A

c
Area of concrete
A
cc
Area of concrete in compression
A
s
Area of tension reinforcement
A
s min
Minimum area of tension reinforcement
a
v
Length of that part of member traversed by shear failure plane
b With (breath) or effective width of section
c Cover to outer diameter
d Effective depth of section
F
c
Basic force used in defining compressive forces
F
t
Basic force used in defining tie forces
f
cu
Characteristic strength of concrete
f
s
Estimated design service stress in the tension reinforcement
f
y
Characteristic strength of reinforcement
G Shear modulus
H Maximum horizontal force
H
x
Horizontal force in x direction
H
y
Horizontal force in y direction
h Overall depth
KEL Knife edge load
L Critical perimeter
l
x
Dimension of element on x direction
l
y
Dimension of element on y direction
l
z
Dimension of element on z direction
M Design ultimate resistance moment
M
x
Moment on x axis
M
y
Moment on y axis
M
z
Moment on z axis
q Surcharge load
r Internal radius of bend
SLS Serviceability limit state
T Traction force
t Thickness of the element
ULS Ultimate limit state
V Shear force due to design ultimate loads or design ultimate value of a
concentrated load
v Design shear stress
vc Design shear stress in concrete
x Neutral axis depth
x' Distance from Y axis to the centroid of an element
y' Distance from X axis to the centroid of an element
z Lever arm
z' Distance from X - Y plane to point where the considered resultant
force acting
Coefficient, variously defined, as appropriate
Strain in tension reinforcement
Nominal range of movement
Soil friction angle, or diameter
Active earth pressure
Unit weight of soil
Partial load factor
Partial load factor
CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU (CECB)
D
E
C
EPC DIVISION
Designed
Job Code
Checked
Date
Page
DESIGN UNIT
Doc. No.
Date
Output Reference Calculation

fL

3 f

Page
Date EPC DIVISION Checked
Doc. No.
Reference Calculation
Date Designed
Output
D
E
C
DESIGN UNIT
CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU (CECB) Job Code
Calculation Output
Doc. No.
Reference
EPC DIVISION Checked
DESIGN UNIT
D
E
C
Designed
Date
Job Code
Date
Page CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU (CECB)
Reference
EPC DIVISION
Calculation Output
Doc. No.
Job Code
Date DESIGN UNIT Designed
Checked Date
Page
D
E
C CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU (CECB)
Job Code
Reference Calculation Output
Page
Doc. No.
D
E
C
DESIGN UNIT Designed
CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU (CECB)
Date
EPC DIVISION Checked Date
Figure 01
Dimentional Properties
= m
= m
Soil Cover , = m
Safe Bearing Pressure = kN/m2
Section Thickness = m ( hw , h = span/(10 ~15))
Main R/F = mm
Cover to R/F = mm
Grade of Concrete = N/mm2
Properties of Soil
c = kN/m3
s = kN/m3
w = kN/m3
' =
o
1 - Permanent Loads
Dead Loads
The nominal dead load consist of the weight of the materials and the
part of the structure
Structural Unit Weight of Concrete shall be taken as 24 kN/m3
Engineering Because of the arching of soil, check whether the depth above culvert is
Design in > 3 x width of culvert ( in which case limit depth to 3 x width )
preactice
(Roger - Depth of cover (H)
=
m
westbrook) 3 x width
=
3 x
(page-94) = m
3 x width < = m So
Depth limited to = m
Surcharge on Roof
Surcharge Presure (qr) = x
qr = kN/m2
Soil
Engineering Casses of conduit installation consider as Ditch Conduit
(Spangler & Ditch Conduit
Handy) A ditch conduit is defined as one which is instaled in a relatively narrow
ditch dug in passive or undisturbed soil and which is then covered with earth
backfill.
H
Checked Date
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code Page 1
Ceylon Electricity Board Doc. No.
C
E
B
Dam Safety Designed S.M.P Date 31.05.2010
Environmental &
4.8
24
Output
Design of Box Culvert
4.8 20
Reference Calculation
7.2
1.2
1.5
0.2
7.2
150
h
l
20
25
1.1
96
9.81
1.6
4.8
7.2
12
45
25
Y
hs
hw
Ground Level
hs
hw
A B
D C
H
l
h
X
Maximum load on ditch condition
Depth of cover = m
Surcharge on Roof
Surcharge Presure (qr) ,
(qr) = C
d
..B
d
2
1-e
-2K
'
(H/Bd)
' = tan '
K =
' - coedicient of friction between fill material
and side of ditch
K - Active Lateral earth pressure coeficient
B
d
- Horizontal width of ditch at top of conduit
- Unit weight (wet density) of filling material
H - Height of fill above top of conduite
Cd - Load coeficient for ditch condition
So, K = Bd = m, Consider 1m length of Roof slab
=
' = tan '
=
2.K.'.(H/Bd) =
Cd =
(qr) = C
d
..B
d
2
(qr) = kN/m2
Structural Horizontal Earth Pressure
Engineering
Design in If the backfill properties are known,
preactice If wall friction is to be ignored
(Roger -
westbrook) K
0
= 1-sin ' =
(page-94) K
a
= ( 1-sin ' ) / ( 1+sin ' ) =
q max =
= x x
= kN/m2
qep = x x
= kN/m2
q = qmax - qep
q = kN/m2
Reference Calculation Output
( = 0 )
1.2
Ceylon Electricity Board Doc. No.
S.M.P Date
Environmental & Checked Date
C
E
B
Dam Safety
.Ka.h
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code Page 1
31.05.2010 Designed
9.1
73.9
20 0.41 1.9
58.44
0.58
0.41
15.42
20 0.41
7.2
2.K.'
=
0.466
0.76
3.60
1.403
101.0
Cd
1-sin
1+sin
1-sin
1+sin
0.406
AASHTO 2 - Vertical Live Loads
3.7.1
For Fill Depths H 8 feet (2400 mm) and Culvert Clear Span Length,
The effect of live load is neglected in design when the depth of fill is more than
8 feet
3 - Hydrostatic Pressure (Internal)
q ip = C.h
= x
= kN/m2
4 - Analysis
Reinforced
Concrete Constant K = h hs 3 =
Designers l hw
Manual k1 = =
(ref-5.1) k3 = =
k5 = =
k7 = =
k8 = =
Load Case -01 Testing Condition
4.1.1 Hydrostatic Pressure-(Internal)
Reinforced = = qip.h
2
.K.k7
Concrete
Designers = kN.m/m
Manual
(ref-5.1) = = Ma. K8
= kN.m/m
4.1.2 Flexure due to weight of wall
Wall weight ( G ) = hw..h q1 = 2.G = kN/m2
= kN/m l.hw
Reinforced
Concrete = = q1.l
2
.K
Designers 12.k1.k3
Manual = kN.m/m
(ref-5.1)
= = Ma. K5
= kN.m/m
4.1.3 Flexure due to weight of Roof
q = hs.c = kN/m2
0.22
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code
MC MD
-0.97
Checked
4.8
k7
1.22
8.2
MA MB
10.20
60.k1.k3
0.99
MC MD
K
4.21
5.43
9.43
11.64
MB MA
{ }
1.21
K+1
K+3
2K+3
2K+7
4.1
3K+8
Reference Calculation Output
31.05.2010
Environmental &
Doc. No.
1.7
2.21
2
S.M.P Date
Date
Page
C
E
B
Dam Safety Designed
9.81
16.68
A B
D C
qip
q = qip
B.M.D
Pressures
A B
D C
q1
G G
B.M.D Pressures
= = =
= q.l
2
12.k1
= kN.m/m
Addition of moment for Load case 01
Table - 01
Fixed end mement of the wall for Hydrostatic load
MA = MC =
= kN.m/m = kN.m/m
Maximum (-ve) moment =
(Where x is 0.45L from C)
= kN.m/m
* Calculation of moment at mid span of walls done by aproximatly by adding
moment transferred to mid span from FEM to the Maximum negative meoment
occurred at 0.45L after moment distribution
** Moment at mid span of the wall is calculated by considering full bending
Calculation of midspan moment due to wall load
Niutral axis depth from A = m
Load Case -02 Culvert empty and trench filled
Lateral soil pressurees giving rise to flexture in the structure
"q"is the rectanguler pressure and "qep" is the triangular pressure
4.2.1 Trianguler Pressure,qep
Reinforced
Concrete = = qep.h
2
.K.k7
Designers
Manual = kN.m/m
(ref-5.1)
= = MA. K8
= kN.m/m
k7
-1.13
MA MB
60.k1.k3
10
Walls
middle
1.4
4.2
0.26
15
W.L
-1.0
1.61
W.L
-0.35 -0.73
1.45
W.L
2.41
-2.88 -0.38
3.29 5.00
**
1.4
1.4
0.82
-1.02 -3.90
Base mid-
Span
1.22 1.4 1.70 2.35 1.4
**
0.82 1.53
**
-1.85 -0.15
Roof mid-
Span
0.99 1.4 1.38 0.22 1.04 2.83
-0.19 1.19
C and D 1.22 1.4 1.70 -0.97 -0.35 -1.32 1.4
Hydrost-
atic
f
uls-
Mb
Walls
-0.14 1.4
MB MC MD
-0.35
A and B 0.99 1.4 1.38 0.22
Position
Date
23.3
Reference Calculation Output
uls-
Mb
Total
uls
-0.35
Roof
Walls +
Roof
f
MA
-2.06
*
Page 3
Doc. No.
C
E
B
Dam Safety Designed S.M.P 31.05.2010
Checked Date
Civil Structure Maintanance
Environmental &
MC MD
Job Code
-0.91
A B
D C qep qep
B.M.D Pressures
A B
D C
q = q1
B.M.D
Pressures
4.2.2 Surcharge on walls,q
= = =
Reinforced = q.h
2
.K
Concrete 12.k1
Designers = kN.m/m
Manual 4.2.3 Surcharge on Roof ,qr
(ref-5.1) = = =
= q.l
2
12.k1
= kN.m/m
Addition of moment for Load Case 2
Fixed end mement of the wall due to qep
MA = MC =
= kN.m/m = kN.m/m
Maximum (-ve) moment =
(Where x is 0.45L from C)
= kN.m/m
Load Case -03
4.2.1 This is load case 02 + Hydrostatic load from Load case 01
MD MA MB
-7.72
MC
Output
MA MB MC MD
q
Walls &
Roof(LC-1)
Surcharg -
e (Roof)
Total
(Survice)
f
Total
U.L.S.
Checked Date
Walls middle -0.73
15 10
-2.88 6.43
16.83
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code Page 4
C
E
B
Dam Safety Designed
14.96
Roof mid-
Span
S.M.P
Doc. No.
Date 31.05.2010
Environmental &
Total (U.L.S.)
A and B -16.22 1.38 -21.32
-22.96
0.99 -15.23 -22.70
Hydrost.
(U.L.S.)
1.22 12.02 15.12
Base mid-
Span
10.80
9.31 6.65 4.59 Walls middle
1.70
-2.06
C and D -17.62 1.70
0.99 10.69 13.58 9.70 1.38
1.22 -16.40 -24.66
Hydrost.
(Service)
Total
(Service)
L.C.02
(U.L.S.)
Posotion
L.C.02
(Service)
4.2
Posotion
-1.32 -7.45
A and B
C and D
Reference Calculation
-7.45
qep
-22.70
-17.62 1.4 -24.66
-16.22 1.4
Roof mid-
Span
Base mid-
Span
-0.91 -7.72 -0.14 -7.45
-1.13 -7.72
1.4 15.12
-0.91 -7.72 1.04 17.29 9.70 1.4
W.L W.L
* **
13.58
-1.13 -7.72 2.35 17.29 10.80
1.43 13.39
-7.45 6.65 1.4 9.31
1.49 2.23
W.L
23.3
-1.0
A B
D C
B.M.D
Pressures
Pressures
A B
D C
B.M.D
5 - Check on ground safe bearing pressure
Load Case -01
Hydrostatic Pressure = kN/m2
Weight of walls = kN/m2
Weight of Roof + Floor = kN/m2
Total Pressure = kN/m2
Total Pressure < kN/m2
Load Case -02
Weight of walls = kN/m2
Weight of Roof + Floor = kN/m2
Surcharge on Roof = kN/m2
Total Pressure = kN/m2
Total Pressure < kN/m2
Load Case -03
Weight of walls = kN/m2
Weight of Roof + Floor = kN/m2
Surcharge on Roof = kN/m2
Hydrostatic Pressure = kN/m2
Total Pressure = kN/m2
Total Pressure < kN/m2
6 - U.L.S. of Flexture
Maximum Moments kN.m/m
i - Slabs
Maximum Moment = kN.m/m
Member
(L.C-03)
(L.C-01)
(L.C-02)
(L.C-02)
Roof
Base
Walls
-24.66 16.83
24.15
-24.66 9.31
Sagging Hogging
(L.C-03)
(L.C-02)
16.68
hence ok 150
hence ok 150
-22.70 14.96
5.2
Reference
115.80
5.3
10.20
9.60
36.48
hence ok 150
10.20
9.60
96.00
Calculation Output
Doc. No.
5.1
16.68
10.20
C
E
B
Dam Safety Designed S.M.P
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code
96.00
122.28
Date 31.05.2010
Environmental & Checked Date
Page 5
9.60
6 - Design Calculation for Box Culvert
U.L.S. of Flexture
Analysis was carried out for several load cases of various loading
arrangements to find out the maximum effect on the Box culvert
Diameter of main reinforcement = mm
Diameter of secondary reinforcement = mm
Section Thickness = mm
Maximum Bending Moment = kN.m/m
Assume severe environment condition, for driving rain
Cover = mm
Effective depth, d = - 45 - 6 d =
=
k = M / (bd
2
f
cu
) 2
= (24.15x10
6
/(1000x149
2
x25)
= <
Hence no compression r/f is required
M = (0.87f
y
)A
s
z
equation 1
z = (1 - 1.1f
y
A
s
/ f
cu
bd) d equation 5 from these two equations
z = d (0.5+(0.25-k/0.9)
1/2
z = d [0.5+(0.25-0.044/0.9)
1/2
=
<
d
Take Z as 0.95d
Z = d
= x = mm
Design of main reinforcement
A
s = M / 0.87f
y
z
= 24.15 x10
6
/ 0.87x460x142
A
s req =
=
mm
2
/m
mm
2
/m
Use T @ ( As =
mm
2
/m
A
s pro
=
mm
2
/m
Minimum area of main rainforcement for slabs
100A
s
/ b
a
d = 100x452/(1000x149) = ## Main r/f
T @
Hence o.k
Design for Shear Reinforcement
Check shear in U.L.S. on roof and floor slabs
Take Load case 02
Shear across support = ( - Wt of Base x f )
= kN/m2
Therefore shear in the support = x 1.2 /2
= kN/m
115.80
109.08
109.08
65.45
12
Dam Safety Designed S.M.P Date 31.05.2010
250
0.30 0.13
0.044
426
12 250 452
426
452
0.95
0.95 149 142
141.41
6.1.1
149 mm
149 mm
0.156
0.950
200
12
200
Reference Calculation Output
Doc. No.
12
6
45
Environmental & Checked Date
Civil Structure Maintanance Job Code Page
6.1
6.2
C
E
B
24.15
Design shear force, V design = kN/m
Effective depth, d = mm
Tension steel across shear plane = Y12 -250 c/c
100 As/bd =
=
BS 8110 Effective depth = mm
Part 01 vc = 0.79x{(100As/bd)
1/3.
(400/d)
1/4
/1.25
table 3.1 =
Design shear stress v = V/bd
= (65.45x10
3
)/(1000x149)
=
v < vc Hence o.k
Check in U.L.S. on the ability of the wall to trasmit the axial loads
Bs 8110 Treat as a column with bending at right angle to wall
3.9.3.6.2 Check h/hw = /
3.4.4.1 = <
hence column is short
BS 8110 indicates that the effect of the axial load may be ignored if this force does
not exceed 0.1.fcu.(c.s.a.)
hence 0.1.fcu.(C.S.A) = x x
= kN/m
Ultimate Load /m/Wall = x x 1.4
+ x x 24x1.4 )
= kN/m < kN/m
hence o.k.
The above calculation assumes that the wall is cosidered as reignfoced and not
mass concrete
vertical R/F provided = Y @ 2 Layers
so Area = mm2
Percentage of Concrete area = x
x
= % > %
> Minimum of 0.4% hence o.k.
6.3
Doc. No.
1000x149
1/2( 96.0
Environmental &
Civil Structure Maintanance
Output
149
0.54
Job Code
S.M.P Date
0.30
65.45
149
N/mm
2
7
Designed
Page
0.2
31.05.2010
Checked Date
Dam Safety
Reference Calculation
200
600
C
E
B
1.7
1.7
0.44
100 x 452
This is
0.4 0.76
12
0.1 30
8.5
0.2
1131.0
1131.0 100
1000 149
1.7
120 600
12 200
Checked Date
31.05.2010
Reference Output
Doc. No.
Calculation
Page 8
Dam Safety
Environmental &
Civil Structure Maintanance
C
E
B
Designed S.M.P Date
Job Code