NAME : ARDIANSYAH RAMBE

NIM : 37.13.30.36

Understanding Educational Facilities and Infrastructure
Education infrastructure are all basic accessory device that indirectly support the
educational process in schools. In example location or place of education, school buildings,
sports fields, space and so on. While educational facilities are all the equipment, materials and
furnishings that are directly used in the educational process in the school, such as: space, books,
libraries, laboratories and so on.
Meanwhile, according to P and K ministerial decree No.079 / 1975, educational facilities
consists of 3 major groups, namely:
1. Buildings and school furniture .
2. Tool consisting of lessons and teaching aids and laboratory .
3. Media education can be grouped into use audiovisual equipment and media viewer that
does not use the viewer tool.
As for the responsibility of the educational facilities are the managers of educational
administration. In the micro or narrow the principals responsible for this problem, such as:
1. The relationship between the equipment and teaching with the teaching program.
2. Responsibility of the principal and relation to process and procedures
3. Some guidelines for the administration Equipment
4. Administration building and school supplies
From the explanation above, the management of educational facilities can be defined as
the process of cooperation utilization of all educational facilities effectively and efficiently.
(Bafadal, 2003). This definition shows that the existing infrastructure in schools needs to be
utilized and managed for the benefit of the learning process in schools. Management was
intended for the use of facilities and infrastructure in schools can be carried out effectively and
efficiently. Management infrastructure is a very important activity in school, because its
existence would be very supportive of the success of the learning process in schools.
In managing facilities and infrastructure at the school needed a process as contained in the
existing management in general, namely: from planning, organizing, mobilization, maintenance
and supervision. What does the school need to be carefully planned with regard to the facilities
and infrastructure that support the learning process.Educational facilities is closely related to all
the devices, equipment, materials and furnishings that are directly used in the learning process.
While the educational infrastructure related to all basic accessory device that indirectly support
the implementation of the learning process in school like; space, library, school office, infirmary,
student council room, parking space, laboratory space, etc..
Various types and Education Facilities

1. Kinds- J enis educational facilities
a. Least used
Judging from the worn-out or not, there are two kinds of educational facilities, which
means education that is wearing and durable means of education.
Educational facilities that wears out is any material or equipment which when used
can be discharged in a relatively short time.Example, chalk, some chemicals to the
practice of teachers and students, and so on.In addition, there are educational
facilities that change shape, such as wood, metal, cardboard and paper are often used
by teachers in teaching.Example: ribbon typewriter / computer, light bulbs, and
paper.
Durable educational facilities means education is the overall durable materials or
tools that can be used continuously and in a relatively long time.Example, school
benches, typewriters, atlases, globes, and some sports equipment.
b. Budge least when used.
In terms of moving least at the time of use, there are two kinds of educational
facilities, educational facilities is moving and educational facilities are not moving.
Educational facilities move is a means of education that can be moved or transferred
in accordance with the needs of the wearer, for example, file cabinets school,
benches, tables and so forth.
Educational facilities that do not move do not move means that education is not all
educational facilities or relative can be very difficult to be moved, such as a channel
of Regional Water Company (PDAM).

c. Relationship with the learning process.
Means of Education is divided into 3 types when viewed from its relationship with
the learning process, namely: learning tools, props, and the medium of instruction.
Learning tool is a tool that is used directly in the learning process, such as books,
teaching aids, stationery, and practice tools.
Props are educational and teaching aids, can be either actions or objects that are easy
to give sense to the students in a row from the abstract to the concrete.
Medium of instruction is a means of education are used as intermediates in the
learning process, to further enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in achieving
educational goals.

2. Various educational facilities
Educational experts classify three-part educational facilities associated with the five
senses. Various means are as follows:
a. Visual
Visual means of education is related to the five senses of sight, but without using the
five senses of hearing. Such as pictures, maps, globes, paintings, and others.
b. Audio
Audio is a means of education related to the five senses of hearing, but without using
the five senses of sight. For example a tape record , recording and radio.
c. Audio Visual
Audio Visual is a combination of audio and visual means of education, the
educational facilities of the combined use of the five senses of sight and hearing. For
example, television, video, film, and slides in with tape.


Planning Educational Facilities and Infrastructure Needs
Planning is the predetermined number of activities to be implemented in a given period in
order to achieve the goals set.According BintoroTjokroaminoto is the process of preparing the
activities to be carried out systematically to achieve a certain goal.PrajudiAtmosudirdjo defines
the calculation and determination of planning is about something that will be executed in order to
achieve a certain goal, who did it, when, where, and how to do it.
Aspects of planning include:
a. What to do
b. Who is doing
c. When was conducted
d. Where will be
e. How to do it
f. What is needed in order to achieve maximum goals

Planning provision of educational facilities and the needs analysis done by setting
priorities and activities to be implemented in accordance with the funds and the interest rate. The
purpose of planning is to avoid the occurrence of faults and failures that are not desirable, to
improve the effectiveness and efficiency in implementation.
Benefits of planning, namely: can help determine the goals, laying the groundwork and
establishing the steps, eliminating uncertainty, can be used as a guide or basis for monitoring,
control and even for later assessment activities can be run effectively and efficiently.
In making procurement planning educational facilities, according to Gunawan generally have to
go through the following process:

a. Compile a list of procurement planning is based on the analysis of the needs of each
organizational unit
b. Compile a list of the estimated cost or price of goods or equipment required under the
standard required
c. Established all procurement priorities based on available funds.

Purpose of Education Facilities and Infrastructure Management
In general, the purpose of education infrastructure management is to give a professional
service in the field of education infrastructure in the framework of the implementation of the
educational process effectively and efficiently. In detail, the goal is as follows:
1. To seek provision of educational facilities through the planning system and the provision
of careful and thorough. With these words, through the management of educational
supplies in the hope that all the equipment is in getting the school is medium and high
quality education, in accordance with the needs of schools, and with the funds
efficiently.
2. To pursue the use of school infrastructure appropriately and efficiently.
3. To Strive maintenance of school facilities and infrastructure, so that the existence and
condition is always ready to use any in need by all school personnel.

Principles of Management Education Facilities and Infrastructure
In order for equipment management objectives can be achieved there are a few principles
to consider in managing equipment in the school, the principles are:
1. Principles of Achieving Objectives
Basically, school supplies management done with the intention that all school facilities in
a condition ready for use. Therefore, management of school supplies can be said successful when
school facility is always ready to use at any time, at any one school personnel will use it.
2. Efficiency Principle
With the principle of efficiency of all procurement activities in the school facilities and
infrastructure planning to do with the heart, so that it can obtain good quality facilities with a
relatively cheap price. With the principle of efficiency means that the use of all school facilities
should be done as well as possible, so as to reduce waste. So school supplies should be equipped
with the technical instructions of use and maintenance. Technical instructions are communicated
to all personnel in the school who expect to use it. Furthermore, in view when need, done
guidance to all personnel.


3. Administrative principle
In Indonesia there are a number of laws and regulations relating to the means and prarana
education as an example is the regulation of the inventory and the elimination of state-owned
equipment. With the principle of administrative means all behavior management in the school
educational supplies should always pay attention to the laws, regulations, instructions, and
guidelines that have been enacted by the government. In an effort to practice, every person in
charge of the management of educational supplies should understand all the laws and regulations
and inform all school personnel in the estimate will participate in the management of educational
supplies.
4. Clarity Principle Responsibilities
In Indonesia, not least the presence of a very large educational institutions and
advanced.Therefore, large, facilities and infrastructure so much so that its management involves
many people.When it happens it is necessary to work organizing the management of educational
supplies. In its organization, all the duties and responsibilities of everyone involved that need to
be described clearly.
5. The principle of cohesiveness
With the principle means equipment management education in schools should be realized
in the form of school work process very compact. By because it is, despite all the people
involved in the management of the equipment has to have the duties and responsibilities of each,
but between each other should always work just as well.