t92

FRAME STABIUTY
K
0s
SIDESWAY UNINHIBITED
9'
to
?.0
6.0
t0
ao
L0
z!
See Not6 tr Fte. C-C2.2a.
LRFD Sperif.orbt jr
Srttrturd St@l B4kdhEs,W 27, t99,
ATERC,T,I IXSTNUIOF STSL CNsruON
Fia. C-C2.2h Atisnrent charl
for decti,p
lqsth of ahm8 in
co, inous
Iran6
Srdeswol Uninhtbikd.
with c dsfned as
c=+y+
c.c2-2)
Th expression for c given in lhe footnot ofthe aligDment ch6rt bas assumed that
E ofthe bean6 srd colunns are the same. However the ati$ment chart is lalid for
diferenl ruterials i t Equation C-C2-2 is used. AD equation for rbe sideswav_i[hie
ited chan cao be fouod i! ASCE Tssk Comminee o0 Etrective l_etrgrh ( I 697).
r 9l
Gt K a
c
$.o
to0
3,O
a,
20
50,
r0'o
10
.to
2t
t ,
ol
G'
ol
0,5
M
o.t
t.0
ol
o7
ot
o:t
0,
ot
o, 0.2
ol ol
SIDESWAY INHIBITED
Noteslor Fts. C-C2.2aa"d h: Thesubsuipts A and B ref* to thejoints alhe tio en^
dthe colanu
se.tion beiry cohsideted. A is defned os
' \ L/ L" t
xrs / Ls')
in vhich2 irdi.des dsunnationofa nenb^ igidlf cohnected uJ that
hint
and lying on the
plam i, vhi.h btckfi,tg ojthe @lmn is befug contldeed. I. it the wre ofiwrtia drd L.the ut
supponed lenqth ola.olun4sttion. and I.A the nonznt oli@ iaand L.tha u8uwo edkksth
ola
ei'd"r
ot other Bttuhins nmber l,dd
LM
tarzi abort
qtes
perpadt@lar to the plane of
bt kliq beizE @Nideed.
For .olunn endt suwizd by bat nd ligidlr connected to alooting orftundatih, G is theotett-
@
,
injnitf. bat, unl6 Ntua y d*igsed at a bue
I,tctiok-fee
pin, nar be tak
"
6 "lO"
Ior
pacncal designs. Ifthe column end ls tigidiy a4uhd to
q pmperly desisnedlooting G na, be
Fts. C-C22a rlisnneht chanJot
dectire
tensth ofcolunns
in contihuola
lrand
-
S lefuay lnhibited.
LMD
W.ificati@Id
Sttuctu n Sted Eaildiiss, r*c tu21,1999
AMEroq lxsrrTlr oF SIEIL CoNsrRlcr|or
SRAME STABILITY
CALCULO DE LONGITUDES EFDCTIVAS CON f,L USO DE NOMOGRAMAS. (1S7)
7.I UTIA EXPOSICION il|Ag AMPLIA DE LAS LONGITUOES
EFECTIVAS
El concspto de longitud cfectiv8 sc int odujo cn el crpltulo 5 y sE prer6rtaroD Elgu-
tros vslores de J( en IN tabla 5. I . Estos factors sc obtuvicro[ DlIs colu$us con cieriss
condiciones id!.tizedar dc rEsficcidn cn rus exiremos, quc
iuedcn
scr muy difcrc|lter
rspccto ! lar condicioncs prActicas
de disrio. Los
yalores
tabuhdos sotr $oltnaknonta
$tishctoriod pra disrlos prrlimina$s y pera 3iturciodar cn las quo cl desplazrmirnto
Irtrrl0rdco) cat{ iEpedido por soportca lr|eraled, Sin ernbsrgo, Bi Isr c.luinrs foF
filanpa dc un m&to oontinuo lonltido s desplszamianto lstrrml, cs a mctrudo conve-
niente efcntrr un an{lisis rnds (ktalhdo,
c4mo ee desoribe cn esb secci6n, En m.noa
grrdo, sto cs trmbi6[ coDvcniont' parr
colrr|tras Gn mttEod sniochsdor conk6 dcs-
plaz8Diafto
latrfll.
Er adccuado hlccr alguno comcntarios tBtEcto al dc8pl6zarnicnto rclNtivo co-
n.spotrdicutc a la.s longitudas cfectivac, Bn cst! rentido cl desplazaoicnto letarll se
ftftcrg a u$ tipo do plndao. En ashuch[ss c!6tic$treate indctcnnimd$ cl de6nlsz{-
michto lrtcf,sl ocurc dordc 106 marco6 se clrlvul latcrdmrnb dcbido a ta
Dr!3cticis
dE
oaryas latctalcs, o crrgas vorticslcs $imticar, o dond6 lo8 matpos ron aBim6tico&
Asimisrno cl dcsplsamianto ldtersl ocutrE cn colutr|!|os cuyos cxfErbo3 se pucdcn mo-
vcr ttrnsvcfsalment! cuando ion c5rgrdoS hrstt quc ocurro cl pan&o.
Si 80 ulaq m|rrod con lrioshsnicnto disgoosl o muos dgidos de cort&to, lss co.
Iumnrr no suftifdo bdco y tgndrfu ElSo dc rlsEiccid'| rotatori|
qt
sus extsqnos.
prr!
t87
102 7/Dlad'lo d6 mlrmh!3 calgados arlalmonte e oo|npri6.t
(confnord6.r)
El Stmchu.l Strbility Rca.arcb Coulcil (SSRC) hacc I.3 siguic e. rccon ad&
cioDca relaliv.a al ulo de los nomogramrg:
l. Para colurunas articuladac C as tcdricamanG infinitq como cuaDdo uo. co
llmlnr cstA corchda. un! zapob por medio dc uD! micuLci6n si! tictih
CoEo ctr realidad i.l cotr.xi6rl nurca catA llbrc de fiicci6o, sc rrcoEirods
$&
0
s! tomc igual a 10 cuatdo ie us6i alcE soportoc !o dgidos,
2. Prra concxiong rlgidls dc colurnna! a apltrs G te6ricrrnantc tjendc ! c.ro.
pto
desde ur putrto do virtr prlctico
Bc rcomioda 0n valor dG I .O yr q[! niF
guD! conoddn r pdf.ctarnatc
dgidr
3. Si una vigs o trabs esd rfgidamcnE unida a una coluftrs' su rigidrz
tt
&h
multipliq$c por cl facbr aprbpiado dado cn la Tlbla 7. I , dclcndi.rdb d. h
oordicidn on l crcrfi|o .lcjtdo del EirDbm.
TABLA 7,1 FACTOREIJ PARA MIEMgROS UNIDOS RIGIOAMNlE
Cordld6n !n o(tlmo
la.lano dc la lreba
Anisuh.i6n
L6d.o lmpadtdo, Lldao m inpiddq
multplhw poc
o5
o.61
1. 5
2.0
- !i
lac qbcryn url rud! son muy rlgidar (s
dccir, ticnen vslorcs
tZ
muy
8nndrs),
ctvalar &C
=
2(1"
/L"12{1,
f
L,ltffid, a @ro y Ios fictorrs K rcrdn poqurfioc.
Si
c cs muy p6qucio, lo8 mortranbs dG h colurnna no bal6n girrr Dulho cl nudo por Io
quc 6stc cstari crc{r|o a una coodici6n d! rtlpot"amidtto. Si! ambdigq C Gs usud-
ngnta maJor quc o!rc ett form! aprroilblc, dardo ooho rsultido vrloF c.r|rfilrrs.
blcmcnia mayorgr
Fra
r(.
Lss longitudos ofactivss dc ords ut|s de ls6 columnlr do un rratco sr Gltirun con
los nomognma6 an cl oj.rnplo 7.1. (Crundo cl ladeo or poibl., rc arcotM qu lr!
longitudc! !fuiyls rotr sicmplc n yorcs
$c
hs longitudcs !.d!r, ooDro !a ilultr !o
cda qjqlplo. C\utrdo lo! marcod edt{o .rriosh.do6 dc t l mlncrs quo cl l.dco no cr po.
dblc, X ea{ morc que 1.0, Un dlscio itricid no8 h. dado dirn r$ionos ptllitli!.r!!
lara
cada uo do loc micnbroc dcl rmrco, Drrpuas dc drirronEds hs longi$da!
ofeldvrs, osd! oolunm ac rcdhcnr, Si los tunritoc c.r$ian aprcciabhmcnt
,
nu6vs!
longitudcs oftctivss
!'rdco
detcrminras!, cl discio dc kr coludulrs a6 Fgitc, atc. V&
rior tabl8 s ulan Go la 6oluoi6n dr rlb ojamplo, Estas sc atrtiordcrl ficilmattc un! vaz
qur sa axatninrn la6 notas &das cn loe nomognrnar.
r ETf,MPLO '.1
Detcrdno lar lgrgifuder cfcstivlr de crda uns de hs columlrs del rmrco oostrado an
la fi8lla ?.4 si ast! !o csd a.fiortrado contr! ladeo. U6r 106 nodlogr&ilr de h 68ur6
7.2 b) y
supongs quc 106 cxtllos atajados d las h.bcs ast6! r!fitrgido,
7
wt 6x36
7.1 Una !go!ir!i6ll dd! amelle
(|o
ba knot&d! aft
wl 6 x t
-T
l0pr.
I
-+
I
l2
d!
I
t
D
c
D
,
1._*
o*
___-+_!o
er.
_______-1
Fl$r. tra
so,,rct t, Frctorcs dc rigid.z:
Mlsrnbro Pcd1 VL
FI
W6 x2/t
wE x24
Wt x40
W8,(40
W8 x24
Wt x24
wl 8 x50
wr6 x36
Wl Ex97
Wl 6 xJ7
EZ8
82.8
l4ri
t46
12.E
t2.t
8m
48
t 750
758
o.575
0.690
l.0l{
0.575
0,690
1.867
4.861
2.106
t44
120
114
120
l{4
t20
2&
2&
36{)
360
t4D
tc
DE
EF
EH
EI
BE
CF
EE
A
B
Frctorrs C prri cqds ludol
Nudo
y..tolLo]/xt.lLe't
Var3c Fii. 7.2 b)
0575+ 0.690
(0.67)(3.333)
0,690
(0.67X1,86?)
V6..6 Fi& ?, b)
1, 014{ 1. 217
10.0
oJ66
o552
100
0.406
0451
10.0
0.38E
0.189
(0.6?)(3.333 + 4.861)
t.2t7
H
@.6ry1.857+
2.106)
Va||. Fig 7, b)
0.575 + 0.6q)
(0J?x436D
0.690
(0jrxrl06)
3
a
lgil 7/Dbeno d6 mie.nbtlr caados ssalm.li, a romprqli6n (continuacl6n)
Factors 1( scg{tr el nomogr.lna (fig.
7.2 b)):
Columm
1.19
l . t 7
l:71
l . l 3
t,76
r. 14
G^
I0.0
0.566
r0,0
0,406
l0-0
0.388
,4R
BC
DE
EF
GH
1
0,566
0.5?.2
0-406
0,451
0.388
0.489
.
8t u
D@ diftil l l. iebird|. M &. r. lt.ifttE lo''do nJ
F..l rw. tl tr ddo
q
otl. d)e & L nSM ?-2
Fr
! db{o
p.n
r.do
F.tnlb d. t,lrno
F&rL.i
h| {h6 r !!.da k E
q
itq ,t6te
L{ lo4E&ti.d. kAr ftikFn @...tt@
I
Para lomayorla dc los edihcios,loe valorw de(, y rf" dcben cxoohlrsc
Dor E!.Dt_
rado. La raz6n prfa tal
qtudio
ildividual Btribs etr lss
Firiblcs
condicioucs diftrcntrs
de.niostrsmierlo en l.s dos diNcaiors. Muchos mracor de tulltiplcs riyelo coDris.
&n cn martos ritidos on uno dircccida y cn marcos conectados cotrvanoiolalmqrtr cn
18ot. Adqh{s,
l9s
puntos dc rolodo lstgrdl puedcn a mcnudo Gstlr sinrados co lugs-
Iss entEromcttto difrqltli on loo dor plonoo,
Se dispono dc un conju0o dc eculciodes bq!t&t9 sencilhs para
cllcubr los facG
re8 de longitud cfactivg. En algurs ocrsioDes, Gl ingcnido ostucturi8ts pwdG .nco-
tslt nrfs convcnicnte ussr sas cuacionao qu lor [oDogrsmar ant6s d!!crito8, Tsl vcz
la iiturcidn m{s itil cs cumdo rc aplicaa a progomar & computrdon, ya quo r.sultr
muy inconvcrionb detror8g an mcdlo da un di!fio con oomputrdon pars iecr fscio-
rcs r( on lo3 nomogr!|trrs y volv.r I mtsr con cllos sl p|ogrun& Silr cnbargo, l|s cq|r
cioncr pucdcn itcluiar frcil|lmtr cn los programss, elimimdo la Dccasidld de u!.r
nomogmr|aE.r
8l nomoglsmr do ls ffgurs ?.2 b) pqra .rrarcos con hdlo sisrqre da vrlorcs
I( > I .O Dc hecho, f.otor.s I( dc 2.0 r 3.0 son comues y ocsionalDcr$. sa obtiGolil
v&lorc8 maltotlS. A lruchos proycctislrs
cstos vrloEs On grmdcr no lo porccar
nzo-
n blo. Si sc obtiaoco vslorcr( lparlnrcfia$a Duy Nhos, cl proy.cti.t dcbcitlcvi!.r
con rumo cuidrdo los valoll8 quc sdopt6 &l nomograrns (v.lo!rs
C), asl como lrs hi-
p6t$i! b{sicas usodas sl prcpuar
&t, Bstrs hip6tcrir rc analizEn con dctallc cn la coc.
ci6n7,2.
-
I
-.
a
comr. c2.l CAI-q]I-ATION OFREQI]IRBD SI]REI.IGTHS
ttatjoiff ard lying in rhe ptarc ir which buckling of the columtr is betng cotrsid-
ered. E" is tbe modulus of the column, /" is the moment of inetia of the cohuDn,
and Z. is the uqsupported lengrh of rte column. E, is the modulus of tle girdef,
Is is the moment of inertia of the girder, and Ls is the unsupported letrgth of the
girder or other restraiting llrember. /" alld Is are taken about axes prpetrdicular
to
the plane
of buckl.itrg beilrg considered. T[e aligDmenr chalt is valtd for dffferenr
naterials if an appropdate effecrive rigidity, ,8I, is used in the calculation of G.
Foi colurno ends supported by, but not dgidly oonnected to, a footiog or foundatioo,
G is theoretically inlinity but unless designed as a rrue fricrion-ftee pi

may be
takeu as l0 for pracdcal
designs. If the column end is rigidly attachd ro a
Foperly
designod footing, G may be taken as 1.0. Smaller values may be used ifjusdned
by analysis.
Theoretical f value.s obtained ftom the aligDment charts for various idealized end
conditions, rctation fixed or llee aod tmnslation fixcd or ftee. arc shown in Table
C-C2.2 along with practical rccommendarions for use in actual design.
It is impoltant to rcmember flat the alignment charts are based on the assumptions
of idealized conditioos previously
discussed and that these conditions scldom exist
FiB, C
-C2.3.
Aligwnant chart-sidesway iniibited
(bwed
Itanu),
Specifuati@
for
Strrcturat Steel Buininss, Marcb 9,2m5
AMERIC{N TN$TII}TA OF SIEEL CONSTRUqNON, INC,
241
a
10
i:8
3.0
2.0
68
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
t
P
Ii
i
n
I
I
I
I
tr
I
i
I
t
I
I
I
I
l
il
I
242 CAi-CULAIION OF REQIIRm STRENCTHS
tcoru!" C2.
in real structurps. Therefore, adjushetrts ale .equired wheo these assumptions are
violated and the alignmel|t charts are still to be used- Adjustments for common
design cordirions thar apply to both sidesway cooditio$ are:
1. To account for inelasticiry in columns, replace (8.1")
wirh r.(8 1.) for a
columns in the expression for G,4 and Gr. The stiffness reductioo factor, ro,
is discussed laler in this secfion.
2. For girders
contaidog significaot axial load, multiply the (EI/Z)I
by rhe
f^ctor (l-Q/Q;
wheE
O
is the axial load in rhe girder ard
O:.
i6 rhe
in-plaoe buckling load of the girde! basd on i< =
1 .0.
For sidesway inhibited frames, these adjustmetrts for diffeEnt beam end conditiols
may be madc:
I . ff the far end of a girder
is fixed, multiply the (E/L),
of rhe member by 2.0.
2. If the far end of the girde( is pinned, multiply the (EI/L)a
of the momber
by 1.5.
For sidesway uniDhibited ftames aud girders with differebt boundary conditions,
the modifred girder length, Li, should be used in place of the actual girder length,
Oa
00.0-
50.0:
30.0-
20.0-
G1
-100.0
=50.0
-30,0
-20,0
;10.0
- 9e
-6.0
-5,0
-4.0
-2.O
-1.0
10.0
8,0
7.0
8.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
-0.0
Fig. C-C2.4. AligNtEN cha|t*sidcswat ninhibited (tnonent
frarne).
Specifuation
for
SnwturuI SEeI B i//ingi, Mal{,hg, 2M5
AMEf,IcAN INarrrrrrE oF srEEL Cor,{6'rRucrro\ INc.