-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 3 -V-™„j 2007 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Sampada: It's you Sanjana. Aren't you sup- know.

posed to be on holiday? How come ( Å´¤†’. ņoô’d äéπ ÇÆæ-éÀh-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç îÁ°æpôç
I see you here now? ( †’¢√y, Ææç-ïØ√? ´’Jî√. äéπ-®ÓV ØËØÌ-éπ\-ü∆ØËo Shopping èπ◊ ¢Á∞«x.
ÂÆ©´¤™x áéπ\-úÕéÓ ¢Á∞«x-´E Åçü¿®Ω÷ ņ’- Åçû√ Å®·† ûª®√yûª Ø√ü¿-í∫_®Ω äéπ\-°j≤ƒèπÿú≈ ™‰ü¿E
éÓ-´ôç ™‰ü∆?/ ņ’-éÌç-ô’-Ø√oÍ®. †’Ny- ví∫£œ«çî√. áçûª É•sç-Cí¬ feel Åߪ÷uØÓ! Å°æ¤púø’
éπ\úø éπE-°œç-îªúøç àçöÀ?) Ö†o-ô’dçúÕ í∫’®Ìh-*açC. Bank card Öçü¿E. Å•s!
Aren't you supposed to be? = Åçü¿®Ω÷ F í∫’Jç* •ßª’-ô-°æ-ú≈f†’ éπü∆ ÅEpç-*çC.)
ņ’-éÓ-´ôç ™‰ü∆? = ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’.) Sampada: I saw a similar situation on the TV
Sanjana: Yea. But we were back the day once. In one of the serials a char-
before yesterday. And on my return I acter eats at a restaurant and see
had to rush to our village to see my that he hasn't a paisa on him.
grand dad. I came back this morning. (ã≤ƒJ TV ™ É™«çöÀ ÆæEo-¢Ë-¨»ØËo ؈’ îª÷¨»†’. äéπ (singular) ÅØË Åçö«ç. ü∆E ´·çü¿’ 'a' ¢√úøç. ÉN ¢√ú≈-Lq† Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’ î√-™« ûª®Ω-îª’í¬ Öçö«®·.
(Å--´¤-†’. -¢Á·-†o -A-JíÌ-î√aç. -¢Áç-ô-ØË Â°-ü¿-Ø√-†o-†’ - Serial ™ ã §ƒvûªü∆®Ω’úø’ £æ«Ùô-™ ¸-ÈéRx Åçû√ A†o Holiday ´·çü¿’ á°æ¤púø÷ on ´Ææ’hçC. Practice -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.
îª÷-úø-ö«-EéÀ -´÷ -ÜÈ®-∞«x-†’. -´’-Sx -Ñ ®Ó-V -§Ò-ü¿’l-ØËo - ûª®√yûª ûª† ü¿í∫_®Ω °j≤ƒ ™‰ü¿E ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊ç-ö«úø’) a) We were on holiday in Kashmir last summer 4) On the beaches of Goa íÓ¢√ -Ææ-´·vü¿ B®Ωç™
-´î√a-.) Sanjana: You know what was on my mind = §Ú®·† ¢ËÆæN™ ¢Ë’´· é¬Qt®Óx í∫úÕ§ƒç (Ö™«x-Ææçí¬) / B®Ω-Ææ-O’-°æç™
Sampada: How is he? (Çߪ’† ᙫ ÖØ√o®Ω’?) then? That I'd be made to do some b) You can't see her for a week. She has gone a) You find beautiful Yellow sands on the
Sanjana: He is quite old you know. He has work there, as they show it in the on holiday = Ç¢Á’†’ O’®Ω’ -¢√®Ωç -´®Ωèπ◊ éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-™‰®Ω’. beaches of the bay of Bengal= •çí¬-∞«-ë«ûªç
been on medicines for three weeks movies. Ç¢Á’ ÂÆ©´¤ (NØÓü¿ N£æ…- B®Ωç ¢Áç•úÕ Åçü¿-¢Á’i† °æÆæ’°æ¤ ÉÆæ’éπûÓ Ææ’çü¿®Ωçí¬
now, and was on liquid diet for a (Å°æ¤púø’ Ø√éÌ-*a† Ç™- ®√© éÓÆæç) °j ¢ÁRxçC. Öç-ô’çC.
whole week the week before last. But àçö ûÁ©’≤ƒ?ÆœE-´÷™x [A holiday= ÂÆ©´¤ ®ÓV ÉN í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ: On the sea coast, on the banks
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 326 plural)
he is on the way to recovery. îª÷°œç-*-†-ô’x Ø√ûÓ àüÁjØ√ (During holidays (Ééπ\úø of a river, etc (†D/-Ææ-´·vü¿ B®Ωç™/ B®Ωç ¢Áç•úÕ
(Çߪ’† î√™« °ü∆l-ߪ’† éπü∆. í∫ûª ´‚úø’ ¢√®√-©’í¬ °æE-îË-®·-≤ƒh-Í®-¢Á÷-†E) = ÂÆ©´¤™x. Å-ØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)
´’çü¿’-©-O’üË ÖØ√oúø’. Åçûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’ ¢√®Ω-´’çû√ Sampada: Thank your Vacation = Nü∆u-©-ߪ÷©’ a) Vijayawada is on the banks of the Krishana
vü¿¢√-£æ…®ΩçûÓØË ÖØ√o-ú≈-ߪ’†.é¬-F -É°æ¤p-úø’ éÓ-©’èπ◊ç--ô’- bank card. It saved you. ü¿Ææ®√, ¢ËÆæ-NéÀ ÉîËa ÂÆ©´¤ ®ÓV©’) (ÉüË Å®ΩnçûÓVijayawada is on the Krishna Å-E
Ø√o-úø’. diet = úøߪ’ö¸ – ǣ慮Ωç/ °æü∑¿uç (®Óí∫’©’ (Bank card Öçôç ´’ç*-üÁjçC. ÅC 2) On my return = AJ-T-®√-í¬ØË, ´*a† èπÿú≈ -Å-ØÌa)
BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË °æJ-N’ûª ǣ慮Ωç) E†’o ®ΩéÀ~ç-*çC.) ¢ÁçôØË. àüÁjØ√ Ææç°∂æ’-ô† ïJ-T† ¢ÁçôØË Hyderabad is on the Musi ™«í¬. ÅçûË-é¬-èπ◊çú≈
Sampada: Glad to hear that. How was your 'on' Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TçîË Ææçü¿-®√s¥© í∫’Jç* ûÁ©’- ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ on ¢√--úøû√ç. úø•’s, Æ洒ߪ’ç äéπ-ü∆-EéÀ ¢Á*aç-îªôç Å-ØË Å®ΩnçûÓ
holiday? Ææ’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√oç éπü∆. Ñ lesson ™ a) On her return home she found all spend on Åçö«ç.
(§ÚF™‰. ÆæçûÓ-≠æ¢Ë’. O’ N£æ…®Ωç ᙫ ÖçC? Å™«çöÀ ´’J-éÌEo Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’ îª÷ü∆lç. doors open and her jewellry missing a) The Government has spent Rs Twenty lakh
M.SURESAN on the project= v°æ¶µº’ûªyç Éçûª-´-
project

We were on holiday in Kashmir

®Ωèπ◊ Ç éÓÆæç ®Ω÷. 20
©éπ~-©’ ê®Ω’a îËÆœçC.
b) He spent a lot of time on
such an unimportant mat-
ter= Å™«çöÀ v§ƒ´·êuç ™‰E
N≠æߪ’ç O’ü¿ Åûª†’ î√™« ÊÆ°æ¤
/ ᙫ ïJ-TçC?) Study the following sentences from the = ÉçöÀéÀ AJT ®√í¬ØË/ ´*a† ¢ÁçôØË, ûª©’-°æ¤-©Fo ûÁ®Ω- í∫úÕ-§ƒúø’
Sanjana: Oh, fine. We enjoyed every minute of conversation above: *-Öç-úøôç, †í¬-†vö« éπE-°œç-îª-éπ-§Ú-´ôç í∫´’-Eç-*çC. 6)... I had not a paise on me.
it. We spent a lot of time on the 1) Aren't you supposed to be on holiday. b) On his arrival here he drove to the hotel = Ø√ ü¿í∫_®Ω °j≤ƒèπÿú≈ ™‰ü¿’
beaches of Goa. Dad's friend here 2) But on my return I had to rush to my village. hotel
Çߪ’-E-éπ\-úÕéÀ îË®Ω-í¬ØË/ îËJ† ¢ÁçôØË car
èπ◊ ™
has a cottage on the coast, and we
úø•’s äéπ-J ü¿í∫_®Ω Öçúøôç/ ™‰éπ-§Ú-´ôç Å-ØË Å®ΩnçûÓ
3) He has been on medicines, and was on liq- ¢Á∞«xúø’. on ¢√-úøû√ç
stayed there. 3) On medicines, on liquid diet, etc.= ´’çü¿’-©ûÓ,
uid diet for a week. a) The cash on me worried me a lot= Ø√ ü¿í∫_®Ω
4) We spent a lot of time on the beaches of
(î√™« Ææ®Ω-ü∆í¬ í∫úÕ-*çC. v°æA-éπ~ùç džç-Cçî√ç. vü¿¢√-£æ…®ΩçûÓ ®ÓV©’ í∫úø-°æôç. Ö†o †í∫ü¿’ Ø√èπ◊ Çü¿’®√l éπL-Tç-*çC.
íÓ¢√ beach ™ î√©-ÊÆ°æ¤ í∫úÕ§ƒç. ´÷ Ø√†o ÊÆo£œ«- Goa. a) The patient has been on antibiotics for the
b) At any time you can find on him at least a
ûª’-úÕéÀ Ææ´·vü¿ B®Ωç™ ã cottage ÖçC. Åéπ\úË 5) Dad's friend has a cottage on the coast. past one week = antibi-
thousand rupees =
Ç ®ÓT ¢√®Ωç ®ÓV-©’í¬ à Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ Å®·Ø√ ¢√úÕ
¢Ë’´·Ø√oç) otics antibiotics
6) I was shocked to find I had not a paisa on 1000
O’ü¿ ÖØ√oúø’/ BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’. ü¿í∫_®Ω éπFÆæç ®Ω÷§ƒ--ߪ’©’ç-ö«®·.
Sampada: What else then? (ÉçÍéçöÀ?) (Antibiotics = ®Óí¬-©†’ éπL-TçîË véÀ´·-©’ (bacte-
me. c) How can you go shopping without money on
Sanjana: Yes, I forget to tell you something ria)†’ îªçÊ° ´’çü¿’©’)
7) I saw similar situation on the TV once. you?= shopping
îËA™ úø•’s ™‰èπ◊çú≈ àN’öÀ?
interesting. One morning I went b) I've been on diet for the past two days. í∫ûª
1) On holiday. Holiday uses of on ¶«í¬ Practice îËߪ’çúÕ
shopping alone at the end of it, I was
Åçõ‰ ûÁ©’Ææ’ éπü∆? ÂÆ©´¤ Ñ
shocked to find I had not a paisa on
®Ó-ïE. Å®·ûË Ñ Ææçü¿s¥ç™ holiday èπ◊ Å®Ωnç È®çúø’ -®Ó-V-©’í¬ °æü∑¿uç °æ¤îª’a-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’/ °æü∑¿uç O’ü¿
ÖØ√o/ °æJ-N’-û√-£æ…®Ωç O’ü¿ ÖØ√o.
me. Felt very embarrassed. Then I
ÂÆ©´¤™x/ ÂÆ©´¤-°öÀd/ ÂÆ©´¤ BÆæ’-èπ◊E, áéπ\-úÕ-ÈéjØ√
NØÓü¿ N£æ…®√©èπ◊ ¢Á∞¡xúøç. É™«çöÀ Å®ΩnçûÓ holiday On liquid diet, on fruit
suddenly remembered I had the
¢√-úÕ-†-°æ¤púø’ ´÷´‚-©’í¬ holidays ņç. Holiday diet, on milk and bread, etc.
bank card. What a relief I felt you

can, helps you to pick up idiomatic expressions in current use.

v°æ¨¡o: 5.Wee Åçõ‰ äéπ Å®Ωnç î√™« ûªèπ◊\´ ÅE /*†o ÅE.In
Read english newspapers, English short stories and novels.
1. Depends on, Depends upon ûËú≈ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. the wee hours of the morning Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç ®√vA 12
This is the best and easiest way to learn idiomatic expres-
2. Articles í∫’Jç* °æ‹Jh Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç ûÁLÊ° °æ¤Ææhéπç à¢Á’iØ√ Öçõ‰ í∫çô©’ ü∆-öÀ-† -ûª-®√yûª, äéπöÀÈ®çúø’ í∫çô© ´®Ωèπ◊.
sions. If you depend only on dictionaries you may know their
ûÁ-©°æçúÕ. 6. English perfect í¬ ´÷ö«x-úËç-ü¿’èπ◊ äéπõ‰ ´÷®Ω_ç – meanings but not always how to use them correctly.
3. Designation -D-E pronunciation -îÁ°æpçúÕ. Å´-鬨¡ç Ö†o-°æ¤p-úø™«x ÉçTx≠ˇ ´÷ö«x-úøôç. O™„j-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x
4. ´’†-Ææ’™ Éçûª ¶«üµ¿ ü∆-èπ◊E ᙫ Öçúø-í∫-©’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤?(-Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™) ÉçTx≠ˇ ≤ÚdK •’é˙q îªü¿-´úøç(*†o *†o ≤ÚdK •’é˙qûÓ
v°æ¨¡o: -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ Question Tags ™‰éπ-§Ú®·-Ø√ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ éπü∆?
5. Ê°°æ-®Ω’™ Wee hours ÅØË °æü¿ç éπ†-°æ-úø’-ûª’çC. DE Å®Ωnç àN’öÀ? ¢Á·ü¿-©’-°öÀd) ÉçTx≠ˇ †÷uÆˇ õ„-L-é¬Æˇd N†úøç.
é¬ü∆? åØ√? ™‰ü∆? ÅE ¢√-úø-ôç ÆæÈ®j-†-üË-Ø√?
6. English perfect í¬ -´÷-ö«x-ú≈-©ç-õ‰ -àç -îË-ߪ÷-L? 7. Å™« ¢√éπuç For ûÓ ¢Á·ü¿©¢Ìya. Ééπ\úø For Åçõ‰ –-G.Ææ-Ah-¶«-•’, éπ-úÕ-ߪ’ç
because(Åçü¿’-´©x ÅE/ é¬-•-öÀd ÅE) -ï. î√™« ´’ç* doubt. éπü∆? é¬ü∆? åØ√? ™‰ü∆? ÅE ´’†ç
7. ÉçTx≠ˇ ¶„jG™¸-™ for ûÓ ¢√éπuç ¢Á·ü¿-©-´¤-ûª’çC. ᙫ? ûÁ©’-í∫’™ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ English ™ Question Tags ¢√úø’-ûª’çö«ç. Å®·ûË
>. ¢Áçéπ-õ‰≠ˇ, éπKç-†-í∫®˝ God punished him. For he is a sinner. äéÌ\-éπ\-°æ¤púø’ Question tags ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·-†-°æp-öÀéà ¶µ«´ç ÆæJí¬ ûÁL-Ê°ç-
üË´-úø-ûªEo PéÀ~ç-î√úø’. Åûªúø’ §ƒ°œ 鬕öÀd.
-ï-¢√-•’
v°æ¨¡o: English Idioms ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-´-ú≈-EéÀ 'Cambridge International ü¿’èπ◊ éπü∆ ÅE ¢√úÕûË effective í¬ Öçô’çC. e.g. You have the
1. DEo í∫’Jç* Éçûª-èπ◊´·çüË N´Jçî√ç. money. Why don't you spend it?- DEo ûÁ©’-í∫’™, F ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’sçC.
2.Living English Structure by Stannard Allen. Published by Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs' or 'Cambridge International áçü¿’èπ◊ ê®Ω’a °ôd´¤? ÅØË-™« éπçõ‰ F ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’sçC éπü∆? áçü¿’èπ◊
Dictionary of Idioms' È®çúÕç-öÀ™  àC Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫¢Á÷ ûÁ-©-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’?
Orient Longmans. ê®Ω’a °ôd´¤? Åçõ‰ éÌçîÁç áèπ◊\´ power îª÷°œ-Ææ’hçC éπü∆? Åçü¿’-éπØË
3. dezignei∫n úÁ>-í˚-ØÁ-ß˝’-≠æØ˛ (>, size ™ ñ¸ ™«í¬)
– C´u îªçü¿†, éπ®Ω÷o©’ î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x English ™ Question tags ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, éπü∆? ÅE
You have to use both of them, because not all phrasal verbs ņ’-¢√-ü¿ç™ -îË-Ja ®√≤ƒh®Ω’. English ™ Ö†oC Ö†oô’xí¬ ûÁ©’-í∫’-™éÀ
4. How are you able to get on with your heart burdened with so - ï .
are idioms and not all idioms are phrasal verbs. But more impor-
much of anguish/with such a lot of anguish? ņ’-¢√ü¿ç îËÊÆh ¶µ«´ç ÆæJí¬_ ®√ü¿’.
tant than these books. Your reading as much as English as you

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm