1

lor more lnformaLlon, please conLacL:

!emllah Magnusson, +1 646-380-2337 / [emllah.magnusson[lLdp.org
kaL kerlln, +1 330-732-7704 / kekerlln[ucdavls.edu
uan kloLz, +1 301-280-3736 / dkloLz[burnesscommunlcaLlons.com

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nLW ?C8k (17 SepLember, 2014)-More Lhan $100 Lrllllon ln cumulaLlve publlc and prlvaLe spendlng, and
1,700 megaLons of annual carbon dloxlde (CC
2
)-a 40 percenL reducLlon of urban passenger LransporL
emlsslons-could be ellmlnaLed by 2030 lf Lhe world expands publlc LransporLaLlon, walklng and cycllng ln
clLles, accordlng Lo a new reporL released by Lhe unlverslLy of Callfornla, uavls, and Lhe lnsLlLuLe for
1ransporLaLlon and uevelopmenL ollcy (l1u).

lurLher, an esLlmaLed 1.4 mllllon early deaLhs could be avolded annually by 2030 lf governmenLs requlre Lhe
sLrongesL vehlcle polluLlon conLrols and ulLralow-sulfur fuels, accordlng Lo a relaLed analysls of Lhese urban
vehlcle acLlvlLy paLhways by Lhe lnLernaLlonal Councll on Clean 1ransporLaLlon (lCC1) lncluded ln Lhe reporL.

1ransporLaLlon, drlven by rapld growLh ln car use, has been Lhe fasLesL growlng source of CC
2
ln Lhe world,
sald Mlchael 8eplogle, l1u's managlng dlrecLor for pollcy and co-auLhor of Lhe reporL. An affordable buL
largely overlooked way Lo cuL LhaL polluLlon ls Lo glve people clean opLlons Lo use publlc LransporLaLlon,
walklng and cycllng, expandlng moblllLy opLlons especlally for Lhe poor and curblng alr polluLlon from Lrafflc."

1he analysls shows LhaL geLLlng away from car-cenLrlc developmenL wlll cuL urban CC
2
dramaLlcally and also
reduce cosLs, especlally ln rapldly expandlng economles," sald reporL co-auLhor Lew lulLon, co-dlrecLor of
nexLS1LS rogram aL Lhe lnsLlLuLe of 1ransporLaLlon SLudles aL uC uavls. lL ls also crlLlcal Lo reduce Lhe
energy use and carbon emlsslons of all vehlcles."

1he reporL, ! #$%&'$ ()*+ ,+)-. ,/01'2)%, ls Lhe flrsL sLudy Lo examlne how ma[or changes ln LransporL
lnvesLmenLs worldwlde would affecL urban passenger LransporL emlsslons as well as Lhe moblllLy of dlfferenL
lncome groups. 1he auLhors calculaLed CC
2
emlsslons ln 2030 under Lwo scenarlos, a buslness-as-usual
scenarlo and a Plgh ShlfL" scenarlo where governmenLs slgnlflcanLly lncreased rall and clean bus LransporL,
especlally 8us 8apld 1ranslL (881), and helped urban areas provlde lnfrasLrucLure Lo ensure safe walklng,
blcycllng and oLher acLlve forms of LransporLaLlon. 1he pro[ecLlons also lnclude movlng lnvesLmenLs away
from road consLrucLlon, parklng garages and oLher ways LhaL encourage car ownershlp.

under Lhls Plgh ShlfL, noL only would CC
2
emlsslons plummeL, buL Lhe neL flnanclal lmpacL of Lhls shlfL would
be an enormous savlngs over Lhe nexL 33 years, coverlng consLrucLlon, operaLlng, vehlcle and fuel-relaLed
cosLs.
2


1he reporL was released aL Lhe unlLed naLlons PablLaL lll reparaLory MeeLlng ln new ?ork on SepLember
17
Lh
, ln advance of Lhe SepLember 23
rd
unlLed naLlons SecreLary-Ceneral's CllmaLe SummlL, where many
naLlons and corporaLlons wlll announce volunLary commlLmenLs Lo reduce greenhouse gas emlsslons,
lncludlng new efforLs focused on susLalnable LransporLaLlon.

#;99;F "ABD@D9? +;8>I 9A ,AOD8@ "ABD@D9?
1he new reporL also descrlbes susLalnable LransporLaLlon as a key facLor ln economlc developmenL. under
Lhe Plgh ShlfL scenarlo, mass LranslL access ls pro[ecLed Lo more Lhan Lrlple for Lhe lowesL lncome groups and
more Lhan double for Lhe second lowesL groups. noLably, Lhe overall moblllLy evens ouL beLween lncome
groups, provldlng Lhose more lmpoverlshed wlLh beLLer access Lo employmenL and servlces LhaL can lmprove
Lhelr famlly llvellhoods.

1oday and ouL Lo 2030, lower lncome groups wlll have llmlLed access Lo cars ln mosL counLrles under almosL
any scenarlo, lmprovlng access Lo modern, clean, hlgh-capaclLy publlc LransporL ls cruclal," sald lulLon.

unmanaged growLh ln moLor vehlcle use LhreaLens Lo exacerbaLe growlng lncome lnequallLy and
envlronmenLal llls, whlle more susLalnable LransporL dellvers access for all, reduclng Lhese llls. 1hls reporL's
flndlngs should help supporL wlder agreemenL on cllmaLe pollcy, where cosLs and equlLy of Lhe cleanup
burden beLween rlch and poor are key lssues," noLed 8eplogle.

!GDIIDAJ ,98J>8F>I ,8K; +DK;I
Alr polluLlon ls a leadlng cause of early deaLh, responslble for more Lhan 3.2 mllllon early deaLhs annually.
Lxposure Lo vehlcle Lallplpe emlsslons ls assoclaLed wlLh lncreased rlsk of early deaLh from cardlopulmonary
dlsease and lung cancer, as well as resplraLory lnfecLlons ln chlldren. Car and dlesel exhausL also lncreases Lhe
rlsk of non-faLal healLh ouLcomes, lncludlng asLhma and cardlovascular dlsease.

1he lnLernaLlonal Councll on Clean 1ransporLaLlon evaluaLed Lhe lmpacLs of urban Lravel by cars, moLorcycles,
Lrucks and buses on Lhe number of early deaLhs from exposure Lo sooL emlLLed dlrecLly from vehlcle Lallplpes.
luLure growLh ln vehlcle acLlvlLy could produce a four-fold lncrease ln assoclaLed early deaLhs by 2030, even
wlLh a global shlfL Lo mass LranslL," sald lCC1's !oshua Mlller, a conLrlbuLor Lo Lhe sLudy. We could avold
abouL 1.4 mllllon early deaLhs annually lf naLlonal leaders commlLLed Lo a global pollcy roadmap LhaL requlres
Lhe sLrongesL vehlcle polluLlon conLrols and ulLralow-sulfur fuels." Cleaner buses alone would accounL for 20
percenL of Lhese beneflLs.

*=;@ !OAJAG? ,98J>8F>I ,8K; *=;@ 8J> H=9 H'
5
!GDIIDAJI
Whlle Lhls sLudy has noL focused on furLher acLlons Lo boosL moLor vehlcle fuel economy, lL Lakes lnLo
accounL exlsLlng pollcles LhaL, ln Lhe lnLernaLlonal Lnergy Agency's 8asellne scenarlo, lmprove average new
car fuel economy by 32 percenL ln counLrles LhaL belong Lo Lhe CrganlsaLlon for Lconomlc Co-operaLlon and
uevelopmenL (CLCu), a group of 34 of Lhe world's mosL developed, democraLlc, markeL economles, and 23
percenL ln non-CLCu counLrles.

1he Plgh ShlfL scenarlo lncreases Lhls Lo 36 percenL and 27 percenL respecLlvely, due Lo lmproved ln-use
drlvlng condlLlons and a sllghL shlfL Lo smaller vehlcles. Powever, Lhe Clobal luel Lconomy lnlLlaLlve (ClLl)
calls for much more: a 30 percenL reducLlon ln fuel use per kllomeLer for llghL-duLy vehlcles worldwlde by
2030. Achlevlng Lhe ClLl 2030 goal could reduce 700 megaLons of CC
2
annually beyond Lhe 1,700 reducLlon
posslble from a Plgh ShlfL scenarlo. 1aken LogeLher, achlevlng Lhls fuel economy goal wlLh beLLer publlc
LransporL, walklng and cycllng could cuL annual urban passenger LransporL CC
2
emlsslons ln 2030 by 33
percenL from whaL Lhey mlghL oLherwlse be ln 2030 and 10 percenL below 2010 levels.

3

H=99DJM !GDIIDAJI <D9C ,=I98DJ8B@; /F8JIPAF989DAJ $OFAII 9C; QAF@>RI HD9D;I
1ransporLaLlon ln urban areas accounLed for abouL 2,300 megaLons of CC
2
ln 2010, almosL one quarLer of
carbon emlsslons from all parLs of Lhe LransporLaLlon secLor. 8apld urbanlzaLlon-especlally ln fasL
developlng counLrles llke Chlna and lndla-wlll cause Lhese emlsslons Lo double by 2030 ln Lhe basellne
scenarlo.

Among Lhe counLrles examlned ln Lhe sLudy, Lhree sLand ouL:

-JD9;> ,989;I: CurrenLly Lhe world leader ln urban passenger LransporLaLlon CC
2
emlsslons, wlLh
nearly 670 megaLons annually, Lhe uS ls pro[ecLed Lo lower Lhese emlsslons Lo 360 megaLons by
2030 because of slower populaLlon growLh, hlgher fuel efflclencles, and a decllne ln drlvlng per
person LhaL has already sLarLed as people move back Lo clLles. 8uL Lhls pace can be sharply
acceleraLed wlLh more susLalnable LransporLaLlon opLlons, dropplng Lo abouL 280 megaLons, under
Lhe Plgh ShlfL scenarlo.
HCDJ8: CC
2
emlsslons from LransporLaLlon are expecLed Lo mushroom from 190 megaLons annually Lo
more Lhan 1,100 megaLons, due ln large parL Lo Lhe exploslve growLh of Chlna's urban areas, Lhe
growlng wealLh of Chlnese consumers, and Lhelr dependence on auLomoblles. 8uL Lhls lncrease can
be slashed Lo 630 megaLons under Lhe Plgh ShlfL scenarlo, ln whlch clLles develop exLenslve 881 and
meLro sysLems. 1he laLesL daLa show Chlna ls already sharply lncreaslng lnvesLmenLs ln publlc
LransporL.
0J>D8: CC
2
emlsslons are pro[ecLed Lo leap from abouL 70 megaLons Loday Lo 340 megaLons by 2030,
also because of growlng wealLh and urban populaLlons. 8uL Lhls lncrease can be moderaLed Lo only
330 megaLons, under Lhe Plgh ShlfL scenarlo, by addresslng cruclal deflclencles ln lndla's publlc
LransporL.

# # #

/C; 0JI9D9=9; EAF /F8JIPAF989DAJ 8J> (;K;@APG;J9 1A@DO? S0/(1T ls a global nonproflL LhaL helps clLles deslgn
and lmplemenL hlgh-quallLy LranslL sysLems Lo make communlLles more llvable, compeLlLlve and susLalnable.
l1u works wlLh clLles worldwlde Lo brlng abouL LransporL soluLlons LhaL cuL greenhouse gas emlsslons,
reduce poverLy, and lmprove Lhe quallLy of urban llfe. lease vlslL www.lLdp.org for more lnformaLlon.

-H (8KDI ls a global communlLy of lndlvlduals unlLed Lo beLLer humanlLy and our naLural world whlle seeklng
soluLlons Lo some of our mosL presslng challenges. LocaLed near Lhe Callfornla sLaLe caplLal, uC uavls has
more Lhan 34,000 sLudenLs, and Lhe full-Llme equlvalenL of 4,100 faculLy and oLher academlcs and 17,400
sLaff. 1he campus has an annual research budgeL of over $730 mllllon, a comprehenslve healLh sysLem and
abouL Lwo dozen speclallzed research cenLers. 1he unlverslLy offers lnLerdlsclpllnary graduaLe sLudy and 99
undergraduaLe ma[ors ln four colleges and slx professlonal schools.

0J9;FJ89DAJ8@ HA=JOD@ AJ H@;8J /F8JIPAF989DAJ S0HH/T ls a non-proflL research organlzaLlon dedlcaLed Lo
lmprovlng Lhe envlronmenLal performance and efflclency of LransporLaLlon Lo proLecL publlc healLh, Lhe
envlronmenL, and quallLy of llfe. lCC1 provldes naLlonal and local pollcymakers wlLh Lechnlcal analysls of
regulaLlons, flscal lncenLlves, and oLher measures for clean vehlcles and fuels. lor more lnformaLlon, please
vlslL www.LhelccL.org.