2
63.0
74.0
55.8

248.8
127.0
106.6
81.4
..
641.0
100.2
..
313.3
22.7
..
115.9
285.7
32.2
..
98.7
..
..

460.5
85.0
632.4
37.3
34.6
711.5
73.3
141.5
654.5
11.5
115.6
50.2
1,585.8
2.9
..
53.1
..
18.4

2,857
1,346
1,201
116
7,611
34
1,048
24,932
6,328
568
109
241
24,714
965
386
1,655
1,473
595
2,192
34,038
3,393
23,403
194

55.1
71.7
56.8
46.9
50.0
19.9
60.0
53.3
55.1
73.3
..
83.8
65.8
41.4
59.5
61.2
45.2
44.0
47.5
45.1
53.3
38.4
47.1

76.2
..
..
88.2
115.5
..
247.9
..
107.3
..
157.6
367.6
..
150.0
192.2
314.6
54.7
34.2
85.5
58.3
45.1
..
63.2

47.9
..
..
64.7
40.3
..
215.8
59.3
51.1
..
180.0
180.0
..
102.4
205.9
86.3
102.5
21.8
43.0
16.1
41.5
..
93.4

92
856
3,354
1,562
3,975
764
5,433
2,822
118
2,598
21,415
250
327
392
758
675
19,230
4,785
57,581
74
2,395
76
2,932
1,952
312
2,385
1,141
220
46
4,306

79.3
18.3
26.0
54.2
41.0
48.1
49.8
45.5
42.1
38.2
33.7
25.0
63.1
65.4
39.2
33.7
26.5
41.4
42.3
47.5
15.2
55.2
54.7
46.5
48.6
49.0
35.1
34.7
34.9
45.0

821.4
28.5
..
78.7
108.0
99.4
1.0
62.4
487.2
92.1
..
130.0
230.2
200.1
176.2
..
14.3
57.2
9.1
439.1
57.9
134.1
252.0
259.7
284.5
..
60.6
..
..
123.9

630.3
..
..
19.9
143.4
40.5
2.1
34.9
315.3
19.7
..
147.6
22.2
43.8
253.3
..
11.1
15.9
2.8
146.4
25.5
164.3
24.0
882.7
200.8
..
11.6
..
..
21.0

931
457
8
121
449
7,650
2,145
9,497
524
..
807

38.9
16.4
7.2
12.9
..
15.4
11.5
44.1
27.1
8.6
34.2

..
38.6
..
..
..
..
..
69.8
76.5
11.0
83.7

327.6
19.1
..
..
..
..
31.3
6.9
14.3
17.7
6.8

11
1,184
975
3,917
8,339
8,546
1,518
157
6,014
428
26
1,823
3,114
984
51
871
9,342
94
1,060
5
183
6,309
66
2,882
931
1,786
101
815
303
8
..

43.4
25.5
36.5
36.2
41.0
24.3
7.1
34.3
39.5
34.7
26.0
16.0
21.7
12.9
0.9
18.1
55.0
10.6
13.5
10.7
14.5
12.6
25.4
4.9
17.1
10.7
6.1
13.5
6.3
21.6
13.9

224.1
258.4
..
..
..
81.1
..
110.2
..
172.6
..
138.6
47.0
41.1
7.0
91.1
123.3
..
..
..
..
20.4
..
..
50.8
..
31.9
8.7
141.6
46.2
..

62.7
234.8
..
..
..
22.2
..
46.1
..
34.1
..
48.7
83.0
28.9
11.7
186.1
23.9
..
..
..
..
7.6
..
..
27.3
..
73.3
4.9
2.9
21.8
..

736
907
1,470
879
481
391
619
573
715
1,025

11.1
10.0
32.1
20.8
16.9
1.1
8.0
5.7
32.9
17.4

14.0
44.2
14.6
339.8
..
2.7
3.2
22.1
18.6
80.9

..
20.6
15.3
22.7
..
0.2
9.0
5.2
7.9
4.8

225
2,423
165
23
11
795
..
397
1,001
1,151
209
536
300
349
..
53
270
106
523
767
..
160
30
1,718
30
142
238
107
52
71
54
186
82

2.1
17.1
2.3
7.0
6.0
13.1
5.4
4.6
19.2
14.7
3.8
21.0
4.0
10.9
5.5
8.3
2.4
12.4
1.5
4.4
3.8
2.2
2.9
4.8
1.5
1.2
3.7
0.8
1.3
2.1
3.0
1.7
1.4

4.0
32.6
..
..
..
3.7
38.4
8.4
77.0
..
32.6
34.7
33.4
..
5.4
43.6
29.3
..
8.0
6.7
29.4
45.4
..
5.8
..
..
..
47.5
..
..
..
4.1
..

..
5
295
..
156
..
..
1

..
10.0
87.0
..
50.9
1.4
..
35.0

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

2.1
14.5
..
..
..
3.1
15.2
5.6
26.3
6.0
27.8
12.6
9.8
..
2.6
222.0
29.2
..
0.4
0.9
36.8
19.5
..
13.9
..
..
..
1.7
..
..
7.3
5.6
..

581,506
282,225
84,432
19,970

77.1
42.5
17.6
12.3

..
21.2
..
..

174.8
13.1
..
10.3

71,884
125,944
74,011
70,256
13,462
30,695

34.2
36.7
41.1
43.4
12.3
15.2

92.0
..
79.3
39.9
34.1
..

106.3
..
34.1
25.4
..
9.7

18,701
16,456

6.8
25.1

..
..

..
..

968,591

35.5

..

42.4

ner country's share in world GDP.

estic consumers and producers on foreign supply (imports), relative to the countrys

ic development and welfare in countries and territories on the DAC (OECD) list of aid

of monetary authorities, excluding gold holdings, expressed as a percentage of GDP.

erally includes the stock of foreign-born people or the stock of foreign people

minutes of traffic per person.

minutes of traffic per person.

Table 14: Environment

Primary energy supply

Fossil
fuels

HDI rank

Country

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
17
18
19
20
21
21
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

Electrification
rate

(% of total)

2012
Very high human development
Norway
Australia
Switzerland
Netherlands
United States
Germany
New Zealand
Canada
Singapore
Denmark
Ireland
Sweden
Iceland
United Kingdom
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
Korea (Republic of)
Japan
Liechtenstein
Israel
France
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Finland
Slovenia
Italy
Spain
Czech Republic
Greece
Brunei Darussalam
Qatar
Cyprus

Renewable
sources

57.3
95.4
51.1
91.4
83.6
80.2
61.4
73.7
97.2
70.6
84.7
31.7
15.3
85.1
94.8
82.8
94.8
..
96.7
49.1
67.1
70.1
87.4
43.0
66.6
83.7
75.9
76.9
90.6
100.0
100.0
94.9

2012
47.8
4.6
49.7
6.7
16.3
20.4
38.4
27.9
2.8
26.8
6.4
70.5
84.7
14.4
0.4
17.2
5.2
..
4.8
52.4
32.2
28.3
4.0
47.5
34.5
13.9
24.9
26.5
8.8
0.0
0.0
5.1

(% of population)
a

2010
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.7
98.7
..

33
34
35
35
37
37
39
40
41
41
43
44
44
46
47
48
49
50
51
51
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
65
67
68
69
70
71
71
73
73
75
76
77
77
79
79

Estonia
Saudi Arabia
Lithuania
Poland
Andorra
Slovakia
Malta
United Arab Emirates
Chile
Portugal
Hungary
Bahrain
Cuba
Kuwait
Croatia
Latvia
Argentina
High human development
Uruguay
Bahamas
Montenegro
Belarus
Romania
Libya
Oman
Russian Federation
Bulgaria
Barbados
Palau
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Mauritius
Trinidad and Tobago
Lebanon
Panama
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Costa Rica
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Mexico
Seychelles
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Sri Lanka
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Azerbaijan
Jordan
Serbia
Brazil
Georgia

88.1
100.0
74.0
90.7
..
67.5
94.5
101.0
75.6
74.9
71.1
99.9
86.7
100.0
81.6
63.7
89.7

14.6
0.0
14.5
9.6
..
32.3
5.5
0.1
24.2
22.0
26.0
0.0
13.3
0.0
10.6
33.8
9.3

..
99.0
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
99.4
..
..
99.4
97.0
100.0
..
..
97.2

57.0
..
60.2
90.4
77.7
98.7
100.0
91.0
75.0
..
..
..
94.5
..
99.9
95.5
79.7
88.9
48.3
89.5
98.9
90.1
..
..
48.7
99.5
97.9
96.0
89.1
54.6
72.8

42.1
..
28.4
5.9
22.8
1.3
0.0
9.2
29.4
..
..
..
5.5
..
0.1
3.3
20.2
11.2
51.8
10.3
1.0
9.9
..
..
51.3
0.7
2.6
2.0
11.1
44.2
28.3

98.8
..
..
..
..
99.8
98.0
..
..
..
..
..
99.4
99.4
99.0
99.9
88.1
99.5
99.2
..
..
..
..
..
76.6
98.4
..
99.4
..
98.7
..

79
82
83
84
84
86
87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128

Grenada
..
Peru
76.0
Ukraine
79.6
Belize
..
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
82.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina
93.9
Armenia
71.5
Fiji
..
Thailand
80.4
Tunisia
85.3
China
88.3
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
Algeria
99.9
Dominica
..
Albania
60.5
Jamaica
82.1
Saint Lucia
..
Colombia
75.6
Ecuador
86.3
Suriname
..
Tonga
..
Dominican Republic
89.3
Medium human development
Maldives
..
Mongolia
95.4
Turkmenistan
100.9
Samoa
..
Palestine, State of
..
Indonesia
66.4
Botswana
65.4
Egypt
96.5
Paraguay
33.8
Gabon
38.9
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
72.7
Moldova (Republic of)
94.9
El Salvador
47.9
Uzbekistan
98.2
Philippines
59.7
South Africa
87.2
Syrian Arab Republic
98.7
Iraq
97.5
Guyana
..
Viet Nam
71.0
Cape Verde
..
Micronesia (Federated States of)
..
Guatemala
33.5
Kyrgyzstan
68.4
Namibia
66.0
Timor-Leste
..

..
24.0
20.7
..
10.4
7.9
32.7
..
18.9
14.8
11.7
..
0.1
..
26.6
17.9
..
24.8
12.9
..
..
10.7

..
85.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
87.7
99.5
99.7
..
99.3
..
..
92.0
..
97.4
92.2
..
..
96.9

..
4.1
0.0
..
..
33.6
22.3
3.7
147.8
61.1
27.3
3.4
51.9
1.8
40.3
12.9
1.4
1.0
..
28.2
..
..
66.2
39.4
21.0
..

..
86.2
..
..
..
73.0
45.4
99.6
97.4
60.0
80.2
..
91.6
..
83.3
75.8
92.7
98.0
..
97.6
..
..
80.0
..
43.7
38.0

129
129
131
132
133
133
135
136
136
138
139
140
141
142
142
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
152
154
155
156
157
157
159
159
161
162
163
164
165
166
166
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176

Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua
Kiribati
Tajikistan
India
Bhutan
Cambodia
Ghana
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Congo
Zambia
Bangladesh
Sao Tome and Principe
Equatorial Guinea
Low human development
Nepal
Pakistan
Kenya
Swaziland
Angola
Myanmar
Rwanda
Cameroon
Nigeria
Yemen
Madagascar
Zimbabwe
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Comoros
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Mauritania
Lesotho
Senegal
Uganda
Benin
Sudan
Togo
Haiti
Afghanistan
Djibouti
Cte d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ethiopia
Malawi
Liberia
Mali

51.6
93.6
..
49.8
..
42.9
72.3
..
26.2
37.4
..
48.9
8.8
71.5
..
..

48.8
4.1
..
50.3
..
57.5
27.6
..
71.1
63.1
..
51.0
91.8
28.5
..
..

79.9
98.9
..
72.1
..
..
75.0
..
31.1
60.5
63.0
37.1
18.5
46.5
..
..

12.5
60.9
19.7
..
39.3
21.3
..
26.8
17.4
98.5
..
28.3
..
..
..
10.7
..
..
53.2
..
41.7
29.5
15.2
22.0
..
..
21.5
..
5.7
..
..
..

86.9
39.1
80.3
..
60.7
78.7
..
73.2
82.6
1.5
..
70.3
..
..
..
89.3
..
..
46.4
..
56.2
70.5
82.4
78.0
..
..
79.0
..
94.3
..
..
..

76.3
67.4
18.1
..
40.2
48.8
..
48.7
50.3
39.6
17.4
36.9
..
..
..
14.8
..
17.0
53.5
8.5
27.9
35.9
27.9
20.0
30.0
..
58.9
..
23.0
8.7
..
..

177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187

Guinea-Bissau
..
Mozambique
9.5
Guinea
..
Burundi
..
Burkina Faso
..
Eritrea
21.7
Sierra Leone
..
Chad
..
Central African Republic
..
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
4.2
Niger
..
Other countries or territories
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of) 88.4
Marshall Islands
..
Monaco
..
Nauru
..
San Marino
..
Somalia
..
South Sudan
..
Tuvalu
..

..
93.3
..
..
..
78.3
..
..
..
95.8
..

..
15.0
..
..
14.6
32.0
..
..
..
15.2
..

11.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

26.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Index groups

Very high human development
82.0
High human development
87.2
Medium human development
74.9
Low human development
..

17.9
12.8
25.3
..

..
..
..
..

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

96.8
..
89.4
74.2
76.3
..

3.2
..
10.5
25.8
23.7
..

87.8
..
..
..
72.0
..

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

..
..

..
..

..
..

81.4

18.6

..

World

Notes
a. Data refer to 2012 or the most recent year available.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.

DEFINITIONS
Fossil fuels: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from natural resources formed from biomass
Renewable energy sources: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from constantly replenished
Electricfication rate: Proportion of people with access to electricity, expressed as a percentage of the to

Carbon dioxide emmissions per capita: Human-originated carbon dioxide emissions stemming from th
Natural resource depletion: Monetary expression of energy, mineral and forest depletion, expressed as
Forest area: Land spanning more than 0.5 hectare with trees taller than 5 metres and a canopy cover of
Fresh water withdrawals: Total fresh water withdrawn, expressed as a percentage of total renewable w
Deaths due to outdoor air pollution: Deaths of children under age 5 due to respiratory infections and d
Deaths due to indoor air pollution: Deaths of children of age under 5 due to acute respiratory infection
Deaths due to unsafe water, unimproved sanitation or poor hygeine: Deaths of children under age 5
Population living on degraded land: Percentage of the population living on severely or very severely d
Number of deaths due to natural disaster: Number of people confirmed as dead and missing and pres
Population affected by natural disasters: People requiring immediate assistance during a period of em

Main data sources

Columns 1 and 2: HDRO calculations based on data on total primary energy supply from World Bank (2
Columns 3-5 and 7: World Bank (2013a).
Column 6: HDRO calculations based on World Bank (2013a).
Column 8: HDRO calculations based on data on forest and total land area from World Bank (2013a)
Column 9: FAO (2013b).
Columns 10-12: WHO (2013a).
Column 13: FAO (2013a).
Columns 14 and 15: CRED EM-DAT (2013) and UNDESA (2013a).

Carbon dioxide

Average
annual
growth

Natural Resources
Forest area

(% of
total
land
area)

Natural
resource
depletion

(tonnes)

(%)

(% of GNI)

2010

1970/2010

2010-2012

11.7
16.9
5.0
11.0
17.6
9.1
7.2
14.6
2.7
8.3
8.9
5.6
6.2
7.9
5.2
11.5
9.2
..
9.3
5.6
8.0
10.0
21.4
11.5
7.5
6.7
5.9
10.6
7.7
22.9
40.3
7.0

4.5
5.5
2.3
4.3
5.6
..
3.3
5.1
0.7
3.6
3.8
2.6
2.9
3.5
2.4
4.5
3.9
..
3.9
2.6
3.5
4.1
6.1
4.5
..
3.1
2.7
..
3.4
6.3
7.8
3.2

10.5
6.9
0.0
0.8
1.2
0.2
1.1
3.0
0.0
1.9
0.1
0.4
0.0
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.4
29.9
..
0.0

(%
change)

Deaths of children und

Outdoor
air
pollution

Fresh water
withdrawals
(% of total
renewable water
resources)

2011

1990/2011

2007-2011

33.3
19.3
31.1
10.8
33.3
31.8
31.4
34.1
3.3
12.9
10.9
68.7
0.3
11.9
..
64.0
68.6
43.1
7.1
29.2
47.2
22.4
33.5
72.9
62.3
31.4
36.8
34.4
30.5
71.8
..
18.8

11.1
-4.0
8.1
5.9
2.9
3.3
7.0
0.0
-4.3
22.6
60.8
3.4
254.0
10.6
..
-0.8
0.2
6.2
16.5
10.1
3.1
..
..
1.5
5.6
21.6
33.0
1.2
19.2
-8.4
..
7.5

0.8
4.6
4.9
11.7
15.6
21.0
1.5
1.5
31.7
10.8
1.5
1.5
0.1
8.8
..
36.5
20.9
..
79.7
15.0
4.7
34.0
1.9
1.5
3.0
23.7
29.0
12.9
12.7
1.1
381.0
19.3

(per 100,000 children

b

2008
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
..
0
0
..
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

13.7
17.0
4.1
8.3
6.6
6.6
6.2
19.9
4.2
4.9
5.1
19.3
3.4
31.3
4.7
3.4
4.5

..
5.5
..
3.6
..
..
2.9
5.9
1.9
2.3
2.3
5.8
1.3
7.1
..
..
2.0

1.7
36.0
0.8
1.6
..
0.4
..
..
12.4
0.1
0.5
18.1
3.3
29.3
1.0
0.5
4.9

52.1
0.5
34.6
30.8
34.0
40.2
0.9
3.8
21.9
37.8
22.5
0.7
27.3
0.4
34.4
54.1
10.7

5.7
0.0
11.5
5.5
0.0
0.6
0.0
29.9
6.6
4.0
12.3
145.1
42.4
82.6
3.9
6.0
-16.2

14.0
936.2
9.6
19.4
..
1.4
71.3
1,867.0
2.9
12.3
5.4
205.8
11.6
2,075.0
0.6
1.2
4.0

0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

2.0
6.8
4.2
6.6
3.7
9.8
20.4
12.2
5.9
5.4
10.6
5.9
7.7
3.2
38.2
4.7
2.6
6.9
1.7
4.1
15.2
3.8
7.8
4.8
0.6
7.7
5.1
3.4
6.3
2.2
1.4

0.0
3.1
..
..
1.5
4.0
6.0
..
2.8
2.5
4.2
2.7
3.4
1.2
7.7
2.2
0.7
3.2
-0.5
1.8
..
1.6
3.5
2.2
-2.9
3.4
..
1.4
..
0.2
..

0.5
0.0
..
1.4
1.8
29.0
31.1
14.3
2.4
..
..
..
6.2
0.0
30.9
0.0
0.5
20.8
0.1
0.5
28.0
7.0
0.0
..
0.3
19.6
33.9
1.7
..
3.6
0.5

10.2
51.4
40.4
42.7
28.7
0.1
0.0
49.4
36.7
19.4
87.6
22.3
62.0
17.3
44.0
13.4
43.6
52.1
51.5
14.9
1.2
33.3
88.5
42.3
29.4
6.8
11.3
1.1
31.6
61.2
39.4

94.4
0.0
0.0
11.4
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
22.0
0.0
..
-4.9
-9.0
-9.7
-6.2
4.6
-14.6
-11.6
2.5
18.3
-3.5
-8.0
0.0
0.0
-21.5
0.0
0.7
-0.6
19.3
-10.0
-1.4

2.6
..
..
7.5
3.2
615.4
86.6
1.5
28.7
108.0
..
16.2
1.9
26.4
6.0
18.6
0.6
0.7
5.1
18.5
18.6
16.9
..
..
24.5
67.9
35.2
99.4
2.5
0.7
2.9

0
0
..
0
1
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
5
1
0
0
0
6
2
3
..
0
2

2.5
2.0
6.6
1.4
5.2
8.1
1.4
1.5
4.4
2.5
6.2
1.9
3.3
1.9
1.4
2.6
2.3
1.6
2.2
4.5
1.5
2.1

0.5
0.0
..
-0.9
..
..
..
-0.7
2.0
0.5
2.9
-0.1
1.3
-0.1
-1.0
0.7
0.3
-0.5
0.2
2.1
-0.7
0.1

..
9.9
3.9
0.0
4.0
..
1.7
0.5
3.5
5.2
6.1
0.0
18.4
0.0
3.7
1.1
..
10.4
16.4
8.5
0.0
0.4

50.0
53.0
16.8
60.6
39.8
42.8
9.1
55.7
37.2
6.6
22.5
68.7
0.6
59.2
28.3
31.1
77.0
54.4
38.9
94.6
12.5
40.8

0.0
-3.3
4.9
-12.8
10.8
-1.1
-25.7
6.8
-2.9
59.0
33.4
5.8
-11.0
-11.2
-1.8
-2.3
7.3
-3.4
-22.0
-0.1
0.0
0.0

..
1.0
13.8
1.2
16.1
0.9
36.8
0.3
13.1
61.7
19.5
..
48.9
..
3.1
9.9
..
0.6
2.3
0.5
..
26.1

0
2
0
0
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
2

3.3
4.2
10.5
0.9
0.6
1.8
2.7
2.6
0.8
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.0
3.7
0.9
9.2
2.9
3.7
2.2
1.7
0.7
1.0
0.8
1.2
1.5
0.2

..
1.9
..
-2.1
..
-0.3
..
0.7
-2.3
-0.5
-0.7
..
-1.7
..
-2.1
3.9
0.9
1.6
0.2
-0.4
-2.5
..
-2.3
..
..
..

0.0
32.2
..
0.3
..
7.2
3.1
9.1
0.0
34.7
14.7
0.1
0.5
17.5
2.7
6.7
13.3
50.6
10.5
9.6
0.1
..
2.1
9.7
1.0
..

3.0
7.0
8.8
60.4
1.5
51.7
19.8
0.1
43.8
85.4
52.5
11.9
13.6
7.7
25.9
7.6
2.7
1.9
77.2
45.0
21.0
58.4
33.6
5.1
8.8
49.1

0.0
-13.7
0.0
31.5
1.0
-20.9
-18.1
60.5
-17.7
0.0
-9.4
22.5
-25.0
7.4
17.5
0.0
33.7
3.3
0.0
56.3
46.7
-0.4
-24.2
16.1
-17.6
-24.3

15.7
1.6
112.5
..
49.9
5.6
1.6
96.6
0.1
0.1
0.4
9.1
7.3
100.6
17.0
24.3
86.4
73.4
0.7
9.3
6.8
..
3.1
32.6
1.6
14.3

1
19
2
0
..
2
4
2
1
9
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
12
0
1
0
0
2
1
1
0

1.1
1.6
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.4
1.7
0.7
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
6.7

-1.6
-0.6
-3.4
-2.3
-2.8
..
-0.5
-2.7
-4.7
-4.1
-4.7
-3.4
-5.8
..
-3.2
3.1

0.6
2.6
0.0
1.2
..
1.1
4.9
3.4
0.1
10.5
10.5
67.8
17.5
2.3
0.7
40.4

45.3
11.5
36.1
25.3
15.0
2.9
23.1
84.9
56.5
21.2
67.9
65.6
66.3
11.1
28.1
57.5

-37.7
1.8
0.0
-32.6
0.0
0.5
7.3
31.5
-23.0
-35.2
-9.5
-1.4
-6.6
-3.7
0.0
-13.2

2.2
43.5
..
0.7
..
51.1
33.9
0.4
0.5
1.8
1.0
0.0
1.5
2.9
0.3
0.1

1
6
0
1
0
1
5
0
3
3
1
19
12
2
9
10

0.1
0.9
0.3
0.9
1.6
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0

-6.4
-1.9
-4.6
-2.1
-0.6
-5.9
-8.6
-4.3
-3.4
-1.8
-7.3
-2.5
-3.6
-4.0
-5.5
-6.2
-2.9
..
-3.2
-7.0
-3.2
-4.5
-5.1
-5.4
-4.7
-2.8
-4.6
-4.8
-7.9
-7.7
-5.6
-9.1

2.2
2.6
1.2
0.0
35.0
..
2.9
5.3
24.4
15.6
2.7
3.4
23.1
15.1
1.1
4.4
39.2
1.0
1.6
5.0
0.3
9.8
3.7
0.6
2.1
0.3
4.4
0.7
5.2
1.7
4.7
9.8

25.4
2.1
6.1
33.0
46.8
48.2
18.0
41.7
9.5
1.0
21.5
39.5
63.1
78.9
1.4
37.3
0.2
1.5
43.8
14.5
40.0
23.2
4.9
3.6
2.1
0.2
32.7
47.6
12.2
34.0
44.6
10.2

-24.7
-34.9
-6.8
20.2
-4.3
-19.7
39.9
-19.0
-49.9
0.0
-8.7
-31.0
-9.3
-5.0
-78.3
-20.4
-42.9
10.5
-9.8
-39.0
-21.7
-27.9
-61.0
-13.6
0.0
0.0
1.8
9.0
-20.0
-17.8
-12.8
-11.8

4.5
74.4
8.9
23.1
0.5
2.8
1.6
0.3
4.6
168.6
4.9
21.0
0.0
..
0.8
5.4
11.8
1.4
5.7
0.5
0.5
42.8
1.2
8.6
31.0
6.3
1.9
1.1
4.6
7.9
0.1
6.5

1
22
4
2
11
3
2
14
14
5
2
5
1
0
2
4
16
2
14
2
8
11
5
5
21
31
9
7
2
3
6
9

0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1

-6.3
-6.8
-6.9
-9.7
-7.0
..
-6.8
-9.3
-8.4
-8.9
-7.5

0.5
2.8
14.2
9.6
7.8
0.0
1.8
25.4
0.1
18.0
1.8

71.6
49.4
26.5
6.6
20.4
15.1
37.8
9.1
36.2
67.9
0.9

-9.2
-10.5
-10.4
-41.1
-18.4
-5.8
-13.2
-12.7
-2.7
-4.1
-38.7

0.6
0.4
0.2
2.3
5.7
9.2
0.1
2.0
0.1
0.1
2.9

12
11
11
4
9
3
11
14
10
16
6

2.9
2.0
..
..
..
0.1
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
-8.3
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

46.0
70.2
..
..
..
10.6
..
33.3

-32.5
..
..
..
..
-19.5
..
0.0

11.2
..
..
..
..
22.4
..
..

3
..
0
0
0
19
..
0

11.2
5.8
1.8
0.4

..
..
..
..

2.4
7.8
7.7
12.1

27.6
36.6
27.6
26.3

1.7
-1.0
-8.7
-13.9

8.5
4.6
13.9
6.5

0
2
4
10

4.6
4.9
5.4
2.9
1.7
0.9

..
..
..
..
..
..

24.7
..
7.2
6.9
6.1
14.8

5.9
29.7
9.1
46.7
14.6
28.3

-22.5
2.6
7.7
-9.2
3.3
-10.8

71.1
..
34.8
1.5
26.8
1.6

6
2
2
1
7
8

0.3
2.7

..
..

8.7
4.9

28.9
63.0

-12.0
-3.6

3.1
..

7
2

4.6

..

5.3

31.0

-3.5

7.6

sources formed from biomass in the geological past (such as coal, oil and natural gas).
s from constantly replenished natural processes, including solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydropower and
sed as a percentage of the total population. It includes electricity sold commercially (both on grid and off grid) and self-generat

e emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels, gas flaring and the production of cement, divided by
orest depletion, expressed as a percentage of total gross national income (GNI).
metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. Exludes land
rcentage of total renewable water resources.
to respiratory infections and diseases, lung cancer and selected cardiovascular diseases attributable to outdoor air pollution.
to acute respiratory infections attributable to indoor smoke from solid fuels.
Deaths of children under age 5 due to diarrhoea attributable to poor water, sanitation or hygiene.
on severely or very severely degraded land. Land degradation estimates consider biomass, soil health, water quantity and biod
as dead and missing and presumed dead as a result of a natural disaster, expressed per million people. Natural
sistance during a period of emergency as a result of a natural disaster, including displaced, evacuated, homeless and injured p

gy supply from World Bank (2013a).

from World Bank (2013a)

Effects of environmental threats

eaths of children under age 5 due to

Indoor air
pollution

Unsafe water,
unimproved
sanitation or
poor hygiene

Impact of natural

Population
living on
degraded
land

Number
of deaths

Population
affected

(%)

(per year
per million
people)

(per million
people)

2004

2004

2010

2005/2012

2005/2012

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
..
0
0
..
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
..
0
0
1
..
0
0
..
..
..
0
..
..
..
0
0
2
0
..
..
0
1
..
..
6
13

0.2
9.0
0.5
5.4
1.1
8.1
5.3
2.7
..
8.5
0.5
0.3
..
2.7
..
2.9
0.3
..
12.9
3.9
2.7
10.5
..
0.0
8.4
2.2
1.4
4.2
1.1
..
0.1
11.4

0
3
0
7
2
0
5
0
..
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
18
..
1
3
0
10
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
..
..
0

41
1,503
92
0
5,691
3
20,003
407
..
0
45
0
0
1,049
558
289
795
..
2,675
881
28
13
0
75
2,133
184
64
241
218
..
..
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0

0
..
..
..
0
0
..
10
1
..
0
..
1
..
0
0
3

5.0
4.3
4.8
13.2
..
9.1
..
1.9
1.1
2.3
17.1
..
17.0
0.6
17.5
1.8
1.7

0
1
1
3
..
3
..
..
4
1
7
..
0
..
1
3
0

37
63
0
310
..
38
..
..
25,719
21
522
..
61,215
..
130
0
1,837

0
0
..
0
6
2
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
16
1
2
11
3
8
0
0
8
3
132
0
..
18
70

3
2
..
1
..
..
..
5
2
0
40
0
33
7
5
40
55
30
4
85
249
23
..
28
42
..
269
59
..
123
169

5.7
..
8.0
4.7
13.5
8.5
5.8
3.1
7.8
..
..
..
1.2
..
..
1.2
4.1
1.9
1.3
5.5
23.5
3.8
..
..
21.1
25.1
3.8
22.0
18.5
7.9
1.9

1
1
0
0
3
..
3
44
2
0
..
0
1
1
0
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
..
5
2
0
0
0
1
0

10,565
12,130
4,999
349
778
..
2,528
176
1,145
4,482
..
178,447
2,054
689
0
4
2,749
785
13,250
242
1,213
10,808
38,151
..
33,200
954
3,632
..
3,731
4,236
5,359

12
21
0
21
1
1
17
18
21
3
10
2
5
1
5
15
3
6
2
0
16
12

5
69
3
27
..
2
65
11
59
64
55
..
101
0
50
47
2
33
63
43
55
73

..
0.7
6.2
1.1
7.1
6.1
9.6
..
17.0
36.7
8.6
..
28.8
..
5.7
3.3
..
2.0
1.6
..
..
7.0

1
8
3
4
0
0
0
6
3
0
8
0
1
3
0
2
7
4
1
1
9
6

7,910
14,947
1,344
56,475
96,337
3,222
..
13,877
70,880
312
68,601
21,068
433
54,721
41,348
16,769
8,562
19,920
8,368
30,325
2,448
5,827

41
78
2
26
..
41
210
2
21
33
93
13
24
192
37
23
12
12
38
27
26
30
57
115
11
0

167
195
449
63
..
130
341
86
56
102
245
15
82
325
96
104
54
383
132
65
93
83
126
245
21
149

..
31.5
11.1
..
..
3.1
22.0
25.3
1.3
..
2.0
21.8
6.3
27.0
2.2
17.5
33.3
4.5
..
8.0
..
..
9.1
9.7
28.5
..

1
3
..
96
0
6
26
0
2
0
3
1
9
0
12
1
0
0
5
3
2
0
15
2
14
2

4,596
147,305
..
33,004
979
3,976
2,694
18
41,164
16,269
17,376
13,802
11,704
29
68,576
967
30,906
337
131,160
17,587
41,479
0
51,710
47,549
79,190
3,007

49
8
9
49
0
343
131
124
346
152
157
149
378
142
225
0

106
114
41
102
206
551
316
324
595
226
242
220
503
334
428
505

15.0
39.1
..
13.9
..
10.5
9.6
0.1
39.3
1.4
4.1
0.1
4.6
11.3
..
..

5
0
0
7
0
3
1
4
4
2
1
10
3
5
..
2

13,635
619
13,300
13,510
883
43,344
11,130
14,213
22,695
3,586
31,911
2,080
33,251
29,222
..
1,398

139
132
217
148
1,073
181
803
361
370
174
390
168
108
54
108
239
220
19
292
327
394
181
302
297
1,183
41
370
197
538
498
676
703

337
205
362
252
1,266
378
970
497
559
377
540
256
288
84
177
322
390
44
530
427
518
255
419
428
1,405
454
561
286
705
617
885
880

2.3
4.5
31.0
..
3.3
19.2
10.1
15.3
11.5
32.4
0.0
29.4
..
..
..
25.0
23.8
63.6
16.2
23.5
1.6
39.9
5.1
15.2
11.0
7.5
1.3
17.9
72.3
19.4
..
59.5

6
48
3
0
21
290
2
5
3
2
3
37
7
17
5
1
2
1
3
3
2
8
2
2,485
13
1
1
1
2
2
1
1

9,560
29,793
47,765
89,821
13,856
6,913
14,103
702
7,126
239
13,101
43,309
9,760
9,788
106,714
15,931
77,339
202,696
13,748
11,021
18,298
31,574
9,785
58,688
18,859
223,142
176
59,517
32,750
61,541
28,135
55,720

648
270
324
897
632
237
1,207
488
411
644
1,023

873
388
480
1,088
786
379
1,473
618
511
786
1,229

1.0
1.9
0.8
18.5
73.2
58.8
..
45.4
..
0.1
25.0

41
4
4
2
27
0
11
11
1
4
5

20,739
20,084
1,704
39,618
28,139
305,872
1,069
54,883
1,959
604
122,010

0
45
0
1
0
710
..
18

245
201
2
..
..
885
..
148

2.9
..
..
..
..
26.3
..
..

6
0
..
..
..
16
0
0

26,951
66,716
..
..
..
145,928
16,491
0

0
10
106
396

..
61
261
542

3.3
8.8
10.3
20.2

3
8
3
48

2,989
42,653
14,518
24,030

73
28
63
22
153
428

214
90
169
80
328
576

24.3
..
10.7
5.3
10.0
22.3

2
15
1
44
7
4

10,933
54,689
5,389
12,252
14,621
22,382

431
123

590
218

23.5
..

51
479

28,158
33,638

140

258

10.2

12

24,203

grid) and self-generated electricity but excludes unauthorized connections.

utdoor air pollution.

ater quantity and biodiversity.

omeless and injured people, expressed per million people.

15: Population trends

Population
Ages 65
and
older

Under
age 5

Total

(millions)
HDI rank

Country

2013

2030

2013

2013

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
17
18
19
20
21
21
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
35
37
37

Norway
Australia
Switzerland
Netherlands
United States
Germany
New Zealand
Canada
Singapore
Denmark
Ireland
Sweden
Iceland
United Kingdom
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
Korea (Republic of)
Japan
Liechtenstein
Israel
France
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Finland
Slovenia
Italy
Spain
Czech Republic
Greece
Brunei Darussalam
Qatar
Cyprus
Estonia
Saudi Arabia
Lithuania
Poland
Andorra
Slovakia

5.0
23.3
8.1
16.8
320.1
82.7
4.5
35.2
5.4
5.6
4.6
9.6
0.3
63.1
7.2
49.3
127.1
0.0
7.7
64.3
8.5
11.1
0.5
5.4
2.1
61.0
46.9
10.7
11.1
0.4
2.2
1.1
1.3
28.8
3.0
38.2
0.1
5.5

d
e

5.8
28.3
9.5
17.3
362.6
79.6
5.2
40.6
6.6
6.0
5.3
10.7
0.4
68.6
7.9
52.2
120.6
0.0
9.6
69.3
9.0
11.7
0.6
5.6
2.1
61.2
48.2
11.1
11.0
0.5
2.8
1.3
1.2
35.6
2.8
37.4
0.1
5.4

d
e

0.3
1.6
0.4
0.9
20.8
3.5
0.3
2.0
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.0
4.0
0.3
2.4
5.4
..
0.8
3.9
0.4
0.7
0.0
0.3
0.1
2.9
2.5
0.6
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.9
0.2
2.1
..
0.3

d
e

0.8
3.3
1.4
2.9
44.7
17.5
0.6
5.3
0.6
1.0
0.6
1.8
0.0
11.0
1.0
6.0
31.9
..
0.8
11.5
1.6
2.0
0.1
1.0
0.4
12.9
8.3
1.8
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.5
5.5
..
0.7

d
e

Population

Average annual growth rate

Urban

(%)

(% of
population)

2000/2005

0.6
1.3
0.7
0.6
0.9
0.1
1.4
1.0
2.7
0.3
1.8
0.4
1.1
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.2
1.0
1.9
0.7
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.3
0.1
0.6
1.5
0.0
0.1
2.1
6.5
1.8
-0.6
4.1
-1.2
-0.1
4.3
0.0

d
e

2010/2015

c,e

2013

1.0
1.3
1.0
0.3
0.8
-0.1
1.0
1.0
2.0
0.4
1.1
0.7
1.1
0.6
0.7
0.5
-0.1
0.7
1.3
0.5
0.4
0.4
1.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.0
1.4
5.9
1.1
-0.3
1.8
-0.5
0.0
0.8
0.1

79.9
89.5
73.8
84.0
82.9
74.2
86.3
80.9
100.0
87.2
62.8
85.5
93.9
79.9
100.0
83.8
92.5
14.3
92.0
86.9
68.1
97.5
85.9
83.9
49.8
68.7
77.7
73.4
61.9
76.7
99.1
70.9
69.6
82.7
67.3
60.7
86.2
54.6

Median
age

Dependency ratio

Young age
(ages 0-14)

(years)
c

d
e

2015

39.2
37.4
42.3
42.4
37.7
46.3
37.3
40.5
38.7
41.5
35.9
41.2
35.9
40.5
43.2
40.5
46.5
..
30.1
41.0
43.3
41.9
39.1
42.6
43.0
45.0
42.2
40.9
43.5
31.1
31.7
35.9
41.3
28.4
39.7
39.4
..
38.9

d
e

2015

28.6
29.1
21.9
25.8
29.4
19.7
30.8
24.4
20.8
27.0
32.9
27.6
31.2
27.4
16.0
19.5
21.2
..
45.8
28.6
21.6
26.7
25.4
26.1
21.4
21.8
23.4
23.0
22.6
34.6
15.9
23.5
24.7
41.2
22.4
21.7
..
21.4

d
e

Old age (ages 65

and older)

2000/2005
d
e

1.8
1.8
1.4
1.7
2.0
1.4
1.9
1.5
1.3
1.8
2.0
1.7
2.0
1.7
1.0
1.2
1.3
..
2.9
1.9
1.4
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.3
2.3
3.0
1.6
1.4
3.5
1.3
1.3
..
1.2

2010/2015
e
e

1.9
1.9
1.5
1.8
2.0
1.4
2.1
1.7
1.3
1.9
2.0
1.9
2.1
1.9
1.1
1.3
1.4
..
2.9
2.0
1.5
1.9
1.7
1.9
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.5
2.0
2.1
1.5
1.6
2.7
1.5
1.4
..
1.4

(male to female births)

(births per woman)

2015

25.2
22.7
27.1
27.8
22.2
32.7
22.5
23.7
15.2
29.1
19.2
31.8
20.3
28.1
20.5
17.9
43.6
..
17.8
29.6
27.9
29.0
21.2
32.3
26.4
33.8
27.6
26.3
31.1
6.9
1.1
18.1
28.2
4.4
22.8
22.0
..
19.1

Sex ratio at birth

Total fertility rate

Dependency ratio

d
e

2010/2015

1.06
1.06
1.05
1.06
1.05
1.06
1.06
1.06
1.07
1.06
1.07
1.06
1.05
1.05
1.07
1.07
1.06
..
1.05
1.05
1.06
1.05
1.05
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.06
1.06
1.07
1.06
1.05
1.07
1.06
1.03
1.05
1.06
..
1.05

d
e

39
Malta
0.4
40
United Arab Emirates
9.3
41
Chile
17.6
41
Portugal
10.6
43
Hungary
10.0
44
Bahrain
1.3
44
Cuba
11.3
46
Kuwait
3.4
47
Croatia
4.3
48
Latvia
2.1
49
Argentina
41.4
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
3.4
51
Bahamas
0.4
51
Montenegro
0.6
53
Belarus
9.4
54
Romania
21.7
55
Libya
6.2
56
Oman
3.6
57
Russian Federation
142.8
58
Bulgaria
7.2
59
Barbados
0.3
60
Palau
0.0
61
Antigua and Barbuda
0.1
62
Malaysia
29.7
63
Mauritius
1.2
64
Trinidad and Tobago
1.3
65
Lebanon
4.8
65
Panama
3.9
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
30.4
68
Costa Rica
4.9
69
Turkey
74.9
70
Kazakhstan
16.4
71
Mexico
122.3
71
Seychelles
0.1
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0.1
73
Sri Lanka
21.3
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
77.4
76
Azerbaijan
9.4
77
Jordan
7.3
77
Serbia
9.5
79
Brazil
200.4
79
Georgia
4.3
79
Grenada
0.1
82
Peru
30.4
83
Ukraine
45.2
84
Belize
0.3
84
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
2.1
86
Bosnia and Herzegovina
3.8

i
j

0.4
12.3
19.8
10.4
9.5
1.6
10.8
4.8
4.0
1.9
46.9

0.0
0.7
1.2
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
3.4

0.1
0.0
1.8
2.0
1.7
0.0
1.5
0.1
0.8
0.4
4.5

3.6
0.4
0.6
8.5
20.2
7.5
4.9
133.6
6.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
36.8
1.3
1.3
5.2
4.9
37.2
5.8
86.8
18.6
143.7
0.1
0.1
23.3
91.3
10.5
9.4
8.6
222.7
4.0
0.1
36.5
39.8
0.5
2.1
3.7

0.2
0.0
0.0
0.5
1.1
0.6
0.4
8.3
0.3
0.0
..
0.0
2.5
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
3.0
0.4
6.4
1.7
11.3
0.0
..
1.9
7.1
0.8
1.0
0.5
14.6
0.3
0.0
2.9
2.5
0.0
0.1
0.2

0.5
0.0
0.1
1.3
3.3
0.3
0.1
18.6
1.4
0.0
..
0.0
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.3
1.9
0.3
5.5
1.1
7.8
0.0
..
1.8
4.1
0.5
0.3
1.4
15.1
0.6
0.0
1.9
6.8
0.0
0.3
0.6

i
j

i
j

i
j

0.4
6.3
1.1
0.4
-0.3
5.5
0.3
3.7
-0.4
-1.3
0.9

0.3
2.5
0.9
0.0
-0.2
1.7
-0.1
3.6
-0.4
-0.6
0.9

95.2
84.9
89.6
62.1
70.4
88.8
75.1
98.3
58.4
67.7
92.8

41.4
31.4
33.7
43.0
41.0
30.2
41.3
29.7
43.1
41.7
31.6

20.8
19.4
29.9
21.8
21.9
28.3
22.1
33.6
22.0
23.5
36.7

0.0
2.0
0.2
-0.6
-0.2
1.6
2.8
-0.4
-0.8
0.5
0.8
1.2
2.0
0.5
0.5
4.2
1.9
1.8
1.9
1.4
0.7
1.3
1.8
1.5
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.9
-0.6
1.3
-1.2
0.3
1.3
-0.8
2.6
0.4
0.2

0.3
1.4
0.0
-0.5
-0.3
0.9
7.9
-0.2
-0.8
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.6
0.4
0.3
3.0
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.0
1.2
0.6
1.1
0.8
1.3
1.1
3.5
-0.5
0.8
-0.4
0.4
1.3
-0.6
2.4
0.1
-0.1

92.7
84.6
63.7
75.9
52.8
78.1
73.9
74.2
74.3
45.4
85.8
29.8
74.2
41.8
14.2
87.5
76.5
93.9
65.6
73.4
53.4
78.7
54.4
32.1
15.2
69.3
54.1
83.2
57.1
85.2
53.0
39.8
77.9
69.3
44.3
59.5
49.3

34.8
32.5
37.6
39.5
40.0
27.2
27.1
38.5
43.4
37.4
..
30.9
28.2
35.5
34.2
30.7
28.5
27.7
30.6
30.1
29.7
27.7
33.2
..
32.0
29.5
30.4
24.0
39.3
31.2
38.1
27.2
27.1
39.9
23.7
37.8
40.1

33.4
29.4
26.9
22.4
21.8
44.7
29.2
23.4
21.2
26.7
..
35.2
36.6
26.4
29.9
27.1
42.5
42.6
32.5
37.0
39.4
41.7
31.7
..
38.1
34.2
30.8
53.0
22.9
33.6
27.6
40.0
42.9
21.4
52.1
23.2
21.2

i
j

i
j

i
j

i
j

i
j

26.0
0.6
15.3
29.3
26.1
3.0
19.9
3.3
28.6
28.2
17.3

1.4
2.4
2.0
1.5
1.3
2.7
1.6
2.6
1.4
1.3
2.4

1.4
1.8
1.8
1.3
1.4
2.1
1.5
2.6
1.5
1.6
2.2

1.06
1.05
1.04
1.06
1.06
1.04
1.06
1.04
1.06
1.05
1.04

22.3
11.7
20.2
19.7
22.3
7.6
4.0
18.8
30.1
16.2
..
10.4
8.3
13.3
13.8
12.3
11.7
10.1
10.8
11.4
10.1
10.3
11.2
..
13.7
7.8
7.8
5.8
21.7
11.6
22.0
10.7
10.3
21.2
6.5
18.3
22.9

2.2
1.9
1.8
1.2
1.3
2.9
3.2
1.3
1.2
1.8
..
2.3
2.5
1.9
1.8
2.0
2.8
2.7
2.3
2.3
2.0
2.5
2.2
..
2.3
2.0
2.0
3.9
1.6
2.3
1.6
2.4
2.8
1.2
3.4
1.6
1.2

2.1
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.4
2.4
2.9
1.5
1.5
1.9
..
2.1
2.0
1.5
1.8
1.5
2.5
2.4
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.2
2.2
..
2.4
1.9
1.9
3.3
1.4
1.8
1.8
2.2
2.4
1.5
2.7
1.4
1.3

1.05
1.06
1.07
1.06
1.06
1.06
1.05
1.06
1.06
1.04
..
1.03
1.06
1.04
1.04
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.07
1.05
1.06
..
1.04
1.05
1.15
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.11
1.05
1.05
1.06
1.03
1.05
1.07

i
j

i
j

i
j

i
j

87
88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
132
133
133
135

Armenia
Fiji
Thailand
Tunisia
China
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Algeria
Dominica
Albania
Jamaica
Saint Lucia
Colombia
Ecuador
Suriname
Tonga
Dominican Republic
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia
Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua
Kiribati
Tajikistan
India

3.0
0.9
67.0
11.0
1,385.6
0.1
39.2
0.1
3.2
2.8
0.2
48.3
15.7
0.5
0.1
10.4

3.0
0.9
67.6
12.6
1,453.3
0.1
48.6
0.1
3.3
2.9
0.2
57.2
19.6
0.6
0.1
12.2

0.2
0.1
3.6
0.9
90.2
0.0
4.6
..
0.2
0.2
0.0
4.5
1.6
0.0
0.0
1.1

0.3
0.0
6.5
0.8
123.0
0.0
1.8
..
0.3
0.2
0.0
3.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.7

0.3
2.8
5.2
0.2
4.3
249.9
2.0
82.1
6.8
1.7
10.7
3.5
6.3
28.9
98.4
52.8
21.9
33.8
0.8
91.7
0.5
0.1
15.5
5.5
2.3
1.1
8.1
33.0
0.3
6.1
0.1
8.2
1,252.1

0.4
3.4
6.2
0.2
6.4
293.5
2.3
102.6
8.7
2.4
13.7
3.1
6.9
34.1
127.8
58.1
29.9
51.0
0.9
101.8
0.6
0.1
22.6
6.9
3.0
1.6
10.8
39.2
0.4
7.4
0.1
11.4
1,476.4

0.0
0.3
0.5
0.0
0.6
24.0
0.2
9.3
0.8
0.2
1.3
0.2
0.6
3.0
11.3
5.4
2.6
4.9
0.1
7.1
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.7
0.3
0.2
1.0
3.4
0.0
0.7
0.0
1.2
121.3

0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
13.1
0.1
4.7
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.5
1.2
3.8
2.9
0.9
1.1
0.0
6.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.4
1.6
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
66.0

-0.4
0.3
1.0
1.0
0.6
0.2
1.4
0.2
-0.7
0.8
1.1
1.6
1.9
1.4
0.6
1.5

0.2
0.7
0.3
1.1
0.6
0.0
1.8
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.3
1.6
0.9
0.4
1.2

64.2
53.0
34.8
66.7
53.2
50.1
74.7
67.4
55.6
52.2
16.1
75.8
68.6
70.5
23.6
70.8

33.4
27.5
38.0
31.2
36.0
29.8
27.5
..
33.5
28.2
31.2
28.3
26.7
29.1
21.3
26.4

29.2
43.9
24.2
33.4
25.1
36.0
42.4
..
28.1
39.5
34.1
40.7
45.8
39.6
64.3
46.4

1.7
1.0
1.1
0.6
2.1
1.4
1.3
1.6
2.0
2.4
1.9
-1.7
0.4
1.0
2.0
1.5
2.1
2.8
0.4
1.0
1.6
-0.2
2.5
0.4
1.3
3.1
2.0
1.0
2.5
1.3
1.8
1.9
1.6

1.9
1.5
1.3
0.8
2.5
1.2
0.9
1.6
1.7
2.4
1.6
-0.8
0.7
1.4
1.7
0.8
0.7
2.9
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.2
2.5
1.4
1.9
1.7
2.0
1.4
2.2
1.4
1.5
2.4
1.2

43.4
70.4
49.4
19.4
74.8
52.2
62.9
43.8
63.0
86.9
67.7
49.1
65.8
36.3
49.3
62.9
56.9
66.4
28.5
32.3
64.1
22.8
50.7
35.5
39.5
29.1
53.3
57.8
25.5
58.1
44.1
26.6
32.0

26.0
27.5
26.4
21.2
19.7
28.4
22.8
25.8
24.4
20.9
22.8
36.3
24.7
26.0
23.4
26.5
22.7
20.0
23.0
30.7
25.2
21.5
19.7
25.1
21.8
16.9
22.5
27.5
22.1
23.8
24.1
22.0
26.9

42.2
40.4
41.7
64.9
67.3
42.2
52.3
48.8
50.8
67.6
56.1
23.6
45.2
41.5
53.4
45.1
56.4
68.1
55.7
31.7
42.4
55.3
71.3
47.6
57.0
86.5
56.1
41.7
60.3
50.4
47.8
59.4
42.9

15.0
8.9
14.5
10.8
13.1
10.7
7.0
..
16.3
12.3
13.2
10.0
10.7
10.2
10.2
10.3

1.7
3.0
1.6
2.0
1.6
2.2
2.4
..
2.2
2.5
2.1
2.6
3.0
2.6
4.2
2.8

1.7
2.6
1.4
2.0
1.7
2.0
2.8
..
1.8
2.3
1.9
2.3
2.6
2.3
3.8
2.5

1.14
1.06
1.06
1.05
1.16
1.03
1.05
..
1.08
1.05
1.03
1.05
1.05
1.08
1.05
1.05

7.3
5.6
6.1
9.1
5.3
8.2
6.0
9.4
9.1
8.9
8.3
16.4
11.5
6.4
6.5
8.8
7.1
5.5
5.7
9.6
7.9
7.1
8.4
6.3
5.9
6.6
7.5
7.6
6.7
7.6
6.7
5.2
8.3

2.8
2.1
2.8
4.4
5.0
2.5
3.2
3.2
3.5
4.5
4.0
1.5
2.6
2.6
3.7
2.8
3.7
4.8
2.7
1.9
3.3
4.1
4.6
2.5
3.8
7.0
3.7
2.5
4.1
3.0
3.6
3.7
3.0

2.3
2.4
2.3
4.2
4.1
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.9
4.1
3.3
1.5
2.2
2.3
3.1
2.4
3.0
4.1
2.6
1.8
2.3
3.3
3.8
3.1
3.1
5.9
3.0
2.8
3.4
2.5
3.0
3.9
2.5

1.06
1.03
1.05
1.08
1.05
1.05
1.03
1.05
1.05
1.03
1.05
1.06
1.05
1.05
1.06
1.03
1.05
1.07
1.05
1.10
1.03
1.07
1.05
1.06
1.03
1.05
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.05
1.07
1.05
1.11

136
Bhutan
136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
Nepal
146
Pakistan
147
Kenya
148
Swaziland
149
Angola
150
Myanmar
151
Rwanda
152
Cameroon
152
Nigeria
154
Yemen
155
Madagascar
156
Zimbabwe
157
Papua New Guinea
157
Solomon Islands
159
Comoros
159
Tanzania (United Republic of)
161
Mauritania
162
Lesotho
163
Senegal
164
Uganda
165
Benin
166
Sudan
166
Togo
168
Haiti
169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad

0.8
15.1
25.9
6.8
4.4
14.5
156.6
0.2
0.8

0.9
19.1
35.3
8.8
6.8
25.0
185.1
0.3
1.1

0.1
1.7
3.7
0.9
0.7
2.7
15.1
0.0
0.1

0.0
0.8
0.9
0.3
0.2
0.4
7.5
0.0
0.0

27.8
182.1
44.4
1.2
21.5
53.3
11.8
22.3
173.6
24.4
22.9
14.1
7.3
0.6
0.7
49.3
3.9
2.1
14.1
37.6
10.3
38.0
6.8
10.3
30.6
0.9
20.3
1.8
94.1
16.4
4.3
15.3
1.7
25.8
11.7
10.2
16.9
6.3
6.1
12.8

32.9
231.7
66.3
1.5
34.8
58.7
17.8
33.1
273.1
34.0
36.0
20.3
10.0
0.8
1.1
79.4
5.6
2.4
21.9
63.4
15.5
55.1
10.0
12.5
43.5
1.1
29.2
3.1
137.7
26.0
6.4
26.0
2.5
38.9
17.3
16.4
26.6
9.8
8.1
20.9

2.9
21.8
7.0
0.2
4.0
4.4
1.9
3.6
30.5
3.4
3.6
2.0
1.0
0.1
0.1
8.7
0.6
0.3
2.4
7.1
1.7
5.7
1.1
1.3
4.9
0.1
3.2
0.3
14.2
2.9
0.7
3.0
0.3
4.4
1.9
1.9
3.0
1.1
0.9
2.5

1.4
8.0
1.2
0.0
0.5
2.8
0.3
0.7
4.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.9
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.0
0.6
0.0
3.2
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.8
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3

2.8
1.8
2.5
1.4
2.5
2.5
1.6
2.1
3.1

1.6
1.7
2.1
1.9
2.6
3.2
1.2
2.6
2.8

37.1
20.3
53.2
36.5
64.5
40.0
29.4
64.1
39.8

26.7
25.0
20.9
22.0
18.7
16.7
25.8
19.4
20.9

39.9
49.0
65.0
55.6
78.5
90.6
43.8
74.8
65.6

1.7
1.9
2.7
0.8
3.4
0.7
2.3
2.6
2.6
2.8
3.0
0.3
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.6
3.0
0.7
2.7
3.4
3.3
2.6
2.6
1.5
3.8
1.4
1.5
3.1
2.9
2.6
2.5
3.0
2.2
2.8
1.8
3.0
2.9
4.2
4.3
3.8

1.2
1.7
2.7
1.5
3.1
0.8
2.7
2.5
2.8
2.3
2.8
2.8
2.1
2.1
2.4
3.0
2.5
1.1
2.9
3.3
2.7
2.1
2.6
1.4
2.4
1.5
2.3
3.2
2.6
2.8
2.6
3.0
2.4
2.5
2.5
3.2
2.8
3.2
1.9
3.0

17.7
36.8
24.8
21.2
60.7
33.8
19.7
53.2
50.9
33.5
33.8
39.6
12.6
21.4
28.2
27.6
42.0
29.0
43.1
16.4
46.2
33.5
39.0
56.1
24.1
77.2
52.8
58.4
17.5
16.0
48.9
36.2
45.3
31.7
36.4
11.5
28.2
22.2
40.0
22.0

23.1
23.2
19.0
20.5
16.4
29.8
18.4
18.5
17.7
19.7
18.7
20.1
21.2
19.9
19.1
17.6
20.0
21.2
18.2
15.9
18.6
19.4
19.0
22.7
17.0
23.4
19.1
17.0
18.6
17.3
18.6
16.2
19.3
17.3
18.8
17.6
17.3
18.5
19.3
15.9

53.4
52.3
75.4
63.1
92.9
34.4
74.1
78.4
83.9
67.5
75.2
66.9
62.2
69.4
75.1
85.9
69.4
59.2
80.5
96.6
76.7
72.1
74.6
55.8
85.4
53.9
73.4
87.9
75.2
86.3
77.4
95.5
73.3
87.4
75.9
85.3
85.6
78.8
72.4
96.3

7.3
8.9
5.9
6.2
6.3
5.0
7.3
5.8
4.8

3.1
3.5
4.6
3.7
5.1
6.0
2.9
4.6
5.6

2.3
2.9
3.9
3.1
5.0
5.7
2.2
4.1
4.9

1.04
1.05
1.05
1.05
1.03
1.02
1.05
1.03
1.03

8.6
7.0
5.0
6.1
4.8
7.7
4.5
5.9
5.1
5.1
5.1
6.7
5.0
5.9
5.1
6.2
5.6
6.9
5.4
4.9
5.3
5.9
4.9
7.5
4.7
6.6
5.7
4.5
6.3
6.3
5.5
5.4
5.3
6.4
5.6
4.5
4.6
4.3
4.7
4.8

3.7
4.0
5.0
4.0
6.8
2.2
5.6
5.5
6.1
5.9
5.3
4.0
4.4
4.6
5.3
5.7
5.2
3.8
5.4
6.7
5.8
5.3
5.1
4.0
7.4
4.2
5.2
5.9
6.1
6.1
5.7
6.8
5.7
5.7
5.8
6.9
6.4
5.7
5.7
7.2

2.3
3.2
4.4
3.4
5.9
2.0
4.6
4.8
6.0
4.2
4.5
3.5
3.8
4.1
4.7
5.2
4.7
3.1
5.0
5.9
4.9
4.5
4.7
3.2
5.0
3.4
4.9
5.8
4.6
5.4
4.8
6.9
5.0
5.2
5.0
6.1
5.7
4.7
4.8
6.3

1.07
1.09
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.02
1.03
1.06
1.05
1.03
1.02
1.08
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.05
1.03
1.04
1.03
1.04
1.04
1.02
1.05
1.06
1.04
1.03
1.03
1.04
1.03
1.05
1.05
1.03
1.03
1.02
1.03
1.05
1.05
1.02
1.03

185
Central African Republic
186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

4.6
67.5
17.8

6.3
103.7
34.5

0.7
11.9
3.7

0.2
1.9
0.5

24.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.5
11.3
0.0

26.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.9
17.3
0.0

1.7
..
..
..
..
2.0
1.8
..

2.4
..
..
..
..
0.3
0.4
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

1,189.7
2,485.5
2,262.1
1,145.6

1,276.5
2,662.3
2,716.0
1,675.6

69.4
176.8
228.7
176.9

193.9
215.9
115.9
38.0

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

366.0
2,035.9
233.4
611.3
1,749.0
888.2

481.3
2,211.9
251.0
711.1
2,085.5
1,348.9

43.9
149.2
18.9
53.6
175.1
146.6

15.4
160.7
21.2
44.0
89.6
27.6

Least developed countries

Small island developing states
World

898.4
54.3

1,287.0
63.4

132.1
5.4

31.7
3.7

7,162.1

8,424.9

659.0

570.5

NOTES
a. Because data are based on national definitions of what constitutes a city or metropolitan area, cross-countr
b. The natural sex ratio at birth is commonly assumed and empirically confirmed to be 1.05 male births to 1 fe
c. Projections based on medium-fertility variant.

d. Includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.

e. Includes Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island.
f. Includes land Islands.
g. Includes Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla.
h. Includes Northern-Cyprus.
i. Includes Sabah and Sarawak.
j. Includes Agalega, Rodrigues, and Saint Brandon
k. Includes Nagorno-Karabakh.
l. Includes Kosovo.
m. Includes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
n. Includes East Jerusalem.

1.7
2.8
3.6

2.0
2.7
3.9

39.5
35.4
18.3

20.0
17.5
15.0

68.7
84.7
106.0

0.8
0.0
1.0
0.1
2.0
2.7
3.8
0.6

0.5
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.6
2.9
4.0
0.2

60.6
72.5
100.0
100.0
94.2
38.7
18.4
51.4

33.9
..
..
..
..
16.5
18.9
..

30.5
..
..
..
..
92.6
75.3
..

0.7
0.7
1.6
2.5

0.6
0.7
1.3
2.4

81.6
61.4
38.3
34.5

40.2
34.2
26.5
19.5

26.1
28.7
44.6
72.6

2.2
0.8
0.4
1.3
1.6
2.6

2.0
0.8
0.7
1.1
1.3
2.7

57.8
50.8
60.5
79.5
33.4
37.4

24.6
33.7
32.2
29.0
26.4
18.5

50.8
29.5
33.4
39.4
44.2
78.9

2.4
1.3

2.3
1.1

29.4
53.0

19.9
27.9

69.1
45.4

1.2

1.1

53.0

29.6

39.5

s a city or metropolitan area, cross-country comparisons should be made with caution.

lly confirmed to be 1.05 male births to 1 female births.

6.7
5.4
5.5

5.3
6.9
7.7

4.4
6.0
7.6

1.03
1.03
1.05

13.8
..
..
..
..
5.6
6.4
..

2.0
..
..
..
..
7.4
5.9
..

2.0
..
..
..
..
6.6
5.0
..

1.05
..
..
..
..
1.03
1.04
..

25.7
12.9
8.1
6.0

1.7
1.8
3.0
5.3

1.8
1.8
2.6
4.6

1.05
1.06
1.05
1.04

6.8
11.8
13.4
11.4
8.1
5.8

3.6
1.8
2.0
2.5
3.1
5.7

3.2
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.6
5.1

1.05
1.05
1.07
1.05
1.06
1.03

6.2
11.0

4.9
3.1

4.2
2.7

1.04
1.06

12.5

2.6

2.5

1.07

o. Includes Transnistria.
p. Includes Zanzibar
T. From original data source.

DEFINITIONS
Population: De facto population in a country, area or region as of 1 July.
Population under age 5: De facto population in a country, area or region under age 5 as of 1 July.
Population ages 65 and older: De facto population in a country, area or region ages 65 and older as of 1 Ju
Population average annual growth rate: Average annual exponential growth rate for the period specified.
Urban population: De facto population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by ea
Median age: Age that divides the population distribution into two equal partsthat is, 50 percent of the popul
Young age dependency ratio: Ratio of the population ages 0-14 to the population ages 15-64, expressed as
Old age dependency ratio: Ratio of the population ages 65 and older to the population ages 15-64, expresse
Total fertility rate: Number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her chi
Sex ratio at birth: Number of male births per female birth.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1-6 and 8-13: UNDESA (2013a).
Column 7: UNDESA (2013b).

July.
region under age 5 as of 1 July.
rea or region ages 65 and older as of 1 July.
ntial growth rate for the period specified.
urban according to the criteria used by each country or area as of July 1.
ual partsthat is, 50 percent of the population is above that age and 50 percent is below it.
o the population ages 15-64, expressed as the number of dependants per 100 persons of working age (ages 15-64).
der to the population ages 15-64, expressed as the number of dependants per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64).
man if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and bear children at each age in accordance with prevailing age-specific fertility ra

s of working age (ages 15-64).

ople of working age (ages 15-64).
age in accordance with prevailing age-specific fertility rates.

16: Supplementary Indicators: Perceptions of well-being

Perceptions of i

HDI rank

Country

VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1
Norway
2
Australia
3
Switzerland
4
Netherlands
5
United States
6
Germany
7
New Zealand
8
Canada
9
Singapore
10
Denmark
11
Ireland
12
Sweden
13
Iceland
14
United Kingdom
15
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
15
Korea (Republic of)
17
Japan
18
Liechtenstein
19
Israel
20
France
21
Austria
21
Belgium
21
Luxembourg
24
Finland
25
Slovenia
26
Italy
27
Spain
28
Czech Republic
29
Greece
30
Brunei Darussalam
31
Qatar
32
Cyprus
33
Estonia
34
Saudi Arabia
35
Lithuania
35
Poland
37
Andorra
37
Slovakia

Education quality

Health care quality

(% satisfied)

(% satisfied)

2012

78
66
77
74
64
60
71
74
85
72
82
65
78
73
46
55
55
..
62
67
72
69
65
81
76
62
63
62
46
..
72
66
51
65
54
60
..
61

2008-2012

82
81
94
88
73
86
83
75
84
81
64
81
79
86
54
68
75
..
69
78
93
87
88
65
81
55
74
71
29
..
90
62
45
56
51
42
..
59

Perceptions of individual well-being

Standard of
living

Job

Safety

Freedom of choice

Overall life
satisfaction index

(% satisfied)

(%
satisfied)

(% answering
yes)

(% satisfied)

(0, least satisfied, 10,

most satisfied)

2007-2012

2007-2012

92
93
94
87
82
90
90
92
82
92
90
93
87
88
87
59
70
..
65
83
90
82
91
91
89
55
74
71
36
..
90
69
65
59
46
75
..
53

7.7
7.2
7.8
7.5
7.0
6.7
7.2
7.4
6.5
7.5
7.0
7.6
7.6
6.9
5.5
6.0
6.0
..
7.1
6.6
7.4
6.9
7.0
7.4
6.1
5.8
6.3
6.3
5.1
..
6.7
6.2
5.4
6.5
5.8
5.9
..
5.9

2007-2013

90
87
94
88
72
90
87
86
80
88
76
90
81
80
79
72
71
..
68
83
95
87
92
82
71
66
80
65
38
..
84
69
43
77
29
66
..
49

2007-2012

91
87
93
92
85
91
86
90
88
92
88
90
93
88
81
73
79
..
80
81
93
86
91
91
86
83
86
78
73
..
88
88
78
90
73
83
..
78

2007-2012

87
65
78
77
74
79
64
84
89
80
74
81
80
75
88
67
77
..
63
67
82
66
73
77
85
66
78
59
47
..
92
68
61
77
45
68
..
55

Perceptions about community

Trust in
Local labour
other
market
people
Community
(%
answering
can be
trusted)

(% answering
good)
a

2007-2012

54
27
35
14
28
46
29
43
63
18
6
32
33
9
46
25
16
..
26
16
35
19
18
24
9
3
5
11
1
..
66
11
18
73
14
18
..
8

2009-2011

..
..
44
46
37
31
..
42
33
60
30
55
..
35
29
26
33
..
26
20
29
30
26
58
15
20
22
24
16
..
23
11
33
36
25
25
..
21

Perceptions about government

Actions to
Efforts to deal
preserve the
with the poor
environment

(% answering yes)
a

2007-2012

92
90
94
93
85
94
89
91
92
94
90
94
75
88
82
79
85
..
79
86
94
91
94
92
92
75
88
84
80
..
92
85
85
93
84
90
..
83

(% satisfied)
a

2007-2013

34
45
67
63
43
50
53
45
66
57
52
30
34
51
38
33
33
..
14
44
54
45
72
42
44
30
42
21
7
..
91
39
8
80
18
22
..
22

(% satisfied)
a

2007-2013

52
69
74
66
59
67
77
60
84
70
63
57
55
71
38
33
41
..
42
53
61
58
76
57
58
32
41
52
17
..
91
49
54
56
42
47
..
42

ions about government

Trust in national
government

(% answering yes)
2007-2012

66
42
77
57
35
52
61
52
83
53
35
63
26
42
50
23
17
..
34
44
38
44
74
60
24
28
34
17
13
..
89
34
27
..
15
27
..
37

39
Malta
40
United Arab Emirates
41
Chile
41
Portugal
43
Hungary
44
Bahrain
44
Cuba
46
Kuwait
47
Croatia
48
Latvia
49
Argentina
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
50
Uruguay
51
Bahamas
51
Montenegro
53
Belarus
54
Romania
55
Libya
56
Oman
57
Russian Federation
58
Bulgaria
59
Barbados
60
Palau
61
Antigua and Barbuda
62
Malaysia
63
Mauritius
64
Trinidad and Tobago
65
Lebanon
65
Panama
67
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
68
Costa Rica
69
Turkey
70
Kazakhstan
71
Mexico
71
Seychelles
73
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Sri Lanka
75
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
76
Azerbaijan
77
Jordan
77
Serbia
79
Brazil
79
Georgia
79
Grenada
82
Peru
83
Ukraine
84
Belize
84
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
86
Bosnia and Herzegovina
87
Armenia

64
83
49
67
60
82
..
65
62
54
64

70
82
35
57
64
70
..
62
63
48
63

62
..
60
53
53
33
..
39
45
..
..
..
91
..
..
63
68
77
83
55
59
62
..
..
80
61
50
61
50
52
67
..
53
44
..
62
54
52

76
..
48
38
52
41
78
27
39
..
..
..
87
77
63
46
61
64
65
60
47
71
..
..
78
52
34
72
43
25
48
..
37
18
..
47
42
40

63
87
72
52
40
66
..
88
39
32
67

80
87
82
83
75
77
..
93
73
77
81

72
90
57
60
56
60
..
..
66
58
45

82
88
72
73
55
63
..
93
46
51
73

6.0
7.2
6.6
5.0
4.7
5.0
..
6.2
6.0
5.1
6.5

79
..
37
37
36
57
87
42
29
..
..
..
75
64
71
45
79
79
75
55
64
78
..
..
60
67
49
46
34
77
24
..
60
24
69
39
32
30

83
..
59
62
70
74
86
70
74
..
..
..
83
85
90
63
89
89
85
71
75
76
..
..
84
67
66
69
65
83
50
..
74
67
..
60
59
50

51
..
74
61
54
91
..
39
59
..
..
..
45
55
69
62
48
26
53
55
51
54
..
..
77
55
69
81
62
46
91
..
46
46
43
63
65
78

85
..
43
53
60
68
91
51
59
..
..
..
82
83
77
61
73
78
92
45
75
77
..
..
77
57
54
65
45
80
60
..
66
49
62
58
40
46

6.4
..
5.2
5.7
5.2
5.8
6.9
5.6
4.2
..
..
..
5.9
5.5
6.5
4.6
6.9
7.1
7.3
5.3
5.8
7.3
..
..
4.2
4.6
4.9
5.1
5.2
6.9
4.3
..
5.8
5.0
6.5
4.6
4.8
4.3

19
47
57
7
7
44
..
69
5
17
34

16
18
15
27
13
11
..
11
16
13
23

82
93
82
88
74
90
..
93
75
85
82

47
85
35
29
17
57
..
89
9
12
34

64
89
38
43
45
57
..
78
40
55
42

56
..
7
26
9
49
69
26
6
..
..
..
44
38
46
13
57
57
26
32
38
43
..
..
50
22
27
13
3
56
12
..
43
15
44
8
5
12

27
..
21
34
15
..
..
24
20
..
..
..
14
..
..
7
21
13
14
8
33
29
..
..
17
..
27
9
17
15
16
..
12
29
..
11
18
15

82
..
69
82
82
72
90
72
77
..
..
..
83
91
87
81
87
81
85
78
80
79
..
..
90
76
73
74
65
74
77
..
72
76
67
65
66
55

58
..
9
26
8
56
..
12
9
..
..
..
70
..
34
19
37
60
40
41
32
41
..
..
58
58
22
51
10
43
36
..
37
8
20
16
6
14

58
..
35
45
23
37
..
17
33
..
..
..
72
79
44
27
46
63
72
45
40
53
..
..
70
61
48
47
25
46
53
..
40
18
30
37
19
32

50
..
34
23
21
..
..
..
31
19
42
58
..
36
59
24
..
..
45
34
..
..
..
76
67
52
37
36
54
28
53
73
36
..
..
78
56
71
77
22
46
61
..
27
24
26
37
19
29

88
89
90
91
91
93
93
95
96
97
98
98
100
100
102
MEDIUM
103
103
103
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
118
120
121
121
123
124
125
125
127
128
129
129
131
132
133
133
135
136

Fiji
Thailand
Tunisia
China
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Algeria
Dominica
Albania
Jamaica
Saint Lucia
Colombia
Ecuador
Suriname
Tonga
Dominican Republic
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Maldives
Mongolia
Turkmenistan
Samoa
Palestine, State of
Indonesia
Botswana
Egypt
Paraguay
Gabon
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Moldova (Republic of)
El Salvador
Uzbekistan
Philippines
South Africa
Syrian Arab Republic
Iraq
Guyana
Viet Nam
Cape Verde
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Guatemala
Kyrgyzstan
Namibia
Timor-Leste
Honduras
Morocco
Vanuatu
Nicaragua
Kiribati
Tajikistan
India
Bhutan

..
91
44
62
..
64
..
60
..
..
65
76
82
..
72

..
88
32
65
..
52
..
38
58
..
46
60
78
..
59

..
55
..
..
67
82
68
40
76
36
70
55
78
83
83
67
43
50
..
83
..
..
74
64
..
..
64
41
..
83
..
76
69
..

..
40
64
..
62
80
56
35
69
29
48
40
67
86
83
46
30
30
..
59
..
..
49
53
..
..
49
25
..
65
..
68
48
..

..
83
54
73
..
66
..
48
42
..
75
69
64
..
63

..
97
63
72
..
72
..
68
68
..
82
84
83
..
70

..
74
59
82
..
53
..
59
56
..
45
47
60
..
39

..
83
53
77
..
56
..
58
75
..
81
81
87
..
83

..
6.3
4.5
5.1
..
5.6
..
5.5
5.4
..
6.4
6.0
6.3
..
4.8

..
59
89
..
47
63
36
63
86
29
71
45
72
64
70
43
38
45
64
68
..
..
66
62
61
..
56
74
..
71
..
81
47
..

..
81
86
..
64
77
52
71
89
50
85
64
80
89
83
55
53
60
..
82
..
..
85
69
..
..
82
68
..
85
..
84
67
..

..
46
77
..
63
89
35
57
44
35
40
46
53
84
66
27
49
41
47
67
..
..
53
51
33
..
49
56
..
56
..
86
61
..

..
59
63
..
53
70
79
44
75
56
85
55
67
88
91
58
40
29
66
73
..
..
84
66
76
..
69
72
..
84
..
67
57
..

..
4.9
5.5
..
4.6
5.4
4.8
4.2
5.8
4.0
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
5.0
5.1
3.2
4.7
6.0
5.5
..
..
5.9
5.2
4.9
..
4.6
5.0
..
5.4
..
4.5
4.6
..

..
73
22
38
..
53
..
12
20
..
41
35
34
..
21

..
27
15
57
..
16
..
7
..
..
14
9
..
..
15

..
95
71
80
..
83
..
71
72
..
83
84
90
..
81

..
67
30
68
..
41
..
13
21
..
34
59
61
..
46

..
75
38
72
..
48
..
27
32
..
49
67
65
..
57

..
12
57
..
8
38
32
10
60
35
50
6
35
55
65
29
17
40
33
35
..
..
33
38
33
..
31
21
..
40
..
58
30
..

..
14
27
..
9
21
9
25
12
..
10
12
18
26
14
17
9
15
..
26
..
..
15
34
..
..
13
58
..
11
..
31
20
..

..
76
94
..
76
90
61
63
92
45
84
73
85
93
90
54
35
64
75
81
..
..
88
87
77
..
84
77
..
89
..
91
75
..

..
16
38
..
39
28
74
31
33
26
56
18
43
67
82
25
47
8
20
59
..
..
41
35
35
..
32
48
..
53
..
53
39
..

..
22
61
..
40
54
67
20
46
49
58
19
50
82
87
42
44
15
34
50
..
..
49
44
58
..
47
51
..
67
..
58
40
..

..
70
44
..
..
53
..
36
36
..
36
64
72
..
43
..
31
..
..
47
67
66
60
30
36
44
21
31
..
76
43
..
34
46
86
..
..
50
51
82
..
26
45
..
57
..
92
54
..

136
Cambodia
138
Ghana
139
Lao People's Democratic Republic
140
Congo
141
Zambia
142
Bangladesh
142
Sao Tome and Principe
144
Equatorial Guinea
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
145
Nepal
146
Pakistan
147
Kenya
148
Swaziland
149
Angola
150
Myanmar
151
Rwanda
152
Cameroon
152
Nigeria
154
Yemen
155
Madagascar
156
Zimbabwe
157
Papua New Guinea
157
Solomon Islands
159
Comoros
159
Tanzania (United Republic of)
161
Mauritania
162
Lesotho
163
Senegal
164
Uganda
165
Benin
166
Sudan
166
Togo
168
Haiti
169
Afghanistan
170
Djibouti
171
Cte d'Ivoire
172
Gambia
173
Ethiopia
174
Malawi
175
Liberia
176
Mali
177
Guinea-Bissau
178
Mozambique
179
Guinea
180
Burundi
181
Burkina Faso
182
Eritrea
183
Sierra Leone
184
Chad
185
Central African Republic

92
59
73
56
54
84
..
..

83
46
66
38
50
63
..
..

79
59
69
..
..
69
76
67
55
35
50
62
..
..
49
35
30
..
31
48
52
38
..
39
64
..
..
..
..
66
..
35
..
..
22
..
66
..
..
58
..

56
43
57
58
30
54
65
48
47
19
35
58
..
..
24
28
30
21
42
41
44
28
23
24
43
49
21
..
..
64
32
31
..
47
21
41
42
..
34
47
23

49
35
73
42
34
74
..
..

84
63
85
63
54
80
..
..

63
73
75
51
46
81
..
..

95
68
87
77
78
64
..
..

3.9
5.1
4.9
3.9
5.0
4.7
..
..

57
58
33
45
50
45
30
43
49
47
18
48
..
..
38
40
43
27
37
38
20
44
16
17
31
63
17
..
..
37
43
26
..
38
20
26
35
..
32
42
34

85
74
50
55
65
71
43
63
64
53
48
53
..
..
61
66
56
47
68
59
51
48
42
38
88
70
..
..
..
50
63
60
..
63
49
65
56
..
61
71
67

61
41
50
42
45
89
86
60
61
65
40
52
..
..
72
58
63
38
57
41
71
68
52
40
39
72
47
..
..
49
43
67
..
42
50
65
70
..
50
33
60

57
35
61
61
57
65
84
76
63
67
48
46
..
..
53
57
48
62
67
64
77
40
56
43
49
74
76
..
..
64
87
70
..
64
64
49
62
..
77
56
78

4.2
5.1
4.5
4.9
5.6
4.4
3.3
4.2
5.5
4.1
3.6
5.0
..
..
4.0
4.0
4.7
4.9
3.7
4.3
3.2
4.6
2.9
4.4
3.8
4.4
4.2
..
..
4.3
4.2
4.3
..
5.0
3.7
3.7
4.0
..
4.5
4.0
3.7

55
29
66
53
32
35
..
..

9
19
..
..
31
15
..
..

92
55
94
67
56
90
..
..

89
22
66
28
27
57
..
..

92
44
90
61
41
60
..
..

36
17
34
25
44
32
44
33
31
12
29
33
..
..
30
32
32
21
40
21
27
17
24
17
37
55
25
..
..
32
53
31
..
45
46
17
27
..
30
37
36

17
20
10
..
..
..
30
13
13
27
..
15
..
..
35
26
30
..
28
17
..
31
..
30
25
55
13
..
..
33
12
45
..
..
..
38
26
..
16
21
37

84
79
65
62
50
90
60
60
69
71
83
65
..
..
75
60
64
52
64
65
63
63
58
40
70
75
41
..
..
78
63
60
..
83
64
76
78
..
52
68
76

34
16
26
..
60
51
66
29
15
27
23
36
..
..
17
26
26
..
23
21
25
22
10
15
20
55
8
..
..
47
17
13
..
35
10
27
23
..
11
19
27

45
19
51
56
42
50
90
53
35
21
36
58
..
..
39
36
37
23
40
44
46
26
46
38
43
58
32
..
..
61
34
42
..
55
43
71
61
..
46
67
69

83
58
98
54
59
71
..
..
44
23
40
35
23
..
95
53
30
60
35
41
..
..
46
41
38
40
65
40
58
54
51
37
44
68
42
..
..
47
53
49
..
63
56
85
62
..
58
30
78

186
Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
187
Niger
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
South Sudan
Tuvalu

40
47

32
37

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Human Development Groups

Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development

63
60
71
..

72
58
54
42

Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa

48
..
57
..
69
..

39
..
50
47
49
42

Least developed countries

Small island developing states

..
..

45
..

World

64

57

NOTE
a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.

DEFINITIONS
Satisfaction with education quality: Percentage of respondents who answered "satisfied" to the Gallup Wo
Satisfaction with health care quality: Percentage of respondents who answered satisfied to the Gallup W
Satisfaction with standard of living: Percentage of respondents answering "satisfied" to the Gallup World P
Satisfaction with job: Percentage of respondents answering "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "A
Perception of safety: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Do you
Satisfaction with freedom of choice: Percentage of respondents answering "satisfied" to the Gallup World P
Overall life satisfaction index: Average response to the Gallup World Poll question: "Please imagine a ladd
Satisfaction with local labour market: Percentage of respondents answering "good" to Gallup World Poll qu
Trust in other people: Percentage of respondents answering "can be trusted" to the Gallup World Poll quest
Satisfaction with community: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question
Satisfaction with efforts to deal with the poor: Percentage of respondents who answered "satisfied" to Ga
Satisfaction with actions to preserve the environment: Percentage of respondents answering "satisfied" t
Trust in national government: Percentage of respondents answering "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question

42
57

55
72

48
86

54
73

4.6
3.8

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

84
74
71
64

72
68
65
55

77
73
62
56

6.6
5.5
4.8
4.6

68
..
71
80
70
59

60
..
60
47
60
53

53
..
56
77
55
63

4.8
..
5.3
6.6
4.6
4.6

67
..

62
..

62
..

4.3
..

74

66

68

5.3

ho answered "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the education
who answered satisfied to the Gallup World Poll question, Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the availability of quality health care?
nswering "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your standard of living, all the things you can buy
ied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your job?"
o the Gallup World Poll question, "Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the city or area where you live?"
answering "satisfied" to the Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, are you satisfied or
orld Poll question: "Please imagine a ladder, with steps numbered from zero at the bottom to ten
answering "good" to Gallup World Poll question, "Thinking about the job situation in the city or area where you live today, would you say that
be trusted" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Generally speaking, would you say that most
ng "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the city or area where you live?"
pondents who answered "satisfied" to Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with efforts to deal with the
ge of respondents answering "satisfied" to Gallup World Poll question: "In this country, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the efforts to pre
ng "yes" to the Gallup World Poll question, "In this country, do you have confidence in the national government?"

35
45

39
40

60
77

27
34

40
57

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

31
..
..
..

86
79
78
70

41
55
41
24

53
60
46
39

25
..
21
..
20
..

71
..
79
78
77
65

39
..
33
41
39
24

36
..
43
49
41
44

..
..

74
..

37
..

49
..

30

78

44

51

e availability of quality health care?

ndard of living, all the things you can buy and do?"

ou live?"

where you live today, would you say that it is now a good time or a bad time to find a job?"

or dissatisfied with efforts to deal with the poor?"

fied or dissatisfied with the efforts to preserve the environment?"
government?"

44
53
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

36
48
59
40

..
..
47
42
52
44
55
..
48

MAIN DATA SOURCES

Columns 1-13: Gallup (2013).

Key to HDI countries and ranks, 2013

Afghanistan
169
Albania
95
Algeria
93
Andorra
37
Angola
149
Antigua and Barbuda
61
Argentina
49
Armenia
87
Australia
2
Austria
21
Azerbaijan
76
Bahamas
51
Bahrain
44
Bangladesh
142
Barbados
59
Belarus
53
Belgium
21
Belize
84
Benin
165
Bhutan
136
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
113
Bosnia and Herzegovina
86
Botswana
109
Brazil
79
Brunei Darussalam
30
Bulgaria
58
Burkina Faso
181
Burundi
180
Cambodia
136
Cameroon
152
Canada
8
Cape Verde
123
Central African Republic 185
Chad
184
Chile
41
China
91
Colombia
98
Comoros
159
Congo
140
Congo (Democratic Republic
186
of the)
Costa Rica
68
Cte d'Ivoire
171
Croatia
47
Cuba
44
Cyprus
32
Czech Republic
28
Denmark
10

Georgia
79
Germany
6
Ghana
138
Greece
29
Grenada
79
Guatemala
125
Guinea
179
Guinea-Bissau
177
Guyana
121
Haiti
168
Honduras
129
Hong Kong, China (SAR) 15
Hungary
43
Iceland
13
India
135
Indonesia
108
Iran (Islamic Republic of) 75
Iraq
120
Ireland
11
Israel
19
Italy
26
Jamaica
96
Japan
17
Jordan
77
Kazakhstan
70
Kenya
147
Kiribati
133
Korea (Republic of)
15
Kuwait
46
Kyrgyzstan
125
Lao People's Democratic Republic
139
Latvia
48
Lebanon
65
Lesotho
162
Liberia
175
Libya
55
Liechtenstein
18
Lithuania
35
Luxembourg
21
Madagascar
155
Malawi
174
Malaysia
62
Maldives
103
Mali
176
Malta
39
Mauritania
161
Mauritius
63

Norway
1
Oman
56
Pakistan
146
Palau
60
Palestine, State of
107
Panama
65
Papua New Guinea
157
Paraguay
111
Peru
82
Philippines
117
Poland
35
Portugal
41
Qatar
31
Romania
54
Russian Federation
57
Rwanda
151
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
Saint Lucia
97
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
91
Samoa
106
Sao Tome and Principe
142
Saudi Arabia
34
Senegal
163
Serbia
77
Seychelles
71
Sierra Leone
183
Singapore
9
Slovakia
37
Slovenia
25
Solomon Islands
157
South Africa
118
Spain
27
Sri Lanka
73
Sudan
166
Suriname
100
Swaziland
148
Sweden
12
Switzerland
3
Syrian Arab Republic
118
Tajikistan
133
Tanzania (United Republic of) 159
Thailand
89
The former Yugoslav Republic of84Macedonia
Timor-Leste
128
Togo
166
Tonga
100
Trinidad and Tobago
64

Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia

170
93
102
98
110
115
144
182
33
173
88
24
20
112
172

Mexico
71
Micronesia (Federated States
124 of)
Moldova (Republic of)
114
Mongolia
103
Montenegro
51
Morocco
129
Mozambique
178
Myanmar
150
Namibia
127
Nepal
145
Netherlands
4
New Zealand
7
Nicaragua
132
Niger
187
Nigeria
152

Tunisia
90
Turkey
69
Turkmenistan
103
Uganda
164
Ukraine
83
United Arab Emirates
40
United Kingdom
14
United States
5
Uruguay
50
Uzbekistan
116
Vanuatu
131
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
67
Viet Nam
121
Yemen
154
Zambia
141
Zimbabwe
156

Countries and HDI ranks in 2013 and change in rank from 2012 to 2013

Afghanistan
169
Albania
95
Algeria
93
Andorra
37
Angola
149
Antigua and Barbuda
61
Argentina
49
Armenia
87
Australia
2
Austria
21
Azerbaijan
76
Bahamas
51
Bahrain
44
Bangladesh
142
Barbados
59
Belarus
53
Belgium
21
Belize
84
Benin
165
Bhutan
136
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 113
Bosnia and Herzegovina
86
Botswana
109
Brazil
79
Brunei Darussalam
30
Bulgaria
58
Burkina Faso
181
Burundi
180
Cambodia
136
Cameroon
152
Canada
8
Cape Verde
123
Central African Republic
185
Chad
184
Chile
41
China
91
Colombia
98
Comoros
159
Congo
140
Congo (Democratic Republic of186
the)
Costa Rica
68

0
2
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
1
-1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
-2
0
-1
1
2
0
-1
0
1
-1

Georgia
79
Germany
6
Ghana
138
Greece
29
Grenada
79
Guatemala
125
Guinea
179
Guinea-Bissau
177
Guyana
121
Haiti
168
Honduras
129
Hong Kong, China (SAR) 15
Hungary
43
Iceland
13
India
135
Indonesia
108
Iran (Islamic Republic of) 75
Iraq
120
Ireland
11
Israel
19
Italy
26
Jamaica
96
Japan
17
Jordan
77
Kazakhstan
70
Kenya
147
Kiribati
133
Korea (Republic of)
15
Kuwait
46
Kyrgyzstan
125
Lao People's Democratic Republic
139
Latvia
48
Lebanon
65
Lesotho
162
Liberia
175
Libya
55
Liechtenstein
18
Lithuania
35
Luxembourg
21
Madagascar
155
Malawi
174

2
0
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-2
0
-3
0
0
-3
-1
0
0
0
0
1
-2
1
0
0
0
1
0
-5
-2
1
0
0
0

Cte d'Ivoire
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia

171
47
44
32
28
10
170
93
102
98
110
115
144
182
33
173
88
24
20
112
172

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0
0
-2
0
-3
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
0

Malaysia
62
Maldives
103
Mali
176
Malta
39
Mauritania
161
Mauritius
63
Mexico
71
Micronesia (Federated States
124 of)
Moldova (Republic of)
114
Mongolia
103
Montenegro
51
Morocco
129
Mozambique
178
Myanmar
150
Namibia
127
Nepal
145
Netherlands
4
New Zealand
7
Nicaragua
132
Niger
187
Nigeria
152

0
0
0
0
-2
0
-1
0
2
3
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1
1

Norway
1
0
Oman
56
0
Pakistan
146
0
Palau
60
0
Palestine, State of107
0
Panama
65
2
Papua New Guinea
157
-1
Paraguay
111
0
Peru
82
0
Philippines
117
1
Poland
35
-1
Portugal
41
0
Qatar
31
0
Romania
54
1
Russian Federation57
0
Rwanda
151
0
Saint Kitts and Nevis
73
0
Saint Lucia
97
-4
Saint Vincent and the
91Grenadines
0
Samoa
106
-2
Sao Tome and Principe
142
-1
Saudi Arabia
34
0
Senegal
163
-3
Serbia
77
1
Seychelles
71
-1
Sierra Leone
183
1
Singapore
9
3
Slovakia
37
1
Slovenia
25
0
Solomon Islands 157
0
South Africa
118
1
Spain
27
0
Sri Lanka
73
2
Sudan
166
0
Suriname
100
1
Swaziland
148
0
Sweden
12
-1
Switzerland
3
0
Syrian Arab Republic
118
-4
Tajikistan
133
1
Tanzania (United Republic
159
of) 1

Thailand
89
0
The former Yugoslav
84Republic of1Macedonia

Timor-Leste
128
1
Togo
166
1
Tonga
100
0
Trinidad and Tobago
64
0
Tunisia
90
0
Turkey
69
0
Turkmenistan
103
1
Uganda
164
0
Ukraine
83
0
United Arab Emirates
40
0
United Kingdom
14
0
United States
5
0
Uruguay
50
2
Uzbekistan
116
0
Vanuatu
131
-3
Venezuela (Bolivarian
67 Republic -1
of)
Viet Nam
121
0
Yemen
154
0
Zambia
141
2
Zimbabwe
156
4