1

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The hardest thing to see is what is in front of your eyes. Johann
Wolfgang von Goethe
Plants are everywhere. They cover the face of the earth. They were just
treated as a reliable food source in ancient times, but today, numerous benefits have been
given by these wondrous creations. One of these plants is the Moringa Oleifera,
commonly known as horseradish and locally known as malunggay. Moringa is now
among the priorities of the national government in its research and development
programs because of its innumerable benefits.
In fact, the malunggay plant has permeated every facet of human life via
agriculture, health, commercial, and industrial uses to name a few. One of the reasons for
great popularity of this plant is due to tremendous range of nutrients inherent in them.
Hence, the search for all the possibilities of this plant as a contributor to the development
of the country has been highly given importance. Since moringa is a low-cost and easy to
procure type of plant, they have been spread throughout the country with benefits
unknown to many. One of these is the viability of malunggay as a plant fortifier. Many
people use synthetic fertilizers to give extra life to their lawn and garden, but only a few
people consider the potential drawbacks of these fertilizers. In an effort to be as
2

environmentally conscious as possible, it is important to consider the potentially harmful
effects of fertilizers as well as the benefits. The use of organic fertilizer offers a safer
alternative to synthetic options. Their use is tied with the rise in organic farming.
Malunggay, as simple as it may seem, can go a long way in providing that extra care
plants need, without unlikely consequences.
Indeed, malunggay has come a long way from being an ordinary green edible
to becoming the next big thing in Philippine agriculture and, possibly, in our countrys
development, causing the rise of the lowly Moringa Oleifera.

Background of the Study
Since Moringa has a remarkable value, the researchers were motivated to
search for its other uses. Based from previous studies, they have found out that it could be
a possible plant growth hormone. Malunggay plant has a rich protein content which is
needed by growing crops and plants. By producing an organic plant enhancer made up of
the juice of the leaves of the malunggay, the researchers do not only procure better plants,
but also help in reducing the damage already done by synthetic and chemical ways of
growing greens.



3

Statement of the Problem
The researchers will probe and query further if the extract from the leaves of
moringa oleifera can be used as a plant growth hormone to produce high-quality plants.
Specifically, the researchers would like to know the answer of the following
questions:
1. How to produce a plant growth enhancer from malunggay leaves?
2. Would there be a considerable effect of the malunggay leaves extract to the
growth of a plant?

Significance of the Study
This study is important because it will support the researchers in their beliefs
that the juice of the leaves of the malunggay can be used as an organic plant enhancer in
chili plants and reducing the risks of the harmful effects brought about by synthetic
fertilizers.
Furthermore, it would give the readers a lucid view of what moringa is
capable of how it is beneficial to different aspects of human lives, in agriculture, the
human aspects of survival.


4

Scope and Limitations
This research will cover the possibility of moringa oleifera extract as a plant
growth enhancer and how it will be applicable for use in chili plants.
This research study aims to help the government cut costs in developing
chemical fertilizers which has been very expensive. Also, it seeks to spread awareness to
each and every one of the innumerable benefits of the malunggay plant, and one of them
is as a plant growth hormone.
This study is limited only on a small scale production, typically a garden
setting, thus, restricting the revelation of the effects of the enhancer on a large scale basis.

Hypothesis
To help the researchers answer their questions, the following hypothesis
were formulated:
Ho: Malunggay leaves extract is not an effective plant growth enhancer neither a
substitute for organic fertilizer.
Hi: The researchers propose that malunggay extract can be utilized as an effective plant
growth hormone and that it can also reduce the risk of plant disease, making it an
efficient pesticide, too, aside from being a plant growth enhancer as a substitute to
inorganic ways of growing plants.
5

Definition of Terms
Fertilizer - a chemical or natural substance added to soil to increase its fertility;
manure
Organic - Of, relating to, or derived from living matter
Synthetic artificial
Enhancer - to make greater, as in value, beauty, or effectiveness; augment
Extract - a concentrated preparation of a drug
Pesticide - a substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to
cultivated plants or to animals









6

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Related Readings
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10068
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

SENATE SB NO. 1799
This bill seeks to spur the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of
malunggay in suitable areas of the country in order to acquire the benefits of the
exceptionally nutritious and productive but underutilized tropical crop locally known as
malunggay.




7

Related Literature
Malunggay in the Philippines, Sajina in the Indian Subcontinent, and
Moringa in English, it is a popular tree. Many Asians use the leaves of Malunggay
(Sajina) like spinach and also the fruit it produces as a vegetable, like asparagus. It only
used to be known as a vegetable for lactating mothers. But new scientific studies say that
malunggay has medicinal and market possibilities.
Touted by scientists as a miracle vegetable, malunggay has been promoted by
the World Health Organization (WHO) for the past 20 years as a low-cost health
enhancer in poor countries around the globe.
Malunggay trees are generally grown in the backyards. The small, oval, dark-
green leaves are famous vegetable ingredient in soup, fish and chicken dishes.
Scientifically, called Moringa oleifera. this vegetable, despite its legendary potentials, is
still relatively unknown.
The sale of all forms of vitamins, minerals, and health supplements is a big
business, points out Moringa Zinga, an American company that promotes and sells
malunggay products in capsules. If you are a company selling hundreds of nutritional
products, why would you sell a product that will wipe out all your other products? This is
true for the pharmaceutical industries as well. These industries affect the general public to
remain ignorant about the moringa leaves.
8

According to the Biotechnology Program Office of the Department of
Agriculture, the malunggay has been found by biochemists and molecular anthropologists
to be rich in vitamins C and A, iron, and high density lipoprotein or good cholesterol.
Due to its high calcium content (four times the calcium in milk), lactating mothers
in the Philippines are often advised to consume malunggay leaves to produce more milk
for their babies. The young malunggay leaves are being boiled and drink as tea.
Malunggay leaves are loaded with nutrients. Gram for gram, malunggay leaves
also contain two times the protein in milk. Likewise, it contains three times the potassium
in bananas and four times the vitamin A in carrots.
Health nutritionists claim that an ounce of malunggay has the same Vitamin C
content as seven oranges. An important function of vitamin C not known to many is its
being an antioxidant. In fact, it has been recognized and accepted by the US Food and
Drug Administration as one of the four dietary antioxidants, the others being vitamin E,
beta-carotene and selenium. (A dietary oxidant is a substance in food that significantly
decreases the adverse effects of harmful chemicals).
There are more health benefits. Vivencio Mamaril, of the Bureau of Plant
Industry, told a national daily that in India, malunggay is used in treating various
ailments. A 2001 study in India has found that the fresh root of the young tree can be
used to treat fever. Asthmatics are advised to drink the infusion from the roots of the
plant.
9

Tender malunggay leaves also reduce phlegm and are administered internally for
scurvy and catarrhal conditions, while the flowers are used to heal inflammation of the
tendons and abscesses. Unripe pods of malunggay are also reported to prevent intestinal
worms, while the fruit also prevents eye disorders.
Other studies have shown that eating malunggay fruits can lead to higher semen
count. This is good news for men who are having problems in siring children. They can
now count on the malunggay to cork its magic on them.
Because of its nutritional content, malunggay strengthens the immune system,
restores skin condition, controls blood pressure, relieves headaches and migraines,
manages the sugar level thereby preventing diabetes, reduces inflammations and arthritis
pains, restricts the growth of tumors, and heals ulcers. This information comes from Dr.
Kumar Pati, an Indian doctor who is an expert in natural medicine.
The next big thing in Philippine agriculture. That is how the agriculture
department considers malunggay. Malunggay can save lives, increase incomes, generate
millions of jobs, utilize vast tracts of idle agricultural lands, make the Philippines
globally competitive, impact local and international market, and help attain
socioeconomic equity, explained Alice Ilaga, director of the DAs Biotechnology
Program.
Besides being sold in the public market as a vegetable, is there really a market for
malunggay products? The Philippines is currently in the midst of developing the local
market for malunggay and its products, said a statement released by Biotechnology
10

Program, which aggressively aims to develop the agribusiness potentials of various crops
as part of the governments poverty-alleviation program. Despite being behind other
countries such as India and Nicaragua, the Philippines malunggay industry is on its way
to becoming a global competitor.
In a press statement, Ilaga reported that the Nutrition Center of the Philippines is
setting its sights on fortifying different types of food. Given its nutritional value, it can
be utilized in fortifying sauces, juices, milk, bread, and most importantly, instant
noodles, Ilaga says.
According to Ilaga, a multinational food company reportedly has expressed keen
interest in putting up a processing plant in the Philippines for this purpose. A noodle
company is also eyeing malunggay for bio-fortification of noodles as part of its
commitment to support the program to fight malnutrition, which is prevalent in the
countryside, she added.
The seeds of malunggay contain 40% oil, which is considered excellent massage
oil. As part of its program to promote biotechnology, the agriculture department has
strategically positioned itself for the commercial planting of seeds for malunggay oil
production.
The Philippines can penetrate the international market in producing malunggay
oil from its seeds using advance technology to extract oil from enzymes, Ilaga disclosed.
11

One local company that is leading in malunggay production is SECURA
International. After entering into malunggay production for more than a year, it expects a
bright future for the malunggay industry.
In an interview with a news dispatch, SECURA president Danny Manayaga
admits that for the country to really take advantage of the market, it should first ensure
that there is enough supply to support it. The market is developing, but up to now, we
still dont know the extent of this market because we have not yet defined our capacity to
produce malunggay, he disclosed.
We are involved with contract growers from different towns all over the country
such as Valencia in Negros Oriental, Masinloc and Botolan in Zambales, Alaminos and
Infanta in Pangasinan, and Bamban in Tarlac, which accounts for 150 hectares of our
malunggay supply for our current market but it is not enough to sustain the demands for
other products such as moringa oil, Manayaga said.
SECURA needs at least 20,000 hectares to be able to support the available market
for malunggay products. Currently, it is involved in processing dehydrated malunggay
leaves to produce tea and as an additive to other medicinal plants to produce herbal tea.
This is the only active market that is running for malunggay now, Manayaga said.
Unknown to many Filipinos, malunggay has the ability to purify water. The
crushed moringa seeds can clear very turbid water, said Dr. John Sutherland, of
Leicester Universitys Department of Environmental Technology. He added that
12

powdered malunggay seeds are appropriate for water purification in rural areas of tropical
countries.
Planting malunggay trees can also help stabilize soil and contribute to fight
against deforestation. The malunggay tree is highly resistant to drought and needs little
care. It is fast-growing and lives for average of 50 years. Each tree can produce
approximately 10,000 seeds a year. It also makes an excellent fuel and fertilizer.
A tropical species, malunggay can tolerate temperatures up to 48 degrees
Centigrade, but 15 degrees to 35 degrees Centigrade is considered best. It grows in areas
with annual rainfall of 760 to 2250 millimeters.
Is planting malunggay profitable? According to Ilaga, for a hectare of malunggay,
the estimated net income per year is P150,000
Most fertilizers contain about the same basic materials: nitrogen, potassium,
phosphorus and sometimes other nutrients, like zinc, needed for healthy plant growth.
Many people use fertilizers to give extra life to their lawn and garden, but few people
consider the potential drawbacks of these fertilizers. In an effort to be as environmentally
conscious as possible, it is important to consider the potentially harmful effects of
fertilizers as well as the benefits.
The most significant harmful effects come from fertilizer that is designed to kill
or prevent weeds. According to the EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs, 12 of the most
popular pesticides in the United States have ingredients known to cause cancer. Organic
fertilizers are guaranteed to be safe for the environment, the body and free of pesticides.
13

While fertilizers may be beneficial to the plants, they are not always as healthy for
the rest of the environment. Many of the "quick-release" fertilizers have been known to
lead to oxygen loss in waterways due to runoff into the street and, as a result, into the
water. High amounts of nitrogen can find their way into waterways in this way, causing
an excess of algae and a resulting loss of oxygen in the water. This can have a negative
effect on fish and other wildlife in the water.
Many people do not realize that some fertilizers are made from the residuals of
waste water treatment facilities or recycled from other areas that cause them to test
positive for toxic waste. According to the federation of Public Interest Research Groups
(PIRG), 29 popular fertilizers tested positive for 22 toxic heavy metals, including silver,
nickel, selenium, thallium and vanadium. All of the metals found are linked directly to
human health hazards.
The basic purpose of organic fertilizers is to improve the soil quality by amending
it with nutrients it may lack. The International Fertilizer Industry Association defines
fertilizers as materials containing 5 percent of more of the three essential plant nutrients:
nitrogen, phosphorus and phosphate.
Nitrogen is vital for plant growth. The atmosphere contains about 78 percent
nitrogen, explains the International Plant Nutrition Institute. However, this atmospheric
form is not usable by plants. Organic fertilizers provide nitrogen in a usable form, which
will help improve plant growth while neither burning roots nor destroying beneficial
micro-organisms in the soil.
14

A healthy plant has the biological capacity to fend off some cases of disease.
When a plant is stressed due to lack of nutrients, its growth slows. Its ability to ward off
disease-carrying bacteria and fungi weakens. Organic fertilizers help prevent diseases by
meeting the plants' nutritional needs. This action removes a serious source of stress.
As with disease, organic fertilizers can help plants resist parasitic infestations by
insects and other agents. Parasites may attack plants at a site of injury. A healthy plant is
actively growing plant tissue during the growing season and can repair the damage,
setting up a barrier against parasites.
In addition to healthy growth, organic fertilizers play another role in parasite
prevention. A 2006 study in the "Journal of Vegetable Science" found that organic
broccoli and other vegetables treated with organic fertilizers attracted less insect pests.
Leaf scorch describes a non-disease, non-parasitic condition in plants, which
causes yellowing and damage to leaves of ornamental trees and shrubs. It is caused by
unhealthy conditions or drainage issues with soils.
In nature, decomposition of organic matter creates a natural fertilizer. Applying
organic compost or well-aged herbivore manure adds nutrient-rich organic material to the
soil, improving quality and texture. Adding organic material to the soil increases its
ability to hold water; reduces erosion from water and wind; decreases compaction and
crusting of the soil; and raises soil pH. A study at Virginia Tech comparing organic or
inorganic fertilizers determined that organic fertilizer is the better choice. Creating your
own organic fertilizer from leaves, grass clippings, kitchen scraps and yard debris
recycles waste into valuable, no-cost fertilizer. Natural fertilizers are less likely to burn
15

tender, young plants as they are less concentrated than chemical formulas. You may also
want the peace of mind of knowing the food you cultivate is free of noxious chemicals.
Natural fertilizers are chemical-free and can save you money.
Natural fertilizers are slow to break down into the nutrients the growing garden
requires. Many natural fertilizers, such as manure, seaweed or fish oil, are quite smelly
and are too offensive to use on indoor plants. Gathering natural materials, such as
seaweed, grass clippings and leaves, to add to the compost pile is labor-intensive and
time-consuming. Distribution of nutrients in organic fertilizer varies. Organic materials
break down at different rates, so the composition and content of organic fertilizer is never
consistent. It is a misconception to believe that just because a fertilizer is organic, it is
automatically safer. Organic fertilizer, if you apply it incorrectly, can contribute to
surface and groundwater contamination, create a nutritional imbalance in the soil and
cause salt burns.
Chemical fertilizers are made with synthetic ingredients designed to stimulate
plant growth. Commercial chemical fertilizers have the advantage of predictability and
reliability. Formulations are blended with accuracy and you can buy different blends for
different types of plants. Commercial chemical fertilizers contain a balanced distribution
of the three main essential nutrients needed for optimum plant growth: nitrogen,
phosphorous and potassium. Many formulas also contain iron, sulfur and cooper. The
amount of the three main ingredients are listed in that order, by percentage, on
commercial fertilizer labels as the N-P-K ratio. Percentages of trace minerals are not
16

always listed. Commercial formulated fertilizers allow you to know exactly which
nutrients you're giving your plants, rather than guessing at the composition of organic
formulas.
Commercial chemical fertilizers are more expensive than natural fertilizers. They
may contain ingredients that may be toxic to the skin or respiratory system. You also
need to mix and measure them accurately. If you use too much, you can kill your plants.
Chemical fertilizers can build up in the soil, causing long-term imbalances in soil pH and
fertility.

Related Studies
Dried Papaya Leaves as Organic Mulch for Tomato Plants
Mulching in agricultural provides a safe yet equally profitable method of
enriching and fertilizing the soil planted with crops. Most often-used mulches are of
organic composition, such as dry leaves and barks. Unlike synthetic fertilizers and
herbicides, these organic mulches pose no or little damage to the soil and crops.
In this study, the effectiveness of dried papaya leaves as organic mulch for tomato
was tested. Papaya mulches in different thickness were applied on plots planted with
tomato in three replications. After the determined period of mulch application, the
researchers application, the researchers measured the height increases of tomato plants
and the weed density in the plots. It was concluded that papaya mulch significantly
17

promoted height increase of tomato plants and inhibited the growth of weeds. The best
mulch was 3 inches in thickness.
Usually defined as the use of organic and biodegradable materials to give plants
the nutrients they need, organic farming proved to be the safest and most effective
method of increasing and sustaining yield. Various methods fall under organic farming,
such as composting, green manuring, legume inoculating, and utilizing animal manure as
fertilizers.
Mulching is a simple process that increases soil fertility and regulating several
factors affecting overall plant growth. In this method, a layer of material-the mulch-is
placed on soil surface around the plant. The mulch is used to retard the growth of weeds,
protect roots and stems from sudden or extreme temperature changes, reduce soil erosion
by wind and water, retard runoff of rainfall, prevent soil puddling by breaking the impact
of raindrops, and keep flowers and fruits from being spattered with mud during
rainstorms.
Researchers: Ma. Theresa C. Acayen, Leizel G. Magdaraog, Levin G. Matriano, Leslie
Mae D. Rivero | Adviser: Ms. Marie Christine W. Merca | Philippine Science High
School Bicol Region Campus
Moringa: A Miracle Plant for Agro-forestry
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) has gained much importance in the recent days due to
its multiple used and benefits to agriculture and industry. Regarded as a miracle plant, all
18

the parts of moringa plant are used for medicinal and other purposes. Recently, the roles
of aqueous extracts of various parts in enhancing plant growth and productivity have
been explored, making it even more valuable plant species. The focus of this review is to
encompass the research so far conducted in exploring the potential of moringa for
medicinal uses, moringa oil as lubricant in industry as well as biodiesel, as biopesticide,
as nutritional source, in enhancing plant growth and productivity both of the normally
growing and stressed plants. Special focus has also been places on the recent research
efforts carried out at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. We believe that this
review will help further exploring the novel avenues of research using Morigna as a
valuable plant for benefits of mankind. 2012 Friends Science Publishers
M.ASHFAQ1, SHAHZAD M.A.BASRA AND UMAIR ASHFAQ
Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Corresponding authors e-mail: deanagriuaf@yahoo.com

Moringa leaf extract (MLE): a natural plant growth enhancer
Leaves of Moringa oleifera are rich in zeatin, a cytokinin in addition to other
growth enhancing compounds like ascorbates, phenolic and minerals like Ca, K, and Fe
that makes it an excellent crop growth enhancer.
19

Moringa leaf extract is best used as plant growth enhancer. Foidle (1999) carried
out a project named Biomasa to grow Moringa and explored the foliar effects of its
extract at World Environment Day 16th June-2011 45 three different concentration i.e.,
low (12.5 g MLE in 100 ml water), medium (25g MLE in 100 ml water) and high (50g
MLE in 100 ml water) on radish and bean (25 ml per plant).
It was reported that medium level of MLE was more effective than other
treatments. There was an increase of 94% in radish and 65% in bean because of MLE
application. Lab experimentation had shown that Moringa spray had a widerange of
beneficial effects on plant crops. Effects of spray indicated accelerated growth of young
plants. Plants were firmer, more resistant to pests and disease, longer life-span, heavier
roots, stems and leaves, produced more fruit, larger fruit, increase in yield 20-35% even if
a fraction of these results could be reproduced in the field it could be a great help in
increasing food supplies for millions of hungry people (Foidle et al., 2001).

GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF COBB BROILERS GIVEN VARYING
CONCENTRATIONS OF MALUNGGAY (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT
ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to determine the growth performance of Cobb
broilers supplemented with varying concentrations of Moringa oleifera Aqueous Leaf
Extract (MoALE) via the drinking water. A total of four hundred day-old chicks were
20

randomly distributed into four treatment groups, replicated four times with twenty-five
broilers per replicate. The growth performance of broilers was evaluated based on their
feed consumption, live weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and return of investment
(ROI). Results of the study showed that at 90 mL MoALE (T3), the feed consumption of
broilers was consistently lower than the control group (T0) and this was statistically
significant (P<0.01). The live weight of broilers given 30 mL (T1), 60 mL (T2) and 90
mL (T3) MoALEs were significantly higher than the control group (T0) and this was also
statistically significant (P<0.01). In terms of feed conversion ratio (FCR), the MoALE
treated broilers (T1-T3) were more efficient converter of feeds into meat than the control
group (T0) and this was statistically significant (P<0.01). Furthermore, the return of
investment (ROI) of MoALE treated broilers (T1-T3) was significantly higher (P<0.01)
than the control group (T0) with a revenue per peso invested of Php 0.62 in T1 and T2,
and Php 0.63 in T3 compared to Php 0.50 in T0.
H.P. PORTUGALIZA and T.J. FERNANDEZ, JR
College of Veterinary Medicine, Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City, Leyte
6521-A, Philippines
*Email: horpor17@yahoo.com.ph
21

CHAPTER III
METHODS OF RESEARCH
This chapter presents the manner by which this research will be achieved. The
altercations appending the research design, methods and techniques to be manipulated in
the study. This also comprehends the population and sample of the study, the research
instruments, and the construction and validation of instrument. Lastly, this chapter
comprises the data gathering procedure, the data processing and the statistical treatment
bestowed.

Moringa Leaf Extract As A Tomato Plant Growth Hormone
Materials
Malunggay leaves, blender, dry clean cloth, basin, spray bottle, chili seeds, pots, one for
the control and one for the experimental, water, soil, shovel
Procedure
a) Make an extract by grinding young moringa shoots (not more than 40 days old)
together with a bit of water (about 100 mililiters per 10 g fresh material).
22

b) Filter the solid out of the solution. This can be done by placing the solution in a cloth
and wringing out the liquid. The solid matter, which will contain 12-14% protein, can be
used as livestock feed.
c) Dilute the extract with water (one tablespoon per 25 ml ratio) and spray directly onto
plants (if the extract is not going to be used within five hours, it is best stored in a freezer
until needed). Apply about 50 ml on the experimental variable.
Note: The foliar spray should be applied 10 days after the first shoots emerge from the
soil, again about 30 days before plants begin to flower, again when seed appears and
finally once more during the maturation phase.








23

CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Overview of this chapter
The conduct of this study entails a detailed account of the daily
observation of the control and experimental variables. It is assumed that the
attributes of the plant sample affects the adaptation of the plant growth hormone.
Of particular significance to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the
study which is to be an instrument of analysis to gauge where it is now and
where it is heading, thus what changes are to be made is to be able to answer the
research questions.
To record the effects of the malunggay leaves extract, the control variable
or plant A was given an equal amount of sunlight and water as with plant B or the
experimental variable. The only difference made was the control was left to grow
under normal circumstances like a normal plant should be. On the other hand, 50
ml of the foliar spray was applied to plant B. Ten (10) days after the first shoots
emerge from the soil, apply again. About thirty (30) days before plants begin to
flower, again when seed appears and finally once more during the maturation
phase.


24

Table 1.1
Change in Height (cm)

The graph explains that plant B, which happens to be the experimental
variable, have reached the height of maturity earlier than the control variable. This
data show the one(1) month observation of the researchers regarding the changes
in height of the two variables.




0
1
2
3
4
5
6
day 1 day 5 day 10 day 15 day 20 day 25 day 30
Control
Experimental
25

Table 1.2
Number of Leaves


The table represents the development of the plants leaves. It shows that
the experimental variable has been able to grow the greater amount of leaves. It
also shows that the experimental plant has been able to have the leaves that look
fuller and greener than the control variable.



0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week
control
Experimental
26

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Plants give us many benefits not just as food but for other purposes as
well. One of these plants is Moringa Oleifera or commonly known as Malunggay.
The process by which the leaves are extracted gives the result showing that the
Moringa Oleifera plant enhancer is effective in helping the plant in its growth. In
terms of qualities, the experimental plant, over 1 week, reached a height of
maturity earlier than the control. Its leaves look fuller. Due to the observations,
the researchers predict that the Malunggay leaves extract is a probable plant
growth hormone.

Conclusions
This research study concludes that Moringa Oleifera leaves extract is
capable when use as a plant growth enhancer. Since Moringa Oleifera, commonly
known as Malunggay, has a rich high protein content which is needed by growing
crops and plant, it is capable in producing organic plant enhancer.


27

Recommendations
The world has already procured a wide range of malunggay products and
since many of Malunggay products are mainstream, the researchers recommend
that this plant growth hormone be introduced to the public especially for those
people who want to grow plant at a fast phase on their backyard . The researchers
also suggest that the future researchers should follow the specific steps strictly in
spraying the plant growth hormone in accordance to the plants maturity phase
since the researchers could not because of the limited time frame provided. Since,
it is made up of organic materials; it has the advantages of commercial chemical
fertilizers without the harmful effects.












28


APPENDIX
Tables

Table 1.1
Change in Height (cm)


Table 1.2
Changes in the Number of Leaves
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week
control
Experimental
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
day 1 day 5 day 10 day 15 day 20 day 25 day 30
Control
Experimental
29




BIBLIOGRAPHY

Africa, M.D.M (2010). General information about malunggay. Philippine Moringa: The
Golden Green Industry
Arellano, Bernadette. Moringa Philippines Foundation, Inc. Personal Interview,
February 2010.
Benavides, Jesus, Alex Rall, David Salamon and Jose Torbay. Moringa Oil Market
Outlook. 2008.
Biotech for Life
DA Biotech Program
Go, Ian. DA unit funds Malunggay BIONegosyo project. Biolife magazine (2009, Issue
Number 1), p. 28.
Personal Interview, DA Biotechnology Program Office.
Petalcorin, Gaudencio, Ph.D., Biotechnology Information and Organization Network
(BIONet). Telephone Interview, February 2010.
Philippine Information Agency
Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture
(SEARCA) - Biotechnology Information Center
The Medicinal Magic of Malunggay. Unilab Consumer Health News, November 2007.
Various company websites.
Yap, Lim feed 200 poor children with Malunggay-fortified porridge. The Daily Tribune,
January 2009.


30


Curriculum Vitae

Name: Jayne Kazandra P. Ortega
Nickname: Kazy
Date of Birth: October 16, 1997 Place of Birth: Baguio City
Age: 15
Height:52 Weight: 56 kg
Fathers Name: Jason R. Ortega
Mothers Name: Glenda P. Ortega
Zodiac Sign: Libra
Favorite Color: Blue green
Favorite Book: The Harry Potter Series by J.K. Rowling
Favorite Food: Pizza
Hobbies: Reading, singing, writing, surfing the Net
Educational Attainment: Elementary Graduate and currently in High School
Motto: To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to change you is the greatest
accomplishment. Ralph Waldo Emerson
Ambition: To be happy.

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Curriculum Vitae

Name: Mary Marlet Alellie Santos Saladino
Nickname:Let
Date of Birth:June 7, 1997 Place of Birth:San Marcelino, Zambales
Age:15
Height:52 Weight:40 kg
Fathers Name:Alfredo M. Saladino Jr.
Mothers Name:Nellie S. Saladino
Zodiac Sign:Gemini
Favorite Color:Violet
Favorite Book:Crossing Oceans
Favorite Food:Seafoods
Hobbies:Playing, Reading, Singing
Educational Attainment:Elementary Graduate. Currently in Highschool
Motto: Optimism is the Faith that leads to Suuccess. Nothing can be done without hope
and confidence.
Ambition: To be happy and to fulfill Gods will for me.

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Curriculum Vitae

Name: Daniel Omaa Mirabueno
Nickname: Dan
Date of Birth: May 31, 1996 Place of Birth: Olongapo City
Age: 16
Height:54 Weight: 49 kg
Fathers Name: Dr. Tirso C. Mirabueno
Mothers Name: Mrs. Lydia O. Mirabueno
Zodiac Sign: Gemini
Favorite Color: Blue
Favorite Book: The Li
ttle Prince
Favorite Food: Burger
Hobbies: Singing, Dancing, Watching T.V., playing computer games
Educational Attainment: Elementary Graduate
Motto: Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement. Nothing can be done without
hope and confidence.
Ambition: To be a successful doctor.
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Curriculum Vitae

Name: Franz Beryl M. Valenzuela
Nickname: Bboy
Date of Birth: April 19, 1997 Place of Birth: Olongapo City
Age: 15
Height:181 Weight: 64
Fathers Name: Bernardo T. Valenzuela
Mothers Name: Annabel M. Valenzuela
Zodiac Sign: Aries
Favorite Color: Blue
Favorite Book: Readers Digest
Favorite Food: Adobo, egg, hotdog, anything
Hobbies: Eating, Reading, Playing Computer Games, Sports and others.
Educational Attainment: Elementary Graduate
Motto: Everything happens for a reason
Ambition: To be a successful engineer.


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Curriculum Vitae

Name: Jan Emyl Matawaran Dela Cruz
Nickname: Emyl
Date of Birth: January 3, 1997 Place of Birth: Plaridel, Bulacan
Age: 16
Height: 171 cm Weight: 62 kg
Fathers Name: Ruel Salonga Dela Cruz
Mothers Name: Lorna Ebueng Matawaran
Zodiac Sign: Capricorn
Favorite Color: Blue
Favorite Book: The Hunger Games Series by Suzanne Collins
Favorite Food: Anything edible but especially bananas and milk
Hobbies: Eating, Reading, Sleeping, Playing Chess, and Cooking
Educational Attainment: Elementary Graduate, Secondary Graduate
Motto: Happiness is made not found but it is made by the people around you. -
Anonymous
Ambition: To be a successful person and a successful lover.

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