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OLM Installer version 2.9

User manual

























ELCON REG. NO R90895-04, 1998
Edition 5, 2005-07-08

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for
any purpose, without the express written permission of Elcon International AB.

OLM is a Registered Trademark of Elcon AB Sweden
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Table of contents

Introduction................................................................................................................................ 3
The OLM Installer ................................................................................................................... 4
Program installation and basic usage ................................................................................ 5
High voltage circuit breakers ..................................................................................................... 8
OLM switch monitor equipments.......................................................................................... 10
Switch monitor equipment installation.............................................................................. 13
Diagram window controls ................................................................................................. 28
The OLM-server engine........................................................................................................ 30
Install and configure a server engine ............................................................................... 31
OLM2 switch monitor measurements ................................................................................... 36
Test and calibrate an OLM2 switch monitor .................................................................. 37
OLM2 switch monitor parameter data................................................................................... 43
OLM2 hardware specification summary ............................................................................... 45
Declaration of conformity......................................................................................................... 47
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Introduction

The object of this manual is to describe both the fundamentals of an OLM supervisory
software adaptation and how to use the OLM Installer program. The disposition however is,
in the first hand, directed to be an instruction for use.

For a detailed description of OLM switch monitor equipments and the OLM Explorer
software refers to the respective user manuals. For detailed description of high voltage circuit
breakers (switches) refers to the manufacturer documentation and general literature on this
subject.

No information how to connect and configure a specific supervisory equipment installation is
in this manual. For such information refers to the suppliers documentation.

Version is the number before and revision is the number after the decimal point of the
program version label.

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The OLM Installer

The OLM Installer is one of the programs, of the licensed software, supplied together with
OLM supervision equipments. The program is mainly used as a tool to configure and test
OLM equipment installations. Included are also functions to install and maintain OLM
server engines. The program can additionally be used to do function-tests on, and to
calibrate, separate OLM2 switch monitors.


PC computer
The OLM Installer can be used on most PC computers under Microsoft Windows operating
system. Since the Installer program mainly is used at field installations a notebook computer
could be practical. On the computer should be at least one free USB or RS232 serial port.


Communication
OLM switch monitors communicate through a kind of serial interface normally connected to
an OLM-bus. An OLM-bus consists physically of a twisted pair screened copper cable and
can be daisy-chained between one server and up to 31 OLM switch monitor units. At
installations however usually the OLM Switch monitors are connected separately.


Supervised objects
There are several different types and configurations of high voltage circuit breakers in the
market. These breakers, also called switches or just objects in the following documentation,
consist of one or more sub-units. Common for an installation usually is one switch monitor per
sub-unit. The OLM Explorer supervision software can handle up to three such sub-units as
a common object. At installations however each, switch monitor provided, unit are handled
separately.


Switch monitoring equipment
An OLM switch monitor is a sort of data acquisition unit especially designed for switches in
high voltage environments. External signals as of contacts, power lines, current-shunts and
transformers, travel encoders, gas-density and temperature sensors are connected directly to
this unit. The OLM Installer is used to set the unit conversion factors of these external
sensors as well as some function flags and the internal alarm conditions of the monitor.


Server
The OLM server engine is a software driver (system service routine) dedicated gathering,
buffering and forwarding data of OLM switch monitor acquisitions. This server engine is
resident on a computer connected directly or indirectly to one or more OLM-busses and
usually with some sort of Internet connection. The computer, which normally is located in the
control room of a substation, is an ordinary PC running a Microsoft Windows operating
system. The OLM Installer can be used to both install and maintain such server engines.


Calibration
All OLM2 switch monitors is tested and calibrated from factory. Under normal circumstances
then no more calibration is necessary. Test and calibration of switch monitors however can be
done with help of the OLM Installer program.


Gauge units
Gauge units used in this program are limited to SI-standard base and derived units. In the
OLM Explorer, supervision and analysis software, several other common international
gauge units can alternatively be used.
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Program installation and basic usage
On the OLM system installation CD is documentation and installation files for the OLM
Explorer and the OLM Installer programs. There is also the OLM server program, which is
included in all installations. It can additionally be some supplementary information files there.

Sometimes these installation files are supplied on an equipment suppliers documentation CD.
In addition an installation file also can be downloaded directly from the Elcon homepage.


Hardware demands
A conventional PC-computer with a CD-ROM, 100-Mb free hard-disk space and an USB or an
RS232 serial communication port is sufficient. 256-Mb or more of internal memory is
recommended.


Software environment demands
Microsoft Windows operating systems 2000 and XP are supported. No other software, except
the OLM Installer itself, is necessary. About the basics of and how to use the operating
system its own documentation should be consulted.


Basic functions
The OLM Installer is used to install, test and calibrate OLM2 switch monitors. It can also
be used to install and maintain OLM server engines. An installation engineer can be guided
through the whole necessary software-adjustment procedure. Additionally all measuring
inputs on OLM switch monitors can be calibrated, also with help of a guide.


Installation procedure
Insert the OLM system installation CD into the CD-drive of the computer. Usually an
installation window then appears after a few seconds. If however nothing happens then open
the Run command window under the Start menu and type the letter of the CD-ROM drive
followed by setup as D:\setup. Then follow instructions, in the OLM software Install Shield
Wizard, to complete the installation.


Communication interface
Before the start of OLM Installer an OLM switch monitor unit should be connected. The
communication between the used computer and the switch monitor is done through a
standard RS232/RS485 or USB/RS485 bus converter with automatic direction control.

The converter is then connected, with the supplied cables, to the RS232 or USB serial ports
on the computer and the OLM-bus terminals to the switch monitor. Also connect power to
the switch monitor and to the converter through its belonging AC-adapter. Communication
can now be established.

Usually the switch monitor is mounted in a breaker cabinet as a part of OLM supervision
equipment and with an OLM bus already connected. This connection then first has to be
temporarily removed.

Unit configuration and related file creation however can be done without a connected OLM
switch monitor as a convenience in preparing installations.


OLM Installer main window
Start the OLM Installer by the OLM Installer icon on the desktop. The OLM Installer main
window is showed. In front of it is also the Connect to OLM switch monitor dialogue
window showed. Select the number, of the COM-port used, and then click the Connect
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button. If the following try, to connect the switch monitor, is successful the Connect window
disappears and the communication is established.

If the message Connection failed is showed then something is wrong. First try to connect by
select the respective other communication ports available in this window. If this not helps is it
probably a hardware problem. Check carefully the connections, the cables, the converter and
the AC-adapter. If nothing of this helps consult the supplier of the equipment.

Now most functions, of the OLM Installer, are available.





Menus
There are five categories on the menu bar: File, Installation, Calibration, Server and
Help. Detailed information for use of each function under the Installation, Calibration and
Server menus are in its respective section of this manual.





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File menu
Functions under the File menu are the Connect switch monitor dialog and a separate
Disconnect switch monitor function.

Clear Alarm is used to clear an alarm state in a switch monitor. Used mainly for testing
purposes. Change password is used to change the password used by an authorized to
calibrate switch monitors. Upload New Program is a command to store new program code
in a switch monitor.

Print Calibration is used to print the internal calibration factors for a switch monitor. Quit
is used to leave the OLM Installer program.


Help menu
Under the Help menu is the User manual item which opens the on line documentation for
the installer software. There is also the Online Support which, if the computer is connected
to Internet, directly opens the OLM home page with the default Internet browser.

Additionally there is the About OLM Installer item, which opens a window that shows the
version of the program and a button to view the system configuration of the computer used.
The About OLM Switch Monitor item is used to shows some common information about a
connected switch monitor.






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High voltage circuit breakers
High voltage is in this case defined as higher than 35 000 Volt.



Basic object configurations
A circuit breaker installation can consist of one or more breaker units. In configurations
consisting of more than one unit they usually are of the same type. The most common
configurations are one three-pole unit, three one-pole units and three two-pole units.

Each separate unit of an OLM supervised circuit breaker usually is provided with a separate
switch monitor.

Basic construction types
Live-tank circuit breakers are characterized of its contacts high voltage strength. The contact
chamber enclosure is isolated from earth and floating. The power lines are connected directly
to contacts on this enclosure. This is the most used type in the world.

Dead-tank circuit breakers are characterized of its compact construction. The contact
chamber enclosure is of conductive material and connected to the units frame. The power
lines are connected through bushings from this enclosure. Current transformers, of this
reason, can be integrated directly in the unit. This is the most common type in Northern
America.

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Circuit breakers used in gas isolated switchgear (GIS) environments have a construction
similar to dead-tank breakers.

Pole constructions
Each pole of a unit can have one or two internal contacts. The most common isolation, and
arc extinguish, medias used are SF6-gas, oil and air. The contact design and size, in
combination with forced- or self- blast techniques, then decides its current and voltage
capacity.

SF6-gas leakage is one of the most common problems in modern breaker constructions.
Each separate OLM2 switch monitor can supervise up to three different gas chambers. The
leakage rate and a recommended last date to refill then can be calculated.

Contact degradation or wear can be calculated, from the pole tripping current, if the relation is
known. Different methods can be used in the OLM Explorer to calculate this contact wears.

Operating mechanism types
The most commonly used technique to mechanically operate a breaker is through a forced
spring. Usually an electrical motor through a gear then charges this spring at each close
operation. Electrically operated clutches, commonly called operation coils, then release
enough of the spring energy to do the contact movements. This type of operating
mechanisms is very reliable and has no fundamental weak points.

Another way is to use a hydraulic spring accumulator charged by an electrical forced
hydraulic pump. Electrically operated valves then release the necessary energy, trough
hydraulic cylinders, to operate the contacts. This type of operating mechanisms can operate
very fast and can store energy enough to perform complex operation series. Disadvantages
are the internal energy loses (oil leakage) that must be compensated by a repetitively use of
the hydraulic pump.

Other techniques and variations of this both may exists but the basic principal is, with use of
electrical signals operate a contact, through release appropriate portions of an electrically
charged energy-accumulator.

An OLM2 switch monitor can record operation travel, coil currents, motor current and for
hydraulic mechanisms even an energy accumulator travel. The condition of such important
parts as the, operating latches, damping arrangement, motor, spring, operating valves and
hydraulic tightening then can be calculated.

Inverted breakers
Close is the common system operating state of a circuit breaker. For some applications
however the opposite is true. Inverted breaker units can replace common breaker units in
such cases. Poles of these switches also then usually are optimized to connect capacitive
loads.

Synchronized switches
A special variant of three-pole switches has a mechanical contact delay between its poles. At
three-phase operations then the poles, of these units, are switched at the same or at the
closest opposite phase-angle.

For switches, consisting of one ore more units per phase, instead corresponding electrical
delays between their operating signals are used. With a synchronization device then the
operation phase-angle, of these switches, is optimized for each application.

The most common object of all synchronization methods is to minimize contact wear!

Literature
More detailed information about high voltage circuit breakers can be found in common
technical literature on this subject. For details of a specific breaker type consult the breaker
manufacturers documentation.
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OLM switch monitor equipments

Depending of the configuration of the switch to monitor, OLM equipments can consist of
different number of switch monitors. Signals to and from a switch as of contacts, power lines,
current shunts and transformers, travel encoders, gas density and temperature sensors and
communication lines are connected directly to these units. A specially designed field bus, the
OLM-bus, then transmits the acquisition data from such installations. On a computer in the
control room, this bussed data is gathered and stored. Through network or Internet the data
from these servers then are transported to the places for OLM Explorer supervision.


OLM2 switch monitors
An OLM2-switch monitor is a small measure and data acquisition unit designed for use in
switchgear environments. It is adapted to be mounted and connected in the cabinet of the
host object. All communication with the world around is done through an electrical bus.






A switch monitor is continuously waiting for events. Possible events are operations, status
alarms and commands. As soon as an operation occurs is an acquisition and evaluation
performed. The operation record then is saved in memory to be forwarded on command. A
status alarm record, which occurs at specified conditions, is saved in the same way.
Communications are always initiated on command from an external computer. All information
necessary for external use is fetched in this way. A two level alarm output is also signaling
under specified conditions.

A switch monitor unit can be mounted in the cabinet of the host object without any special
brackets. It can withstand the intense vibrations that occur for more than 10 000 operations.

Except for the emission and immunity requirements stated for CE-marking an OLM-switch
monitor can manage all those special electrical disturbances that occur in switchgear
environments. Input terminals are also protected for faulty connections possibly done at
installations.

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The kernel of a switch monitor is built around a signal processor and programmable logic. The
program, logic codes and data are stored in a flash memory. Around this kernel is the analog
I/O system located. Between the analog interface and the connecting terminals is the
protective logic. This electronic circuit, built on a single PC-board, is then mounted into an
EMC shielding aluminum-profile housing.

The internal program and logic-code is downloaded to the switch monitors memory on a
special command.


Operation monitoring
An operation data acquisition starts with a coil trig signal on at least one coil. If the breaker is
in open and both close and some of the trip coils are engaged, at the same time or within a
specified maximum time, then travel data is saved as a close-open operation. In all other
cases travel data is saved as separate operations. The last eight operation data records are
kept in the switch monitors memory.

A motor operation data acquisition starts and stops with a signal at the spring contact input or
the motor trig input. The last sixteen motor operation data records are kept in the switch
monitors memory.


External interface
Digital or analog, linear or angle travel transducers can be used. A digital angle or linear
encoder usually is used for the mechanical travel. The analog transducer input alternatively
can be used to record spring travels or oil pressure in hydraulic operated breakers.

Conversion functions, of external software, then can convert angular mechanical travels to
their corresponding linear contact travels. The conversion function depends of the place, of
the mechanism, where these transducers are mounted. The equipment suppliers usually hold
both the conversion data and travel transducers complete with its mounting arrangements.

Each of the coil trig channels, close, trip1, and trip2 has two basic functions. Indicate coil
operation impulses and do acquisition of coil currents. If the operation coils are provided with
a resistor to the supply then this coil also can be supervised. Coil currents are preferably
measured with shunts or Hall element devices but current transformers can be used however
with some signal distortion.

Time of the spring contact low impulse is always measured. If some coil supervision channel
is used for motor supervision the motor current also is sampled. Motor current usually is
measured with a shunt but for AC motors even current transformers can be used.

The voltage for up to three power lines can be monitored on each OLM provided sub object.
One of this also is the power to the switch monitor itself.

A switch monitor has three inputs for measuring of the main line currents. These currents
usually are measured with current transformers on the secondary of the main current
transformers. For single-phase units two of these inputs are free and can be used for heater
current supervision. The current for up to two heaters then can be monitored, provided the
current type is AC.

For measuring of the ambient and the cabinet temperatures are PT100 sensors used. Two
points measuring method is used, as their connecting cables are intended to be short.

For measuring of SF6 gas density is a special sensor used. This sensor can also measure the
temperature of the gas. The temperature-normalized and the real pressure then can be
calculated from this density. Up to three such sensors can be used on each sub-unit.


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Options
At measuring on electrical synchronized switches an extra time measuring function is used.
Status inputs then are used on the switch monitor mounted on the earliest phase (master).
These inputs then are connected to the coil trig signals for the respective following phases.
For synchronized close the close coils and for synchronized open the trip coils.


Internal alarms
There are two identical groups of alarm conditions in a switch monitor. Each group has their
own alarm contact output. For each alarm event an alarm record also is saved in the switch
monitor memory. The last thirty-two alarm records are kept.


Measuring
All internal measuring data is calibrated to and saved as SI standard units. Both the mantissa
and the exponent of the value are saved as signed 16-bit integer values. The exponent is a
fixed value for each separate measuring parameter.

All internal measuring parameters are calibrated from factory. Under normal circumstances is
no more calibration necessary.

Unit conversion factors for external sensors are specified at installation. Temperature and
density sensors however need no conversion factors and are connected directly.


Communication
Communication to and from switch monitors is by a modified RS485 port. To communicate
with a computer directly an OLM-bus converter must be used in between. In fixed
installations an OLM-bus is used.


Exception faults
The supervision of internal hardware and externally connected sensors are done with logical
limits.

A watchdog timer handles software malfunctions in OLM switch monitors. If of some
reasons the program crashes it is picked up by an exception handler. After that it retries to
start a limited number of times. Retries and internal errors are logged and saved. After a non
recoverable error process the program goes to a special loop. Any try to communicate with
the switch monitor after that indicates a fault status. A program download is after that the only
command recognized by the switch monitor. Alarm contacts also can be programmed to
signal for such faults.






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Switch monitor equipment installation
The following installation instruction is general and includes all the possibilities available to
monitor different parameters of a circuit breaker. There is no hardware installation instruction
provided except, as suggestions, when they are close to the related software adjustment
procedure. For a specific installation however information about the included possibilities for it
is necessary. The equipment supplier provides the necessary information for this.


Supplier installation information
Together with a certified type-data file is information describing how to connect and install the
OLM supervisory equipment. This information is necessary since the configuration data
usually only is valid for a specific application. Common files that always should be included
are:

A certified OLM Explorer type-data file
Configuration files, or instructions, for the OLM switch monitor
Mounting and connection drawings with part-lists for the OLM equipment


Physically install a switch monitor
Follow instructions, from the supplier, how to physically mount and connect the switch
monitoring equipment on the switch units. First after that this work is finished is time to
configure the switch monitor software.


Communication
Remove temporarily the OLM-bus from the switch monitor and then connect the used
computer through the RS485 bus converter.

Start the OLM Installer and connect to the switch monitor. From the OLM Installer, always
use the OLM-bus address 0 and the baud rate 115 200 bd. Also see chapter Program
installation and basic usage.


Switch unit supervision equipment software configuration
Start the Configuration Guide under the Installation menu.






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Clear switch monitor data
It is recommended to always clear the switch monitor memory for old data before starting the
configuration of new equipment. However do not clear data for already configured and tested
installations. Use the Clear All Data button.

Restore factory settings
If it should be necessary, the factory settings can be restored. If used, all configuration
settings and calibration values will be restored as they where when the monitor vas delivered
from factory. Use the Restore Factory Settings button.

Step to the Next window






Switch monitor power input
The next window showed is used to configure the Switch monitor power input measurements
and label. On the switch monitor figure at the OLM Installer main window these input
terminals also are marked. Select the type of the power current and if necessary change the
signal name. Step to the Next window.



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Status signal inputs
This window is used to configure the status signal inputs. Most of these signal inputs are
dedicated standard status contacts in circuit breakers. The a and b status contacts are
respective the closed and the open position indications. The spring status contact is the
spring charged indication. The press status contact is for extra pressure supervision. The
alarm and block contacts are the internal supervisory signals for SF6 gas fill pressure. The
res1 and res2 inputs are for optional use. These inputs are used in electrically
synchronized breaker installations and can in other installations for example be used to check
extra contacts or just a voltage existence at a DC power line. Mark enable, for all used inputs,
and if necessary change their names. Step to the Next window.






SF6 gas density and temperature transducer inputs
These inputs are only for Trafag 8774 density sensors. This sensor returns, on its power line,
a current pulse train timed as a function of the gas density and the temperature. Enable
desired functions of the used transducers. Step to the Next window.



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Temperature measuring inputs
These inputs are for standard PT100 temperature sensors. Enable used temperature inputs
and, if necessary, change their names. Step to the Next window.






Line current monitoring inputs
These inputs (ct1, ct2, and ct3) are intended for line current monitoring with a current
transformer (ct) usually on the secondary line of the main ct. Only one of these inputs is used
in single-phase switch units so then ct2 and ct3 are free and can be used to for example
heater current monitoring.





Choose the desired function of these inputs. Specify their conversion constants in the
Change conversion constants dialogue window opened by a click in the Conversion
constant field.

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The constants for used cts are usually provided by the monitoring equipment supplier.
Optimal conversion ratio however is 100 mV out for the full-scale current input. Optimal
construction is a separated current transformer, connected with a twisted pair cable and the
burden resistor close to the switch monitor terminals. This arrangement then prevents from
prevailing electrical disturbances.

Type the new constants and Apply then leave this window with OK button.

Step to the Next window.


Travel transducer inputs
There are two different types of travel transducers that can be used: digital position encoders
and analogue position transducers.





Digital position encoders
This type of transducers is incremental but uses a two-phase signal combination that makes it
possible to detect the direction of a move. A counter in the switch monitor then keeps order of
the physical position of the encoder shaft.

Analog position transducers
These types of transducers are of absolute type. The output is a voltage divider with a ratio
proportional to the transducer position. Because an analog transducer is not so reliable and
accurate as a digital encoder it shall be used, for mechanical travel recording, only if
absolutely necessary.

Optionally this analogue input can be used for a pressure transducer if checked (0 40 MPa
for 4 20 mA out with use of a 250 ohm shunt resistor).
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Mechanical travel
Choose the type of transducer used for the mechanical travel and click the conversion
constant box for the type.

For angle encoders specify the conversion constant directly or use the internal phases per
revolution (PPR) to count per Radian calculation tool for it. For linear digital encoders the
pulses per Meter is specified directly.

For analogue transducers first set the switch in open position. Then specify the travel stroke
in Meter or Radians and click the Calculate button. Operate the breaker to the close position
and click OK. The conversion constant then is calculated and saved.

Spring travel
Spring travel recording usually is used only for hydraulic operated switches. For the spring
travel an analogue transducer always is used. It means that, when used, the mechanical
travel has to make use of a digital encoder.

Operate the spring accumulator to its most loaded position. Specify the stroke of the travel, in
Meter or Radians. Operate the spring accumulator to its most unloaded position and click
OK. The conversion constant then is calculated and saved.

Step to the Next window.



Communication port
In installations, this port is connected to the OLM-bus. This bus can have up to 32 units
connected including the bus converter of the server. Set a unique address and select the
baud rate for the used OLM-bus, usually 115 200 baud. For switches, which consist of more
then one unit, always use following addresses i.e. L1, L2 and L3. Do not use address 63,
which is reserved for the server or 0, which is the broadcast address. Step to the next
window.






Internal alarms
In the standard version of OLM2 switch monitors the internal functions for alarms are limited
to static parameter supervision except for the operation and motor operation times. This is
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because the OLM2 shall be able to fit all type of circuit breakers from any manufacturer. All
other supervision is done externally with the OLM Explorer. An externally calculated alarm
status however can be transferred back for a switch monitor alarm. See also the OLM
Explorer user manual.





Switch monitor alarm conditions
There are two identical groups of alarm conditions in a switch monitor. Each group has their
own alarm contact output. The only difference between the groups is the alarm signal contact.
For alarm group 1 is the alarm contact normally open (no) and for group 2 it is normally
closed (nc). Select the low and high priority alarm group with regard to power loose indication.
Use the Alarm priority high checkbox, in each group, to select this. For each alarm group
then the following can be set.


Alarm out function is the contact action performed at alarm. One of the following
alternatives can be used, Disabled, Closing or Opening.

The operation coils can be supervised if a bleeding resistor is connected across its
operation contacts. Enable the Coil supervision checkbox if an alarm, for such
malfunctions, is desired.

The motor circuit can be supervised if a bleeding resistor is connected across its
operation contacts. Enable the Motor circuit supervision checkbox if an alarm, for such
malfunctions, is desired.

If an alarm is desired for internal malfunctions, of the switch monitor itself and its
connected sensors, then enable the Sensor fault checkbox.

If a command, based on externally calculated alarm conditions, shall be permitted to set
alarm of this group then enable the Remote alarm checkbox.

If an action, from some of the status inputs a, b, spring, press, alarm, block, res1 and
res2, shall be used to set alarm, it is set here. For each of those signals one of the
following alternatives can be used, Disabled, Low -> high, High -> low and both flanks.


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Level supervision
The values of the following measuring parameters can be supervised with a low limit, a high
limit or in some cases the both. A limit value left blank means not used. For all values SI-
standard base units are used.

If heater current monitoring is used then the high and low supervisory limits of Ih1 and Ih2
are specified here.

If the cabinet temperature (Tint) is used then the high and low supervisory limits are
specified here.

The operation time supervisions, for the close, open and close-open operations; high and
low limits are specified here. This function however can only be used if the contact
positions are specified as, in its window, below.

The spring tension time (tm) high limit is specified here

Time between two following motor operations, done without a preceding operation, low
limit is specified here. Used only for hydraulic operated switches.

The low limits for the power voltage inputs pow, u1 and u2 is specified here.

The travel stroke low limit is specified here. A deviation, of the stroke, can be an
indication of a mechanism, a bracket or a transducers malfunction.

When all desired settings, for both alarm groups, is done proceed to the Next window.



Voltage monitoring inputs u1 and u2
These inputs can be used to monitor two optionally power voltages. They are differential and
can be connected directly. These voltage inputs also are sampled under operations. Enable
inputs to use with its checkbox select current type and if necessary change their names.





In some cases it is necessary to measure voltages higher than the range of monitor inputs
(FS). An external resistor is then used in serial with the input. A rough estimation of the
resistor value is (Ufs 280) /273E-6 (ohm) where Ufs is the new Full Scale AC voltage of the
input. For DC voltage exchange Ufs to Ufs/2 in the above formula. Supply the value in the
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External resistor field, with at least 0.1 % precision, and type the Calc button. The
Conversion constants (V/V) for the inputs then is calculated and showed. Also be sure that a
used serial resistor is fully isolated and rated for the used voltage. Step to the Next window.



Operation coil supervisory inputs
These three input groups, close, trip1 and trip2 are intended for coil trip/current supervision
but one of them can optionally be used for motor time/current monitoring as below.


Coil Configurations

Inputs Coil config 1 Coil config 2 Coil config 3 Coil config 4
Close Close1 Close1 Close1 Close1
Trip1 Trip1 Trip1 Trip1 Trip1
Trip2 Not used Trip2 Motor Close2
Res1/Res2 Not used Not used Not used Not used


Inputs Coil config 5 Coil config 6 Coil config 7 Coil config 8
Close Motor Motor Close1 Close1
Trip1 Trip1 Trip1 Motor Motor
Trip2 Trip2 Trip2 Close2 Close2
Res1/Res2 Close1 Res1 Close1 Res2 Trip1 Res1 Trip1 Res2


Inputs Coil config 9 Coil config 10 Coil config 11 Coil config 12
Close Close1 Close1 Close1 Close1
Trip1 Trip1 Trip1 Trip1 Trip1
Trip2 Motor Motor Motor Motor
Res1/Res2 Trip2 Res1 Trip2 Res2 Close2 Res1 Close2 Res2






The trg signal inputs on each group is for the operating coil impulse and the cur is for the
coil current. The ref input is the common for these two signals. A current measuring shunt or
Hall sensor device is connected between the cur and ref inputs. A current transformer (ct)
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optionally can be used instead but because this signal is a relatively long DC pulse some
signal distortion then occurs. These current inputs are also sampled under operations.

For motor monitoring are there four different time ranges, 20, 40, 80 and 160 seconds.

Note! Motor sampling is always 200 points and setting the sample time to long just results in
poor resolution. Example 20 sec sample time equals one sample every 0.1 sec and for 40 sec
0.2 sec etc.

If Use spring for motor trig is checked the motor sampling starts when the St1 Spring input
signal changes state from high to low.

Choose the desired function for the inputs and specify the conversion constants. For shunts
specify just the resistance in ohm and for cts and Hall sensor devices the ratio in V/A. The
monitoring equipment supplier usually provides the constants for the used devices. Optimal
conversion ratio however is 100 mV out for the full-scale DC pulse input. For AC motor
monitoring 70 mV out is used for the full-scale RMS current input.

Optimal construction, with use of shunts, is the shunt as close to the switch monitor terminals
as possible and connected with a twisted pair cable. Optimal construction, with use of cts, is
a separated ct connected with a twisted pair cable and the burden resistor close to the switch
monitor terminals. These arrangements then prevents from prevailing electrical disturbances.

Type the new constants and Apply then leave this window with OK. Step to the Next
window.



System configuration
Some system properties are necessary to know, for both the switch monitor and the OLM
Explorer software, to treat the monitoring data correctly. In this window most settings for that
are collected.





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Unit configuration is the usage, of the monitored sub-unit, in a breaker configuration.
Select the use of the unit as, Triple, L1, L2 or L3.

Sync is for monitoring of electrically synchronized breakers. The purpose of this function
is to view the operation parameters in a time relative perspective and not to supervise a
used synchronization device. Choose between the following alternatives, Disabled,
Master close-sync and Master open-sync.

AC voltage is the alternate current frequency of the electrical system. Choose between
50 or 60 cycles per second.

Max time to open for close-open is the maximal delay time allowed, between the close
and the open signals, for the operation shall be treated as a close-open operation.

Disable close-open operations is done by mark this checkbox. If this function is used all
close-open operations are separated to and saved as close and open operations.

Inverted breaker a check here tells the system that the breaker shall be treated as an
inverted breaker.

Thats all, step to the next window.



Contact positions
Main contact positions, for the monitored breaker type, usually are supplied together with the
installation instructions from the supplier. If the breaker is checked as a triple unit, as in a
previous window, there are three groups. For single-phase units (L1, L2 and L3) there is only
one group. The supplier of the equipment usually holds this data.

Optionally this values can be calculated from data measured with a temporarily use of the
res2 input on the switch monitor. Use for example a 1 500 ohm 10 W resistor from a 110 VDC
voltage supply (+) to the non-grounded main contact connection of the breaker. Then also
connect the st2 res2 (32) input on the switch monitor to this point. Connect then the st2 ref
(31) to ground. The return of the power supply (-) shall also be grounded. Operate the breaker
a few times. The contact positions then can be calculated and stored with the Calculate
button. For triple units repeat this procedure for the other two poles. Step to the next window.




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System information
All information necessary to identify an OLM supervised object and the specific unit or sub-
unit, which is host of this switch monitor, is here. Most, of the following, information texts can
be up to 32 characters.

Note! If there is more than one OLM monitor for an object preferably use the L1 assigned
monitor for Notes and eventually the Unit serial for all sub units. This is because the OLM
explorer software only shows System Information for the L1 unit.

Object mark is the designation label of the switch.

Manufacturer is the manufacturer of the switch.

Object type is the type of switch used.

Unit serial is the serial number of the sub-unit.

Install date is the switch monitor installation date.

Owner is the owner of the substation.

System function is a short description of the function for the switch in this substation.

Station is the name of the substation.

Region is the name of the region or community where the substation is situated.

Country is the country, state or province of the region.

Time zone is the time zone of the substation.

Longitude and Latitude are the geographical position of the substation.

Notes is a field for free notes. This field can hold up to 254 characters.





Most of this information is used to identify the object for a future supervision with external
software. Longitude and latitude are used to geographically locate a substation and the time
zone is used to calculate the local time.
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Finish the guide.
Click the Save button and the configuration is finished. If necessary repeat this guide or use
the Configuration.. function, under the Installation menu directly, to complete or change a
configuration.



Configuration
In this window are all the views of the installation guide collected as folders. Click the tab for
the desired function to configure. It is, from this window also, possible to load and save
configuration data as files. This function can be useful at switch installations consisting of
more than one switch monitor provided unit. It can also be a good practice to always save
configuration data.






Multiple unit switches
At installations with more than one switch-monitor it can be practical to save the configuration
for the first unit. This configuration then can be used for the following units, as they are
basically using the same data. Settings, which are different as the unit function, bus address
and serial no, for example then, are adjusted accordingly.


Set time
Now it is time to, check and if necessary, adjust the calendar clock time. Use the Set time
function in the Measurements.. window under the Installation menu.


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Operation tests
When the software configurations are finished then it is time to do some operation tests.
Operate the switch a number of times to acquire some operation data.


Switch monitor data
A switch monitor keeps data internally for a number of the latest events. These records are
organized in three categories as, Alarms, Operations and Motor operations. Each time data is
fetched from a switch monitor also a record of the momentarily input Status data is included.





Open the Monitor data window under the Installation menu. The Switch monitors internally
saved data then are transferred to the computer memory. Included is also a Status data
record of the command moment. In the four folders, of this window, are the most recent of the
switch monitors data acquisitions available.

Status data
Each time a read data command is sent to a switch monitor, is a status input data image
returned. At opening, the Switch monitor data window, the status data folder is showed. All
available parameters are showed either with its values, or if unused marked Disabled.
Values of the status parameters are updated each time the Refresh button is clicked.

The other data folders are reached through their respective tabs. Click the Alarm data tab.







Alarm data
An alarm data record consists of a status data image, of the alarm moment, with the status
code indicating the alarm cause. A switch monitor keeps the latest 32 alarm records in its
memory. Use the Refresh button to fetch eventually new alarm data records. Use the down
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arrow on the Show box to select between different alarm records. See the OLM2 switch
monitor parameter data section, of this manual, for more details about parameter records.

Click the Operation data tab.

Operation data
Each time a switch operation is performed, is a record of its data created and saved. A switch
monitor keeps the last eight operation records in its memory. Use the Refresh button to
fetch eventually new data records. Use the down arrow on the Show box to select between
different operation records.

A vector parameter cannot be showed as a single value. With the Show graph button in this
view all Enabled vector parameters are showed graphically. See chapter Diagram window
controls below, for available diagram settings. Also see the OLM2 switch monitor
parameter data section for more details about recorded parameters.





Click the Motor operation data tab.


Motor operation data
Each time a motor operation is performed is a record of its data created and saved. A switch
monitor keeps the last sixteen motor operation records in its memory. The functions of this
view are the same as for Operation data above.


Measurements
The Measurement function under the Installation menu can be used to test and verify the
function of the Switch monitors measuring inputs. See chapter Test and calibrate an OLM2
switch monitor.



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Diagram window controls
Following are some controls and settings, for the graphical window, that can be done with use
of the Mouse and Keyboard.

The mouse can be used as follows.
Single-Clicking the mouse over windows will give that window the input focus.
Controlling window scrollbars, selecting Hot Spots, and moving the Data-Cursor.
Right-Button Single-Clicking invokes a popup menu.
Double-Clicking a data point shows the value of the data point.
Double-Clicking inside a graphs grid shows the coordinates clicked.
Double-Clicking desk portion of window invokes the customization dialog.


The windows can also receive the following keyboard commands.

Q Shows a popup menu.
S Switches between monochrome and color styles.
T Toggles between custom and original parameters.
X Shows the export dialog.
M Maximizes the window to fit the screen.
P Shows the print dialog.
D Shows the Text/Data export dialog.
Z Undo Zoom
ARROWS Scrolls vertical/horizontal scrollbars and moves cursor.
PG-UP/PG-DOWN Pages vertical scrollbar.
SHIFT+PG-UP Pages horizontal scrollbar to the right.
SHIFT+PG-DOWN Pages horizontal scrollbar to the left.
HOME Moves vertical scrollbar to its first position.
END Moves vertical scrollbar to its last position.
SHIFT+HOME Moves horizontal scrollbar to its left-most position.
SHIFT+END Moves horizontal scrollbar to its right-most position.


Customizations
All windows have their own individual customization dialogs. The customization dialogs allow
the user to adjust visual, and functional attributes of the window as well as gain access to the
Export and Maximization dialogs.

Exporting
All windows have the same exporting capabilities. Windows can export the following formats
to the listed destinations.

Format Destinations
Metafile Clipboard, File, and Printer.
Bitmap Clipboard, and File.
OLE Object Clipboard. (16 bit only)
Text/ Data Clipboard, and File.
JPEG File.

By Pressing 'X' when the window has the focus, or selecting the Export button from the
Customizations Dialog.

1. Select the type of export desired.
2. Select the destination of the export.
3. If available, select the size of the image to export.
4. Press the Export/Print button.

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If information is to be exported to a file, then a target filename must be entered. Click the
mouse over the Browse button to show the File Save As Dialog. Enter a filename and select
OK to close the File Save As dialog.

If a metafile is exporting to the printer, pressing the Print button will show the Print Dialog.
Use the Print Dialog to make changes to the selected printer, orientation, paper bin, and other
printer options.

When exporting an OLE Object, the object is pasted into an OLE container. The object is
supported by the OLE MiniServer PEGRPSVR.EXE.

When exporting Text/Data, pressing the Export button launches the Text/Data Export Dialog.


Maximization
Maximization is the process of resizing the window to use the entire video display. When
maximizing the window, the window is actually copied to a maximized dialog. The dialog
(maximized window) can be closed by pressing 'Escape' or by using the mouse to click the
title bar. Making customizations to the maximized window will not affect the original (non-
maximized) window.


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The OLM-server engine
The OLM-server engine is a software driver dedicated to gathering, buffering and forwarding
data of OLM monitor data acquisitions. The server engine is resident on a computer
connected directly or indirectly to one or more OLM-busses and with some sort of network
connection. The computer, normally located in the control room of a substation, is an ordinary
PC. The PC is not locked up, for normal use because of the server engines work, so it can be
used for other tasks at the same time.


Communication
An OLM-server engine is configured and started ether with the OLM Installer or with the
OLM Explorer software. This server then continuously scans all OLM-bus connected
OLM monitors for new data. Object data fetched in this way then is compressed and saved
as files in a special folder. All communications between this server and other programs is
done trough files located in this folder or a subfolder of that. The server engine itself has no
user interface but uses a built in monitor that is a part of both the OLM Installer and the
OLM Explorer. All statuses from and commands to a server are also passed, through files in
this folder. A server engine is always configured and controlled in this way.


Internet
If Internet communication is used then the contents of this folder also automatically are
synchronized with the contents of another similar folder at a specified FTP address.
Monitoring data can be transported, and an OLM-server can be remotely controlled and
supervised, globally in this way.


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Install and configure a server engine
The OLM server software is installed together with the other OLM programs on the OLM
installation CD as a Windows system service routine. The OLM server is then controlled
either with the OLM Installer or the OLM Explorer program. A configuration, with use of
OLM Installer, is done as follows.


The OLM-server computer
A conventional PC-computer with a CD-ROM drive, 1-Gb free hard-disk space and at least
one serial communication port is necessary. A 1 GHz or higher processor and 512-Mb or
more of internal memory is recommended. The computer should also be connected to a local
area network (LAN), indirectly to Internet or by other means directly to Internet.

Microsoft Windows operating systems 2000 and XP are supported. No other software, except
the OLM Installer itself, is necessary. About the basics of and how to use the operating
system consult its own documentation.


The OLM-bus
All communication between a server and switch monitor equipments is by an OLM-bus.
This field bus consists physically of a special screened twisted pair cable, which can be daisy-
chained between up to 31 units and a server. Follow instructions from the switch equipment
supplier how to connect the OLM-bus.


The OLM-bus converter
A converter is used to convert signals of a conventional serial port, on a PC-computer, to the
OLM-bus format. An ordinary RS232 or USB to RS485 signal converter, with automatic
direction control, is used. Galvanic isolation between the sides is also strongly recommended.
Consult the manufacturer documentation how to configure USB/RS485 serial port adapters.


Install and start an OLM-server engine
First install the OLM software on the server computer. Start the OLM installer program but
do not connect by the Connect OLM in the File menu. In the Server menu, then click the
Run OLM Server On Startup. A server engine is now started and running. To stop the
server, just click the Run OLM Server On Startup again.


Change data path
With the Change data path.. in the Server menu is a file dialog opened. Choose or create a
new folder to store the data files collected by the server. The compressed files from the
monitors connected to the server are all saved in this folder. The path to this folder is also
showed in the server configuration window.


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Scan for new monitors
With the Scan for new monitor(s).. in the Server menu is a window with some functions for
the OLM bus setup. First the connected (enabled) serial ports on the computer are shoved.
The baud rate for the busses can be changed and the address interval. Do not use a slower
baud rate then absolute necessary due to the increased data transfer time. The addresses to
scan between to pick up connected monitors can be specified to speed up the scanning.






Event log
With the Event log.. in the Server menu is the information/error window for the server
opened.






OLM server configuration
There are three categories of settings for an OLM server, the OLM-server properties, the
OLM-bus connections and the Internet connection. All this must be configured correctly, to
allow an OLM server to work properly. Open the OLM Server Config.. window under the
Server menu. There are three tabs. Under the first tab are the settings for the server itself.


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Server settings
The following are basic settings for the server.


Server ID
The first to do is to set the id of the server. The Name, Owner, Country and the Installation
date are typed in their respective fields. This information is used to mark data from the server.
A remotely connected user then can make use of this information to identify the server.

Remote controlling a server
If the Enable remote control checkbox is checked, an external user can take control over
most functions of this server. A condition is that this user can supply a valid password. A
password, for this, then also must be specified. The password is typed in the dialogue box
opened with the Set password button.






Server data
The path to the OLM data folder is showed in the Data path field. It cannot be changed
and is for information only. This information is used when the data transfer is done directly
through a network.

Set password
If remote control is enabled a password optionally can be assigned to protect from
unauthorized changes of the server settings.

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OLM-bus settings
Under this tab are all settings for the OLM-busses collected.


Add remove an OLM-bus
All available OLM-busses are automatically added at restart and power on of the OLM
server computer. The number of the OLM-bus is the same as the number of the computers
COM-port used.

Disable a Switch monitor
The server searches all available busses for new Switch monitors each time the Scan Bus
For New Monitor(s).. button is clicked. All new monitors found are then added to the
configuration three. To remove a Switch monitor, just physically disconnect it and click the
Scan Bus For New Monitor(s).. button. To disable a Switch monitor, mark its entry in the
configuration tree and set the priority to zero.

Change baud-rate
The baud rate of a bus, which at default is 115 200 baud, can be changed by first mark it in
the configuration tree and click the Change baud-rate button. In the appearing dialogue box
then the new baud rate is selected. Do not slow down the baud-rate, if not absolutely
necessary, due to increased data transfer time.





Change save periodicity
The status data save periodicity, for this server, is set by the value of the hour and minute
boxes. The OLM busses however are always scanned as fast as possible.

Change scan priority
The scan priority can be adjusted for a marked switch monitor. At default is the highest priority
(1) set.



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Internet settings
The contents of the internal OLM data folder can automatically be synchronized with
another similar OLM folder located at an Internet server. The communication then is done
through the common FTP-protocol.

Each time a synchronize operation is performed independent if there is data to exchange the
server status file is updated. The purpose is both to remotely supervise the server engine
itself and to control that the used FTP connection is running.


Set synchronize periodicity
A synchronize is done periodically, if specified by the hour and minute boxes, and at all new
events and/or alarms, if checked.





Internet settings
The Internet address and login for the OLM data folder (Ftp 1), is specified here. For other
Internet settings are the MS Windows built-in functions used.

The address of an OLM folder at an alternative Internet server (Ftp 2) can additionally be
specified. If specified, this folder also is synchronized and contains the same data. In case a
remotely connected user cannot reach the first folder, this folder alternatively can be used. It
is also possible to remotely change an Internet server address if such backup is used.

The FTP port number usually is set to 21. It can be changed, if necessary as in instructions
from the supplier or from an Internet service provider.

Internet communication test
After all necessary settings have been done the file transfer communication can be tested.
Use the button Test file transfer to do that.







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OLM2 switch monitor measurements
The most important function and the base of all monitoring systems are the measuring. The
performance and reliability of these functions decides the quality of the whole system.


Hardware performance and reliability
It is a careful design and use of high quality components that obtain the extremely high
reliability of the OLM2 switch monitor measurements. Used operational-amplifiers, data
conversion units and resistors are selected with the best long time stability and lowest
possible temperature drift. Input protection circuits and filters are designed for a conversion
linearity better, or at least equal to, the bit resolution for the analogue conversion. The
analogue bit resolution also is chosen, several times, higher than the specified accuracy of
the measuring parameters.

Time measurement and sample interval accuracy is several times higher than specification.
The sample rate however is chosen as a compromise between the time resolution of a
parameter and its data size but it is sufficient for currently evaluated parameters.

As a switch monitor is intended to supervision of switches, a maintenance free life is required.
A switch monitor is calibrated from factory and under normal circumstances then no more
calibrations are necessary.


Software calibration and methods
All measuring values fetched from an OLM2 switch monitor are in calibrated SI standard
units. For each separate measuring parameter there is a fixed signed integer exponent
representing the magnitude of the value (SI-exponent). The value itself then can fit in a single
signed integer. For each measuring parameter there are also two integer calibration constants
A and B. As the internal measuring value (imv) conversion is linear the values of these
constants can be determined at calibration as:

The offset correction: a = A * 2^ SI-exponent
And the gain correction: b = B * 2^ (SI-exponent -14)

If the measuring value: MV = a + b * imv
And the reference value: RV = (a + ) * b * * imv
Then for two points (1, 2)
Gain correction adjustment: = (RV1 RV2) / (MV1 MV2)
And offset correction adjustment: = RV1 a * (MV1 a)

For some of the measuring inputs (those for external sensors) there also is a unit conversion
factor. The SI-exponent, A and B constants of such inputs then also are converted by these
factors.




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Test and calibrate an OLM2 switch monitor

Measurements
The Measurement window under the Installation menu has functions to test and verify most
measuring inputs, of the OLM2 switch monitors.






Calendar time calibration
Under the Time tab is a tool to calibrate the calendar clock of an OLM2 switch monitor.
Calendar time of the connected computer is used.

Density transducer inputs
Under the Density tab the measuring values, with theirs corresponding density and
temperatures, from connected transducers are showed.

Digital I/O
Under this tab is all contact status inputs showed as lamps. There are also two buttons to test
the both alarm contacts with.

Temperature sensor inputs
Under the Temperature tab is the cabinet and ambient temperature with their corresponding
resistances showed. The switch monitor internal temperature is also showed here.

Analogue inputs
Under this tab is all voltage measuring inputs shoved. Only DC values of these inputs are
however calculated.

Transducer inputs
The positions and their corresponding measuring values, for both the digital and the analogue
transducers, are showed here. Used for testing purposes only.


Calibration
A switch monitor is calibrated and tested from factory. Under normal circumstances is no
more calibration necessary. In case it is necessary to modify or repair a switch monitor the
manufacturer usually do it. However a calibration can always be done as follows, to verify its
accuracy. A quality system also claims ability to track the calibration reference of all
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measuring systems. Even if OLM2 switch monitors always are delivered with a calibration
certificate it also can be a way, in some cases, to better harmonize with specific quality rules.


Reference instruments
Use calibrated reference instruments with the following minimum ranges and accuracy.

Voltage meter
Range: (0 400) V DC, accuracy: < 0,1 % of reading or < 0,1 mV

Current meter
Range: (0 1) mA DC, accuracy: < 0,1 % of reading or < 0,1 A

Time meter
Range: > 12,5 s, accuracy: < 0,25 ms

Pulse generator
Pulse width: (2 3) ms, accuracy: < 2 s
Frequency: (10 253) Hz, accuracy: < 0.01 Hz
Output: (0 18) V, impedance < 600 ohm

Optionally a time- and frequency-meter can be used together with the pulse generator, if
necessary, to improve the accuracy.

Precision resistors
Resistor 1: 70 ohm, calibrated and marked with its value 0.01 %
Resistor 2: 135 ohm, calibrated and marked with its value 0.01 %

DC power unit
Voltage output range: (0 400) V DC, ripple < 0,1 % of output or < 1 mV
Power output: > 20 W

Accessories
Resistors, diodes etc as in the following points


The calibration guide
Start the Calibration guide under the Calibration menu. Select the first point Voltage
monitor inputs.


Voltage monitor inputs (Pow, U1 and U2)
Except for pow these inputs are used only for power voltage monitoring. Statuses read from
these inputs are returned as, for DC voltages the value and for AC voltages the true RMS
value. Under operation these inputs are sampled and saved as vectors of momentarily
values.

Input specification:
Measuring range is 280 V AC/DC
Accuracy is better then 1 V
Bit resolution 0,19 V

All AC-values are calculated as the root of the mean value for the squared samples of 100
ms, TRMS. The current type must be specified for each of these monitor inputs before use.
Available types are DC and AC (50Hz/60Hz).

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Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power unit and voltage meter or a voltage calibrator output to the inputs Pow,
U1 and U2. Terminals 1 and 2, of these three inputs, are connected together. Follow the
guide.






Voltage monitor U1/U2 leak current
This is a calibration of the DC leak current for inputs U1 and U2 at 280VDC. These leak
current values then are saved together with calibration constants in the monitor memory.
They are used to calculate new calibration constants when pre divider resistors are used.

Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power unit to U1/U2 input with the current meter in serial. Follow the guide.


Coil current sensor voltage inputs (close cur, trip1 cur and trip2 cur)
These inputs are mainly used, via shunts or current transformers, to monitor the operation coil
current. Optionally they can be used to monitor motor current. Because the operation coils not
usually are operated at the same time the coil currents are sampled in the same vector (ic +
it1 + it2). Coil currents are always DC values but for motor current both DC and AC
(50Hz/60Hz) can be used. AC-motor currents are also sampled directly as TRMS values.

Input specification:
Measuring range DC and AC peak is 100 mV
Accuracy is better than 1 mV
Bit resolution 50 V

Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power unit and a voltage meter or a voltage calibrator output to the inputs
close, trip1 and trip2. Terminals cur respective ref, of these three inputs, are
connected together. Follow the guide.


Line current sensor voltage inputs (ct1, ct2 and ct3)
These inputs are mainly used to monitor the main line currents. In system with single pole
switch units, two of these inputs (ct2, ct3) are free and can be used to monitor heater
currents. These inputs can only be used with current transformers and for AC (50Hz/60Hz).

Input specification:
Measuring range DC and AC peak is 142 mV
Accuracy is better than 1 mV
Bit resolution 70 V
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Inputs used for line currents are sampled under operations and no TRMS values are
calculated within the switch monitor. Status AC-values are calculated as the root of the mean
value for the squared samples of 100 ms, TRMS.

Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power unit and voltage meter or a voltage calibrator output to the inputs ct1,
ct2 and ct3. The source is connected in parallel to these three input terminals and the
return is connected to the ct ref. Follow the guide.


Analogue travel voltage input
This input is specially designed for a resistive linear or angle transducer. If the power output
(5 V) of this port is used, as reference, also a possible voltage variation to the transducer is
fully compensated. At calibration and when used as a voltage measuring input however, this
compensation is disabled.

This input also can be used as a general analogue input.

Input specification:
Measuring range is (0 5) V
Accuracy is better than 10 mV
Bit resolution 1,22 mV

Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power unit and voltage meter or a voltage calibrator output to the inputs trvl
wip and trvl ref. Follow the guide.


Resistance measuring inputs
These inputs are adapted for PT100 class B temperature sensors with two-terminal
connection. The resistance of these sensors is a function of its temperature.

Input specification:
Measuring range is (70 135) ohm
Accuracy is better than 0,1 ohm
Nominal measuring current is 0,56 mA

Calibration procedure
Connect the DC power source and a voltage meter or a voltage calibrator output to the inputs
T int and T amb in parallel. Terminal T ref is then connected to the DC power and
measuring return. Follow the guide.


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Frequency and pulse width inputs
These inputs (dens1, dens2 and dens3) are specially designed for Trafag 8774 SF6-gas
density sensors. This sensor returns a current pulse train on its power lines. The frequency of
the pulses is a function of the gas density and the pulse width is a function of the temperature.

Input specification:
Frequency measuring range is (10 253) Hz
Frequency measuring accuracy is better than 0,1 Hz

Pulse width measuring range is (2 - 3) ms
Pulse width measuring accuracy is better than 2 s

Calibration procedure
Connect these inputs (dens1, dens2, and dens3) to the pulse generator output. Use a
separate circuit, as below, between the generator and each of the three inputs. Resistor R1 is
calculated as 1 800 ohm subtracted by three times the generator output impedance and R2 is
8 000 ohm. Rectifier D1 is an ordinary signal diode. Adjust the generator output voltage as
below. Follow the OLM Installer calibration guide for Frequency inputs.

Then follow the OLM Installer calibration guide for Time inputs.





Sample period timing
The sample period time is the reference for all switch monitor time measurements. Internal
sample timing reference can be calibrated in counts each on 40 ns.

Specification:
Sample time is 500 s
Accuracy is better than 100 ns

Calibration procedure
Run the OLM Installer calibration guide for sample period. Connect inputs as in the figure
below. Resistances R are 1 000 ohm. The reference time meter should start and stop at two
successive negative input flanks. Follow the guide.

Push the switch two times with an interval on at least 12,5 s and not more than 25 s.


1/f
18V
0V
t
Generator
output
8, 9, 10
11
R1
R2
D1
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Trvl 1
Trvl /1
Trvl ref
Bounce free switch
R
R
R
Trvl +5V
Reference
time meter



The OLM2 calibration is now finished.


Calibration constants
From the Calibration constants window under Calibration menu any of the OLM2 switch
monitors calibration- and conversion-constants can be manually modified. This is mainly for
testing and maintenance purposes and must be used carefully. These constants can also be
printed directly from Print calibration under the File menu.





Password
Changes of the internal calibration factors are password protected. The supervision
equipment suppliers assign passwords for this.

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OLM2 switch monitor parameter data

Status data
Each time a read data command is sent to a switch monitor is a status input data record
returned. A status data record consists of:

Record Number An internal counter to keep order of the readings number.
Date/Time Date/time of reading.
Status Common status and for alarm events the error code.
Tamb (C) Usually used for the ambient temperature
Tint (C) Usually used for the switch cabinet temperature
Heater Current 1 (A) Heater current monitoring option 1
Heater Current 2 (A) Heater current monitoring option 2
Pow (V) The power line voltage used for the switch monitor itself
U1 (V) Optional power voltage monitoring 1
U2 (V) Optional power voltage monitoring 2
SF6 Density dens1 (kg/m3) Gas density in chamber 1
SF6 Density dens2 (kg/m3) Gas density in chamber 2
SF6 Density dens3 (kg/m3) Gas density in chamber 3
Gas Temp T1 (C) Gas temperature in chamber 1
Gas Temp T2 (C) Gas temperature in chamber 2
Gas Temp T3 (C) Gas temperature in chamber 3
Status a State of status contact a, (low/high)
Status b State of status contact b, (low/high)
Status spring State of status contact spring, (low/high)
Status press State of status contact press, (low/high)
Status alarm State of status contact alarm, (low/high)
Status block State of status contact block, (low/high)
Status res1 State of status contact res1, (low/high)
Status res2 State of status contact res2, (low/high)
Operations Number of switch operations done
Operations Motor Number of motor operations done
Oil pressure 0 40 MPa hydraulic oil pressure
Spare Not used


Alarm data
An alarm record consists of a status data record, of the alarm moment, with the status code
indicating the alarm cause. The structure of the data is the same as for the previous status
data. A switch monitor keeps the latest 32 alarm records in its memory.


Operation data
Each time a switch operation is performed is a record of its data created and saved. A switch
monitor keeps the last eight operation records in its memory. An operation data record
consists of the following numerical values:

Record Number An internal counter to keep order of the records.
Date/Time Date/time of operation.
Status Common status as operation types and coil
Tamb (C) Usually used for the ambient temperature
Tint (C) Usually used for the switch cabinet temperature
Stroke (rad, m) Mechanical stroke of the switch
Operations Switch operations counted at close
Oil pressure 0 40 MPa hydraulic oil pressure option

And the following time vector values. 250 ms (500 values *0.5 ms):

ELCON AB
44 (47)
Pow (V) The power line voltage used for the switch monitor itself
U1 (V) Optional power voltage monitoring 1
U2 (V) Optional power voltage monitoring 2
Mechanical Travel (rad, m) Switch operation travel
Coil Current (A) Coil current for close+trip1+trip2
Line Current 1 (A) Line current monitoring L1
Line Current 2 (A) Line current monitoring L2
Line Current 3 (A) Line current monitoring L3
Status a Status contact a position
Status a Status contact b position
Status spring Status contact spring position
Status press Status contact press position
Status alarm Status contact alarm position
Status block Status contact block position
Status res1 Status contact res1 position
Status res2 Status contact res2 position
Status close trig Status contact close trig position
Status trip trig Status contact trip trig position
Status trip2/motor trig Status contact trip2/motor trig position

The following value is showed but is only used internally for contact-time supervision:

Operation Time (s) Calculated contact time


Motor operation data
Each time a motor operation is performed is a record of its data created and saved. A switch
monitor keeps the last sixteen motor operation records in its memory. A motor operation data
record consists of the following numerical values:

Record Number An internal counter to keep order of the records.
Date/Time Date/time of motor operation.
Status Common status as operation type
Tamb (C) Usually used for the ambient temperature
Tint (C) Usually used for the switch cabinet temperature
Stroke (rad, m) Full travel of a spring accumulator
Spring Time (s) Spring contact low time
Operations Motor Counted at each motor start
Oil pressure 0 40 MPa hydraulic oil pressure option

And the following time vector values. (20, 40, 80, 160) s, 200 values *(0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8) s:

Motor Current (A) Motor coil current
U1 (V) Optional voltage monitoring
Spring Travel (m) Optional spring travel monitoring
Status a Status contact a position
Status a Status contact b position
Status spring Status contact spring position
Status press Status contact press position
Status alarm Status contact alarm position
Status block Status contact block position
Status res1 Status contact res1 position
Status res2 Status contact res2 position
Status close trig Status contact close trig position
Status trip trig Status contact trip trig position
Status trip2/motor trig Status contact trip2/motor trig position

Note: All time vectors is synchronized with the operation start signal.
ELCON AB
45 (47)
OLM2 hardware specification summary

Number of status and timing inputs
(a, b, spring, press, alarm, block, res1, res2) 8
Recommended source voltage (24 250) VDC
Contact voltage level (mean) 15 V
Hysteresis voltage 1 V
Voltage level accuracy 1,5 V
Contact input reaction time < 100 s

Number of voltage supervisory inputs (pow, u1, u2) 3
Measuring range FS (extensible with external resistor) (0 280) VAC/ 390 VDC
Accuracy 0,5 % of FS

Number of coil supervisory inputs (close, trip1, trip2) 3
Working range trig input (24 250) VDC
Trig voltage level 15 V
Trig voltage level accuracy 1,5 V
Trig input reaction time < 100 s
Coil current input working range FS (shunt or ct) 100 mV
Coil current input accuracy 0,5 % of FS
Operation coil supervisory input trip2 can be used for motor current

Number of travel transducer inputs (trvl) 1
Digital input for digital position encoder, receiver type RS422
Analog input for position encoder measuring range FS (0 5) V
Analog input accuracy 0,5 % of FS
Analog input impedance 1 Mohm // 45 pF
Power source for both 5 V, 100 mA
Analog input can be used for 4 20 mA sensor trough an external 250-ohm resistor

Number of temperature sensor inputs (Tint, Tamb) 2
Sensor type PT100 class B
Measuring range FS (-55 - +85) C, (-67 - +185) F
Measuring accuracy 1 C, 2 F

Number of line current inputs (ct1, ct2, ct3) 3
Measuring range FS (0 100) mV AC
Measuring accuracy 1 % of FS
Inputs for ct2 and ct3 can be used for heater1 and heater2

Number of Trafag 8774 SF6 density and temperature
sensor inputs 3
Measuring range density FS (dens1, dens2, dens3) (0 50) kg/m3 SF6
Accuracy density 2 % of FS
Measuring range temperature FS (T1, T2, T3) (-40 - +85) C, (-40 - +185) F
Accuracy temperature 3 % of FS
Power output total for all three 17 V DC, 100 mA

Number of communication ports (com) 1
Hardware interface type RS 485
Communication rate 115 kbps
Communication protocol OLM-bus

Alarm out contacts (alarm1 (no), alarm2 (nc)) 2
Contact data 230 VAC, 1 A

ELCON AB
46 (47)
Power supply input AC (pow) (85 265) V
Power supply input DC (pow) (100 300) V
Power consumption < 12 VA
Voltage supervisory channel pow is internally connected to power input

Ambient temperature operating (-20 - +60) C, (-4 - +140) F
Ambient temperature storage (-40 - +70) C, (-40 - +158) F
Relative humidity, non-condensing (0 95) %
Encapsulation class IP20

Dimension l*w*h (220 *210 *50) mm
(8.66 *8.27 *1.97) in

Weight 1,6 kg, 3.53 lbs.

Sampling frequency 2 kHz
Internal memory 128 kbyte

Calendar clock < 1 h per year
Rechargeable lithium battery, backup time > 60 days
Expected battery lifetime > 15 year



ELCON AB
47 (47)

Declaration of conformity

According to

the EMC Directive 89/336/EEG, 92/31/EEG & the
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEG and 93/68/EEG including
amendments by the CE-marking Directive 93/68/EEG


Type of equipment
Switch monitor
Brand name or trademark
OLM
Type designation(s)/Model no(s)
OLM2
Manufacturers name, address, telephone & fax no
Elcon AB
Hyttrisvgen 27
SE-770 14 Nyhammar, SWEDEN, Tel: +46 240 64 11 10, Fax: +46 240 13 19

The following standards and/or technical specifications, which comply with good engineering practice
in safety matters in force within the EEA, have been applied:

Standard, EMC Test report/ technical construction file/
normative document
EN50081-1, EN55011 Class B Ref. No: 00182 / Issued by: Elcon AB
EN50082-2, EN61000-4-3, -6, -11, Level 3
EN50082-2, EN61000-4-2, -5, Level 4
EN50082-2, EN61000-4-4, -8, -9, Level 5

Standard, LVD Test report/ technical construction file/
normative document
SS-EN 61 010-1: 1993-09-30 Ref. No: 0011-001 / Issued by: Elcon AB
SS-EN 61 010-1/A2: 1996-01-12

Additional information
The product is CE-marked in 2000

As manufacturer/ the manufacturers authorized representative established within EEA,
we declare under our sole responsibility that the equipment follows the provisions of the
Directives stated above


Date and place of issue Signature of authorized person

Nyhammar 2000-12-06

Gran Fax
Name & Position
Gran Fax, Managing Director