Section 5

1.
Determine the potential difference between the points A and B in the steady state

A. 40 V
B. 60 V
C. 25 V
D. 75 V
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

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2.
Find the value of K and velocity constant K
v
so that the maximum overshoot in the
unit step response is 0.2 and the peak time is 1 sec.

A. 12.37, 0.175
B. 12.86, 2.175
C. 11.36, 1.175
D. 1.86, 0.175
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

2
= 0.259(1 -
2
) = 0.259 - 0.259
2

1.259
2
= 0.259
2
= 0.206
= 0.45

2
n
= K

n
= K and 2
n
= 1 + KK
v

n
= K
K =
2
n

K = 12.37
1 + 12.37K
v
= 2 x 0.45 x 3.52
K
v
= 0.175 .

3.
The transfer function of a discrete time LTI system is given by

Consider the following statements:
S1: The system is stable and causal for ROC: |z| > 1/2
S2: The system is stable but not causal for ROC: |z| < 1/4
S3: The system is neither stable nor causal for ROC: 1/4 < |z| < 1/2
Which one of the following statements is valid?
A. Both S1 and S2 are true
B. Both S2 and S3 are true
C. Both S1 and S3 are true
D. S1, S2 and S3 are all true
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
S1 true, S2 False (meter stable nor causal) S3 True.

4.
In the following network, the switch is closed at t = 0- and the sampling starts from t = 0.
The sampling frequency is 10Hz.

The expression and the region of convergence of the z-transform of the sampled signal are
A.
|z| < e
-5

B.
|z| < e
-0.05

C.
|z| < e
-0.05

D.
|z| > e
-5

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
X(Z) = 5.e
-0.05n
.Z
-n

.

5.
The logic function implemented by the following circuit at the terminal OUT is

A. P NOR Q
B. P NAND Q
C. P OR Q
D. P AND Q
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
AND gate.
6.
In a transmission line terminated with a load equal to the characteristic impedance, the
reflection coefficient is
A. 0 B. +1
C. -1 D. Infinity
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
.

7.
Consider a control system shown in given figure. For slight variation in G, the ratio of open loop
sensitivity to closed loop sensitivity will be given by

A. 1 : (1 + GH)
B. 1 : (1 + GH)
- 1

C. 1 : (1 - GH)
D. 1 : (1 - GH)
- 1

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Open loop sensitivity = 1
Closed loop sensitivity =
Hence ratio = 1 : (1 + GH)
- 1
.

8.
Consider the signal S(t) shown below :

The slope of the matched filter output during the interval
A. 8 B. 12
C. 16 D. 18
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Match filter will be

The output of this will be convolution of S(t) with match filter.

.

9.
The logic function f(A B, C) = m(0, 2, 4, 5, 6) represented by

A. i
B. i, ii
C. i, iii
D. i, ii, iii
Answer: Option B
Explanation:


10.
An electrical system and its signal-flow graph representation are shown in figure (a) and (b)
respectively

The values of G
2
and H, respectively are
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
V
i
(s) = Z
1
I
1
+ Z
3
(I
1
- I
2
) ...(i)
V
0
(s) = Z
4
I
2

I
2
(Z
3
+ Z
2
+ Z
4
) = Z
3
I
1
...(ii)
From signal flow graph
I
2
= I
1
G
2

Hence,
...(iii)
From SFG ...(iv)
From (ii), (iii), (iv) we get H.
11.
Consider the circuit shown below of 2 : 1 MUX is given by the function g = ac + bc

Then f is
A. X X
B. XY + E X Y
C. XE + XY
D. None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
g = ac + bc
min c = 0, g = b and c = 1, g = a
So f = y + ya y x + yg ...(i)
g = x b + x.a = x E + X.o x E
from (i) f = y x + y x E.

12.
For the given phase lead network, the maximum possible phase lead is

A.
sin
-1

B. 30
C. 45
D. 60
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The maximum phase lead is given by,
sin
m
=
Where
Hence sin
m
=
Hence
m
= 30.

13.
Given (224)
r
= The value of the radix 'r' is :
A. 5 B. 6
C. 7 D. 10
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
(224)
r
=
= (13)
r
x (13)
r

2r
2
+ 2r + 4 = (r + 3) (r + 3) = r
2
+ 6r + 9
r
2
- 4r - 5 = 0
(r - 5) (r + 1) = 0
r = - 1 or r = 5
Negative base is not possible. Therefore base of the equation is 5.

14.
Which factor determines whether the medium is free space, lossless dielectric, lossy dielectric or
good conductor?
A. Attenuation constant
B. Constitutive parameters (, , )
C. Loss tangent
D. Reflection coefficient
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Loss tangent
(i) for lossless dielectric, tan 1
(ii) for good conductor, tan >> 1
(iii) for lossy dielectric, tan = 1.

15.
Find R
AB

A. 2
B. 1.5
C. 3
D. None of the above
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Reduced Diagram :

R
AB
= 3 || 6 = 2

16.
In the following circuit, the switch S is closed at t = 0 The rate of change of current (0 +) is
given by

A. 0
B.

C.

D.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
At t = 0, inductor acts like a open circuit.
We know at t = 0
+
, inductor path is open circuit
V = I
s
.R
s
(at t = 0
+
)
Thus

17.
convert into spherical co-ordinates.
A. A = 2 sin[sin tana
r
+ sina
+ a
]
B. A = 2 sin[sin tana
r
+ sina
+ a
]
C. A = 2 sin[sin tana
r
- sina
- a
]
D. none of these
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Spherical :
A
r
= A. a
r
= .sin.sin =
A
= A. a
= .cossin
= 2 sin
2

A
= Aa
= cos = 2 sin
A = a
r
+ 2sin
2
a
+ 2sina

A = 2sin[sin tan a
r
+ sina
+ a
].

18.
Consider the following program segment written for 8085 based system
LXI SP, FFFFH
MVI A, FFH
MOV BB, A
K: DCR B
PUSH HL
JNZ K
INR A
LXI H, FFCEH
CPI 20H
LHLD
The contents of accumulator is :
A. CE
B. 20
C. indeterminate
D. none of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Since contents of HL register pair are unknown and are continuously ''PUSH''ed on the stack;
retrieval of the same will result in ''Indeterminate'' data.

19.
The reduced form of the function
Y(A, B, C, D, E, F) = m(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25,
28, 30, 31) is given by:
A. A(C D + E F + D E) + D E
B. (A + C + D + E)(D + E + F)
C. (C + D + E + A)(A + D + E + F)
D. A C D + A E F + A(D E)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Y = (A + D + E + F)(A + C + D + E).

20.
A 1000 kHz carrier wave modulated 40% at 4000 Hz is applied to a resonant circuit tuned to a
carrier frequency and having Q = 140. What is the degree of modulation
after transmission through this circuit?
A. 0.40 B. 0.20
C. 0.27 D. 0.54
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Resulting depth of modulation

21.
For the circuit, let us assume that R = 1 , L = 10
-3
H, and V(t) = 10 cos (1000t + 30)V and the
differential equation for I(t) is given by

A. 7.07 cos (1000t + 15) A
B. 70.7 cos (1000t - 30) A
C. 7.07 cos (1000t - 15) A
D. 7.07 cos (1000t + 15) A
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Replacing current and voltage by their phasors I and 10e
j
/b
, resp. and by j =j1000, we
obtain the phasor equation
I + 10
-3
(j1000I) = 10e
j
/6

or I(1 + j1) = 10e
j
/6

Having determined the value of I, we now find the required solution to be
I(t) = R
c
[I e
jt
] = R
c
[7.07e
-j
/2
e
j
1000t]
= 7.07 cos (1000t - 15)A.

22.
Find equivalent capacitance if each capacitance is 1 F.

A. 56 F
B. 6/5 F
C. 6/10 F
D. 5/12 F
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Use similar method. But for capacitor take inverse of value of capacitance and then apply
procedure same as in resistance case. After getting the final answer take inverse of result to get
C
eq

In Cuboid case,
For resistance
For inductance
For capacitance .

23.
The Z inverse of the given Z transform is :

A. unit step
B. unit impulse
C. unit ramp
D. unit parabola
Answer: Option B
Explanation:


24.
The RMS value of the signal given below is:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
RMS value .

25.
Use block diagram reduction methods to obtain the equivalent T.F from R to C.

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

26.
Find E at P(1, 1, 1) caused by four identical 3 nC point charges located at P
1
(1, 1, 0), P
2
(- 1, 1, 0),
P
3
(- 1, - 1, 0) P
4
(1, - 1, 0)
A. 21.58a
x
+ 21.58a
y
+ 12a
z
V/m
B. 6.82a
x
+ 6.82a
y
+ 32.89a
z
V/m
C. -6.82a
x
- 6.82a
y
- 32.89a
z
V/m
D.
-21.58a
x
- 21.58a
y
- 12az V/m

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

E = 6.82a
x
+ 6.82a
y
+ 32.89a
z
V/m
r = a
x
+ a
y
+ a
z

r
1
= a
x
+ a
y

r
2
= - a
x
+ a
y

r
3
= - a
x
- a
y

and r
4
= a
x
- a
y

r - r
1
= a
z
;
r - r
2
= 2a
x
+ a
z
;
r - r
3
= 2a
x
+ 2a
y
+ a
z

r - r
4
= 2a
y
+ a
z

= 6.8a
x
+ 6.8a
y
+ 32.9a
z
.

27.
In the interconnection of ideal sources shown in the figure, it is known that the 60V source is
absorbing power

Which of the following can be the value of the current source?
A. 10 A
B. 13 A
C. 15 A
D. 18 A
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since 12A current is coming from one source and it is also known that 60V source is absorbing
power i.e. current is flowing inside 60V source.
12 = x + 1 => I = 12 - x.

28.
For the network shown below, if V
D
= 12 V and V
GSQ
= - 2 V value of R
S
will be

A. 13.35 k
B. 3.35 k
C. 33.31 k
D. 3.95 k
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

V
GS
= V
G
- I
D
R
S

- 2 = 5.44 - 2.22 X 10
-3
X R
S

R
S
= 3.35 K.

29.
The causal system given below is __________

A. minimum phase
B. maximum phase
C. mixed phase
D. none of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

It has only zeros at origin. Hence it is minimum phase system.

30.
Find R
L
for maximum power transfer.

A. 3
B. 1.125
C. 4.1785
D. None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Use Y - transformation

R
AB
= (9 || 18) || (9 || 18) = 3 .
31.
The probability density function (PDF) of a random variable X
is as shown below

The corresponding cumulative distribution function (CDF) has
the form
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Cumulative distribution function (Pdf) dx
Then when we integrate the line from (-1, 0) to (0, 1) we get a
parabolic curve.
The maximum value of Pdf can be 1.

32.
The system with given pole-zero diagram is __________

A. Causal
B. Anti-causal
C. Both sided
D. Cannot be determined
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Z transform for the pole zero plot will be

Degree of numerator > degree of denominator. Also ROC is not
defined.
Hence response of the system cannot be determined.

33.
For the waveform shown below, the slew rate and full power
bandwidth with respect to op-amp will be respectively

A. 0.02 V/sec, 1.59 KHz
B. 0.04 V/sec, 1.59 KHz
C. 0.02 V/sec, 3.58 KHz
D. 0.02 V/sec, 1.59 KHz
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

Full power
bandwidth

34.
In the derivation of expression for peak percent
overshoot, , Which one the following
conditions is NOT required?
A. System is linear and time invariant
B.
The system transfer function has a pair of complex
conjugate poles and no zeros.
C. There is no transportation delay in the system.
D. The system has zero initial conditions.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

35.
The impulse response h(t) of a linear invariant continuous time
system is given by h(t) = exp (- 2t) u(t), where u(t) denotes the
unit step function. The output of this system to the sinusoidal
input x(t) = 2cos(2t) for all time t, is
A. 0
B. 2
-0.25
cos (2t - 0.125)
C. 2
-0.5
cos (2t - 0.125)
D. 2
-0.5
cos (2t - 0.25)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
When input is sinusoidal then output is also sinusoidal with same
frequency but amplitude and phase changes. Thus amplitude is

Phase is tan
-1
= 0.25
Thus y(t) = 2
-0.5
cos(2t - 0.25).

36.
In the following circuit , the comparator output in log: "I" if V
1
> V
2
and is logic "0" otherwise.
The D/A conversion is done as per the relations V
DAC
= 2
n-2
Volts,
where b
3
(MSB), b
2
, b
1
and b
0
(LSB) are the counter outputs. The counter starts from the clear
state

The magnitude of the error between V
DAC
and V
in
at steady state in volts is
A. 0.2 B. 0.3
C. 0.5 D. 1.0
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Magnitude error = 6.5 - 6.2 = 0.3 .

37.
The signal flow graph of a system is shown below:

The state variable representation of the system can be
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let us take two state variable as shown x
1
and x
2


38.
Consider the resonant circuit as shown below

The circuit is scaled modified so that Z
max
10
4
and
o
= 10
8
Radians. Find the required element
values
A. R = 10
4
L = 5 H C = 20 pF
B. 1000 L = 50 H C = 200 pF
C. 10 K L = 50 H C =20 pF
D. None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Impedance scaling factor k
x

As = 10 Radians
New value for elements are
R' = k
z
R = 1000 x 10 = 10 k

.

39.
Consider the z-transform X(z) = 5z
2
+ 4z
-1
+ 3; 0 < |z| < The inverse transform x[n] is
A. 5[n + 2] + 3[n] + 4[n - 1]
B. 5[n - 2] + 3[n] + 4[n + 1]
C. 5u[n + 2] + 3u[n] + 4u[n - 1]
D. 5u[n - 2] + 3u[n] + 4u[n + 1]
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
X(z) = 5z
2
+ 4z
-1
+ 3 = .

40.
Find equivalent capacitance if each capacitance is 2 F.

A. 5/12 F
B. 12/5 F
C. 6/5 F
D. 5/6 F
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
For capacitor take inverse of value of capacitance and then apply procedure same as in resistance
case.
After getting the final answer take inverse of result to get C
eq

C
eq
= F
In Cuboids case,
For resistance R
eq
= R with each R = 1
For inductance L
eq
= L H with each L = 1 H
For capacitance C
eq
= CF with each C = 1 F.
41.
In a JK flip-flop, J is connected to Q and K is connected to Q outputs. The JK FF converts into a
A. RS FF
B. D FF
C. T FF
D. Clocked RS FF
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Both the input is opposit to each other hence it is D FF.

42.
A point charge of 6 C is located at the origin, uniform line charge density of 180 nC/mof
8 m length lies along the x axis and a uniform sheet of charge equal to 25 nC/m
2
of area x
4
2
lies in the z = 0 plane. Calculate total electric flux leaving the surface of sphere of 4 m radius
centered at origin.
A. 86.97 C
B. 8.697 nC
C. 8.697 C
D. 86.97 nC
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
According to Gauss's law total flux leaving the closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed by
the closed surface
Q
encl
= (6 x 10
-6
) + (8 x 180 x 10
-6
) + ( x 4
2
x 25 x 10
-9
)
= (6 x 10
-6
) + (1.44 x 10
-6
) + (1.257 x 10
-6
)
= 8.697 Coulombs.

43.
An infinite ladder is constructed with 1 and 2 resistors as shown below. Find i

A. 8.1818 A
B. 0 A
C. 9 A
D. cannot be determined
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
As ladder is infinite

2R + R
2
= 2 + 3R
R
2
- R - 2 = 0

R = 2 or R = -1
Negative value of R is not possible
R = 2

i = 9 A.

44.
Consider the matrix The value of e
p
is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

find L
-1
[sI -A]
-1

find inverse Laplace transform of the expression.

45.
Find current flowing through 1 H inductor at t = 0, at which switch 'S' is opened.

A. 0 B. 2
C. 3 D. 5
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

For t = 0
+
current in L is
circuit at t = 0
+

I is I
o
= 3 A.
46.
The polar plot for positive frequencies is shown below. The gain margin is

A. - 8.02 dB
B. 6.02 dB
C. 5 dB
D. none of these
Answer: Option D
Explanation:


47.
Input and output impedance with feedback for voltage series feedback having A = -200, R
1
= 10
k, R
0
= 50 k and feedback factor = -0.2 will be
A. 410 k, 2050 k
B. 410 k, 1.219 k
C. 0.243 k, 2050 k
D. 0.24 k, 1.219 k
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
In voltage series feedback output impedance decreases, input impedance increases,
, R
if
= R
i
(1 + A).

48.
Z = __________

A. C[A(B + C) + D]
B. (AB + AC + D)
C. (CA + AC + D)
D. none of these
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Output of first MUX = A(B + C)
Output of second MUX = C D + A B).

49.
An FM transmitter delivers 80W to a load of 30 W when no modulation is present. The carrier is
now frequency modulated by a single sinusoidal signal and the peak frequency deviation is so
adjusted to make the amplitude of the second sideband is zero in the given output.
J
0
(0, 0) = 1,
J
0
(2, 4) = 0,
J
0
(3.8) = - 0.4,
J
0
(5.1)= - 0.1
J
1
(2, 4) = 0.52,
J
1
((3.8) = 0,
J
1
(5.1) = - 0.33,
J
2
(2.4) = 0.1
J
2
(3.8)= 0.41,
J
2
(5.1) = 0
The power in all the remaining sidebands is :
A. 84 W
B. 97.44 W
C. 100 W
D. 77.44 W
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Total power of the FM transmitter = 80 W to a load of 50 W
second side band amplitude = J
2
() = 0
= 5.1
Average Power = (J
0
())
2
x 100 = (0.16)
2
x 100 = 2.56 W
Power in all remaining = 80 - 2.56 = 77.44 .

50.
In the circuit shown, all the transmission line sections are lossless. The Voltage Standing Wave
Ration (VSWR) on the 60W line is

A. 1.00 B. 1.64
C. 2.50 D. 3.00
Answer: Option B
Explanation:


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