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Atorvastatin calcium trihydrate EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 8.

0
C. (3R)-N-methyl-3-(4-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-
amine,
D. (3R)-N-methyl-3-(3-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-
amine,
E. (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (L-mandelic acid),
F. (3S)-3-(3-uoro-2-methylphenoxy)-N-methyl-3-
phenylpropan-1-amine,
G. 3,3-[(2-methylbenzene-1,3-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(N-methyl-
3-phenylpropan-1-amine),
H. 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol.
04/2011:2191
ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM
TRIHYDRATE
Atorvastatinum calcicum trihydricum
C
66
H
68
CaF
2
N
4
O
10
,3H
2
O M
r
1209
[344423-98-9]
DEFINITION
Calcium (3R,5R)-7-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-
3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-
dihydroxyheptanoate trihydrate.
Content : 97.0 per cent to 102.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).
CHARACTERS
Appearance: white or almost white powder.
Solubility: very slightly soluble in water, slightly soluble in
ethanol (96 per cent), practically insoluble in methylene
chloride.
It shows polymorphism (5.9).
IDENTIFICATION
A. Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).
Comparison: atorvastatin calcium trihydrate CRS.
If the spectra obtained in the solid state show differences,
dissolve the substance to be examined and the reference
substance separately in methanol R, evaporate to dryness
and record new spectra using the residues.
B. Enantiomeric purity (see Tests).
C. Water (see Tests).
D. Ignite. The residue gives reaction (b) of calcium (2.3.1).
Filtration may be necessary in case the residue does not
completely dissolve.
TESTS
Enantiomeric purity. Liquid chromatography (2.2.29).
Solvent mixture: anhydrous ethanol R, methanol R (50:50 V/V).
Test solution. Dissolve 10 mg of the substance to be examined
in 4 mL of the solvent mixture and dilute to 10.0 mL with
hexane R.
Reference solution (a). Dissolve 2 mg of atorvastatin
impurity E CRS in methanol R and dilute to 20.0 mL with the
same solvent (solution A). Dissolve 10 mg of the substance
to be examined in 1.25 mL of methanol R, add 0.75 mL of
solution A and 2 mL of anhydrous ethanol R and dilute to
10.0 mL with hexane R.
Reference solution (b). To 2.0 mL of the test solution add
40.0 mL of the solvent mixture and dilute to 100.0 mL with
hexane R. To 3.0 mL of this solution add 5 mL of the solvent
mixture and dilute to 20.0 mL with hexane R.
Column:
size: l = 0.25 m, = 4.6 mm;
stationary phase: amylose derivative of silica gel for
chromatography R (10 m).
Mobile phase: trifluoroacetic acid R, anhydrous ethanol R,
hexane R (0.1:6:94 V/V/V).
Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min.
Detection: spectrophotometer at 244 nm.
Injection: 20 L.
Run time: 1.2 times the retention time of atorvastatin.
Relative retention with reference to atorvastatin (retention
time = about 44 min): impurity E = about 0.8.
System suitability: reference solution (a) :
resolution: minimum 2.0 between the peaks due to
impurity E and atorvastatin.
Limit :
impurity E: not more than the area of the principal peak
in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b)
(0.3 per cent).
Related substances. Liquid chromatography (2.2.29).
Test solution (a). Dissolve 40.0 mg of the substance to be
examined in dimethylformamide R and dilute to 100.0 mL
with the same solvent.
Test solution (b). Dissolve 50 mg of the substance to be
examined in dimethylformamide R and dilute to 50.0 mL with
the same solvent.
Reference solution (a). Dissolve 40.0 mg of atorvastatin
calcium trihydrate CRS in dimethylformamide R and dilute to
100.0 mL with the same solvent.
1598 See the information section on general monographs (cover pages)
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 8.0 Atorvastatin calcium trihydrate
Reference solution (b). Dilute 1.0 mL of test solution (b) to
100.0 mL with dimethylformamide R. Dilute 1.0 mL of this
solution to 10.0 mL with dimethylformamide R.
Reference solution (c). Dissolve 2.5 mg of atorvastatin
impurity A CRS, 2.5 mg of atorvastatin impurity B CRS,
2.5 mg of atorvastatin impurity C CRS, 2.5 mg of atorvastatin
impurity D CRS and 2.5 mg of the substance to be examined
in dimethylformamide R and dilute to 50.0 mL with the same
solvent.
Column:
size: l = 0.25 m, = 4.6 mm;
stationary phase: octylsilyl silica gel for chromatography R
(5 m) ;
temperature: 35 C.
Mobile phase:
mobile phase A: tetrahydrofuran R, acetonitrile R, 3.9 g/L
solution of ammonium acetate R adjusted to pH 5.0 with
glacial acetic acid R (12:21:67 V/V/V);
mobile phase B: tetrahydrofuran R, 3.9 g/L solution of
ammonium acetate R adjusted to pH 5.0 with glacial acetic
acid R, acetonitrile R (12:27:61 V/V/V) ;
Time
(min)
Mobile phase A
(per cent V/V)
Mobile phase B
(per cent V/V)
0 - 40 100 0
40 - 70 100 20 0 80
70 - 85 20 0 80 100
Flow rate: 1.5 mL/min.
Detection: spectrophotometer at 244 nm.
Injection: 20 L of test solution (b) and reference solutions (b)
and (c).
Identification of impurities : use the chromatogram obtained
with reference solution (c) to identify the peaks due to
impurities A, B, C and D.
Relative retention with reference to atorvastatin
(retention time = about 33 min) : impurity A = about 0.8;
impurity B = about 0.9; impurity C = about 1.2;
impurity D = about 2.1.
If necessary, adjust the mobile phase by increasing or
decreasing the percentage of acetonitrile or the pH of the
ammonium acetate solution to achieve a retention time of
about 33 min for atorvastatin. For example, raising the pH
would decrease the retention time of atorvastatin.
System suitability: reference solution (c) :
resolution: minimum 1.5 between the peaks due to
impurity B and atorvastatin.
Limits :
impurities A, B: for each impurity, not more than 3 times
the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram
obtained with reference solution (b) (0.3 per cent) ;
impurities C, D: for each impurity, not more than 1.5 times
the area of the principal peak in the chromatogram
obtained with reference solution (b) (0.15 per cent) ;
unspecified impurities : for each impurity, not more than the
area of the principal peak in the chromatogram obtained
with reference solution (b) (0.10 per cent) ;
total : not more than 15 times the area of the principal peak
in the chromatogram obtained with reference solution (b)
(1.5 per cent) ;
disregard limit : 0.5 times the area of the principal
peak in the chromatogram obtained with reference
solution (b) (0.05 per cent) ; disregard the peak due to
dimethylformamide.
Sodium: maximum 0.4 per cent (anhydrous substance).
Atomic absorption spectrometry (2.2.23, Method I).
Solvent mixture: hydrochloric acid R, water R, methanol R
(2:25:75 V/V/V).
Test solution. Dissolve 5.0 mg in the solvent mixture and
dilute to 100.0 mL with the solvent mixture.
Reference solutions. Prepare the reference solutions using
sodium standard solution (50 ppm Na) R, diluting with the
solvent mixture.
Source: sodium hollow-cathode lamp.
Wavelength: 589.0 nm.
Atomisation device: air-acetylene ame.
Heavy metals (2.4.8): maximum 20 ppm.
Solvent mixture: water R, methanol R (10:90 V/V).
It complies with test H with the following modications.
Test solution. Dissolve 0.250 g of the substance to be examined
in 30 mL of the solvent mixture.
Reference solution. Dilute 0.5 mL of lead standard solution
(10 ppm Pb) R to 30 mL with the solvent mixture.
Blank solution: 30 mL of the solvent mixture.
Water (2.5.12) : 3.5 per cent to 5.5 per cent, determined on
0.130 g.
ASSAY
Liquid chromatography (2.2.29) as described in the test for
related substances with the following modication.
Injection: test solution (a) and reference solution (a).
Calculate the percentage content of C
66
H
68
CaF
2
N
4
O
10
from the
declared content of atorvastatin calcium trihydrate CRS.
IMPURITIES
Specified impurities : A, B, C, D, E.
Other detectable impurities (the following substances would,
if present at a sufcient level, be detected by one or other of
the tests in the monograph. They are limited by the general
acceptance criterion for other/unspecied impurities and/or
by the general monograph Substances for pharmaceutical use
(2034). It is therefore not necessary to identify these impurities
for demonstration of compliance. See also 5.10. Control of
impurities in substances for pharmaceutical use): F, G, H.
A. (3R,5R)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-[5-(1-methylethyl)-2,3-diphenyl-
4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]heptanoic acid
(desuoroatorvastatin),
B. (3RS,5SR)-7-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-
3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-
dihydroxyheptanoic acid,
General Notices (1) apply to all monographs and other texts 1599
Atovaquone EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 8.0
C. (3R,5R)-7-[2,3-bis(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-
4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-
dihydroxyheptanoic acid (uoroatorvastatin),
D. 3-[(4-uorophenyl)carbonyl]-2-(2-methylpropanoyl)-N,3-
diphenyloxirane-2-carboxamide,
E. (3S,5S)-7-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-
phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-
dihydroxyheptanoic acid (ent-atorvastatin),
F. (3R,5R)-7-[[(3R,5R)-7-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-
methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-
pyrrol-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoyl]amino]-3,5-
dihydroxyheptanoic acid,
G. (3R,5R)-7-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-
phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-
3-methoxyheptanoic acid (3-O-methylatorvastatin),
H. (4R,6R)-6-[2-[2-(4-uorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-
phenyl-4-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]ethyl]-4-
hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one.
07/2013:2192
ATOVAQUONE
Atovaquonum
C
22
H
19
ClO
3
M
r
366.8
[95233-18-4]
DEFINITION
2-[trans-4-(4-Chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxynaphtha-
lene-1,4-dione.
Content : 97.5 per cent to 102.0 per cent (anhydrous substance).
CHARACTERS
Appearance: yellow, crystalline powder.
Solubility: practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in
methylene chloride, very slightly soluble in methanol.
It shows polymorphism (5.9).
IDENTIFICATION
Infrared absorption spectrophotometry (2.2.24).
Comparison: atovaquone CRS.
If the spectra obtained show differences, dissolve 0.1 g of the
substance to be examined and 0.1 g of the reference substance
separately in 2.5 mL of a 50 g/L solution of potassium
hydroxide R in methanol R. Filter the solutions and add each
ltrate dropwise to a mixture of 0.8 mL of acetic acid R and
1.5 mL of methanol R, stirring continuously. Filter, wash the
residues with methanol R and then with water R, and dry
under vacuum at 55 C. Record new spectra using the residues.
TESTS
Related substances. Liquid chromatography (2.2.29). Carry
out the test protected from light.
Solvent mixture: water R, acetonitrile R1 (20:80 V/V).
Test solution. Dissolve 25.0 mg of the substance to be
examined in the solvent mixture and dilute to 100.0 mL with
the solvent mixture.
Reference solution (a). Dissolve 25.0 mg of atovaquone CRS
in the solvent mixture and dilute to 100.0 mL with the solvent
mixture.
Reference solution (b). Dissolve 2.5 mg of atovaquone for
system suitability CRS (containing impurities B and C) in the
solvent mixture and dilute to 10.0 mL with the solvent mixture.
Reference solution (c). Dilute 1.0 mL of the test solution to
100.0 mL with the solvent mixture. Dilute 1.0 mL of this
solution to 10.0 mL with the solvent mixture.
1600 See the information section on general monographs (cover pages)

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