Tabreed Standard Specifications Page 1 of 7 Basic Electrical Methods

Section 16040 June 2009

SECTION 16040
Basic Electrical Methods

PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. General
2. Transformers
3. Medium Voltage Equipment
4. Motor Control Center (MCC)
1.2 REFERENCES
N/A
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Refer to Equipments Standard Specification
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 GENERAL
A. Electrical equipment shall be built in accordance with British Standards (BS) 37, 142, 159, 381C, 3938,
3941, 5227, 5253, 5311, 5490, and Code of Practice (CP) 1014.
B. Procure and install locally available components backed by factory authorized installers that have repair
and replacement parts available within 100 miles, except as specifically noted.
C. Sleeves for raceways and cables:
1. Steel Pipe Sleeves: ASTM A 53/A 53M, Type E, Grade B, Schedule 40, galvanized steel, plain
ends.
2. Cast-Iron Pipe Sleeves: Cast or fabricated "wall pipe," equivalent to ductile-iron pressure pipe, with
plain ends and integral waterstop, unless otherwise indicated.
3. Sleeves for Rectangular Openings: Galvanized sheet steel with minimum 1.3- or 3.5-mm thickness
as indicated and of length to suit application.
2.2 TRANSFORMERS
A. Examination and Coordination
1. Examine areas and conditions for compliance with requirements for medium-voltage transformers.
2. Examine roughing-in of conduits and grounding systems to verify the following:
a. Wiring entries comply with layout requirements.
b. Entries are within conduit-entry tolerances specified by manufacturer and no feeders will have
to cross section barriers to reach load or line lugs.
3. Examine walls, floors, roofs, and concrete bases for suitable mounting conditions where
transformers will be installed.
4. Verify that ground connections are in place and that requirements for Grounding and Bonding have
been met.
5. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
6. Coordinate installation so no piping or conduits are installed in space allocated for medium-voltage
transformers except those directly associated with transformers.
7. Provide support for transformer and its integral support system. Steel bracing supporting the
wheels of the unit shall be suitably sized at a safety factor of 1.5 actual dynamic and static loads.
Trenching design shall not impede transformer installation or future change-out. Support placement
and dimensions shall ensure adequate access, air flow and space for cable placement.
8. Locate transformers clear of any other permanent construction by not less than 1530 mm at back
and sides, and not less than 1830 mm in front.
B. Installation
1. Install transformers on floors and support systems as indicated on drawings and in compliance with
Standard Specification 16072.

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Section 16040 June 2009
2. Maintain minimum clearances and workspace at equipment according to manufacturer's written
instructions and NFPA 70.
3. Comply with manufacturer's instructions related to relaxing tension or removal of shipping hold-
down provisions on sound damping system. Do not obstruct transformer ventilation openings.
4. If conduit connections are used, make conduit connections to transformer cases using flexible
conduit connections. Maintain grounding continuity.
5. Ground Transformer Frames and Secondary Neutrals:
a. For each separately derived system, including transformers, install a grounding electrode
conductor between the system source enclosure ground bus and the ground bus in that room.
b. Connect bonding jumpers electrically ahead of overcurrent or disconnect device or tap
connection such that disconnection of neutral load conductors does not interfere with or
remove the system ground connection. Use separate lugs or taps on transformer neutral
terminals for neutral and bonding jumper connections.
c. Install grounding electrode conductor(s) in PVC or other approved non-metallic conduit where
raceway system is indicated or necessary for conductor installation. Install grounding electrode
conductors without splice from enclosure ground bus to connections in the grounding electrode
system.
d. Make connections to building steel readily accessible for inspection.
e. Size system bonding jumpers in compliance with NEC 250.
6. Install identification nameplates on the front of transformer.
7. Install transformers on floors with mounting provisions as indicated, supporting means and
methods as required for the weights and types of building construction encountered, and in
compliance with building and seismic codes.
8. Frames and Brackets: Where apparatus is to be supported by frames or brackets, furnish supports
fabricated of metal strut sections using fittings and fasteners designed for the application. Size
elements of the bracket or frame to the supported weight plus 50 percent, using the strut
manufacturer's published application data. Anchor support frames and brackets to the floor, metal
wall framing or masonry walls as described above.
9. Identification: Identify field-installed wiring and components and provide warning signs as specified
in Division 16 Section Basic Electrical Materials and Methods and Electrical Identification.
C. Connections
1. Terminate medium voltage conductors in termination spaces provided on the transformers.
2. Bond secondary neutral points to the neutral grounding resistors, for medium voltage cast resin
transformers, and connect the case grounding stud directly to the MGB as specified in
Specification no 0016-47EG-0060. Ground cables are to be in PVC conduits or mechanically
protected cables.
3. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening
values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A and UL
486B.
4. Extend wiring from high limit thermostat to main switchboard and terminate on labeled terminal
strip. Alarm wiring beyond the switchboard is described in Plant Control System.
D. Adjusting
1. Adjust voltage taps as required to assure proper voltages.
2. Refinish and restore damaged electrical equipment to original condition. Remove rust and prime
and paint as recommended by manufacturer to result in finish equal to original.
E. Cleaning
1. Vacuum clean transformers, including coils, before energizing.
F. Field Quality Control
1. Manufacturer's Field Service: Engage a factory-authorized service representative to inspect, test,
and adjust field-assembled components and equipment installation, including connections, and to
assist in field testing. Report results in writing.
2. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified testing and inspecting agency to perform the following field
tests and inspections and prepare test reports:
a. After installing transformers but before primary is energized, verify that grounding system at
substation is tested at specified value or less.
b. After installing transformers and after electrical circuitry has been energized, test for
compliance with requirements.
c. Perform electrical test and visual and mechanical inspection stated in NETA ATS, Section 7.2.
d. Certify compliance with test parameters.

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Section 16040 June 2009
e. Test and adjust controls and safeties.
f. Replace damaged and malfunctioning controls and equipment.
3. Secure the services of the manufacturer's technical representative or those of an independent
testing firm to perform certain acceptance tests, listed below.
a. For new material and equipment, correct conditions found not complying with the specified test
values.
b. Report test results, including defects found, repairs and re-tests.
c. Tests are International Electrical Testing Association standard tests.
4. Tests shall include:
a. Visual and Mechanical Inspection
1) Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
2) Inspect physical, electrical, and mechanical condition.
3) Verify that control and alarm settings on temperature indicators are as specified.
4) Verify that cooling fans operate and that fan motors have correct overcurrent protection.
5) Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the following
methods: Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.2.1.2.2
(Electrical Tests); Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated
torque-wrench method in accordance with manufacturers published data; or Perform
thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.
5. Perform specific inspections and mechanical tests as recommended by manufacturer.
6. Verify that resilient mounts are free and that any shipping brackets have been removed.
7. Verify that the core, frame, and enclosure groundings are correct.
8. Verify that as-left tap connections are as specified.
G. Electrical Tests
1. Perform insulation-resistance tests winding-to-winding and each winding-to-ground with test voltage
in accordance with the standard.
2. Calculate polarization index.
3. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-resistance ohmmeter, if
applicable, in accordance with Section 7.2.1.2.1 (Visual and Mechanical inspection).
4. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests in accordance with the test equipment
manufacturers published data.
5. Perform a turns-ratio test on all tap connections. Verify that winding polarities are in accordance
with nameplate.
6. Perform an excitation-current test on each phase.
7. Measure the resistance of each winding at each tap connection.
8. Measure core insulation resistance at 500 volts dc if core is insulated and if the core ground strap is
removable.
9. Perform an over potential test on all high- and low-voltage windings-to-ground.
10. Verify correct secondary voltage phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral after energization and prior
to loading.
H. Test Values
1. Compare bolted connection resistances to values of similar connections.
2. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in
the manufacturers published data. If manufacturers data is not available, investigate any values
which deviate from similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
3. Insulation-resistance test values at one minute should not be less than the values calculated in
accordance with the standard.
4. The polarization index shall be greater than 1.0 and shall be recorded for future reference.
5. Turns-ratio test results shall not deviate more than one-half percent from either the adjacent coils
or the calculated ratio.
6. CH and CL dissipation-factor/power-factor values will vary due to support insulators and bus work
utilized on dry transformers. The following is expected on CHL power factors:
7. Power Transformers: one percent or less
8. Distribution Transformers: three percent or less
a. Consult transformer manufacturers or test equipment manufacturers data for additional
information.
9. Winding resistance test results, after factoring in temperature corrections, should compare within
one percent of factory obtained results except in instances of extremely low resistance values.

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Section 16040 June 2009
10. Typical excitation current test data pattern for a three-legged core transformer is two similar current
readings and one lower current reading.
11. Core insulation resistance values should be comparable to factory obtained results but not less
than one megohm at 500 volts dc.
12. AC overpotential test shall not exceed 75 percent of factory test voltage for one minute duration.
DC overpotential test shall not exceed 100 percent of the factory RMS test voltage for one minute
duration. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.
I. Remove malfunctioning units, replace with new units, and retest as specified above.
1. Test Reports: Prepare written reports to record the following:
a. Test procedures used.
b. Test results that comply with requirements.
c. Test results that do not comply with requirements and corrective actions taken to achieve
compliance with requirements.
J. Follow-up Service
1. Voltage Monitoring and Adjusting: If requested by Owner, perform the following voltage monitoring
after Substantial Completion but not more than six months after Final Acceptance:
a. During a period of normal load cycles as evaluated by Owner, perform seven days of three-
phase voltage recording at secondary terminals of each transformer. Use voltmeters with
calibration traceable to National Institute of Science and Technology standards and with a chart
speed of not less than 25 mm per hour. Voltage unbalance greater than 1 percent between
phases, or deviation of any phase voltage from nominal value by more than plus or minus 5
percent during test period, is unacceptable.
b. Corrective Actions: If test results are unacceptable, perform the following corrective actions, as
appropriate:
1) Adjust transformer taps.
2) Prepare written request for voltage adjustment by electric utility.
c. Retests: After corrective actions have been performed, repeat monitoring until satisfactory
results are obtained.
2. Infrared Scanning: Perform as specified in Division 16 Section "Medium-Voltage Switchgear."
2.3 MEDIUM VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT
A. Examination
1. Examine areas and conditions under which Work is to be performed and identify conditions
detrimental to proper or timely completion. Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions have
been corrected.
B. Installation
1. Anchor enclosures to supporting concrete pads, or as detailed on the drawings.
2. Protect switchgear during construction with covering to keep it clean and dry. Provide heat
necessary to eliminate condensation.
3. Coordinate raceway entry into switchgear so that sections with spare devices, or provision for future
devices, have adequate accessible space in raceway entry areas for future raceway.
4. Ground switchboard frames and metal raceway entering switchboards as described in Specification
16060.
a. Provide 2- 8mm bonding jumpers, to the building steel, from each indoor line-up,
b. Bond battery rack to switchboard ground bus.
5. Make connections in switchboards complete and secure before energizing and install or tighten
fasteners with torques as recommended by the manufacturer.
6. In fusible switches, install fuses specified. Indicate fuse amperage, and type using adhesive labels
supplied by the fuse manufacturer, affixed to the inside of each switch cover.
7. Mount and make connections to instrument transformers and meters as directed and/or furnished
by Utility. Provide all cutouts and drilling required.
8. Coordinate connection of remote metering and alarms described in Plant Controls Section.
9. Label feeder conduit entering and leaving switchgear.
C. Installation
1. Verify numbering, routing and points of connection of feeders.
2. Guard edges and restore finish of new openings made in existing enclosures.
3. Close abandoned openings in boxes or enclosures with steel bolted plates finished to match
existing materials.

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D. Field Quality Control
1. Secure the services of the manufacturer's technical representative, or those on an independent
testing firm, to perform acceptance tests equal to NETA procedures.
2. Check wire-to-wire phasing of high voltage terminals across any breaker or switch permitting
parallel connection to another source, including connections made via low voltage ties and ties
which are key-interlocked to prevent unintentional paralleling.
a. Where the equipment does not permit paralleling (including unintentional paralleling) check
phase rotation.
3. Perform, or assist in the performance of, any testing required by the Electrical Utility.
4. Adjust pick-up and time delay settings, as directed, and calibrate the proprietary and remote
metering.
5. Where differential current sensing is employed, test relay performance by primary current insertion
at each individual current transformer.
6. Test the operation and calibration of new and re-worked protective relays prior to closing their
respective breakers.
E. Demonstrations (POI)
1. Demonstrate the operation of the medium voltage switching and have Owner's personnel conduct
"Hands-On" open, close, trip and reset procedures.
2. Demonstrate the operation of protective relays.
3. Demonstrate the operation of key interlocks.

2.4 MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS (MCC)
A. Examination
1. Examine areas and conditions under which Work is to be performed and identify conditions
detrimental to proper or timely completion. Do not proceed until unsatisfactory conditions have
been corrected.
B. Installation - Starters
1. MCC's shall be anchored to concrete pads as described in specification no 0016-47EG-072.
2. Provide motor branch circuit connections to starters and to their respective motors.
3. Adjust motor starter overload parameters for each motor's full load current rating, and service
factor.
C. Installation - Controls
1. Provide or install certain control devices and make certain control connections, outside of starters,
as indicated in drawings or Specifications.
2. Modify factory control wiring within starters, as required by the control sequence.
3. Verify the number of N.O. and N.C. auxiliary contacts required for each starter.
4. Make connections between starter and contactor coils and their respective control power
disconnects, described above.
5. Connect control power sources so that when the branch circuit to the electrically powered
equipment is disconnected, the control power is also disconnected.
6. When control power is obtained from a source other than the equipment branch circuit, provide
auxiliary contacts integral with the equipment's branch circuit disconnect or, when the disconnect's
design does not allow this, provide a lockable, labeled control power disconnect immediately
adjacent to the equipment branch circuit disconnect.
D. Emergency Stop
1. Provide EMERGENCY STOP control devices, at all motors which are remote from starters. Mount
devices in surface outlet boxes in unfinished areas and flush in finished areas immediately
adjacent to the motors. When flush mounted, install coverplates as specified in specification no
0016-47EG-0140 or control manufacturers' flush coverplates, as applicable. Engrave cover plates
or label devices with a minimum 25mm by 100mm red engraved plastic label, or manufacturers
equal with minimum 6mm lettering, in English.
2. Label control wiring, consistent with the labeling similar to such for controls wiring provided by
Control Contractor.
E. Field Quality Control
1. Verify correct the rotation of each motor before permitting its operation.
2. Demonstrate the proper operation of each motor and its controls in all modes.

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Section 16040 June 2009
3. Advise Tabreed at least 7 days in advance of scheduled times of performance tests.
F. Special Reports
1. Prepare and submit Equipment Data Sheet tabulating the following information, for each starter and
variable frequency drive installed:
a. Equipment Identification
b. Motor Nameplate Voltage
c. Motor Nameplate Horsepower
d. Motor Nameplate Full Load Current
e. Motor Service Factor
f. Starter Manufacturer
g. Starter Overload Setting
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
A. Painting
1. Contractor shall restore any equipment or building finish that has sustained damage.
2. Refinish and restore to match original finish.
3. Materials and workmanship to match manufacturers' specifications.
B. Installation
1. Comply with NECA 1-2000, Standard Practices for Good Workmanship in Electrical Contracting
(ANSI) Published: 2000.
2. Coordinate with other contractors to keep access areas around mechanical and electrical
equipment requiring periodic maintenance or inspections clear of ducts, pipes, conduit and similar
obstructions.
3. Coordinate installation of all ductwork and piping installed by others to keep code required
clearances around electrical panels, etc.
4. The Contractor to provide all labor and materials to receive, unload, rigging into building, cranes
and all other equipment required for a complete cooling plant and electrical generation system as
shown or described.
5. Conduits shall be concealed within the existing building construction in all finished areas and clear
of walkways, work areas and equipment in unfinished areas.
6. Measure indicated mounting heights to bottom of unit for suspended items and to center of unit for
wall-mounting items.
7. Headroom Maintenance: If mounting heights or other location criteria are not indicated, arrange
and install components and equipment to provide maximum possible headroom consistent with
these requirements.
8. Equipment: Install to facilitate service, maintenance, and repair or replacement of components of
both electrical equipment and other nearby installations. Connect in such a way as to facilitate
future disconnecting with minimum interference with other items in the vicinity.
9. Right of Way: Precedence shall be given to piping systems installed at a required slope.
C. Sleeve installations:
1. Electrical penetrations occur when raceways, cables, wireways, cable trays, or busways penetrate
concrete slabs, concrete or masonry walls, or fire-rated floor and wall assemblies.
2. Coordinate sleeve selection and application with selection and application of firestopping specified
in Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems."
3. Concrete Slabs and Walls: Install sleeves for penetrations unless core-drilled holes or formed
openings are used. Install sleeves during erection of slabs and walls.
4. Use pipe sleeves unless penetration arrangement requires rectangular sleeved opening.
5. Rectangular Sleeve Minimum Metal Thickness:
a. For sleeve cross-section rectangle perimeter less than 1270 mm and no side greater than 400
mm, thickness shall be 1.3 mm.
b. For sleeve cross-section rectangle perimeter equal to, or greater than, 1270 mm and 1 or more
sides equal to, or greater than, 400 mm, thickness shall be 3.5 mm.
c. Fire-Rated Assemblies: Install sleeves for penetrations of fire-rated floor and wall assemblies
unless openings compatible with firestop system used are fabricated during construction of
floor or wall.
6. Cut sleeves to length for mounting flush with both surfaces of walls.

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Section 16040 June 2009
7. Extend sleeves installed in floors 50 mm above finished floor level.
8. Interior Penetrations of Non-Fire-Rated Walls and Floors: Seal annular space between sleeve and
raceway or cable, using joint sealant appropriate for size, depth, and location of joint. Refer to
Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants" for materials and installation.
9. Fire-Rated-Assembly Penetrations: Maintain indicated fire rating of walls, partitions, ceilings, and
floors at raceway and cable penetrations. Install sleeves and seal raceway and cable penetration
sleeves with firestop materials. Comply with Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop
Systems."
10. Roof-Penetration Sleeves: Seal penetration of individual raceways and cables with flexible boot-
type flashing units applied in coordination with roofing work.
11. Aboveground, Exterior-Wall Penetrations: Seal penetrations using sleeves and mechanical sleeve
seals. Select sleeve size to allow for 25-mm annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for
installing mechanical sleeve seals.
12. Underground, Exterior-Wall Penetrations: Install cast-iron "wall pipes" for sleeves. Size sleeves to
allow for 25-mm annular clear space between raceway or cable and sleeve for installing
mechanical sleeve seals.
13. Sleeve-seal installation:
a. Install to seal underground, exterior wall penetrations.
b. Use type and number of sealing elements recommended by manufacturer for raceway or cable
material and size. Position raceway or cable in center of sleeve. Assemble mechanical sleeve
seals and install in annular space between raceway or cable and sleeve. Tighten bolts against
pressure plates that cause sealing elements to expand and make watertight seal.
D. Firestopping:
1. Apply firestopping to electrical penetrations of fire-rated floor and wall assemblies to restore original
fire-resistance rating of assembly. Firestopping materials and installation requirements are
specified in Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. All works shall be done in accordance with Standard Specifications, drawings and Manufacturers
recommendations.
3.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
A. Store equipment protected from weather and so condensation will not form on or in units. Provide
temporary heating according to manufacturer's written instructions.
3.4 FINAL CLEANING
A. Equipment Cleanup: Thoroughly clean electrical materials, equipment, and apparatus free of dust, dirt,
rust, and foreign materials before acceptance.
B. Clean panelboards, switchgear, motor controls, etc. Take special care to remove dirt, mortar, wire
scraps, etc., from equipment interiors.
C. Clean accessible elements of disconnecting and protective devices of equipment, coils of dry type
transformers, etc. with compressed air (less than 15 psi), and vacuum clean enclosures prior to being
energized.
D. Thoroughly clean light fixtures and lamps prior to final inspection. Clean fixture enclosures, shielding,
etc., by approved method.
END OF SECTION