CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING

ENGLISH






Submitted to
Dhanya Kumar
Submitted by
Priyadarsini PP
English Option
Reg.No. 13383014

Submitted On
04/09/2014







INTRODUCTION
Co-operative learning is a learning method in which students work together in
small heterogeneous groups to achieve a common academic goal. The major
proponents of this method were David Johnson and Roger Johnson. This method is
constricted with a view to take advantage of collective energy called synergy. The
position towards learning is that cooperative behavior is simulating not only socially
but also intellectually cooperative learning , learners are encouraged to be in the
centers of learning and lean together.
Definition.
According to Johnson co-operative learning is the instructional use of small groups
through which students work together to maximize their own and each others
leaning.

Characteristics Co-operative of learning
1. It always involves small groups of students learn together.
2. It is a joint pro-active , pro social , student centered approach.
3. It simultaneously addresses academic and social skill leaning by students.
4. There is positive independence among team members as they are obliged to
rely on another to achieve their goal.
5. It involves sharing responsibility, sharing resources and working towards
common goals.
6. There is face to face promotive interactions, promoting success of group
members by praising, encouraging supporting or assisting each other.
7. It involves appropriate collaborative skills such as trust building , leadership
decision and social skill learning by students.
8. It offers non- threatening learning environment where students freely mix with
each other without any racial discrimination.
9. It ensures equal opportunities for success.

Steps in co-operative learning.
The basic steps involved in successful implementation of cooperative learning
are :
The content to be taught is identified, and cratered for mastery are determined
by the teacher.
The most useful cooperative learning techniques is identified and group size is
determined by the teacher.
Students are assigned to groups.
The classroom is arranged to facilitate group interaction.
Group processes are taught or reviewed as needed to assure that the group run
smoothly.
A time line for activities is made clear to students.
The teacher presents initial material as appropriate using whatever technique he
chooses.
The teacher monitors students interaction in the groups and provide assistance
and classification as needed.
Students outcomes are evaluated students must individually demonstrate
mastery of important skills or concepts of the learning.
Groups are recorded for success verbal praise by the teacher or recognition in
the class newsletter or on the bulletin board can be used to rewarded high
achieving gropus.
Specific co-operative learning strategies/tasks
1. Turn to your neighbor : each student pair up with another student to discuss
an idea to write or to draw as instructed by the teacher. They may be asked
to share their work with the class.
2. Pairs of pairs : Students write out a test of responses to a question or
statement for example all the states and their capitals I know They first
work in pairs and make one test. Two pairs then get together and make a
single combined list. All the members of the group have to see what is on
the list.
3. Numbered heads together : The teacher allots a specific number to each
students stay 1,2,3. The teacher then asks a question. Students
put their heads together to make sure that everyone in the team knows the
answer.
4. Inside Outside circle : Students stands in pairs in two concentric circles.
The inside circles faces out, the outside circle faces in students respond to
the questions posed by teacher, as they rotate these to each new partner.
5. Jigsaw : - Teacher cuts teaching materials into four or five parts and gives
to the members of the base group . Each group members is given a different
part and is made responsible for learning it and then teaching it to his or her
group mates for helping to do this, the members from each team having the
same material meet together to learn their material.












CONCLUSION
Co-operative learning is a good way of learning method. It promotes interaction and it
develops collaborative skills such as trust building, leadership decision and social skill
learning by students.
Reference.
Dr. N.K. Arjunan, Philosophical and Socialogical bases of Education,
Page No. 267-270.
http://www.ncert.nic.in