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WATER FARE METER

INTRODUCTION:-
Like petrol, electrically, telephone bills, the municipal or
MIDC water bills are calculated proportionally with ref to the utilization. In
existing practice, domestic areas hae no water measurement systems.
!illing is charged randomly depending up out drain size.
!ut such type of system is not so accurate. "ence some
measurement system is to be implemented. #his system should be proiding
the water utilized and accordingly, calculated the bills. #his creates a
tendency for user not to utilize the water more than re$uirement and the
water shortage will be minimized and accurate bills against usage of water
will be there. #he block diagram of such a system can be implemented as
shown in below.
%s shown in block diagram, a turbine type paddle wheel
will be located inside the water flow pipe. #his turbine will be rotated with
the water flow. #he speed of rotation will also depend on the flow. #he
blades of the turbine will be sensed by a proximity detector and it will output
logic pulses.
#he fre$uency of pulses will depend upon the water flow.
%t the output of sensor, there is signal digitizer which conert the sensor
signal into &'( logic which is compatible to ##L. #hese )*' ( pulses are
gien to a +ing Counter. It is CD,-./, diided by .- counters. %nd will
produce a single pulse at the output after getting .- pulses at the input.
Municipal 0ources
#urbine #ype
1addle 2heel
0L 3 .--
(CC CD ,-./
)4 3 )55
(ale
2ater 6tilized
1 &.7(
&'(
4
Litres
5are Display
#his .-8. pulse ration will be gien to the !CD counter
i.e. CD,'.9, through a 4%4D gate. CD ,'.9 will generate !CD signals at
the output. #he !CD signals will be gien to the !CD to / segment decoder
: display drier, which will drie a / segment display. #hus, it becomes a
0ensor
0ignal
Digitizer
Dii
1ulse
Inerter
7 Input
4%4D
;ate
!inary to
!CD
Counter
!CD to /
0egments
CD ,'..
2ater Measured
Display
5are
Calculator
Diide
by .-
counters
CD ,-./
diides
by 7
C4#+
+egulated
1ower 0upply
counter. %fter eery .- pulse input, the display is incremented by .. 2e say
that, for -. Litre water flow, the sensor generates .- pulses.
0imultaneously, the sensor pulses are double diided by
ring counter, which are gien to a separate !CD counter. !ut the ratio of
indication is .87. #hat means for two litres of water the fare will be
incremented by +s. .. It can be changed as per re$uirement.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:-
.< Logic = %nalog & Digital.
7< 1arameter = 5low.
>< 0ensor = #urbine type.
,< Display = -.'? L@D
'< 0upply 3 &'(, &.7(.
A< IC08 ''', CD ,-./, CD ,'.9, CD,-B>, CD ,'.., /9-', /9.7.
Advantages:-
.< %ccurate billing 7< 2astage aoided >< Digital display ,< +eadable
'< Deeloped using readily aailable components.
Disadvantages:-
.< %t power failure the reading resets to zero.
Appliati!ns:-
.< Domestic 7< Industrial >< Market ,< Commercial etc.
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