FE Questions

1) One D element requires Area

2) Two D element requires Thickness
3) Three D element requires None
4) Strain energy of an element is : Always +ve, Scalar
5) Beam element is connected to solid element. This type of structure forms Frame is
hinged bout the solid.
6) Sliding element can be simulated using - Static condensing of the degree of freedom
7) Boundary of the structure is smaller than interior of structure - Use of Boundary
element Method.
8) For a given mesh displacement will be more accurate
9) The finite element problem finally solves for System of linear equations
10) In finite element problem- the solution is for displacement
11) Boundary condition on node will be defined in - Local co-ordinate system
12) Finally element stiffness matrices are assembled in Global Co-ordinate system.[Cross
check]
13) Structure is unstable - Under constrained
14) Element co-ordinate system is generally - ll
r
to Global co-ordinate system(correct)
15) Structural response at resonance is controlled by Damping
16) Always the applied loads - Should add up to Reactions (or vice-versa).
17) Spring element is fixed @ one end and applied load at the other end the problem
can be solved.
18) Element stiffness matrix - Singular
19) Displacement boundary condition applied on Nodes
20) Critical buckling mode depends on None of the above( shape of component and
material properties if option is there)
21) Buckling load can be calculated using - Eigen value method only
22) Plate - Plate (or Frame plate) clamped along all the edges Singular
23) Non-linear analysis is After application of load, one element move towards the
other element and move together
24) Use of H-element - Increases no of elements
25) Use of P - element - Increases no of DOF
26) A large dynamic problem with the loads varying quickly with the time This can be
solved by using Central difference method
27) A large dynamic problem with the loads varying slowly with the time This can be
solved by using Mode Superposition method
28) Solid element connected to beam element results in 3 DOF
29) Frame with applied transverse load - no twist
30) For a given mesh Consistent Mass is obtained linear displacements [Cross check]
31) Spring can be used with different stiffnesses in different directions TRUE
32) Example of lumped element - Mass moment of Inertia
33) Reactions will develop at - Specified displacements only
34) Element stiffness matrix is relation between Applied loads and nodal displacements
35) Band width minimization Node numbering (Node renumbering)
36) A free structure in 3 D space - 6 DOF
37) For a flat plate element - Membrane + bending stress are coupled (In global co-
ordinate system)
38) For analyzing large dynamic problem Lancozs
39) Size of stiffness matrix depends on Total degrees of freedom
40) Rigid element develops Relation between degrees of freedom
41) Bigger element connected with smaller element - ill Conditioned
42) Following loads produces displacement without developing stresses Thermal
43) Elements will be connected at - nodes
44) Curved surfaces will be modeled with higher order / second order elements
45) Minimum no of elements required across the thickness 2
46) Displacement is continuous - Across the thickness
47) Method of solving linear FE equations - Choleskys decomposition
48) Equilibrium is at all points in structure
49) Strain energy is Invariant w.r.to co-ordinate system
50) Accuracy of FEM depends on number of DOF used
51) What effects band width DOF
52) Reducing band width increases increases the no. of zero elements and reduces the
no of non zero entities
53) Node numbering increases no of non zero entities
54) Band width can be minimized with Node numbering
55) Displacement continuity will be ensured at - Element boundary nodes
56) No of natural frequencies of a free 3D space elements - 6
57) Some other question having answer option as - strain energy of individual elements
should be equal to structure strain energy Dont know whether right or wrong.
58) Some other question having option other than 1) Integral 2) partial diff 3) differential
equations the fourth option is right.
59) The critical buckling load can be obtained by Only by Eigen value Analysis
60) P method for converging to accurate solution by increasing the number of degrees
of freedom
61) Strain energy of element invariant of coordinate system
62) Solid with 3 dof connected to frame having 6 dof
a. Not possible to solve
b. Frame gets hinged to solid
c. Frame gets rigidly connected
63) Cont of 62... Thus the total dof at the connecting node is
a. 6
b. 3
c. 9
d. 10
64) An FE solution yields displacements
a. At nodes
b. At element nodes
c. Along element edges
65) Displacement boundary condition at nodes can be
a. Positive non zero value
b. Any value including zero
c. Zero only
66) K is singular
a. Irrespective of boundary conditions
b. If imposed boundary condition, results in an under constrained structure
c. If imposed boundary condition, results in an over constrained structure
d. If the structure is over constrained
67) Very large elements in one location and very small at other location results in
a. Singular
b. Ill-conditioned
68) Constraints are applied in
a. Local coordinate system
b. Global coordinate system
69) A spring element
a. Can be given stiffness in all dofs
b. Only translational
70) Strain energy is Positive scalar quantity
71) Structural stiffness matrixs band width depends on Total number of dof of the
structure
72) Assembly of element stiffness matrix into global stiffness matrix ensures
Displacement compatibility at nodes
73) Wave front minimization - Element renumbering
74) Structural Stiffness Matrix is singular if rigid body motions are present
75) Interpolation function used for deriving element stiffness matrix should assure
continuity of
a. Displacement field along element edge
b. Displacement field across element edge
c. Displacement field in the whole of the element
d. Displacement field @ the nodes of element
76) Why is it necessary to reduce Band width of structural stiffness matrices?
a. To reduce non 0 elements
b. To reduce 0 elements
c. To reduce assembly time
d. To reduce storage space
77) BW of a structural stiffness matrix depends on
a. No of total DOF in a structure
b. No of maximum DOF in an element
c. Max order of Poly chosen for an interpolation function element
d. No of DOF per node
78) The interpolation function used for deriving element stiffness represents displacement
field
a. In entire element
b. Only at nodes
c. Only in interior of element
d. Only boundary of element
79) A linear spring element between two nodes, load applied on one node and constrained
on another
a. Cannot be solved
b. Can be solved as stiffness is not singular
c. Can be solved if additional DOF are constrained at load end
d. Can be solved as it is, there is some distance between the nodes
80) Structural displacements are continous
a. Along element edges
b. Across elemental nodes
c. at Nodes
d. Cant say
81) Displacement BC at node can be applied as
a. Only zero
b. Any value including zero
c. Only a non zero value
82) Structural Nodes in FE
a. Should have identical LCS
b. Should have identical CS
c. Should have same GCS
d. Can have diff LCS
83) Finals set of equations solved for computing displacement in linear static analysis are
actually
a. Equilibrium equations at nodes
b. Weighted average coefficients for difference in applied nodal load and
elemental force
c. Strain compatibility at node
84) The assembly process of elemental stiffness matix ensures
a. Sum of elemental strain energy equal to structural Strain energy
b. Sum of nodal load=0
c. Sum of Nodal displacement =0
d. Sum of Nodal strain=0
85) Assembly process of elemental stiffness matrix ensures
a. Displacement compatibility at element edges
b. Displacement compatibility at nodes
c. Stress compatibility between edges of elements
d. Stress compatibility at nodes
86) Spring constant for spring element
a. Can be given diff for different DOF
b. Is a value independent of CS
c. Has to be determined by test
d. Can be given wrt to displacement DOF and not rotation
87) An example for non-linearity is
a. Material
b. Contact
c. Both the above
d. None of these
88) Check for FE modeling in the pre processing stage includes
a. Reaction forces
b. Consistency of plate normals
c. Large stress gradients
d. Large deflection zones
89) In the p-method of FEA, the accuracy of solution is improved by
a. Increasing the nodal degrees of freedom in the elements
b. Increasing the number of elements
c. Increasing the number of interior nodes in the structure
d. Decreasing the sparseness of stiffness matrix
90) The beam element orientation is defined by
a. A third node
b. Orientation vector
c. Both of the above
d. None of these
91) While solving global equation ku = F, the singular stiffness matrix is converted non-
singular by
a. Applying boundary conditions
b. Stiffness addition
c. Equilibrium
d. Reducing load
92) Displacement boundary condition at a node can be
a. Zero
b. Any value including 0
c. Only positive non zero value
d. Non zero value
93) Structural nodes in fe model
a. Should have identical Local cor sys
b. Should Have identical cor sys
c. Should Have same global cor sys
d. Can have different lcs
94) A frame with 6 dof (all six degree) & solid with 3 dof at nodes Total dof:
a. 3
b. 9
c. Cant say
d. 6







Introduction to Finite element Analysis (Please recheck for all answers with
tutorials)
1) An example for non-linearity is
a) Material
b) Contact
c) Both the above
d) None of these
2) Check for FE modeling in the pre processing stage includes
a) Reaction forces
b) Consistency of plate normal
c) Large stress gradients
d) Large deflection zones
3) In the p-method of FEA, the accuracy of solution is improved by
a) Increasing the nodal degrees of freedom in the elements
b) Increasing the number of elements
c) Increasing the number of interior nodes in the structure
d) Decreasing the sparseness of stiffness matrix
4) The beam element orientation is defined by
a) A third node
b) Orientation vector
c) Both of the above
d) None of these
5) While solving global equation ku = F, the singular stiffness matrix is converted
non-singular by
a) Applying boundary conditions
b) Stiffness addition
c) Equilibrium
d) Reducing load
6) Displacement bc at a node can be
a) Zero
b) Any value including 0
c) Only +ive non zero value
d) Non zero value
7) Structural nodes in FE model
a) Should have identical LCS
b) Should have identical CS
c) Should have same GCS
d) Can have different LCS
8) A frame with 6 DOF (all six degree) & solid with 3 DOF (u,v,w) at nodes Total
DOF (Not Sure)
a) 3,
b) 9,
c) Difficult to say,
d) 6
9) Interpolation function used for deriving element stiffness matrix should assure
continuity of
a) Displacement field along element edge
b) Displacement field across element edge
c) Displacement field in the whole of the element
d) Displacement field @ the nodes of element
10) Why is it necessary to reduce Band width of structural stiffness matrices?
a) To reduce non 0 elements
b) To reduce 0 elements
c) To reduce assembly time
d) To reduce storage space
11) BW of a structural stiffness matrix depends on
a) No of total DOF in a structure
b) No of maximum DOF in an element
c) Max order of Poly chosen for an interpolation function element
d) No of DOF per node
12) The interpolation fun used for deriving element stiffness represents
displacement field
a) In entire element
b) Only at nodes
c) Only in interior of elem
d) Only boundary of elem
13) A linear spring element between two nodes, load applied on one node and
constrained on another
a) Cannot be solved
b) Can be solved as stiffness is not singular
c) Can be solved if additional DOF are constrained at load end
d) Can be solved ,as it is dere is some distance between de nodes
14) Structural displacements are continuous
a) Along element edges
b) Across elemental nodes
c) @ Nodes
d) Cant say
15) Displacement BC at node can be applied as
a) Only zero
b) Any value including zero
c) Only a non zero value
16) Structural Nodes in FE
a) Shud have identical LCS
b) Shud have identical CS
c) Shud have same GCS
d) Can have diff LCS
17) Finals set of eqns solved for computing displacement in linear static analysis are
actually
a) Equilibrium eqns at nodes
b) Wgted avg coefficients for difference in applied nodal load and elemental
force
c) Strain compatibility at node
18) The assembly process of elemental stiffness matrix ensures
a) Sum of elemental strain energy equal to structural Strain
energy(Sharma)
b) Sum of nodal load=0
c) Sum of Nodal displacement =0
d) Sum of Nodal strain=0
19) Assembly process of elemental stiffness matrix ensures
a) Displacement compatibility at element edges
b) Displacement compatibility at nodes
c) Stress compatibility between edges of elements
d) Stress compatibility @ nodes
20) Spring constant for spring element
a) Can be given diff for different DOF
b) Is a value independent of CS
c) Has to be determined by test
d) Can be given wrt to displacement DOF and not rotation
21) One D element requires
a) Area
22) Two D element requires
a) Thickness
23) Three D element requires
a) None
24) Strain energy of an element is
a) Always +ve, Scalar
25) Beam element is connected to solid element. This type of structure forms
a) Frame is hinged bout the solid.
26) Boundary of the structure is smaller than interior of structure
a) Use of Boundary element Method
27) For a given mesh to find accurate results
a) Displacement method will be more accurate
28) The finite element problem finally solves for
a) System of linear equations
29) In finite element problem-
a) the solution is for displacement
30) Boundary condition on node will be defined in
a) Local co-ordinate system
31) Finally element stiffness matrices are assembled in
a) Global Co-ordinate system.
32) Structural response at resonance is controlled by
a) Damping
33) Always the applied loads - Should add up to Reactions (or vice-versa).
a) Sum of load and rxns =0
34) Spring element is fixed @ one end and applied load at the other end
a) The problem can be solved if the constraint at loaded end is specified
35) Element stiffness matrix
a) Singular
36) Displacement boundary condition applied on
a) Nodes
37) Critical buckling mode depends on
a) None of the above
(shape of component and material properties if option is there)
38) Buckling load can be calculated using -
a) Eigen value method only
b) Non Linear Static analysis
c) Either of them
d) None of them
39) Use of H-element
a) Increases no of elements
40) Use of P - element -
a) Increases no of DOF
41) A large dynamic problem with the loads varying quickly with the time can be
solved by using
a) Central difference method
42) A large dynamic problem with the loads varying slowly with the time can be
solved by using
a) Mode Superposition method
43) Frame with applied transverse load -
a) no twist
44) For a given mesh frequencies are more accurate
a) Consistent Mass
45) Spring can be used with different stiffnesses in different directions
a) TRUE
46) Reactions will develop at -
a) Specified nodes where displacements are applied
47) Element stiffness matrix is relation between
a) Applied loads and nodal displacements
48) Band width can be minimized by
a) Node numbering (Node renumbering)
49) A free structure in 3 D space -
a) 6 DOF
50) For a flat plate element - Membrane + bending stress
a) are decoupled in Elemental co-ordinate system
51) For analyzing large dynamic problem the method used for solving
a) Lancozs
52) Size of structural stiffness matrix depends on
a) Total degrees of freedom in the Assembly
53) Rigid element develops
a) Relation between degrees of freedom
54) Following loads produces displacement without developing stresses
a) Thermal
55) Elements will be connected at
a) nodes
56) Curved surfaces will be modeled with
a) Elements with corner nodes and mid side nodes
b) Elements with corner nodes and centre nodes
c)
57) Minimum no of elements required across the thickness
a) 2
58) Displacement is continuous -
a) Across the thickness
59) Method of solving linear FE equations
a) Choleskys decomposition
60) Equilibrium is at
a) all points in structure
61) Strain energy is
a) Invariant w.r.to co-ordinate system
62) Accuracy of FEM depends on
a) number of DOF used
63) Reducing band width increases
a) no of non zero entities
64) Displacement continuity will be ensured at -
a) Element boundary nodes
65) No of natural frequencies of a free 3D space elements -
a) 6
66) In meshing Bigger element connected with smaller element -
a) ill Conditioned
67) Structural displacements are continuous
a) Along element edges
b) Across elemental nodes
c) @ Nodes
d) Cant say





FEA
1.Mass Matrix is always:-Diagonal
2.KU=F is :-Equilibrium.
3.Simultaneous equation is not solved by:-Forward integration.
4.Built in or boundary condition for cantilever:-Displacement and
rotation is zero at support.
5.Example of body load:-Forces due to acceleration of
displacement mass.
6.Bandwidth:-Node numbering.
7.Interpolating function for representing element displacement:-
polynomial.
8.For simply supported beam boundary condition are :-U,V,R=0.
9.checking for free edges:-structural discontinuity.
10.Beam element orientation representation:-Vector orientation,
3 node.
11.Which is nt physical property of beam:-
a)Wrapping constant
b)MOI
c)Thickness.ans
d)Area.
12.Axial stiffness eqn:-AE/L.
13.Non-Linear properties:-Material and contact.
14.FE post processing:-Applied load=Reaction load.
15.Which is nt deflection thry:-Max. deflection thry.
16.Principle plane are plane where :-shear stress is zero.
17.output of FEA:-Displacement, Reaction, Strain energy.
18.How to convert singular to non-singular in eqn ku=f:-Boundary
condition.
19.Natural frequency can be increased by:-stiffness increase.
20.Property stiffness matrix can not be :-Diagonal.
21.FEA preferred bcz(It can solve):-Complex problem.
22.In h-method of FEA, Accuracy of solution can be increased
by:-Increasing the no. of elements.
23.In p-method of FEA Accuracy of solution can be increased
by:-Increasing no of degrees of freedom in elements .
24.The following data needs to provide for the static analysis of
structures subjected to gravity loads:-Mass density of
structural material.
25.Check for FE modeling in the pre processing stage includes:-
Consistency of plate normals.
26.The strain energy of element is:- invariant with respect to
coordinate system.


Introduction to Finite element Analysis

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 of 5

An example for non-linearity is
Material
Contact
Both the above
None of these
NOT ANSWERED



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 of 5

Check for FE modeling in the pre processing stage includes
Reaction forces
Consistency of plate normals
Large stress gradients
Large deflection zones
NOT ANSWERED



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3 of 5

In the p-method of FEA, the accuracy of solution is improved by
Increasing the nodal degrees of freedom in the elements
Increasing the number of elements
Increasing the number of interior nodes in the structure
Decreasing the sparseness of stiffness matrix
NOT ANSWERED



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------




4 of 5

The beam element orientation is defined by
A third node
Orientation vector
Both of the above
None of these
NOT ANSWERED



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5 of 5

While solving global equation ku = F, the singular stiffness matrix is converted non-
singular by
Applying boundary conditions
Stiffness addition
Equilibrium
Reducing load
NOT ANSWERED


6

Following is an output FEA

Displacement
Reaction Force
Strain Energy
All of the above

7

Principal stresses are the stresses on the plane when

Shear stress is zero
Shear stress is maximum
Shear stress is greater than other stress.
None of the above.





8.

Strain energy of an element


depends on structural coordinates.
depends on elemental coordinates.
Invariant to coordinate system
Both.

9.

Example of non linearity


Material
Contact
Both.
None


10.

Axial stiffness of the rod is given by

AE/L

M/EI

EI/L

T/J


11.

Following is not a failure criterion.

Max. principal stress theory
Max. principal strain theory
Max. shear stress theory
Max. deflection theory

12.

Ku= F is an equation of

Compatibility
Quadritic
Equilibrium
Singularity


13.
Sliding of an element is simulated by

Suppressing respective degrees of freedom
Applying additional loads
Statically condensing degrees of freedom

`14.

Following is an example of body load

Pressure
Force due to acceleration
Element temperature
Concentrated loads applied at nodes

15.

Following is not a method of solving problems using simultaneous equations

Guass elemination method
Lu decomposition method
Forward integration method
Guass seadl method








1. Non linear analysis
2. accuracy of fem solutions
3. Transverse load is applied on a simple frame element result is
4. Responses to resonance
5. Structural displacements are continuous
6. For a given mesh the accuracy is
7. Rigid elements resuls in developments
8. Element stiffness matrix defines a relationship between
9. Spring const for spring elements
10. Bandwidth of structural stiffness matrix depends on
11.
12. In p-method convergence to accurate solution 50? is obtained by
13. Which method is for solving large dynamic response problem when load is varying
14. By resembling the mode the no. of non-zero elements in a stress stiffness matrix
15.


Non linear analysis high loads

Accuracy of fem solns more n displacements

Response to resonance options r mass, natural frequency, stiffness

Structural displacement r continuous only @ nodes, oly @ edges,across the element, all
over the structure

Rigid elements result in supresssin dof

Element stiffness matrix define relationship b/w displacement n loads

Spring const 4 spring element-

p-method convergence increase order of elements 4m lin to parabolic, cubic

large dynamic response probs- transient dynamic analysis

renumberin of nodes- optimization

lumped element- mass moment of inertia

strain energy + scalar qty

2d element- thicknesss

1d ele area

Critical buckling load found by non linear static analysis

Body wit 6 dof converges wit plane wit 3 dof resultin dof - ?

Bandwidth of structural stiffness matrix


If 2D elements are being used, the thickness property is

required. 1D beam elements require area, Ixx, Iyy, Ixy, J, & a direction cosine property,

which defines the direction of the beam axis in 3D space. Shell elements, which are

2D in nature (2D elements in 3D space), require orientation & neutral surface offset

parameters to be defined. Special elements (mass, contact, spring, gap, coupling,

damper etc.) require properties (specific to the element type) to be defined for their

use.


Critical buckling load analysis (also known as Eigenvalue buckling analysis) examines
the geometric stability of models under primarily axial load. Buckling can be catastrophic
if it occurs in the normal use of most products. Once the geometry starts to deform, it can
no longer withstand even a fraction of the initially applied force