Celebrating 40 Years of

Technical Excellence
Modified Black Oil Properties: A Practical
Treatment of Gas Condensate and Volatile
Oil PVT
Community Update
Fekete News & Notes
Engineering & Business News from Fekete Associates Inc.
news
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This year, Fekete is celebrating its 40th year of service to
the oil and gas industry. Fekete started as an
Alberta-based two-man organization, and has since
grown into an internationally recognized company with
more than 190 employees. We have been on the leading
edge of research in reservoir engineering for the last 40
years, and our employees are some of the most sought-after technical
experts in their respective fields.
Were frequently asked about the meaning of Fekete. The company was
named after its founder, Tibor Fekete. Tibor immigrated to Canada as a
young engineer after the failed Hungarian revolution of 1956. After working
for a producing company, Tibor established a consulting service in 1973 to
provide reserve and deliverability studies to supply natural gas to farm
co-operatives. He was one of the early adopters of pressure transient
analysis techniques, which in those days consisted of hand-drawn Horner
and AOF plots. In 1979, the first F.A.S.T. WellTest software was
programmed by one of our earliest (and current) employees, Karel Zaoral,
on an HP-9845. This was in the days before the first IBM PC and there were
no programming courses available in universities.
For many years, the software we designed was principally a tool used by
Feketes engineers in performing consulting services for our clients. In
1983, after many lengthy and passionate debates, we made a critical
business decision to license our software to the rest of the industry. That
decision is symbolic of much of what Fekete has done in the past 40 years.
Our staff believed that, by committing to technical excellence, trusting our
own instincts and going for it, we could build a company of which we
would be proud; where we thrived on challenges and where we loved
learning from each other.
Again, in 2013 we have made another critical business decision. It is our
pleasure to announce that Fekete has recently been acquired by IHS Inc.
We believe that this new alignment provides the best in energy technical
Dave Dunn
President
Spring 2013
intelligence. It will combine Feketes
engineering software products, consulting
services and training programs with the IHS
Energy Insight, reservoir engineering and
information products to address the needs of
oil and gas engineers all over the world.
One thing Ive learned, after my 25 years in this business, is that it is the
people, and not the processes, that define the success and character of a
company. Ive been blessed to spend my career working with an
extraordinary group of friends who have all contributed their unique skills
and who have chosen to stick together through the years. So, to the
Feketies, Im immensely proud of each and every one of you and look
forward to what the future will bring.
Finally, to you, our clients, we say THANK YOU. It is your support,
encouragement, challenges and friendships that we take away as the
rewards for continuing to push the boundaries of new ideas in the
constantly changing oil patch.
In Hungarian,
Fekete means
black.
FUN FACT!
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Copyright 2013FeketeAssociatesInc. PrintedinCanada
Feketes Community of Best Practice program continues
to grow. With over 200 wells and 11 member companies,
the Eagle Ford Community of Best Practice is well into its
second year, and continues to advance our understanding
of this complex liquids-rich play. Our Bakken Community
of Best Practice is forming in a few months. Much interest
has been expressed in founding communities in other
plays such as the Utica, Niobrara, Horn River, Haynesville,
Marcellus, and Montney.
Feketes Community of Best Practice program is a
collaborative platform for sharing data, well analysis, and
play-specific knowledge between companies. As land
positions solidify, turn your competitors into collaborators
to ensure youre able to take maximum advantage of the
land positions your company has secured. Work together
to understand completion strategies, operational
considerations, and the best workflow for analyzing wells
in your area. Fekete works with both organizations to
ensure the data is shared equally. Fekete holds all
4
contributed data until both parties meet their reporting
obligations. If your organization contributes data over
and above that of the other party, Feketes expert
judgment will ensure equity between all community
members, and will only release data that ensures a level
playing field. All data will be documented and organized
so that it can easily be incorporated into your Reservoir
Engineering program.
In all of our communities, Fekete ensures that
interpretations are harmonized on a common set of
workflows. These workflows, and all methods developed
to meet community objectives, become a valuable
toolset for training your engineers in the latest
unconventional analysis techniques.
Contact us at community@fekete.com to discuss how
our Community of Best Practice program can help your
organization stay on the leading edge of unconventional
analysis.
You have paid
a lot of
attention to our
feedback and
have done an
excellent job
incorporating it
into your
software.
- Nathan McMahan
Sr. Reservoir Engineer,
ConocoPhillips, Oct 2012
Fekete News & Notes
It is our pleasure to
announce that Fekete has
been acquired by IHS Inc.
(NYSE: IHS www.ihs.com), a
leading provider of business
information, insight and analytics in
key areas shaping todays global
business landscape. Both the Fekete
and IHS teams are very excited
about the positive impact this
acquisition will have on the
capabilities, solutions and value we
deliver to you and your organization.
You
Tube
Were on YouTube
Have you visited our YouTube channel yet? Video resources for all of our software
products are available at youtube.com/user/feketesoftware.
Training
In addition to the public software and engineering courses that we hold regularly, we
also offer custom in-house software and engineering workshops to groups of eight or
more learners. Book an existing course for your group, or allow us to customize your
training to include analysis of your data, and to create a workflow to suit your specific
assets. Visit fekete.com to learn more about Fekete training.
Introducing our NEW Website
Have you visited fekete.com lately?
In honor of our 40th Anniversary, we have completely re-designed our website. Our
new site is user friendly and easy to navigate. You can effortlessly locate all of the
great technical content youve come to expect from us, including published papers,
our complete technical video series, and software training videos. You can register for
one of our public training courses, learn the Golden Rules of Well Test Interpretation,
or find out about current employment opportunities.
Figure 2- Black Oil properties vs. Modified Black Oil Properties
Black Oil Properties Modified Black Oil Properties
Rs = Go / No
Bo = Vo / No
Bgd = Vg / Gg
Rs = Go / No
Rc = Ng / Gg
Bo = Vo / No
Bgd = Vg / Gg
The modified black oil PVT model allows reservoir engineers to
account for complex PVT behavior that arises in gas condensate and
volatile oil reservoirs.
Gas-Condensate and Volatile Oil systems contain gas which may
have non-negligible amounts of vaporized liquid hydrocarbons, and
this may have a significant impact on fluid behavior. Nowadays, the
increasing price of liquid hydrocarbons compared to the gas price
has raised more interest in improving the modeling of these reservoirs
and for devising better tools for more realistic forecasts of surface
liquid yields.
Common black oil properties do not consider the liquid hydrocarbon
content of the gas phase. Black Oil properties have been well-defined
and applied in different areas of modeling and analysis; however
modified black oil properties for usage with gas condensate and
volatile oil have been largely overlooked. In the modified black oil
model, two new properties are needed; vaporized oil ratio (Rv) and
dry gas formation volume factor (Bgd).
To explain these new properties, first consider Figure 1, which
illustrates the distribution between the phases at given reservoir
conditions. Excluding water, in both black oil and modified black oil
modeling, it is assumed that there are two components (separator gas
(G) and stock tank oil (N)) and two phases (gas phase (g) and oil
standard conditions, "Rv" describes the volume of oil (condensate) that
will be produced, given a certain volume of separator gas (see Figure 2).
For a specific rich-gas system, the vaporized gas ratio (Rv) is a function
of pressure, temperature and separator conditions.
There are only few correlations for estimating Rv. We assessed all of
the available correlations qualitatively and the "Rv" correlation that was
chosen for Feketes software was Ovalle et al.s correlation (2005)
i
. This
correlation showed more reasonable responses to the controlling
parameters (i.e. reservoir temperature, oil API gravity and separator
conditions).
The other distinct modified black oil property is the dry gas formation
volume factor (Bgd). Before any discussion, we need to distinguish
between wet gas formation volume factor (Bg) and Bgd. Referring to
Figure 1, the wet gas formation volume factor is the ratio of the gas phase
at given pressure and temperature (Vg) to the equivalent volume of the
whole gas phase at standard condition; however, the dry gas formation
volume factor (Bgd) is the ratio between the volume of gas phase at given
conditions (Vg) to the volume of its Gas component (Gg) at standard
conditions. In conventional black oil applications, Ng is zero, which
causes Bgd and Bg to become the same. However, for modified
black oil applications, we need to differentiate between Bg and Bgd.
Although there is no correlation available for "Bgd", it can be calculated
simply by using the following relationship between Bg and Bgd
ii
:
measurement of oil density during CCE and CVD experiments to be used for
volume shift corrections.
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For gas condensates, Walsh and Towler (1995)
v
presented another procedure
which is based on the material balance calculation. This procedure does not
use EOS modeling; it uses only the measured quantities from a CVD test.
Fekete has improved upon this method and has developed a workflow to
calculate all the modified black oil properties simultaneously only based on
the results of CVD and CCE tests. The procedure honors both material
balance and consistency checks. Our Software Development team plans to
make this feature available in Fekete Harmony soon.
Applications:
All the current numerical models in Fekete Harmony are black oil models.
Therefore, the simulation results for gas condensates and volatile oil
reservoirs may not be fully accurate in some cases. Particularly for gas
condensate reservoirs, the black oil numerical models cannot predict the
condensate drop-out in the reservoir, which affects both condensate surface
yield and well productivity. The modified black oil numerical simulator is
currently under development and will be added to the existing numerical
models in Fekete Harmony.
The current analytical models, on the other hand, have the ability to provide a
split condensate forecast based on Rv. One assumption of this feature is
that the bottomhole pressure is the controlling pressure for splitting the
condensate from dry gas, in conjunction with Rv functionality. Numerical
simulations (both compositional and modified black oil simulations)
(Whitson, 2012)
vi
verified that this is a reasonable assumption. Although the
analytical models cannot simulate the liquid drop-out around the wellbore
nor its influence on flow hindrance, they can mimic it using the existing
feature of changing skin with time.
In wellbore and pipeline multiphase calculations, it is important to have a
good estimation of liquid hold-up and also in-situ rates of different phases at
any pressure and temperature. Consequently, Rv can be used here. The
difference between the gas phase liquid contents (Rv) at two ends of any
segment of the pipe is the indication of liquid hold-up in that segment. For
calculations of the in-situ rates, we need to recall the concept of material
balance of oil- and gas-components all along the wellbore or any pipe. At
any point along a pipeline, we know that the total amount of the oil- and
gas-components are the same; the only thing which is different is their
distribution in terms of oil and gas phases.
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3
Modified Black Oil
Properties
A Practical Treatment of Gas
Condensate and Volatile Oil PVT
Mohammad Rahmanian
Reservoir Engineer/Numerical Technical Advisor
(1) Gg Go G + =
(2) Ng No N + =
i A.P. Ovalle; C.P. Lenn; and W.D. McCain Jr.; Tools To Manage Gas/Condensate Reservoirs: Novel
Fluid-Property Correlations Based on Commonly Available Field Data; SPE 10320; (2005).
ii Curtis H. Whitson and Michael R. Brul; Phase Behavior; Monograph Volume 20 SPE, Henry L.
Doherty Series, Chapter 7, Richardson, Texas (2000).
iii K. H. Coats; Simulation of Gas Condensate Reservoir Performance; SPE 10512; (1985).
iv C. H. Whitson; S. B. Trop; Evaluating Constant Volume Depletion Data; SPE 10067; (1983).
v M. P. Walsh; B. F. Towler; Methods Computes PVT Properties for Gas Condensate; oil and gas
journal; July 31, 1995; 93, 31, p 83-86.
vi C. H. Whitson and S. Sunjerga; PVT in Liquid-Rich Shale Reservoirs; SPE 155499; (2012).
pressure is used to distinguish
between saturated and
undersaturated oil.
For calculating "Rv" and "Bgd"
from conventional laboratory
tests, Coat (1985)
iii
and
Whitson and Trop (1983)
iv
have
suggested two compositional
algorithms using
equation-of-state (EOS)
modeling. In both algorithms,
the EOS model should be
tuned based on the available
PVT tests. Unfortunately, the
oil phase properties (Bo and
Rs) obtained by these two
methods are not reliable due to
the error in the EOS-calculated
oil density. Furthermore, for
gas condensate, there is no
phase (o)); each of the components can exist
in either phase. The amount of the produced
gas at the separator is the summation of gas
component that comes from of the gas phase
(Gg), and the gas component that comes from
the oil phase (dissolved gas, Go). Likewise,
the stock tank oil (N) comes from both the oil
phase (No) and the gas phase (vaporized oil,
Ng). In the conventional black oil properties
the Ng is neglected (Figure 2).
In situ gas phase ow rate
In situ oil phase ow rate
Gas component (separator gas) ow rate
Oil component (stock tank) ow rate
Soluton gas rato
Vaporized oil rato
Oil formaton volume factor
Wet gas formaton volume factor
Dry gas formaton volume factor
Gas component (separator gas) in oil phase
Gas component (separator gas) in gas phase
Oil component (stock tank) in oil phase
Oil component (stock tank) in gas phase
Universal gas constant
Conversion factor
Standard conditon temperature
Standard conditon pressure
Temperature, absolute
Pressure
Oil density at standard conditon
Stock tank oil molecular weight
Gas compressibility factor
CCE Constant Compositon Expansion
CVD Constant Volume Depleton
Nomenclature
(4)
Psc Z T
Tsc P
Bg =
(3)
ST
o M

ST
o
=

1 Rv
Bg Bgd +
RTsc
Psc
Figure 1- Typical Reservoir Fluid Sample at Reservoir Condition
(Explanation of hydrocarbon phases and components)
By rearrangement, the in situ rates of the gas and oil phases at each
location of the pipe can be calculated as:

(6)
Bgd
q
G
= + Rs
qg q
o
Bo
* *
(5)
Bo
q
N
= + Rv
q
o
qg
Bgd
* *
(7) =

q
N Rs
q
G
qg
*
Bgd
Rs Rv 1
(8) =

q
G Rv

q
N
q
o
*
Bo
Rs Rv 1
In summary, the inclusion of modified black oil properties will
provide significant benefits across Feketes suite of software, while
maintaining ease of use and practicality. For F.A.S.T. RTA and
F.A.S.T. WellTest, it will allow us to simulate liquid dropout and
associated productivity loss in retrograde condensate and volatile
oil reservoirs. In F.A.S.T. VirtuWell, it will allow us to account for
the condensation of hydrocarbon liquids within the wellstream, prior
to reaching the separator, thereby providing more reliable pressure
loss predictions. In F.A.S.T. Piper, it will allow us to account for
liquid holdup due to condensate dropout in pipelines.
Vaporized Oil Ratio (Rv) and Dry Gas
Formation Volume Factor (Bgd):
Analogous to the solution gas ratio (Rs) in
the oil phase, the vaporized oil ratio (Rv) is
defined in the gas phase. Physically, if a gas
sample at reservoir conditions is brought to
This equation also shows that if the "Rv" is zero (as in conventional
black oil); the "Bg" and "Bgd" are equal. Though the calculation of "Bg"
is as easy as the equation shown below, the gas compressibility factor
"Z" is a function of gas specific gravity which itself is a function of the
liquid content of the gas "Rv". Therefore, since the gas specific gravity
and the "Z" factor may not be constant in modified black oil properties,
the "Bg" needs to be updated accordingly.
Another complication that we track is the effect of the degree of gas
saturation on "Bgd" as described by the dew point pressure. This is
analogous to computing "Bo" in the oil case, where the bubble point
Figure 2- Black Oil properties vs. Modified Black Oil Properties
Black Oil Properties Modified Black Oil Properties
Rs = Go / No
Bo = Vo / No
Bgd = Vg / Gg
Rs = Go / No
Rc = Ng / Gg
Bo = Vo / No
Bgd = Vg / Gg
The modified black oil PVT model allows reservoir engineers to
account for complex PVT behavior that arises in gas condensate and
volatile oil reservoirs.
Gas-Condensate and Volatile Oil systems contain gas which may
have non-negligible amounts of vaporized liquid hydrocarbons, and
this may have a significant impact on fluid behavior. Nowadays, the
increasing price of liquid hydrocarbons compared to the gas price
has raised more interest in improving the modeling of these reservoirs
and for devising better tools for more realistic forecasts of surface
liquid yields.
Common black oil properties do not consider the liquid hydrocarbon
content of the gas phase. Black Oil properties have been well-defined
and applied in different areas of modeling and analysis; however
modified black oil properties for usage with gas condensate and
volatile oil have been largely overlooked. In the modified black oil
model, two new properties are needed; vaporized oil ratio (Rv) and
dry gas formation volume factor (Bgd).
To explain these new properties, first consider Figure 1, which
illustrates the distribution between the phases at given reservoir
conditions. Excluding water, in both black oil and modified black oil
modeling, it is assumed that there are two components (separator gas
(G) and stock tank oil (N)) and two phases (gas phase (g) and oil
standard conditions, "Rv" describes the volume of oil (condensate) that
will be produced, given a certain volume of separator gas (see Figure 2).
For a specific rich-gas system, the vaporized gas ratio (Rv) is a function
of pressure, temperature and separator conditions.
There are only few correlations for estimating Rv. We assessed all of
the available correlations qualitatively and the "Rv" correlation that was
chosen for Feketes software was Ovalle et al.s correlation (2005)
i
. This
correlation showed more reasonable responses to the controlling
parameters (i.e. reservoir temperature, oil API gravity and separator
conditions).
The other distinct modified black oil property is the dry gas formation
volume factor (Bgd). Before any discussion, we need to distinguish
between wet gas formation volume factor (Bg) and Bgd. Referring to
Figure 1, the wet gas formation volume factor is the ratio of the gas phase
at given pressure and temperature (Vg) to the equivalent volume of the
whole gas phase at standard condition; however, the dry gas formation
volume factor (Bgd) is the ratio between the volume of gas phase at given
conditions (Vg) to the volume of its Gas component (Gg) at standard
conditions. In conventional black oil applications, Ng is zero, which
causes Bgd and Bg to become the same. However, for modified
black oil applications, we need to differentiate between Bg and Bgd.
Although there is no correlation available for "Bgd", it can be calculated
simply by using the following relationship between Bg and Bgd
ii
:
measurement of oil density during CCE and CVD experiments to be used for
volume shift corrections.
S
p
r
i
n
g

2
0
1
3
2
For gas condensates, Walsh and Towler (1995)
v
presented another procedure
which is based on the material balance calculation. This procedure does not
use EOS modeling; it uses only the measured quantities from a CVD test.
Fekete has improved upon this method and has developed a workflow to
calculate all the modified black oil properties simultaneously only based on
the results of CVD and CCE tests. The procedure honors both material
balance and consistency checks. Our Software Development team plans to
make this feature available in Fekete Harmony soon.
Applications:
All the current numerical models in Fekete Harmony are black oil models.
Therefore, the simulation results for gas condensates and volatile oil
reservoirs may not be fully accurate in some cases. Particularly for gas
condensate reservoirs, the black oil numerical models cannot predict the
condensate drop-out in the reservoir, which affects both condensate surface
yield and well productivity. The modified black oil numerical simulator is
currently under development and will be added to the existing numerical
models in Fekete Harmony.
The current analytical models, on the other hand, have the ability to provide a
split condensate forecast based on Rv. One assumption of this feature is
that the bottomhole pressure is the controlling pressure for splitting the
condensate from dry gas, in conjunction with Rv functionality. Numerical
simulations (both compositional and modified black oil simulations)
(Whitson, 2012)
vi
verified that this is a reasonable assumption. Although the
analytical models cannot simulate the liquid drop-out around the wellbore
nor its influence on flow hindrance, they can mimic it using the existing
feature of changing skin with time.
In wellbore and pipeline multiphase calculations, it is important to have a
good estimation of liquid hold-up and also in-situ rates of different phases at
any pressure and temperature. Consequently, Rv can be used here. The
difference between the gas phase liquid contents (Rv) at two ends of any
segment of the pipe is the indication of liquid hold-up in that segment. For
calculations of the in-situ rates, we need to recall the concept of material
balance of oil- and gas-components all along the wellbore or any pipe. At
any point along a pipeline, we know that the total amount of the oil- and
gas-components are the same; the only thing which is different is their
distribution in terms of oil and gas phases.
n
e
w
s
3
Modified Black Oil
Properties
A Practical Treatment of Gas
Condensate and Volatile Oil PVT
Mohammad Rahmanian
Reservoir Engineer/Numerical Technical Advisor
(1) Gg Go G + =
(2) Ng No N + =
i A.P. Ovalle; C.P. Lenn; and W.D. McCain Jr.; Tools To Manage Gas/Condensate Reservoirs: Novel
Fluid-Property Correlations Based on Commonly Available Field Data; SPE 10320; (2005).
ii Curtis H. Whitson and Michael R. Brul; Phase Behavior; Monograph Volume 20 SPE, Henry L.
Doherty Series, Chapter 7, Richardson, Texas (2000).
iii K. H. Coats; Simulation of Gas Condensate Reservoir Performance; SPE 10512; (1985).
iv C. H. Whitson; S. B. Trop; Evaluating Constant Volume Depletion Data; SPE 10067; (1983).
v M. P. Walsh; B. F. Towler; Methods Computes PVT Properties for Gas Condensate; oil and gas
journal; July 31, 1995; 93, 31, p 83-86.
vi C. H. Whitson and S. Sunjerga; PVT in Liquid-Rich Shale Reservoirs; SPE 155499; (2012).
pressure is used to distinguish
between saturated and
undersaturated oil.
For calculating "Rv" and "Bgd"
from conventional laboratory
tests, Coat (1985)
iii
and
Whitson and Trop (1983)
iv
have
suggested two compositional
algorithms using
equation-of-state (EOS)
modeling. In both algorithms,
the EOS model should be
tuned based on the available
PVT tests. Unfortunately, the
oil phase properties (Bo and
Rs) obtained by these two
methods are not reliable due to
the error in the EOS-calculated
oil density. Furthermore, for
gas condensate, there is no
phase (o)); each of the components can exist
in either phase. The amount of the produced
gas at the separator is the summation of gas
component that comes from of the gas phase
(Gg), and the gas component that comes from
the oil phase (dissolved gas, Go). Likewise,
the stock tank oil (N) comes from both the oil
phase (No) and the gas phase (vaporized oil,
Ng). In the conventional black oil properties
the Ng is neglected (Figure 2).
In situ gas phase ow rate
In situ oil phase ow rate
Gas component (separator gas) ow rate
Oil component (stock tank) ow rate
Soluton gas rato
Vaporized oil rato
Oil formaton volume factor
Wet gas formaton volume factor
Dry gas formaton volume factor
Gas component (separator gas) in oil phase
Gas component (separator gas) in gas phase
Oil component (stock tank) in oil phase
Oil component (stock tank) in gas phase
Universal gas constant
Conversion factor
Standard conditon temperature
Standard conditon pressure
Temperature, absolute
Pressure
Oil density at standard conditon
Stock tank oil molecular weight
Gas compressibility factor
CCE Constant Compositon Expansion
CVD Constant Volume Depleton
Nomenclature
(4)
Psc Z T
Tsc P
Bg =
(3)
ST
o M

ST
o
=

1 Rv
Bg Bgd +
RTsc
Psc
Figure 1- Typical Reservoir Fluid Sample at Reservoir Condition
(Explanation of hydrocarbon phases and components)
By rearrangement, the in situ rates of the gas and oil phases at each
location of the pipe can be calculated as:

(6)
Bgd
q
G
= + Rs
qg q
o
Bo
* *
(5)
Bo
q
N
= + Rv
q
o
qg
Bgd
* *
(7) =

q
N Rs
q
G
qg
*
Bgd
Rs Rv 1
(8) =

q
G Rv

q
N
q
o
*
Bo
Rs Rv 1
In summary, the inclusion of modified black oil properties will
provide significant benefits across Feketes suite of software, while
maintaining ease of use and practicality. For F.A.S.T. RTA and
F.A.S.T. WellTest, it will allow us to simulate liquid dropout and
associated productivity loss in retrograde condensate and volatile
oil reservoirs. In F.A.S.T. VirtuWell, it will allow us to account for
the condensation of hydrocarbon liquids within the wellstream, prior
to reaching the separator, thereby providing more reliable pressure
loss predictions. In F.A.S.T. Piper, it will allow us to account for
liquid holdup due to condensate dropout in pipelines.
Vaporized Oil Ratio (Rv) and Dry Gas
Formation Volume Factor (Bgd):
Analogous to the solution gas ratio (Rs) in
the oil phase, the vaporized oil ratio (Rv) is
defined in the gas phase. Physically, if a gas
sample at reservoir conditions is brought to
This equation also shows that if the "Rv" is zero (as in conventional
black oil); the "Bg" and "Bgd" are equal. Though the calculation of "Bg"
is as easy as the equation shown below, the gas compressibility factor
"Z" is a function of gas specific gravity which itself is a function of the
liquid content of the gas "Rv". Therefore, since the gas specific gravity
and the "Z" factor may not be constant in modified black oil properties,
the "Bg" needs to be updated accordingly.
Another complication that we track is the effect of the degree of gas
saturation on "Bgd" as described by the dew point pressure. This is
analogous to computing "Bo" in the oil case, where the bubble point
Celebrating 40 Years of
Technical Excellence
Modified Black Oil Properties: A Practical
Treatment of Gas Condensate and Volatile
Oil PVT
Community Update
Fekete News & Notes
Engineering & Business News from Fekete Associates Inc.
news
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This year, Fekete is celebrating its 40th year of service to
the oil and gas industry. Fekete started as an
Alberta-based two-man organization, and has since
grown into an internationally recognized company with
more than 190 employees. We have been on the leading
edge of research in reservoir engineering for the last 40
years, and our employees are some of the most sought-after technical
experts in their respective fields.
Were frequently asked about the meaning of Fekete. The company was
named after its founder, Tibor Fekete. Tibor immigrated to Canada as a
young engineer after the failed Hungarian revolution of 1956. After working
for a producing company, Tibor established a consulting service in 1973 to
provide reserve and deliverability studies to supply natural gas to farm
co-operatives. He was one of the early adopters of pressure transient
analysis techniques, which in those days consisted of hand-drawn Horner
and AOF plots. In 1979, the first F.A.S.T. WellTest software was
programmed by one of our earliest (and current) employees, Karel Zaoral,
on an HP-9845. This was in the days before the first IBM PC and there were
no programming courses available in universities.
For many years, the software we designed was principally a tool used by
Feketes engineers in performing consulting services for our clients. In
1983, after many lengthy and passionate debates, we made a critical
business decision to license our software to the rest of the industry. That
decision is symbolic of much of what Fekete has done in the past 40 years.
Our staff believed that, by committing to technical excellence, trusting our
own instincts and going for it, we could build a company of which we
would be proud; where we thrived on challenges and where we loved
learning from each other.
Again, in 2013 we have made another critical business decision. It is our
pleasure to announce that Fekete has recently been acquired by IHS Inc.
We believe that this new alignment provides the best in energy technical
Dave Dunn
President
Spring 2013
intelligence. It will combine Feketes
engineering software products, consulting
services and training programs with the IHS
Energy Insight, reservoir engineering and
information products to address the needs of
oil and gas engineers all over the world.
One thing Ive learned, after my 25 years in this business, is that it is the
people, and not the processes, that define the success and character of a
company. Ive been blessed to spend my career working with an
extraordinary group of friends who have all contributed their unique skills
and who have chosen to stick together through the years. So, to the
Feketies, Im immensely proud of each and every one of you and look
forward to what the future will bring.
Finally, to you, our clients, we say THANK YOU. It is your support,
encouragement, challenges and friendships that we take away as the
rewards for continuing to push the boundaries of new ideas in the
constantly changing oil patch.
In Hungarian,
Fekete means
black.
FUN FACT!
n
e
w
s
Copyright 2013FeketeAssociatesInc. PrintedinCanada
Feketes Community of Best Practice program continues
to grow. With over 200 wells and 11 member companies,
the Eagle Ford Community of Best Practice is well into its
second year, and continues to advance our understanding
of this complex liquids-rich play. Our Bakken Community
of Best Practice is forming in a few months. Much interest
has been expressed in founding communities in other
plays such as the Utica, Niobrara, Horn River, Haynesville,
Marcellus, and Montney.
Feketes Community of Best Practice program is a
collaborative platform for sharing data, well analysis, and
play-specific knowledge between companies. As land
positions solidify, turn your competitors into collaborators
to ensure youre able to take maximum advantage of the
land positions your company has secured. Work together
to understand completion strategies, operational
considerations, and the best workflow for analyzing wells
in your area. Fekete works with both organizations to
ensure the data is shared equally. Fekete holds all
4
contributed data until both parties meet their reporting
obligations. If your organization contributes data over
and above that of the other party, Feketes expert
judgment will ensure equity between all community
members, and will only release data that ensures a level
playing field. All data will be documented and organized
so that it can easily be incorporated into your Reservoir
Engineering program.
In all of our communities, Fekete ensures that
interpretations are harmonized on a common set of
workflows. These workflows, and all methods developed
to meet community objectives, become a valuable
toolset for training your engineers in the latest
unconventional analysis techniques.
Contact us at community@fekete.com to discuss how
our Community of Best Practice program can help your
organization stay on the leading edge of unconventional
analysis.
You have paid
a lot of
attention to our
feedback and
have done an
excellent job
incorporating it
into your
software.
- Nathan McMahan
Sr. Reservoir Engineer,
ConocoPhillips, Oct 2012
Fekete News & Notes
It is our pleasure to
announce that Fekete has
been acquired by IHS Inc.
(NYSE: IHS www.ihs.com), a
leading provider of business
information, insight and analytics in
key areas shaping todays global
business landscape. Both the Fekete
and IHS teams are very excited
about the positive impact this
acquisition will have on the
capabilities, solutions and value we
deliver to you and your organization.
You
Tube
Were on YouTube
Have you visited our YouTube channel yet? Video resources for all of our software
products are available at youtube.com/user/feketesoftware.
Training
In addition to the public software and engineering courses that we hold regularly, we
also offer custom in-house software and engineering workshops to groups of eight or
more learners. Book an existing course for your group, or allow us to customize your
training to include analysis of your data, and to create a workflow to suit your specific
assets. Visit fekete.com to learn more about Fekete training.
Introducing our NEW Website
Have you visited fekete.com lately?
In honor of our 40th Anniversary, we have completely re-designed our website. Our
new site is user friendly and easy to navigate. You can effortlessly locate all of the
great technical content youve come to expect from us, including published papers,
our complete technical video series, and software training videos. You can register for
one of our public training courses, learn the Golden Rules of Well Test Interpretation,
or find out about current employment opportunities.