Determine boundary layer thickness, , displacement thickness, *, momentum thickness, , and

Overall skin friction coefficient, C

Df
, relationship with local Reynolds Number, Re
x
using
laminar parabolic velocity profile given by
2
2
2
o o
y y
U
u
= (parabolic profile)
Ok, We know these formulas. (from the slide of course)
B1. Boundary layer displacement thickness,
}

|
.
|

\
|
=
0
*
1 dy
U
u
o
B2. Boundary layer momentum thickness,
}

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
0
1 dy
U
u
U
u
u
B3. Wall shear stress ,
0 =
=
y
w
dy
du
t
B4. Von Karman Momentum Integral Equation ,
dx
d
U
w
u
t
2
=
B5. Local skin friction,
2
2
1
U
C
w
f

t
=

Starts here !!! (STEP1)
2
2
2
o o
y y
U
u
=
Put into B1 :
} } }

+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
= |
.
|

\
|
=
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
*
2 1 2 1 1 dy
y y
dy
y y
dy
U
u
o o o o
o
change the limit, normally from 0 to . Before integrate, REMEMBER, U and are constants

] 0 0 0 [
3 3
2 1
2
3 2
0
0
2
3 2
2
2
*
+
(

+ =
(

+ = + =
}
o
o
o
o
o
o o o o
o
o
o
y y
y dy
y y


3 3
*
o o
o o o =
(

+ =

3
*
o
o =
(STEP2) Put into B2 :
} }

(

|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
= |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
0
2
2
2
2
0
2 1 2 1 dy
y y y y
dy
U
u
U
u
o o o o
u

} }

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
0
4
4
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
0
2
2
2
2
2 1 2 4 2 2 1 2 dy
y y y y y y
dy
y y y y
o o o o o o o o o o
u

o
o
o o o o o o o o
u
0
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
0
2
2
3
3
4
4
3
5
5
2 5 4
(

+ + =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + =
}
y y y y
dy
y y y y


(

+ + =
(

+ + = o o o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
u
3
5
5
0
3
5
5
2
2
3
3
4
4
5


15
2o
u =
(STEP 3): Apply profile to wall shear stress (B3)
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2 2 y
U
y
U y
U
y
U u
y y
U
u
o o o o o o
= = =
y
U U
dy
du
2
2 2
o o
=

o o o
U U U
dy
du
y when
2
) 0 (
2 2
2
0
= =
=


o
t
U
dy
du
y
w
2
0
= =
=

(STEP 4): Apply to Momentum Integral (B4)
dx
d
U
w
u
t
2
= , We know that
15
2o
u = (for parabolic profile)
dx
d
U
dx
d
U
w
o

o
t
2 2
15
2
15
2
= =
(STEP 5): Equate both result from step 4 and 5,


w w
t t =

o

U
dx
d
U
2
15
2
2
=

U U
U
dx
d

o o
15
2
15 2
2
= =
dx
U
d

o o 15 =

} }
= dx
U
d

o o 15

x
x
x
Ux U
x
Re
15 15 15
2
2
2
2
= = =

o


x
x
Re
30
2
2
= o

( )
2 / 1
Re
48 . 5
x
x
= o
so,
( )
3 /
Re
48 . 5
3
2 / 1
*
x
x
= =
o
o

( )
2 / 1
*
Re
83 . 1
x
x
= o
so,
( )
15 / 2
Re
48 . 5
15
2
2 / 1
= =
x
x o
u

( )
2 / 1
Re
73 . 0
x
x
= u


(STEP 6): calculate local skin friction from equation B5
B5. local skin friction,
dx
d
U
dx
d
U
U
C
w
f
u

t
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
= = =

( )
2 / 1
2 / 1 2 / 1 2 / 1
2 / 1
73 . 0 73 . 0 73 . 0
Re
73 . 0 x
U U
x
x
Ux
x
x
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
= =

u

( )
2 / 1
2 / 1
2 / 1
2 / 1
Re 2
73 . 0
2
73 . 0
2
1
73 . 0
x
Ux
x
U dx
d
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

u


( )
2 / 1
Re 2
73 . 0
2 2
x
f
dx
d
C = =
u


( )
2 / 1
Re
73 . 0
x
f
C =
Or
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 / 1
2 / 1
2 / 1
2 / 1
2 2 2
0
2
Re
73 . 0
Re
Re
48 . 5
4
Re
48 . 5
4
48 . 5
Re 4 1 4
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
x
f
x
x
x
x
f
y
w
f
C
Ux x U U
C
U
U
U
U
U
dy
du
U
C
=
= = = =
= = = =
=