I N S T R U C T I O N

M A N U A L
S O R VA L L S U P E R S P E E D
A N GL E R O T O R S
GSA S E-12
GS -3 S M -24
S A -600 S S -34
Du Pont Company
Instrument Products
Biomedical Division
Newtown, Connecticut 06470
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
PN 28505
Issued June 1977
S uperspeed A ngle R otors DU PO flt I n s t r u m e n t s
This manual is a guide for the use of
S O R V A L L S U P E R S P E E D A N G L E R O T O R S
Data herein has been verified and validated and is
believed adequate for the intended use of the
instrument. If the instrument or procedures are used
for purposes over and above the capabilities specified
herein, confirmation of their validity and suitability
should be obtained, otherwise Du Pont does not
guarantee results and assumes no obligation or
liability. This publication is not a license to operate
under, or a recommendation to infringe upon, any
process patents.
Notes, cautions, and warnings within the text of this manual are used to emphasize
important and critical instructions.
WA R N I N G : An operating procedure, practice, etc., which if not correctly followed, could
result in personal injury.
C A U T I O N : An operating procedure, practice, etc., which, if not strictly observed, could
result in damage of equipment.
N O T E: An operating procedure, condition, etc., which it is essential to highlight.
Health hazards precaution data. If and when hazardous chemicals or adverse health
affect the environment or use of the equipment, appropriate precautions are provided.
OU Po n t I n s t r u m e n t s Superspeed Angle Rotors
T A BL E O F C O N T E N T S
Paragraph Page
S e ct io n 1. D E S C R I P T I O N
1-1 SCOPE 1-1
1-2 DESCRIPTION 1-1
1-3 TUBES, BOTTLES AND ADAPTERS 1-2
1-4 PARTS AND ACCESSORIES 1-9
1-5 RCF DETERMINATION 1-12
1-6 CRITICAL ANGULAR VELOCITY 1-18
S e ct io n 2. O P E R A T I O N
2-1 PRE-RUN CHECKS 2-1
2-2 TUBE, BOTTLE AND ADAPTER INSTALLATION AND ASSEMBLY . . . 2-1
2-3 ROTOR MOUNTING AND BALANCING 2-1
2-4 ROTOR "SPEEDVTEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL
DETERMINATION 2-3
2-5 REDUCING "SPEEDS" FOR DENSE FLUIDS 2-5
2-6 ESTIMATION OF SEDIMENTATION TIMES IN AQUEOUS
(NONGRADIENT) SOLUTIONS 2-6
S e ct io n 3. M A I N T E N A N C E
3-1 CORROSION 3-1
3-2 WASHING 3-1
3-3 CONTAMINATION 3-2
3-4 STORAGE 3-3
L I S T O F I L L U S T R A T I O N S
Figure Page
1 -1 Sorvall Superspeed Angle Rotors vi
1 -2 Glass Tubes and Bottles 1-4
1-3 Plastic Tubes and Bottles 1-4
1-4 Stainless Steel Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed
Angle Rotors 1.4
1-5 Adapters 1-5
1-6 Parts of the GSA and GS-3 Superspeed Angle Rotors 1-10
1 -7 Parts of the SA-600, SE-12, SM-24 and SS-34
Superspeed Angle Rotors 1-11
1 -8 Superspeed Angle Rotor Cross Section 1-17
2-1 Positioning Pairs of Tubes or Bottles in the Rotor 2-2
2-2 Sample Rotor "Speed'YTemperature Differential Chart 2-3
111
S uperspeed A ngle R otors DU PO flt I n s t r u m e n t s
L I S T O F T A B L E S
Table
Page
1-1 Superspeed Angle Rotors: Basic Specifications 1-1
1-2 Key to Abbreviations Used in Tables 1-3, 1-4, 1-5 & 1-6 1-2
1 -3 Glass Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotor 1-3
1 -4 Plastic Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotors 1-5
1-5 Stainless Steel Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotors . . . . 1-7
1 -6 Adapters 1-7
1-7 Chemical Compatability of Rotor Elements 1-8
1 -8 Parts: Superspeed Angle Rotors 1-9
1-9 GSA Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-13
1 -10 GS-3 Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-13
1-11 SA-600 Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-14
1-12 SE-1 2 Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-15
1-13 SM-24 Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-16
1-14 SS-34 Rotor: RCF and K Factor 1-17
1-15 Critical Angular Velocity of Superspeed Angle Rotors 1-13
2-1 Recommended Design Mass per Compartment
for Each Rotor 2-5
I V
O uPO Ht I n s t r u m e n t s Superspeed Angle Rotors
DU PO N T I N S T R U M E N T S U PER S PEED R O T O R
WA R R A N T Y
Every Sorvall Superspeed Rotor is warranted (subject to the conditions specified below and
in the warranty clause of the Du Pont Instruments terms and conditions of sale in effect at the
time of sale) against defects in materials or workmanship for seven (7) years (properly reduced for
certain fluid densities, fluid gradients, tube assemblies, and adapters as described in these
operating instructions).
C o n dit io n s
a. This warranty is valid for seven (7) years from the date of shipment to the original buyer by
Du Pont Instruments or by any authorized Du Pont Instruments representative.
b. This warranty extends only to the original buyer and may not be assigned or extended to a
third person without the written consent of Du Pont Instruments.
c. This warranty covers the rotor onlyand Du Pont Instrumentsshall not be liable fordamage
to accessories or ancillary supplies including but not limited to (i) tubes, (ii) tube caps, (iii) tube
adapters, or (iv) tube contents.
d. This warranty is void if the rotor is (i) operated or maintained in a manner contrary to the
instructions in the manual for the rotor or centrifuge in use, or(ii) used in a Sorva 11 centrifuge that
has been modified without the written permission of Du Pont Instruments.
e. Should a Sorvall Centrifuge be damaged due to the failure of rotor covered by this
warranty, Du Pont Instruments will supply, free of charge, (i) all centrifuge parts required for
repair and (ii) if the centrifuge is currently covered by a Du Pont Instruments warranty or service
agreement; all labor necessary for repair of the centrifuge.
S uperspeed A ngle R otors DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
6/7
SA/2
Figure 1-1. Sorvall Superspeed Angle Rotors
(Top, L-RJ GS-3, SA-600, GSA
fBottom, L-RJSM-24, SE-12, SS-34
V I
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S u pe r s pe e d A n gle R o t o r s
S e ct io n 1. DES C R I PT I O N
1-1. S C O PE.
This manual contains descriptive, operational and maintenance data for all Sorvall Superspeed
Angle Rotors, including the GSA, GS-3, SA-600, SE-12, SM-24 and SS-34 rotors.
1-2. DES C R I PT I O N .
Sorvall Superspeed Angle Rotors, are designed for use in the Sorvall RC-2, RC2-B, RC-5, and
RC-5B Superspeed Refrigerated Centrifuges. With the exception of the GS-3, the rotors may also be
used in the Sorvall SS-3 Automatic Superspeed Centrifuge. The rotors are machined from an
aluminum alloy forging for a high centrifugal force strength-to-weight ratio. Table 1 -1 provides basic
specifications for each superspeed angle rotor.
T able 1-1. S u perspeed A n gle R o t o rs : Basic S pe cificat io n s
Diameter
Mass
(weight)
Angle
Number of
Places
Maximum
Angular Velocity
(in rev/min)
Maximum
Relative
Centrifugal
Force (RCF)
GS A
31 cm
(12-1/4 in)
14.9 kg
(33 lbs)
28
6
13 OOO/min
27 600
GS-3
33 cm
(13-3/16 in)
21.4 kg
(47 lbs)
20
6
9 OOO/min
13 700
S A -600
27 cm
(10-3/4 in)
10.2 kg
(22.5 lbs)
34
12
1 6 500/
min
39 400
S E -12
19 cm
(7-4/5 in)
4.1 kg
(9 lbs)
40
12
20 000/
min
41 500
S M -24
24 cm
(9-1/8)
7.7 kg
(17 lbs)
28
24
20 OOO/min
Outer
Row 49 300
Inner
Row 39 700
S S -34
23 cm
(9 in)
6.8 kg
(15 lbs)
34
8
20 000/
min
48 200
1-1
S u pe r s pe e d A n gle R o t o r s DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
1-3. T U B E S , BO T T L ES A N D A D A P T E R S .
Each Sorvall Superspeed Angle Rotor accepts a variety of plastic, glass and stainless steel tubes
and bottles. Special adapters permit the use of tubes and bottles other than those which fit the
basic rotor.
Tables 1 -3, 1 -4 and 1 -5 provide the following data necessary to select the appropriate tube or
bottle of glass, plastic or stainless steel
a. For Use in Rotor (Adapter) Lists the rotor or rotors which will accept that tube or bottle. If an
adapter is required to permit the rotor to accept the desired tube or bottle, a key number will followthe
rotor initials in parentheses. Table 1 -6, Adapters, lists the adapters by key number and provides part
numbers and descriptions. Table 1-6 is keyed by part number to figure 1-5 which illustrates the
adapters listed.
b. Part Number Gives the part number assigned to each item by the Biomedical Division*.
Tables 1-3, 1-4 and 1-5 are keyed by part number to figures 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 respectively. The figures
illustrate the tubes, bottles and covers listed.
c. Nominal Capacity Gives the rounded amount of milliliters of solution which each tube or
bottle can contain.
d. Material Gives an abbreviation for the specific glass or plastic of which the item is made.
Table 1-2, Key to Abbreviations is provided for interpretation of the material code. Table 1-7,
Chemical Compatability of Rotor Elements, is provided as an aid in selecting the tube or bottle best
suited to the solution which will be used.
e. Nominal External Dimensions Gives the rounded diameter and length of the tube or bottle
in millimeters.
f. Covers Gives material and part number of cover(s) if required with the desired tube or bottle.
T able 1-2. Key t o A bbr e viat io n s U sed in T ables 1-3, 1-4, 1-5 an d 1-6
CAB
C
G
N
NM
OR
P
PA
PC
= Cellulose Acetate Butyrate
= Corex
= Graduated
= Nylon
= Narrow Mouth
= Oak Ridge Style
= Pyrex
= Polyallomer
= Polycarbonate
PE
PI
PP
R
RB
S / S
T
TW
= Polyethylene
= Plastic
= Polypropylene
= Rubber
= Round Bottom
= Stainless Steel
= Tapered
= Thin Wall
*The part number cannot be used to order replacement parts. Please refer to the Sorvall Tube, Bottle
and Adapter Price List for the correct catalog number before ordering.
1-2
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
T able 1-3. G las s T u be s an d B o t t le s fo r S u pe r s pe e d A n gl e R o t o r s
For U se in R o t o r (A dapt e r )
SA-600 (7); SE-12 (20);
S M-24(17); SS-34 (7)
GS A(12 in 46); SA-600 (6);
SE-12(19); S M-24(16);
SS-34 (6)
GSA(30); SE-12 (21);
S M-24(18)
SE-12 (22)
GS A(11 in 46); SA-600 (8);
S M-24(15); SS-34 (8)
SA-600 (9); SS-34 (9)
SA-600 (9); SS-34 (9)
GSA(46)
SA-600 (5); SS-34 (5)
GSA (46)
SA-600 (5); S M-24(1)
SS-34 (5)
GSA (46)
SA-600 (2); SS-34 (2)
GSA (45); SA-600 (10);
SS-34 (10)
SA-600, SS-34
GSA (13)
GS A (13)
GSA (14)
GSA (30)
GSA (30)
T u be s /B o t t l e s
Part
N u m be r
00120
00100
00124
00118
00101
00123
00125
00104
00119
00127
00152
00103
00128
00156
00105
00129
00116
00158

N o m in al
C apacit y
(ml)
1 (T)
3
5
5
10
10 (T)
10(T)(G)
12 <T)
12
14
15
20
30 (NM)
30
45
70
100
150
4
5
M at e r ial
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
C
P
P
c
p
p
p
c
Standard
glass test
tubes
N o m in al Ext ern al
D im e n s io n s
(m m x m m )
8 x 63
10 x 75
12 x 75
14 x 60
13 x 100
18 x 102
18 x 102
17 x 120
178 x 102
18 x 120
18 x 102
18 x 120
28 x 90
24 x 105
29 x 101
44 x 128
44 x 137
53 x 132
10 x 75
12 x 75
C o vers
M at e r ial

R
R

I Plastic
I Cover S

Part
N u m be r

00326

00321
00321

00304
or
00331

Screw
upplied

1-3
S uperspeed A ngle R otors DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
Glass T u bes/Bo ttles
V
00321
Q
00331
00321 X3
i
Q
/P i
00100 00101 00103 00104 00105 00116 00118 00119 00120 00123 00124 00125 00127 00128 00129 00152 00156 00158
Figure 1 -2. Glass Tubes and Bottles
Plastic T u be s /Bo t t le s
U
icn3i\ AUU
00211 00242 00244 00246 00259 00276 00279 00283
00241 00243 00245 00258 00268 00278 00282
00287 00286
00701 00702 00702 00704 00706 00706 00704 00704
00701 00701 00702 00704 00704 00706 00706 00704
00700 00700 _ _ ZT1 ^C . Co^ CS) (oi
00288 00291 00294 00721 00730 00732 00741 00770 00772 00781 00784 00992
00289 00292 00720 00722 00731 00740 00742 00771 00780 00782 00991 00993
Figure 1 -3, Plastic Tubes and Bottles
S tainless S teel T u bes/Bo ttles
00518
00522 00525
Figure 1 -4. Stainless Steel Tubes and Bottles
1-4
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
Superspeed Angle Rotors
f Adapters
00370 0037
0
00380 00381 0038? 00388 00389 O0402 00408 00116 00419 00424 00425 00439 00449 00456 00458 00473
Figure 1-5. Adapters
Table 1-4. Plastic Tubes
For U se in
R o t o r (A dapt e r )
SA-600 (33); SS-34 (33)
GSA (30); SA-600 (23)
SS-34 (23)
GSA (30); SA-600 (23)
SS-34 (23)
GSA (30); SA-600 (23)
SS-34 (23)
SA-600 (50); SM-24 (34)
SS-34 (50)
SA-600 (50); SM-24 (34)
SS-34 (50)
SA-600 (50); SM-24 (34)
SS-34 (50)
SA-600 (37); SS-34 (37)
SA-600 (37); SS-34 (37)
SA-600 (50); SM-24 (34)
SS-34 (50)
GSA (31); SA-600 (32)
SS-34 (32)
GSA (31); SA-600 (32);
SS-34 (32)
GSA (31); SA-600 (32)
SS-34 (32)
SE-12
and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotors
T u be s /B o t t l e s
Part
N u m be r
00211
00720
00721
00722
00730
00731
00732
00241
00242
00291
00740
00741
00742
00991
N o m in al
C apacit y
(ml)
1
4
4
4
7
7
7
10 (OR)
10 (OR)
1 0 (TW)
12
12
12
14
M at e r ial
C A B
PC
PP
PE
PC
PP
PE
PC
PP
PA
PC
PP
PE
PC
N o m in al E xt e r n al
D im e n s io n s
( m m x m m )
7x 50
10.6 x 75
10.6 x 75
10.6 x 75
1 3 x 100
13 x 100
1 3 x 100
16 x 80
16 x 80
1 3 x 100
1 6 x 100
1 6 x 100
1 6 x 100
18 x 75
C o vers
M at e r ial

PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
) Plastic Scr
\ Cover Si
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
Part
N u m be r
00700
00700
00700
00701
00701
00701
ew
jpplied
00227
00702
00702
00702
00704
1-5
Superspeed Angle Rotors Qll pgn t I n S tPlimeiitS
Table 1-4. Plastic Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotors (continued)
For U se in
R o t o r (A dapt e r )
SE-12
SE-12
S A-600(32); SS-34 (32)
SA-600 (24); SM-24
SS-34 (24)
SA-600 (24); SM-24;
SS-34 (24)
SA-600 (24); SM-24
SS-34 (24)
SA-600 (35); SS-34 (35)
SA-600 (35); SS-34 (35)
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
GSA (47)
GSA(47)
GS A
GSA (36)
GSA (36)
GSA (36)
GSA (38)
GSA (36)
GS-3
GS-3
Part
N u m be r
00992
00993
00292
00770
00771
00772
00243
00244
00245
00246
00780
00781
00782
00784
00294
00288
00289
00258
00268**
00259
00276
00278
00279
00282
00283
T u be s /B o t t le s
N o m in al
C apacit y
(ml)
14
14
1 5 (T W)
16
16
16
30 (O R )
30 (O R )
50 (O R )
50 (O R )
50
50
50
50
50 (T W)
150 (T W)
150
250 (N M )
250
250
250
250 (R B)
290
500
500
M at e r ial
PP
PE
PA
PC
PP
PE
PC
PP
PC
PP
PC
PP
PE
N
PA
PA
PC
PE
PE
PP
PC
PC
PC
PP
PC
N o m in al E xt e r n al
D im e n s io n s
(m m x m m )
18 x 75
18 x 75
1 6 x 1 00
1 8 x 100
1 8 x 100
1 8 x 100
25 x 90
25 x 90
29 x 104
29 x 104
29 x 102
29 x 102
29 x 102
29 x 102
28 x 104
45 x 122
45 x 122
60 x 137
61 x 122
61 x 122
61 x 122
61 x 136
61 x 138
70 x 1 66
70 x 166
C o ve rs
M at e r ial
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
Plastic
Cover S
PP
PP
PP
PP

PP
PP
> Plastic
' Cover
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
Part
N u m be r
00702
00702
00228
00704
00704
00704
Screw
Supplied
00706
00706
00706
00706

00287
00286
Screw
Supplied
00450*
00450*
00450*
00450*
ring
00450*
00430*
00430*
*Plastic screw caps supplied but sealing caps 00450 or 00430 must be used for full volume, full speed operation.
** The 00268 bottles are limited to 8 000 rev/min.
1-6
DU Pont I n s t r u m e n t s Superspeed Angle Rotors
Table 1-5. Stainless Steel Tubes and Bottles for Superspeed Angle Rotors
For U se in
R otor (A dapter)
SM-24
SA-600; SS-34
SA-600; SS-34
GSA
GSA
G S A
T u be s /Bo t t le s
Part
N umber
00525
00517
00579
00521
00530
00522
N o min al
C apacity
(ml)
175
50
50
200
285
315
M at erial
S /S
s/s
S /S
s/s
s/s
s/s
N o min al External
Dimensions
(mm x mm)
18x96
28x 101*
28x 1 0 1 **
61 x 124
61 x 140
61 x 153
C overs
M at erial

S / S
S / S

Part
N umber

00518***
00518***

Stainless Steel
Screw Cover Supplied
S / S 00518***
*With flange
"Without flange
^Requires wrench PN 01014
I t e m N o .
1
2
b
6
7
o
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Places
1
Pad
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
M at erial
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
PI
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Table 1-6
P N
00324
00330
JC363
00364
00365
00366
00367
003C8
00^5?
00370
00371
00372
00373
00374
00375
00376
00377
00378
. Adapters
I t em N o .
21
22
23
24
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
i 38
45
46
47
50
Places
1
1
2
1
12
6
1
4
1
1
P ad
1
P ad
3
C
J
l
1
1
M at erial
R
R
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
PI
R
PI
PI
PN
00379
00380
00381
00382
00388
00389
00402
00408
00416
00419
00424
00425
00439
00449
00456
00458
00473
1-7
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
Table 1-7. Chemical Compatability of Rotor Elements
Reagent
Acetaldehyde (100%)
Acetic Acid (5%l
Acetic Acid (60%)
Acetic Acid (Glacial)
Acetone
Allyl Alcohol
Alum, Concentrated
Aluminum Chloride
Aluminum Fluoride
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium Carbonate
Ammonium Hydroxide (10%) . .
Ammonium Hydroxide (Cone.)
Ammonium Persulfate (Sat'd.) .
Ammonium Sulfide
Amyl Alcohol
Aniline
Aqua Ftegta
Benzene
Benzyl Alcohol
Boric Acid
Brine
N-Butyl Alcohol
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Hypochlonte
Carbon Tetrachlonde
Cetyl Alcohol
Chlorine Water
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
Chromic Acid I1O%I
Chromic Acid (50%l
Citric Acid 110%)
Cresol
Cyclohexyl Alcohol
Diacetone
Diazo Salts
Diethyl Ketone
Dimethylformamide
Dioxane
Distilled Water
Ether Diethyl
Ethyl Acetate
Ethyl Alcohol (50%)
Ethyl Alcohol (95%)
Ethylene Dichloride
Ethylene Glycol
Ferric Chloride
Fluoboric Acid
Formaldehyde (40%)
Formic Acid (100%)
Fuel Oil
Gallic Acid
Gasoline (Refined)
Gasoline (Sour)
Hydrochloric Acid (10%) . . . .
Hydrochloric Acid (60%) . . . .
Hydrochloric Acid (Cone./ . . . .
Hydrofluoric Acid (10%) . . . .
Hydrofluoric Acid (100%) . . . .
Hydrogen Peroxide (3%) . . . .
Hydrogen Peroxide (100%). . . .
Hydroquinone
Isobutyl Alcohol
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
M
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
s
s
s
s
s
-
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
-
s
s

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
M
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
u
s
u
s
s
-
M
u
u
M
s
u
M
_
_
_
u
u
s
M
u
M
M
s
s
s
s
M
M
s
u
_
M
u
u
M
u
s
M
-
M
M
M
s
s
M
M
M
S
s
M
_
_
U
s
s
s
u
u
u
u
u
s
u
M
s
_
s
s
s
M
s
s
s
_
s
s
u
_
s
_
M
M
-
s
-
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
M
M
s
-
-
s
M
-
-
s

M
S
S
M
S
S
S
M
S
S
_
s
s
s
u
s
u
s
M
_
s
u
s
u
u
u
s
s
s
_
u
u
u
u
s
u
M
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
_
u
-
-
M
u
s
u
u
u
u
s
s
s
u
_
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
M
u
s
s
M
s
s
u
u
u
u
s
s
s
u
s
u
u
u
M
u
u
u
u
s
s
s
u
M
_
u
u
u
u
u
s
_
-
u
-
-
u
u
s
u
u
s
s
u
s
s
u
u
s
M
s
s
u
u
u
u
u
M
u
u
M
s
s
s
s
s
-
u
M
s
-
_
_
s
s
s
u
s
s
s
s
M
M
M
_
u
_
-
M
u
s
M
s
s
s
-
M
s
s
s
u
M
s
s
s
s
u
u
u
u
u
s
s
s
s
s
_
s
s
s
s
s
-
s
s
s
-
-
s
-
-
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
-
-
s
-
-
s
u
s
-
-
s
-
s
-
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
s
s
s
-
-
s
s
s
s
-
s
s
s
s
-
s
u
M
s
s
s
s
s
-
s
-
s
s
s
_
s
u
M

-
s
s
u
u
s
-

-
-
-
s
-
-
s
s
-

u
s
u
s
s
s
s
u
u
u
u
u
s
s

M
s
M
M
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
M
u
u
u
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
s
u
u
s
s
s
M
s
s
s
M
s
M
s
M
s
s
s
u
s
s
s
s
s
M
s
u
u
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
u
u
u
s
-
s
u
s
u
u
u

u
s

u
u
u
s
s
s
M
s
u
_
s
u
u
s
u
s
u

u
u
u
s
u
u
s
s
u
s

s
M
s
_
s
u
s
s
M
M
u
s
s
_
-
u
s
u
u
u
u

s
_

s
u
u

u
s
u
s
s
u
s
_
s
u
s
u
M
u
u
s

u
u

u
s
u
u
s
u
u
s

_
u
u
u
s
u
u
M
u
s
s
_
u
KEY
S = Satisfactory, acceptable solutions for recommended
use.
M = Mild attack, not recommended for use. If these
solutions must be used, avoid prolonged exposure
and thoroughly clean and dry all rotor elements after
each run.
U = Unsatisfactory, not recommended under any cir-
cumstances.
= Data unavailable at this time, not recommended for
use without prior testing.
Reagent
Isopropyl Alcohol
Lactic Acid (20%)
Lactic Acid (100%)
Lauryl Alcohol
Lead Acetate
Linseed Oil
Maleic Acid
Manganese Salts
Magnesium Hydroxide
Mercury
Methyl Alcohol
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Methyl Salicylate
Methylene Chloride
Nickel Salts
Nitric Acid (10%)
Nitric Acid 150%)
Nitric Acid 195%)
Oleic Acid
Oxalic Acid
Perchloric Acid (10%)
Phenol
Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol
Phosphoric Acid I1O%I
Phosphoric Acid (Cone.) . . .
Phosphorus Trichloride . . . .
Potassium Acetate
Potassium Carbonate
Potassium Chlorate
Potassium Chloride
Potassium Hydroxide (5%) . . .
Potassium Hydroxide (Cone.) .
Potassium Permanganate . . . .
Silicic Acid
Silicone Fluids
Silver Cyanide
Sodium Bisulfate
Sodium Borate
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Chloride 110%)
Sodium Chloride (Sat'd.l . . .
Sodium Dichromate
Sodium Hydroxide (>1%) . . .
Sodium Hydroxide (10%l . . .
Sodium Hydroxide (Cone.). . .
Sodium Hypochlonte
Sodium Nitrate (10%)
Sodium Peroxide
Sodium Sulfide
Sodium Thiosulfate
Sulfuric Acid (10%)
Sulfuric Acid 150%)
SuKuric Acid 175%)
Sulfuric Acid (Cone.)
Tannic Acid
Toluene
Trichlorethylene
Trichloroethane
Trisodium Phosphate
Turpentine
Urea
Urine
Xylen
Zinc Chloride
C
. s
. s
s
s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. s
. M
. s
u
. -
M
. s
. M
. U
. S
. s
. s
. s
. s
. M
. S
.
. -
. s
-
'. s
s
. s
s
s
s
M
s
s
-
s
s
u
u
u
u
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
-
u
M
-
M
M
s
s
-
u
u
u
s
u
u
u
u
u
s
M
-
s
u
u
M
-
s
u
M
M
s
s
s
-
u
u
u
u

M
u
u
u
u

M
-
M
M
S
s
s
M

s
s
s
-
-
s
s
-
s
s
s
M
-
u
s
s
M
u
s
s
s
u
s
u
-
s
s
s
s
u
-

s
s
s
s
s
s

s
s
u
s
s

s
s
s
M
u
u
s
s
M
s

M
s
s
s
s

u
s
s
-
s
s
u
u
M
s
s
s
s
M
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
_
s
u
u
_
s
-
s
s
s
s
s

M
M
u
s

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
-
s

s
s
u

s
s
M
s
s
u
u
u
s
u
u
u
u
M
u
_
u
u
u
M
_
s
M
M
_
_
s
-
s
s
s
s
s
M
M
M
M
M
M
s
M
U
U
u
u
s
u
-
u

s
-

u
s
_
s
-
M
s
s
-

u
s
s
s
s
M
M
M
M
S
M
U
g
s

-
_
M
s
M
U
U
s
-
M

M
S
S
-
u
u
u
M
M
S
s

M
-

s
s

s
M
f
s
-

-
-

s
s

M
M
U
s
s
y
s
_
_
_
s
s
s
s
s
_
-
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
M
u
u
u
s
s
s
s

s
s
s
u
s
s
s

s
s
s

s
s
s

s
s
s
s
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
_
s
s
s
s
s
s
_
s
s
s
s
s
s

s
s
s
s
s
s
s

u
u
u
s
s

M
?
^
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
M
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
u
s
u
u
u
s
M
s
s
u
s
F J? i
s
s
-
-
-
s

-
u
s
u
u
u
u
s
s
M
u
s
s
u
s
s
u
M
_
s
s
u
u

s
s
s
s
-

u
u
u
s
u

u
s
u
s
s
s
-
u
u
u
M
u
s
s
u
s
7/
u

_
u
s
s
-
s
u
s
u
u
u
u
s
s
M
u
s
s
u
s
M

s
s
s
s
u
_
_
s
s
s
s
-
s
u
u
s

s
u
u
u
-
s
-
s

u
s
s
s
s
NOTE
The critical components apt to come into contact with solution
when using a superspeed angle rotor are the rotor body (alumi-
num) and the tube, bottle and/or adapter chosen for the run.
Materials of tubes, bottles and or adapters may be obtained from
the appropriate table 1-3, 1-4, 1-5 or 1-6.
IPDP-496B
1-8
Dll Po n t I n s t r u m e n t s S uperspeed A ngle R otors
1-4. P A R T S A N D A C C E S S O R I E S .
Parts for all Superspeed Angle Rotors are pictured in figures 1-6 and 1-7.
Both figures are keyed to Table 1-8, which includes all information necessary to:
identify parts and accessories for assembly, operation and disassembly.
order replacement parts or accessories.
To obtain replacement parts, contact any of the offices listed on the last page of this manual and
include the part number and description of the desired item. To ensure that you receive the correct
part for your unit, be sure to include the rotor type and its serial and/or model number.
T able 1-8. Parts: S u perspeed A n gle R o to rs
I t e m
N o .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
D e s cr ipt io n
Rotor Body
Adapter-Sub Assy
Cap Screw
Seal Washer
Setscrew
Rotor Cover
O-Ring
Cover Sealing Stud
Flat Washer (1/4")
Lock Washer
Cover Stud Top
Washer
Cover Seat Washer
Retaining Ring
Cover Seat
Cover Slamping Stud
O-Ring
O-Ring
O-Ring
Carrying Handle
Part N u m be r
G S A
08140
08139

08132

08107
60356
08131
60751 (2)
28016

08125
60357

08120
61616
61617
60358
01047
G S -3
07010
07026

07004

07012

07024
60751 (2)
28016

08125
60357

07022
61616

10147
S A -600
28509
28021
63078 (3)

60574 (3)
28506
60810
28008
60751 (2)
28016
28010
28011
60067
28510
28006
61616
60189

01031
S E -12
27001
28021
63078 (4)

60574 (4)
27003
61720
28008
60751 (2)
28016
28010
28011
60067
28007
28006
61616
60189

01031
S M -24
29001
28021
63078 (4)

60574 (4)
29002
60696
28008
60751 (2)
28016
28010
2801 1
60067
28007
28006
61616
60189

01031
S S -34
28001
28021
63078 (4)

60574 (4)
28005
60188
28008
60751 (2)
28016
28010
28011
60067
28007
28006
61616
60189

1-9
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
6/7
SA/7
SERIAL NO.
N O T E
Earlier Models may not conform exactly to
illustration.
1-10
Figure 1-6. Parts of the GSA and GS-3 Superspeed Angle Rotors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S u pe r s pe e d A n gle R o t o r s
15
7 6
SERIAL NO.
Figure 1-7. Parts of the SA-600, SE-12, SM-24 and SS-34
Superspeed Angle Rotors
1-11
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
1-5. R C F D E T E R M I N A T I O N .
Relative centrifugal force (RCF) is determined by the "common usage" formula:
when r = the radius in centimeters
cj = the angular speed in revolutions per minute
Figure 1 -8 shows the minimum, average and maximum radii of a superspeed rotor. The value for
each radius may be found in the appropriate table 1 -9 through 1 -14. With this information, RCF for
the rotor at a given speed can either be calculated by the formula given above or extracted from the
appropriate table.
Figure 1-8. Superspeed Angle Rotor Cross Section
1-12
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
Table 1-9. GSA Rotor: RCF and K Factor
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
9 500
10 000
10 500
11 000
11 500
12 000
12 500
13 000
R C F (Radius)
r
minimum
9.27 cm
(3.65 in)
104
233
414
647
932
1 270
1 660
2 100
2 590
3 130
3 730
4 380
5 080
5 830
6 630
7 480
8 390
9 350
10 400
11 400
12 500
13 700
14 900
16 200
17 600
1
average
11.94 cm
(4.70 in)
133
300
534
834
1 200
1 630
2 130
2 700
3 330
4 030
4 800
5 640
6 540
7 500
8 540
9 640
10 800
12 000
13 300
14 700
16 100
17 600
19 200
20 800
22 500
r
maximum
14.63cm
(5.75 in)
163
367
653
1 020
1 470
2 000
2 610
3 300
4 080
4 950
5 870
6 890
8 000
9 180
10 400
11 800
13 200
14 700
16 300
18 000
19 700
21 700
23 500
25 500
27 600
K Factor
11 5 000
51 100
28 800
18 400
12 800
9 890
7 190
5 680
4 600
3 800
3 200
2 720
2 350
2 040
1 800
1 600
1 420
1 270
1 150
1 040
950
869
799
736
680
T able 1-10. G S -3: R C F and K Factor
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
RCF
r
minimum
10.47 cm
(4.12in)
117
263
468
731
1 050
1 430
1 870
2 370
2 920
3 540
4 210
4 940
5 730
6 580
7 490
8 450
9 470
r
average
12.80 cm
(5.04 in)
143
322
572
894
1 290
1 750
2 290
2 900
3 580
4 330
5 150
6 040
7 010
8 050
9 150
10 300
11 600
r
maximum
15.14 cm
(5.96 in)
169
381
677
1 060
1 520
2 070
2 710
3 430
4 230
5 120
6 090
7 150
8 290
9 510
10 800
12 200
13 700
K Factor
93 400
41 500
23 400
14 900
10 400
7 630
5 840
4 610
3 740
3 090
2 600
2 210
1 910
1 660
1 460
1 290
1 150
1-13
S u pe r s pe e d A n gle R o t o r s
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
9 500
10 000
10 500
11 000
11 500
12 000
12 500
13 000
13 500
14 000
14 500
15 000
15 500
16 000
16 500
T ab le 1- 11
r
minimum
7.93 cm
(3.12 in)
89
199
354
553
792
1 080
1 420
1 790
2 210
2 680
3 190
3 740
4 340
4 980
5 670
6 400
7 170
7 990
8 850
9 760
10 700
11 700
12 800
13 800
15 000
16 100
17 400
18 600
19 900
21 300
22 700
24 100
. S A- 600: R C F and K Factor
r
average
10.44 cm
(4.11 in)
117
262
467
729
1 050
1 430
1 870
2 370
2 920
3 530
4 200
4 930
5 720
6 560
7 470
8 430
9 450
10 600
11 700
12 900
14 100
15 400
16 800
18 200
19 700
21 300
22 900
24 500
26 200
28 000
29 900
31 800
r
maximum
12.95 cm
(5.10in)
145
326
579
905
1 300
1 770
2 320
2 930
3 610
4 380
5 210
6 120
7 090
8 140
9 260
10 500
11 700
13 100
14 500
16 000
17 500
19 100
20 800
22 600
24 500
26 400
28 400
30 400
32 600
34 800
37 100
39 400
K Factor
124 000
55 300
31 100
19 900
13 800
10 100
7 770
6 140
4 970
4 110
3 450
2 940
2 540
2 210
1 940
1 720
1 530
1 380
1 240
1 130
1 030
940
863
796
736
682
634
591
552
517
486
457
1-14
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
T abl e 1-12. S E - 12 R o t o r : R C F an d K Fact o r
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
9 500
10 000
10 500
11 000
11 500
12 000
12 500
13 000
13 500
14 000
14 500
15 000
15 500
16 000
16 500
17 000
17 500
18 000
18 500
19 000
19 500
20 000
RCF
r
minimum
5.21 cm
(2.05in)
58
131
233
364
524
713
931
1 180
1 450
1 760
2 090
2 460
2 850
3 270
3 720
4 200
4 710
5 250
5 820
6 410
7 040
7 690
8 380
9 090
9 830
10 600
11 450
12 200
13 100
14 000
14 900
15 900
16 800
17 800
18 900
19 900
21 000
22 100
23 300
r
average
7.25 cm
(2.86 in)
81
182
324
506
729
993
1 300
1 640
2 030
2 450
2 920
3 420
3 970
4 560
5 190
5 850
6 560
7 310
8 100
8 930
9 800
10 700
11 700
12 700
13 700
14 800
15 900
17 000
18 200
19 500
20 700
22 100
23 400
24 800
26 300
27 700
29 300
30 800
32 400
r
maximum
9.30 cm
(3.66 in)
104
234
416
649
935
1 270
1 660
2 100
2 600
3 140
3 740
4 390
5 090
5 840
6 650
7 500
8 410
9 370
10 400
11 500
12 600
13 800
15 000
10 200
17 600
18 900
20 450
21 800
23 450
25 000
26 600
28 300
30 000
31 900
33 700
35 500
37 500
39 500
41 500
K Factor
147 000
65 200
36 700
23 500
16 300
12 000
9 170
7 240
5 870
4 850
4 070
3 470
3 000
2 610
2 290
2 030
1 810
1 620
1 470
1 330
1 210
1 110
1 020
939
868
805
748
698
652
610
573
539
507
471
453
429
400
386
367
1-15
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
T able 1-13. S M -24 R o t o r : R C F an d K Facto r
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2,500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
9 500
10 000
10 500
11 000
11 500
12 000
12 500
13 000
13 500
14 000
14 500
15 000
15 500
16 000
16 500
17 000
17 500
18 000
18 500
19 000
19 500
20 000
NNER Rbw
1
RCF
r
minimum
4.83 cm
(1.90 in)
54
121
216
337
485
661
863
1 090
1 350
1 630
1 940
2 280
2 640
3 030
3 450
3 900
4 370
4 870
5 390
5 940
6 520
7 130
7 760
8 430
9 110
9 830
10 600
11 300
12 100
13 000
13 800
14 700
15 600
16 500
17 500
18 500
19 500
20 500
21 600
r
average
6.48 c m
(2.70 in)
77
172
307
479
690
939
1 230
1 550
1 920
2 320
2 760
3 240
3 750
4 310
4 900
5 540
6 210
6 920
7 660
8 450
9210
10 100
1 1 000
12 000
12 900
14 000
15 000
16 100
17 200
18 400
19 600
20 900
22 100
23 500
24 800
26 200
27 700
29 100
30 750
r
maximum
8.40 cm
(3.50 in)
99
224
398
621
894
1 220
1 590
2 010
2 480
3 000
3 580
4 200
4 870
5 590
6 360
7 180
8 050
8 960
9 930
11 000
12 000
13 100
14 300
15 500
16 800
18 100
19 500
20 900
22 300
23 900
25 400
27 000
28 700
30 400
32 200
34 000
35 900
37 800
39 700
K Factor
1 55 000
68 700
38 600
24 800
17 200
12 600
9 660
7 630
6 180
5 110
4 290
3 660
3 150
2 750
2 420
2 140
1 910
1 710
1 550
1 400
1 280
1 170
1 070
989
915
848
789
735
687
643
604
568
535
505
477
452
428
407
386
OUTER ROW
RCF
r
minimum
6.60 cm
(2.75 in)
78
176
312
488
702
956
1 250
1 580
1 950
2 360
2 810
3 300
3 820
4 390
4 990
5 640
6 320
7 040
7 800
8 600
9 440
10 300
11 200
12 200
13 200
14 200
15 300
16 400
17 600
18 800
20 000
21 200
22 600
23 900
25 300
26 700
28 200
29 700
31 200
r
average
8.99 cm
(3.54 in)
101
226
402
629
906
1 230
1 610
2 040
2 520
3 040
3 621
4 250
4 930
5 660
6 440
7 270
8 150
9 080
10 100
11 100
12 200
13 300
14 500
15 800
17 000
18 300
19 700
21 200
22 600
24 200
25 800
27 400
29 100
30 800
32 600
34 400
36 300
38 300
40 200
r
maximum
10.42 cm
(4.34 in)
123
277
493
770
1 110
1 510
1 970
2 490
3 080
3 730
4 430
5 200
6 040
6 930
7 880
8 900
9 980
11 100
12 300
13 600
14 900
16 300
17 700
19 200
20 800
22 400
24 100
25 900
27 700
29 600
31 500
33 500
35 600
37 700
39 900
42 200
44 500
46 800
49 300
K Factor
115 000
51 300
28 900
18 500
12 800
9 420
7 210
5 700
4 620
3 820
3210
2 730
2 360
2 050
1 800
1 600
1 430
1 280
1 150
1 050
954
873
802
739
683
633
589
549
513
481
451
424
399
377
356
337
320
304
289
1-16
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
T able 1-14. S S -34 R o t o r : R C F an d KFact o r
Angular
Velocity
(rev/min)
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
7 000
7 500
8 000
8 500
9 000
9 500
10 000
10 500
11 000
11 500
12 000
12 500
13 000
13 500
14 000
14 500
15 000
15 500
16 000
16 500
17 000
17 500
18 000
18 500
19 000
19 500
20 000
RCF
r
minimum
5.72 cm
(2.25 in)
64
144
255
399
575
782
1 020
1 290
1 600
1 930
2 300
2 700
3 130
3 590
4 090
4610
5 170
5 760
6 390
7 040
7 730
8 440
9 200
9 980
10 800
11 600
12 500
13 400
14 400
15 300
16 300
17 400
18 500
19 600
20 700
21 900
23 100
24 300
25 500
r
average
8.26 cm
(3.25 in)
92
208
369
577
830
1 130
1 480
1 870
2 310
2 790
3 320
3 900
4 520
5 190
5 900
6 660
7 470
8 320
9 220
10 200
11 200
12 200
13 200
14 400
15 600
16 800
18 100
19 400
20 800
22 200
23 600
25 100
26 700
28 200
29 900
31 600
33 300
35 100
36 900
r
maximum
10.80 cm
(4.25 in)
121
271
483
754
1 090
1 480
1 930
2 440
3 020
3 650
4 340
5 100
5 910
6 780
7 720
8 710
9 770
10 900
12 100
13 300
14 600
16 000
17 400
18 800
20 400
22 000
23 600
25 400
27 100
29 000
30 900
32 800
34 900
36 900
39 100
41 300
43 500
45 900
48 200
K Factor
161 000
71 500
40 200
25 700
17 900
13 100
10 100
7 950
6 450
5 320
4 470
3 810
3 280
2 860
2 510
2 230
1 990
1 780
1 610
1 460
1 630
1 220
1 120
1 030
952
883
821
765
715
670
629
591
557
525
497
470
446
423
402
1-17
S u pe r s pe e d A n gle R o t o r s
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
1-6. C R I T I C A L A N G U L A R V E L O C I T Y (C r it ical "S pe e d").
The critical "speed" is that "speed" at which any rotor imbalance will produce a driving frequency
equal to the resonant frequency of the rotating system (i.e., rotor, and the centrifuge drive).
At this "speed", the rotor exhibits large amplitude vibrations which can be felt in the instrument
frame. Mass imbalance will contribute to increased vibration intensity at the critical "speed" range.
Good operating procedure is to avoid operation at the critical "speed" range.
Critical "speed" ranges for the superspeed angle rotors are given in Table 1-15.
CAUTION
Continued operation at the critical "speed"
range will have a detrimental effect on centri-
fuge component life.
T able 1-15. C r it ical A n gu lar V e lo cit y
o f S u perspeed A n gle R o to rs
(in r e v/m in )
GSA
GS-3
SA-600
SE-12
SM-24
SS-34
R C -2B , R C -5, R C -5B
800

950
1100
1100
1140
S S -3
800
600
950
1100
1100
1140
1-18
Dll Pont I n s t r u m e n t s Superspeed Angle Rotors
S e ct io n 2. O PER A T IO N
2- 1. P R E -R U N C HE C KS .
Before every run, make a quick check of the following to ensure optimum safety performance:
a. Check that the tube cavities are free of corrosion.
b. Check that the tapered mounting surface is clean.
WA R N I N G
Every part o f a ce n t r ifu ge ro t o r sho u ld be
ke p t s cr u p u l o u s l y cl e an . I t s ho u l d be
car e fu lly in spected by t he user prio r t o every
r u n . I f in spect io n reveals an y sign of co rro sio n
or cr ackin g, ro to r should be wit hdr awn fr o m
service.
2-2. T U B E , BO T T L E A N D A D A P T E R A S S E M B L Y A N D I N S T A L L A T I O N .
Refer to the assembly and installation instructions which accompany the tube, bottle, and/or
adapter used.
Tubes or bottles may be installed either before or after the rotor is placed in the centrifuge per
the rotor balancing instructions in paragraph 2-3.
2-3. R O T O R M O U N T I N G A N D B A L A N C I N G .
a. Mounting
Prior to mounting the rotor on the tapered spindle of the centrifuge rotor drive, insure that the
rotor center hole and tapered spindle are free of foreign materials, nicks, and scratches. Wipe surfaces
clean before each seating operation to minimize rotor sticking, scratching, and corrosion. Place the
rotor on the tapered spindle and carefully engage the drive pins.
If centrifuge temperature is below room temperature, and unless the rotor has been pre-
chilled, allow time for the rotor to cool to the lower temperature before clamping the rotor in place
to preclude the rotor sticking to the spindle. Relative motion of the rotor with respect to the spindle
may wedge the rotor on the spindle as it contracts with decreasing temperature.
All superspeed angle rotors are equipped with double locking screws on the cover. The larger
hand screw secures the cover to the rotor and the smaller hand screw secures the rotor to the tapered
spindle. Tighten each screw separately first the larger screw, then the smaller.
2-1
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
b. Balancing
For best performance, each rotor compartment load, including adapters (where applicable),
tubes, and specimen must be properly balanced within 3 to 5 grams. Improper rotor balance may
damage the rotor drive. For a fully loaded rotor, a visual check of tube contents is generally sufficient to
prove the rotor is balanced.
D o n o t at t e m pt t o o pe r at e ro t o rs wit h masses
t hat diffe r by m o r e t han five gr am s in o ppo sin g
co m par t m e n t s .
If less than a full complement of specimen tubes is being run, place them in opposite compart-
ments. Water-filled tubes may be used to balance the rotor as required. Balance each opposing pair
individually, as shown in figure 2-1.
Six Place Rotor
(GSA, GS-3)
Eight Place Rotor
(SS-34)
Twelve Place Rotor
(SA-600, SE-12)
Twenty-four Place Rotor
(SM-24)
6/7-1
SA/10
Figure 2-1. Positioning Pairs of Tubes or Bottles in the Rotor
2-2
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
2-4. R O T O R "S P E E D 'V T E M P E R A T U R E D I FFE R E N T I A L D E T E R M I N A T I O N .
Rotor "speed'Vtemperature differential graphs and tables, such as figure 2-2, are supplied with
the instruction manual for most centrifuges. These are only an approximate guide showing the
temperature run control setting required to maintain desired sample temperature in the rotor
being used. The curves are approximate since the temperature offset (difference between indicated
and sample temperature) depends upon instrument efficiency and location, ambient temperature,
type of rotor and rotor "speed". When sample temperature is critical, the required offset should be
determined for each specific run.
C A U T I O N
The temperature offset technique should be
used on all runs at either low or high "speeds"
to prevent overtemperature and/or freezing
of sample.
To plot a correction curve and create graphs for each rotor for an individual instrument, it is
necessary to plot the set temperature versus the actual sample temperature for the rotor used at a
specific operating "speed" and ambient temperature.
Example: To derive a +7.5 C sample temperature with a SE-1 2 rotor at a speed of 1 5 000 rev/mi n
in an RC-5 centrifuge in an ambient temperature of 25 C, it is necessary to set the blue set tempera-
ture at approximately +5 C, or 2.5 C colder than the desired sample temperature.
o
LU
en
EC
LU
Q-
LU
LU
_ l
0 .
<
C/)
EQUILIBRIUM TIME=90MIN
@SET TEMPERATURE
SET TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 2-2. Sample Rotor "Speed"/Temperature Differential Chart
2- 3
superspeed Angle Rotors DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
NOTE
An ambient temperature of 25 C or less is
required to obtain optimum cooling efficiency.
At higher ambient temperatures, lower oper-
ating "speed" to maintain sample temperature
may be necessary.
Correction curve data can be obtained and plotted in a test run by dynamically calibrating a rotor/
centri fuge/desi red speed combination for an actual run. Using an immersable centigrade
thermometer calibrated in 0.1 C increments, and performing the following sequence, the result will
be a more accurate temperature correction for that rotor/centrifuge combination at that specific
"speed" and ambient temperature.
NOTE
Blank rotor "speed'Vtemperature differential
charts are provided in the back of this manual.
a. Set temperature to the desired sample temperature.
b. Prepare two opposing compartments with dispensable fluid (compatible with aluminum and
with a freezing point somewhat below sample temperature described) per rotor balancing instructions
described in Section 2-3.
c. Pre-cool the rotor in the centrifuge as per instrument operating instructions.
d. Pre-cool the thermometer in a refrigerator to 1.0 C below desired sample temperature
established in step (1) above.
e. When pre-cool time has elapsed, mount the rotor in the centrifuge and run at the speed for
which the offset is to be determined for at least 1/2 hour.
f. When run time has elapsed and the rotor has stopped, open the door, quickly open a
compartment and immerse the pre-cooled thermometer into the liquid. Agitate the thermometer in
the liquid for approximately five to ten seconds and record the temperature indication.
g. The desired temperature for the actual run is obtained by resetting the blue set temperature
upward or downward from the indication recorded on the thermometer.
Example: If the recorded indication is 2 C warmer than that desired, reset set temperature
downward 2 C.
h. Record the data on the appropriate Rotor "Speed'VTemperature Differential Chart for future
use.
2- 4
D u P o n t I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
2-5. R E D U C I N G "S P E E D S " FO R D E N S E FL U I D S .
There is a recommended design mass established for each superspeed angle rotor, representing
the maximum mass which should be carried in each compartment. The total package of contents for
each compartment, including specimen, tubes, cover, and adapter (if used), should not exceed the
recommended figure given in Table 2-1 unless rotor "speed" is lowered proportionately.
Angular Velocity = maximum rev/min
(from Table 2-1)
X
/Design Mass (from Table 2-1
Actual Compartment Mass
CAUTION
Solubility limits of gradients at the operating
temperature should never be exceeded.
The structural parts of the rotor are made of
aluminum alloy. For this reason it is not in-
tended for use with strong acids, strong bases
or with the salts of heavy metals such as
cesium, lead, silver or mercury.
T able 2- 1. R e co m m e n de d Design M ass per
C o m par t m e n t fo r Each R o t o r
Rotor
SS-34
SE-12
SM-24
GS A
GS-3
SA-600
Design Mass per
Compartment
(9)
115
30
27
580
780
115
Maximum
Angular Velocity
(rev/min)
20 000
20 000
20 000
13 000
9 000
16 500
100
10 30 40 50 60 70
Percentage Over Design Mass
80
90 100
2-5
Superspeed Angle Rotors Qll Pont I n s t r u m e n t s
2-6. E S T I M A T I O N O F S E D I M E N T A T I O N T I M E S I N A QU E O U S
(N O N -G R A D I E N T ) S O L U T I O N S .
The time required to sediment a particle in water at 20 C through the maximum rotor path length
(i.e. the distance between
r
minimum and
r
maximum) can be estimated using the equation
K
t = -=
where t = sedimentation time in hours
K = the clearing factor for the rotor (defined below)
expressed in hour-Svedbergs*
S20, u> the sedimentation coefficient for the particle of in-
terest in water at 20 C as expressed in Svedbergs*
The clearing, or K factor, is defined by the equation
if f ? n mm I i.
L
l
x
maximum \ . / rot or angular velocityV
K (253 300) In I 7 I I
i r t r
.
r i
I
I \
r
minimum / \ 1000 /
Where
r
maximum and
r
minimum are the maximum and minimum
rotor radii, respectively, and rotor angular velocity ("speed") is
expressed in rev/mi n.
K factors for the superspeed angle rotors for "speeds" from 1000 rev/min to maximum rev/min
have been listed in Tables 1-9 through 1-14.
EXAMPLE
The SS-34 rotor has a K factor of 402 at the maximum permitted "speed" (20 000 rev/min). If
the particles to be sedimented have a sedimentation coefficient of 100 S, the estimated run time
required at maximum "speed" will be
402
t = = 4.02 hours = 4 hours, 1 min
Note that the calculation assumes particles in waterat 20 C; if the suspending medium isdenser
or more viscous than water, the sedimentation time will be greater.
dx 1 d
x
*The sedimentation coefficient (s) in seconds, for a centrifugal field is defined by the equation s = ^ 2 , where -^ =
sedimentation velocity of the particle in cm/ s; a>= rotor "speed" in radians/s; and x = the distance of the particle from the axis of rotation
in centimeters. Conventionally, experimentally determined values of sedimentation coefficients are multiplied by 10" to convert them to
Svedberg units (S), so named in honor of the pioneer in ultracentrif ugation, The Svedberg. Thus a particle with an experimentally determined
sedimentation coefficient of 1 0 " seconds is usually referred to in the literature as "100 S particle". Since the value determined for the
sedimentation coefficient is dependent on the density and viscosity of the solution in which centrifugation is performed, values are usually
reported for the standard conditions of infinite dilution in water at 20 C, and designated S2o,u.
2-6
Dll Pont I n s t r u m e n t s Superspeed Angle Rotors
S e ct io n 3. M A I N T EN A N C E
3- 1. C O R R O S I O N .
The precision-engineered rotor is made from aluminum alloy for a high strength-to-weight ratio.
Although its corrosion resistance is good, it is not as good as stainless steel or titanium. Therefore,
exercise greater care in its maintenance. With a few precautions, you can minimize corrosion and
significantly prolong the useful life of the rotor. A little care, conscientiously applied, may preclude
rotor failure and its potential damage to the centrifuge.
Generally, corrosion refers to chemical reactions at the surface; rusting or pitting signaled by
growing areas of visible deterioration. On the other hand, stress corrosion attacks the inside of the
metal as well. Barely detectable cracks on the surface grow larger inward, weakening the part without
a visible warning.
Stress corrosion is thought to be initiated by certain combinations of stresses and chemical
reactions. The most common chemical causing deleterious effects is the chloride ion, whether in
solution (ammonium salts) or in as subtle a form as the sodium chloride in perspiration. If these
chemically harmful substances are allowed to remain on the rotor, corrosion almost certainly will
result.
The normal environment of a working rotor is a moist atmosphere, through normal humidity or
because the rotor is cooled belowthe dew point in a cold room or in a refrigerated centrifuge. Moisture
of any sort can initiate corrosion. Therefore, the rotor should be kept dry when not in use, and tubes
should be removed from the compartments after each run prior to storage. Corrosion often starts
under tubes left in compartments, particularly if condensation develops.
Stress, such as high centrifugal force, with corrosive conditions, will usually accelerate the
corrosive process in an exponential time relationship; i.e., time to failure, or useful life, tends to
decrease rapidly as stresses increase. Thus, rotor condition, speed, and load demand equal attention.
Under appropriate conditions, the stress corrosion applies to almost all commonly used alloys.
Even the corrosion-resistant alloys have been found susceptible. Therefore, be aware that favorable
conditions for stress corrosion cracking are present in all rotor applications and that care and attention
are required to minimize its effects.
3-2. WA S HI N G .
Wash the rotor with warm water and a mild soap or detergent at least once a week or, ideally, after
each use. It is particularly important to wash the rotor immediately after any spills have occurred. Most
laboratory chemicals can be removed with a lukewarm, 1 % solution of a mild, non-alkaline detergent
such as Ivory Liquid. Rinse the rotor well, inside and out. Ordinary tap water is usually adequate, but
3-1
Superspeed Angle Rotors DU PO IIt I n s t r u m e n t s
distilled water is preferable, especially for the last rinse. After rinsing, dry thoroughly, especially the
cavities. Use a soft absorbent cloth or towel or an air blast.
CAUTION
To avoid damaging the rotor surfaces when
cleaning:
Do not use strong laboratory detergents.
Use a stiff bristle brush only as required to
loosen encrusted materials, but be careful not
to scratch the surfaces with the wire tip.
Temperature must not exceed 100 C at any
time. Use ethylene oxide not autoclaving to
sterilize rotor body.
3-3. C O N T A M I N A T I O N .
Because of the nature of samples likely to be processed in the rotor, the chance of contamina-
tion, either biological or radioactive, is very possible. Always be aware of this possibility and take
normal precautions. Use standard decontamination procedures should exposure occur.
Should a centrifuge or rotor that has been used with radioactive or pathogenic material require
servicing by Du Pont personnel either at the customer's laboratory or at Du Pont facilities, comply
with the following procedure to ensure safety of our personnel.
a. Clean the centrifuge and/or rotor to be serviced of all encrusted material and decontaminate
it prior to servicing by our representative. There must be no radioactivity detectable by survey
equipment.
b. Complete and attach Decontamination Information Certificate (Du Pont Instruments Form
No. IPDP-59) to the centrifuge or rotor.
If centrifuge or rotor to be serviced does not have a Decontamination Information Certificate
attached and, in our opinion, presents a potential radioactive or biological hazard, our represe-
entative will not service the equipment until proper decontamination and certification is complete.
If we receive a centrifuge or rotor at our Service facilities which, in our opinion, is a radioactive or
biological hazard, the sender will be contacted for instructions as to disposition of the equipment.
Disposition costs will be borne by the sender.
Decontamination Information Certificates are included with these instructions. Additional
certificates are available from your local technical or customer service representative. In the event
these certificates are not available, a written statement certifying that the unit has been properly
decontaminated and outlining the procedures used will be acceptable.
N O T E
Service representative wi l l annotate a
Customer Service Repair Report if decontam-
ination was required, and if so, what the
contamination was and what procedure was
used. If no decontamination was required, it
will be so stated.
3- 2
DU PO nt I n s t r u m e n t s S uperspeed Angle R otors
3-4. S T O R A G E .
It is recommended that rotors be stored (after rinsing and drying) upside-down, with caps, plugs,
and tubes removed, so air can circulate. This will assist in preventing moisture from gathering and
settling at the bottom of the tube compartments.
3- 3/ 3- 4
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
+30 4----J
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SET TEMPERATURE (C)
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Rotor
15
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DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
S uperspeed A ngle R otors
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DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
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Rotor "Speed'VTemperature Differential Chart for the
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DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
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Rotor "Speed'VTemperature Differential Chart for the
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Rotor "Speed'VTemperature Differential Chart for the
Rotor
Instrument
Ambient Temperature -
Rotor "Speed"
DU PONT COMPANY INSTRUMENT PRODUCTS
NEWTOWN, CT 06470
(203) 426-5811
BIOMEDICAL DIVISION
District Offices:
WILMINGTON, DE 19898
Quillen Bldg., Concord Plaza
(302) 772-5655
ROCKVILLE, MD 20852
11900 Parklawn Drive
(301)770-2500
DES PLAINES, IL 60018
2200 E. Devon Ave.
(312)298-4555
CLAREMQNT, CA 91711
675 West Foot Hill Blvd.
(714) 624-9007
DuPont I n s t r u m e n t s
IPDP-406
Printed in U.S.A.