ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET

Bachelors Degree Programme (B.Sc.)

ATOMS AND MOLECULES

















School of Sciences
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
(2014)









School of Sciences
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068

(2014)



CHE-01
Please Note
You can take electives (56 or 64 credits) from a minimum of TWO and a
maximum of FOUR science disciplines, viz. Physics, Chemistry, Life
Sciences and Mathematics.
You can opt for elective courses worth a MINIMUM OF 8 CREDITS and a
MAXIMUM OF 48 CREDITS from any of these four disciplines.
At least 25% of the total credits that you register for in the elective
courses from Life Sciences, Chemistry and Physics disciplines must be
from the laboratory courses. For example, if you opt for a total of 64
credits of electives in these 3 disciplines, at least 16 credits out of those
64 credits should be from lab courses.
You cannot appear in the Term-End Examination of any course without
registering for the course. Otherwise, your result will not be declared
and the responsibility will be yours.
Valid from 1
st
January to 31
st
December 2014
It is compulsory to submit the Assignment before filling in the
Term-End Examination Form.

Dear Student,

We hope, you are familiar with the system of evaluation to be followed for the Bachelors Degree
Programme. At this stage you may probably like to re-read the section on assignments in the Programme
Guide that we sent you after your enrolment. A weightage of 30 percent, as you are aware, has been
earmarked for continuous evaluation, which would consist of one tutor-marked assignment. The
assignment is based on Blocks 1 and 2.
Instructions for Formatting Your Assignments
Before attempting the assignments, please read the following instructions carefully:

1. On top of the first page of your answer sheet, please write the details exactly in the following
format:

ENROLMENT NO.:...
NAME:..
ADDRESS:...............


COURSE CODE : ..........................
COURSE TITLE : ..........................
ASSIGNMENT NO.: ..........................
STUDY CENTRE : .......................... DATE:...
(NAME AND CODE)


PLEASE FOLLOW THE ABOVE FORMAT STRICTLY TO FACILITATE EVALUATION AND
TO AVOID DELAY.

2. Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers.
3. Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet.
4. Your answers should be precise.
5. While writing answers, clearly indicate the Question No. and part of the question being solved.
6. Please note that:
i) The Assignment is valid from 1
st
January, 2014 to 31
st
December, 2014.
ii) The response to this assignment is to be submitted to the Study Centre Coordinator within
eight weeks of the receipt of this booklet in order to get the feedback and comments on the
evaluated assignment.
iii) In any case, you have to submit the assignment response before appearing in the term end
examination.
7. We strongly suggest that you should retain a copy of your assignment responses.
Wishing you all good luck.

Tutor Marked Assignment
Atoms and Molecules
Course Code: CHE-01
Assignment Code: CHE-01/TMA/2014
Maximum Marks: 100


Attempt all the questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
Use the following data:
Permittivity in vacuum = 8.854 10
-12
C
2
N
-1
m
-2

Plancks constant = 6.626 10
-34
J s
Mass of electron = 9.109 10
-31
kg
Magnitude of the charge on the electron = 1.602 10
-19
C
Avogadro constant = 6.022 10
23
mol
-1

Velocity of light = 2.998 10
8
m s
-1


Q.1 a) Calculate the radius of the third orbit of Li
2+
ion. Also calculate the energy of
the electron in the second orbit of Li
2+
ion. (5)
Hint: Use equations derived for hydrogen atom in Unit 1.
b) Calculate (i) Rydberg constant for Be
3+
ion and (ii) fourth ionization energy of
beryllium in J atom
-1
and kJ mol
-1
units. (5)
Q.2 a) i) Indicate the n, l, m
l
and m
s
values for the electrons in 3p and 5s levels.
ii) State the names of orbitals filled in the elements of the fourth period of the
periodic table. (5)
b) Calculate the mass of He
+
ion in kg unit. Also if He
+
ion moves with a
velocity of 5 10
4
m s
-1
, calculate its de Broglie wavelength.
Hint: Assume that mass of He
+
ion is equal to mass of He atom. (5)
Q.3 a) Calculate the components of energy along x, y and z axes and the total energy
for an electron in a cubical box of length 10
-9
m, if n
x
= 3, n
y
=n
z
=1. State the
values of n
x
, n
y
and n
z
for two other energy states which are degenerate with
this level.
Hint: Use the principle of calculation of energy of a particle in the three
dimensional box. (5)
b) Draw a curve on a rough scale indicating the variation in ionization energy
values of third period elements using the data given in Table 3.3 of Unit 3.
Explain the reasons for the rising and falling portions of the curve.
Hint: Do the sketch similar to Fig. 3.1 of Unit 3. (5)
Q.4 a) Using the data given in Table 3.5 and 3.6 of Unit 3 for K
+
and Br

ions.
i) find the radius ratio of K
+
ion to Br

ion
ii) predict the shape of crystal geometry of KBr (5)
iii) draw a diagram indicating the arrangement of K
+
and Br

ions in the
crystal.

b) Write down Born-Haber cycle for the BaO crystal formation. Using it, obtain
an equation useful in calculating lattice energy of BaO crystal. (5)
Q.5 a) Draw Lewis structures of

4
PCl
ions and

6
PCl . Predict the
i) shapes of these ions using VSEPR theory and
ii) hybridization states of phosphorus atom in these two ions. (5)
b) Predict the bond lengths in the following molecule using hybridization
concept and Table 4.4:
CH C CH CH CH C H
2 3
(5)
Q.6 a) Using molecular orbital theory, draw the energy patterns of the following:
i) B
2

ii) O
2

Comments on the difference between the two patterns.

(5)
b) The three resonance structure of the anion formed by the ionization of
potassium cyanate are given in Sec. 4.5 of Unit 4.
i) Justify the charges indicated in each of its structures using the principles
of ionic bonding and formal charges.
ii) Write two possible representations for the following structure using a
coordinate bond in each case: (5)

..
..
..
..
N C : O
Q.7 a) i) The dipole moment of HBr is 2.602 10
-30
C m and its bond length is
141 pm. Calculate its percentage ionic character.
ii) Draw a rough sketch of total molar polarization versus 1/temperature
curve for CO
2
and SnCl
2
. (5)
b) i) Nitrogen dioxide can exist as both monomer and dimer. Based on
magnetic characteristics, how can you differentiate between the two?
ii) For 2, 3Dichlorobutane, draw the structures for the enatiomers and meso
forms. (5)
Q.8 a) Label each of the following as microwave active or microwave inactive:
i) CO
2
(Linear)
ii) SnCl
2
(Angular)
iii) CBr
4
(Tetrahedral) (5)
State the reason in each case.
b) The bond length of
1
H
127
I molecule in 163 pm. Calculate
i) moment of inertia and
ii) rotational constant (5)
Q.9 a) For hydrogen iodide,
1
H
127
I, force constant is 314 N m
-1
. Calculate the
fundamental frequency in cm
-1
unit for

i)
1
H
127
I
ii)
2
H
127
I
Hint: Assume that force constant does not change with isotopic substitution. (5)
b) i) Calculate the number of vibrational degrees of freedom for hydrogen
fluoride and chloroethene.
ii) For a compound, molar extinction coefficient is 215 m
2
mol
-1
at 255 nm.
What concentration of the compound in a solution will cause a 30%
decrease in the intensity of 255 nm radiation? The cell thickness is 0.01 m. (5)
Q.10 a) Calculate in J and MeV units the binding energy per nucleus and binding
energy per nucleon for F
19
9
.
Mass of proton = 1.00728 u
Mass of neutron = 1.00867 u
Actual atomic mass of u 18.99840 F
19
9

1 u = 931.9 Mev nucleus
-1

=1.49310
-10
J nucleus
-1
(5)
b) The half life of a radioactive element is 1620 years. Calculate the radioactive
decay constant. Out of 1 gram sample of the element, how much will remain
after 4860 years? (5)